Grab Warm-up # 9 by the door1. What is indicated when

species have similar traits (ie. embryos, genes, proteins)?

2. What is indicated when species are different, but perform the same function?

• Homologous

• Divergent evolution: closely related species evolving different characteristics (Away from each other)

• Analogous

• Convergent evolution: similar characteristics developing in unrelated species

Evidence for Evolution

• Fossils

• Biogeography

• Embryology

• Homologous structures

• Analogous structures

• Vestigial structures

• Gene comparisons

• Protein comparisons

Evidence for Evolution

• The following are pictures of types of evidence for evolution

• Be prepared to be called on to give the type of evidence shown

Picture Quiz

Picture Quiz

Picture Quiz

Picture Quiz

Picture Quiz

Picture Quiz

Picture Quiz

Picture Quiz

Picture Quiz

Picture Quiz

Picture Quiz

Picture Quiz

Picture Quiz

Evidence for Evolution• Make a claim about the evolution of

a specific characteristic in a species:

• Stating what kind of evidence is being used

• The specific traits of the evidence that are significant

• How those traits demonstrate the claim (specific part of a species’ evolution)

• Homologous

• Analogous

Evidence for Evolution

• Homologous

• Divergent evolution: closely related species evolving different characteristics (Away from each other)

• Analogous

• Convergent evolution: similar characteristics developing in distantly related species

Evidence for Evolution

• Get your packet out

Evidence for Evolution

• Today you are going to demonstrate your understanding of the use of evidence to support evolution through a lab exercise

Cetacean Evolution Lab

• You will be making a claim about Cetacean evolution, observing evidence, and then using that evidence to support the claim that you made

Cetacean Evolution Lab

• Read the lab introductionThere are 8 main categories of evidence for evolution; fossils, vestigial

structures, homologous structures, analogous structures, biogeography, embryology, gene comparisons, and protein

comparisons. This variety of evidence is used to support hypotheses about the evolution of various organisms.

One group of organisms that have a particularly interesting evolutionary trajectory are Cetaceans, including whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Evidence suggests that mammals evolved on land; however Cetaceans are a group of water-dwelling mammals consisting of about 90 species of aquatic mammals. Scientists hypothesize that Cetaceans

are a result of a land mammal evolving into an aquatic mammal.

In this lab you will be presented with pieces of evidence for Cetacean evolution in all 8 categories. You will then use this evidence to support

a claim about the evolution of aquatic mammals.

Cetacean Evolution Lab

• Take your time

• Be thorough; practice USING EVIDENCE to support claims

Cetacean Evolution Lab

• Pre-Lab:

1. What is a mammal?

2. What is a cetacean?

3. What are the 8 kinds of evidence for evolution?

4. Make a claim about the investigative question; in a COMPLETE SENTENCE state whether or not Cetaceans are descendent from land mammals.

Copy data table, get checked off, start lab

Cetacean Evolution Lab

• Data:

Cetacean Evolution Lab

Station Number Type of Evidence

Quantitative Data

(If available, use

units)

Qualitative Data

(If available, be

specific)

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

• Analysis:

1. What evidence could be used to support that Cetaceans are vertebrates (animals with spinal columns)? WHY?

2. What evidence could be used to support that Cetaceans are mammals? WHY?

3. Make a prediction about possible changes to Cetacean anatomy/physiology that could happen within the next millions of years. Use evidence to support your prediction.

4. Support your claim about Cetacean evolution from the pre-lab. Give TWO specific pieces of evidence, and explain what each piece of evidence suggests about Cetacean evolution.

Cetacean Evolution Lab

Cetacean Evolution• Analysis #4

1. Restate your claim

2. One piece of evidence

3. Support that claim with that evidence by:

• Giving the specific significant traits of the evidence

• How those traits demonstrate the claim

4. Repeat