22ndnd 6 Weeks 6 Weeks District Test District Test

ReviewReviewPowerPoint by: K. PeasePowerPoint by: K. Pease

77thth grade science, Plummer Middle School grade science, Plummer Middle School

How is vegetation or plant life How is vegetation or plant life affected during droughts?affected during droughts?

It will wilt from lack of water, then It will wilt from lack of water, then it will dieit will die

Describe how Hurricane Ike impacted Describe how Hurricane Ike impacted the Gulf Coast ecosystem.the Gulf Coast ecosystem.

Destroyed large amounts of Destroyed large amounts of habitats, landhabitats, land

Polluted waterPolluted water

Left people / animals without Left people / animals without homeshomes

Predict how a natural disaster Predict how a natural disaster would affect our ecosystem.would affect our ecosystem.

Destroyed large amounts of Destroyed large amounts of habitats, landhabitats, land

Polluted waterPolluted water

Left people / animals without Left people / animals without homeshomes

What is primary Succession?What is primary Succession?

The development or plant and The development or plant and animal communities in an area in animal communities in an area in which no topsoil exists, as in a which no topsoil exists, as in a new lava flownew lava flow

What is secondary succession?What is secondary succession?

The development of such The development of such communities in an area that communities in an area that has been disturbed but still has been disturbed but still retains its topsoil, as in a retains its topsoil, as in a burned-over areaburned-over area

Compare / Contrast primary to Compare / Contrast primary to secondary succession.secondary succession.

Primary = no soil presentPrimary = no soil present

Secondary =past soil is presentSecondary =past soil is present

What is the role of ecological What is the role of ecological succession?succession?

The gradual The gradual replacement of replacement of one type of one type of ecological ecological community by community by another in the another in the same area, same area, involving a series involving a series of orderly of orderly changes.changes.

After a devastating wildfire wipes out an After a devastating wildfire wipes out an area of forest, describe the organisms area of forest, describe the organisms

that might be found as succession that might be found as succession occurs.occurs.

Small grassesSmall grasses

FlowersFlowers

Small bushes, shrubsSmall bushes, shrubs

Seedlings of young Seedlings of young treestrees

After a devastating volcanic explosion After a devastating volcanic explosion wipes out an area, describe the wipes out an area, describe the

organisms that might be found as organisms that might be found as succession occurs.succession occurs.

Small grassesSmall grasses

FlowersFlowers

Small bushes, shrubsSmall bushes, shrubs

Seedlings of young treesSeedlings of young trees

What is weathering?What is weathering?

Any of the chemical or Any of the chemical or mechanical processes by mechanical processes by which rocks exposed to the which rocks exposed to the weather undergoweather undergo

What is erosion?What is erosion?

The gradual wearing away of The gradual wearing away of land surface materials, land surface materials, especially rocks, sediments especially rocks, sediments and soils, by the action of and soils, by the action of water, wind or a glacier.water, wind or a glacier.

What is deposition?What is deposition?The accumulation or laying down The accumulation or laying down of matter by a natural process, as of matter by a natural process, as the laying down of sediments in a the laying down of sediments in a river or the accumulation of river or the accumulation of mineral deposits in a bodily mineral deposits in a bodily organorgan

How does chemical weathering connect How does chemical weathering connect with cave formations in TX?with cave formations in TX?

Geologic Processes- In order to understand how Geologic Processes- In order to understand how cave formations form, we must understand how cave formations form, we must understand how the cavern itself is formed. Caverns are formed the cavern itself is formed. Caverns are formed when either rain, runoff rain water or surface water when either rain, runoff rain water or surface water goes into the topsoil or A-Horizon. Then Carbonic goes into the topsoil or A-Horizon. Then Carbonic Acid and Carbon Dioxide mix with the soil when Acid and Carbon Dioxide mix with the soil when plants grow. This forms an acid that is literally plants grow. This forms an acid that is literally cutting and eats away at the limestone to form cutting and eats away at the limestone to form cracks in it, much in the same way that water cracks in it, much in the same way that water forces cracks to open in frost wedging. This forces cracks to open in frost wedging. This geologic process is a type of chemical weathering.geologic process is a type of chemical weathering.

Describe how weathering and erosion Describe how weathering and erosion have impacted Big Bend National Park.have impacted Big Bend National Park.

http://www.utdallas.edu/scimathed/resourchttp://www.utdallas.edu/scimathed/resources/torch/bb00_geo-al.htmes/torch/bb00_geo-al.htm

Erosion in Big Bend is best defined by Erosion in Big Bend is best defined by rapid run-off and flash-flooding following rapid run-off and flash-flooding following summer thunderstorms, but there are summer thunderstorms, but there are other active agents of erosion. other active agents of erosion.

