1.to learn the common secondary storage devices and their basic characteristics. 2.to learn the...

1. To learn the common secondary storage devices and their basic characteristics.

2. To learn the common input devices and their basiccharacteristics.

3. To learn the common output devices and their basiccharacteristics.

4. To learn to compare computers by power and use.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

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SECONDARY STORAGEDEVICES

These storage devices arealso Input/Output

devices.

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Secondary Storage Devices

• Secondary Storage Stores large amounts of data, instructions,

and information more permanently than main memory.

Devices for secondary storageMagnetic disksSSD Solid State DisksHybrid: SSD + Magnetic Hard DriveDVD – Digital Video DisksCD - Compact DisksBlu-ray DisksRAID (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks)

Flash memory 22

Hard Drives (SATA)Hard drives

• SATA Serial Advanced Technology

Attachment Transfer Rate (Maximum)

150MB/S TO 300MB/S Capacity (Maximum)

40GB to 4.0 TB TeraByte = 1,000 billion bytes

Access Time Price.

$31 to $159 6-12 ms

Number of Drives Supported One drive per port.

RPM Revolutions Per Minute 5400 to 7,200 (Some, 10,000)

2 MB to 64MB Cache (buffer) 22

4TB

$159

NEWER TECHNOLOGY

http://www.smartcomputing.com/editorial/article.asp?article=articles/archive/l0907/41l07/41l07.asp

Characteristics:•Company: SanDisk•Mostly for notebooks.•32-60-120-240-1,000 GB flash memory•2,000,000 hours (228 years) between failure•Access time: 0.12 milliseconds•Power: 0.4 to 1.0 watts•100 times faster than any hard drive for random access.•5 times faster that any hard drive for sequential access.•As fast as a magnetic drive spinning at 40,000 RPM•Uses PATA and SATA•Cost: 159 (120 GB) and $199 (240 GB)

•Main advantages: Fast, low failure rate, low power requirement, non-volatile, will replace hard drives in laptops, but can be used in desktops.•LATEST NEWS ON SanDisk Drives

Solid State Drives-SSD (SATA)

http://www.i4u.com/article22595.html

Solid State Drives-SSD (SATA or PATA)

FeaturesAvailable in 128GB, 256GB, 512 GB, 960 GB capacities Interface: SATA III Read speed 540 MB/secondWrite speed 410 MB/second Shock Resistant: 1500G/0.5ms Vibration Resistant: 20G/10~2000Hz with 3 Axis Operating Consumption & Power: DC 5V 2.75W MTBF: >2,500,000 Hours Data Retention: 5 years at 25°C O/S Support: Linux, Mac OS X®, and Windows 7 & 810 Year Warranty

128 GB: $99256 GB: $179512 GB: $379960 GB: $569

Price: Sept 2013

Latest SSD: TigerDirect

http://www.tigerdirect.com/applications/Category/guidedSearch.asp?CatId=5298&srkey=ssd

Hybrid Drive (SATA)

Key Features and Benefits

•Boots 40 percent faster than traditional 7200-RPM drives (for overall system performance, that's within 1% of an SSD*)

•Cuts costs by 75 percent compared to SSDs by combining solid state and hard drive technologies

•Delivers the perfect balance of speed and capacity

•Uses Adaptive Memory technology to optimize performance in real time by storing frequently used files and data on the solid state drive component

•Ensures compatibility with any operating system or application with a standard 9.5mm notebook drive form factor and the characteristics of a traditional 7200RPM drive

•Offers all the benefits of SSD performance with the high capacity, storage, battery life, power consumption and heat generation of a traditional hard drive

Price: $129.00

Hybrid Drive Features both SSD and traditional HD

1 TB

http://www.tigerdirect.com/applications/campaigns/deals.asp?campaignid=2535&srkey=hybrid%20drive

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Hard Drives (SATA)

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Four SATA cable connections for connecting drives to Motherboard.

4 drivesmax.

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USB drives (External)USB External Hard drive

• INTERFACE• USB 2.0• USB 3.0.

• STORAGE• 80 GB TO 4 TB

• TRANSFER RATE• 60 MB/S

• PRICE• $159 TO $59

• NEED EXTERNAL TRANSFORMER.• TYPICALLY USED TO BACK UP FILES.

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USB drives (External)USB External Hard drive

• BACKUP WITH NORTON GHOST

• GHOST CAN BACKUP INDIVIDUAL FILES OR THE ENTIRE C: DRIVE IMAGE.• If your C: drive completely fails, using Ghost you can copy the complete C: drive image onto the new drive from the external drive that has the image, and go....Thus, in a few minutes your "back in business."

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Flash USB drives (External)FLASH DRIVE (USB)•STORAGE

•4 GB TO 128GB•USES FLASH MEMORY•IS NON-VOLITLE

•TRANSFER RATE• 14 MB/S TO 30 MB/S

•PRICE• $15 TO $129

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Flash SD drive

$53.00

32/ 64GB Secure Digital (SD) memory card• Great for inserting into SD socket in a laptop and use it as a drive D: • Great as a second drive in laptop.• Uses flash memory technology.• Fits flush into the side of a laptop.