Describe how deposition affects the Describe how deposition affects the coastal regions of Texas.coastal regions of Texas.

During the summer months, people During the summer months, people fertilize and water their lawns. How do fertilize and water their lawns. How do these activities affect the surface water these activities affect the surface water

and ground water?and ground water?

How might overuse of water wells How might overuse of water wells affect the groundwater and surface affect the groundwater and surface

water in a watershed region?water in a watershed region?Groundwater is and will continue to be a major source of water Groundwater is and will continue to be a major source of water for Texas. However, in many parts of the state, more for Texas. However, in many parts of the state, more groundwater is being used than is being replenished through groundwater is being used than is being replenished through natural means. If this practice continues, natural means. If this practice continues, Texas water costs will Texas water costs will rise, land could subside, water quality could decline and people rise, land could subside, water quality could decline and people in some areas could run out of water.in some areas could run out of water.

Pumping water from aquifers faster than they are recharged Pumping water from aquifers faster than they are recharged has resulted in a has resulted in a lowering of the water tablelowering of the water table which has which has increased the costs of pumping water from aquifersincreased the costs of pumping water from aquifers. Lowering . Lowering the water table has also resulted in land subsidence, the water table has also resulted in land subsidence, altered altered underground flow patterns, reduced water quality, and caused underground flow patterns, reduced water quality, and caused many many springsprings to go dry. s to go dry.

What are tundra and desert What are tundra and desert examples of?examples of?

Correct Correct Answer: B - Answer: B - BiomesBiomes

Give at least one reason why many Give at least one reason why many animals that live in the desert are animals that live in the desert are

able to survive without directly able to survive without directly drinking water.drinking water.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kangaroo_rat

Answer is…Answer is…

Desert animals get water from the plants Desert animals get water from the plants they eat.they eat.

Describe the Taiga and explain what Describe the Taiga and explain what organisms are able to survive there.organisms are able to survive there.

Cold, High latitudes (mountains)Cold, High latitudes (mountains)

Coniferous ForestConiferous Forest

Little RainfallLittle Rainfall

Rain deer, MiceRain deer, Mice

Snowshoe rabbitsSnowshoe rabbits

WolverinesWolverines

Adaptations:Adaptations: Thick fur, color change with seasonsThick fur, color change with seasons HibernationHibernation MigrationMigration

Describe the deciduous forest and explain Describe the deciduous forest and explain what organisms are able to survive there.what organisms are able to survive there.Change of seasonsChange of seasons

Cool winters, warm summersCool winters, warm summers

Moderate rainfallModerate rainfall

Animals: deer, birds, rabbits, squirrels, insects, Animals: deer, birds, rabbits, squirrels, insects, small mammalssmall mammals

Plants: broad leaf trees, shrubs, birch, bushesPlants: broad leaf trees, shrubs, birch, bushes

Adaptations:Adaptations: HibernationHibernation MigrationMigration Food storageFood storage

Describe the desert and explain what Describe the desert and explain what organisms are able to survive there.organisms are able to survive there.

Very hot in day / cold at night, dry climate, sand, Very hot in day / cold at night, dry climate, sand, platues, mesaplatues, mesa

Little to no rainfallLittle to no rainfall

Animals: snakes, lizards, coyotes, jackrabbits, road Animals: snakes, lizards, coyotes, jackrabbits, road runners, insects, birdsrunners, insects, birds

Plants: cactus, tumble weeds, junipers, low shrubsPlants: cactus, tumble weeds, junipers, low shrubs

Adaptation:Adaptation: Dry, rough skinDry, rough skin Water storageWater storage NocturnalNocturnal Eat plants to consume waterEat plants to consume water

Why would a cactus be unable Why would a cactus be unable to live in a tropical rainforest?to live in a tropical rainforest?

Stores to much water, would drownStores to much water, would drown

Needs sandy soilNeeds sandy soil

Not able to get enough sun due to canopyNot able to get enough sun due to canopy

Why do Monarch butterflies migrate Why do Monarch butterflies migrate during season changes?during season changes?

Food sourceFood source

Weather changeWeather change

How does hibernation help How does hibernation help organisms to survive?organisms to survive?

To avoid the sever cold of winterTo avoid the sever cold of winter

To conserve energy during limited food To conserve energy during limited food supplysupply

How does migration help How does migration help organisms to survive?organisms to survive?

To avoid starvation due to limited foodTo avoid starvation due to limited food

Avoid undesirable climateAvoid undesirable climate

InstinctiveInstinctive

How would birds be different if their How would birds be different if their bones make-up were similar to bones make-up were similar to

humans?humans?Bones would be solid, denseBones would be solid, dense Unable to get off of ground due to weightUnable to get off of ground due to weight

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