$194.00

DVD Read-Write (DVD-RW)

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4.7 GB

DVD – Digital Video DiskDVD SPEEDS:

•DVD-R/RW (16x8x16x)•DVD-Write 16x, DVD-ReWrite 8x, DVD-Read 16x

PRICE:•$45 to $150

Speed multiplier with DVDs:•x = 1.3 MBps

DVD Read-Write (DVD-RW)

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4.7 GB

Smaller Pits, Narrower Track Pitch InsideOn the inside, a DVD is totally different. Its pits are half the size of CD pits (0.4µm vs. 0.83µm), and it's tracks are spaced about twice as close together (0.74µm vs. 1.6µm). See following image...

CD disk DVD disk650-800 MB

Blu-ray Disc

Blu-ray Disc12x (Write) 2x (ReWrite) 6x (Read)

• Encodeing: MPEG-2, MPEG-4, VC-1• (VC-1: Video Code by MicroSoft)(MPEG: Motion Picture Experts Group)

• Capacity 25 GB (Single Layer)50 GB (Double Layer)

More Information

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VC-1

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG

Blu-ray Disc (BD)

Blu-ray Disc (also known as Blu-ray or BD) is an optical disc storage medium. Its main uses are high-definition video and data storage. The disc has the same physical dimensions as standard DVDs and CDs.

The name Blu-ray Disc is derived from the blue laser (violet-colored) used to read and write this type of disc. Because of the wavelength (405 nanometres), substantially more data can be stored on a Blu-ray Disc than on the DVD format, which uses a red (650 nm) laser. A two-layer Blu-ray Disc can store 50 gigabytes, almost six times the capacity of a two-layer DVD, or ten and a half times that of a single-layer DVD.

The shorter the wavelength, the more data that can be stored in the same amount of space. The wavelength of a blue light laser (Blu-ray) is shorter than the wavelength of a red light laser (DVD).

Input Devices

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Input

Source data automation Capturing and editing data where the data is

originally created and in a form that can be directly input to a computer.

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POINT OF SALE DEVICE (POS)

MAGNETIC STRIP / BARCODE READERS

RFID

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MAGNETIC STRIP / BARCODE READERS

Barcode and Magstrip reader • Reads barcodes• Reads Magstrips• Transmits data using WiFi into a network• The iTouch slides into the scanner unit.• $549 for scanner only. iTouch sold seperately.

Apple iTouchwith barcodereader and mag-strip reader adapter.

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Self-checkout RegisterQuestions:• Advantages• Disadvantages

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TOUCH SCREEN

In the future, what types of interaction withan information system may be possiblefor checking in for a flight at an airport?

Passenger check-in system at an airport.

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TEST FORM SCANNER

Apperson Print Management test form scanner.• Scanner used in this class• Scans test form results directly into a grading package.

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KEYBOARD

Wireless Keyboard

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MOUSE/TRACKBALL

Mouse Trackball

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DRAWING TABLET

Drawing Tablet

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TIME CLOCKEach employee’s finger print is storedon the company computer connected to this time clock. The location of the fingerprint is determined by the employee’s IDnumber. In other words, the address ofthe finger print on the hard disk is theemployee’s ID number.

Operation:• The employee enters their ID number. The

ID number is used to locate the exact locationof the finger print for this ID number.

• The employee places their finger on thefinger print reader.

• The system looks for a match between thestored finger print on the Hard Disk andthe one being read by the reader.Questions:

• Advantages of the system• Disadvantages of the system

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FINGERPRINT SCANNERS

Fingerprint Scanner• $32.00 and up• ID < 1 second

Fingerprint Scanner• $32.00 and up• ID < 1 second

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FINGERPRINT SCANNERS

Say goodbye to password hassles. Now you can log on to your computer and your favorite websites with the touch of your finger, without having to remember all those passwords - simply place your finger on the receiver whenever a password or username is required.

Easy-to-use software makes replacing passwords with your fingerprint a breeze. The Registration Wizard helps you register fingerprints for each user. When you first visit a site that requires a password, just touch the Fingerprint Reader with your registered finger, enter your data, and then click OK. When you browse back to that website, you can simply log on with your fingerprint. You can also use the Fingerprint Reader to quickly switch between Windows user accounts without closing programs and files - and each user's personal content stays personal.

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IRIS ID SCANNERS

IRIS Identification Scanner• $206.00 - $1,300.00• Less than 1 seconds to authorize.• The human iris is absolutely unique, even between twins or an individual's right and left eyes.

MINORITY REPORT

2 min

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Fingerprint Reader Notebooks

FingerprintReader

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Chip Implant in Brain

Mind control chip in monkey’s brain 2 min

Monkey can control a robotic arm using a chip in its brain.

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Chip Interacting with Brain

Chip meets the brain 3.3 min cc

Brain cells can be fused with electronic chips so that the chip and the cells interact.

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RFID (Radio Frequency ID)

How RFID works:• The transponder is energized by the reader. The transponder then sends the reader information that is stored in it, such as a product ID code.

Transponder

Reader

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Mobile-Commerce Payment Mechanism with Texas Instrument's RFID technology.

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Best Buy will start using RFID in January or February of 2006

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Corporations, government to track your every move.New book 'SPYCHIPS' sets out disturbing scenario using RFID technology

Leading Journal on RFID

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© 2005 WorldNetDaily.com "Can a microscopic tag be implanted in a person's body to track his every movement? There's actual discussion about that. You will rule on that – mark my words – before your tenure is over."

– Sen. Joseph Biden, to Judge John Roberts at Supreme Court confirmation hearings, Sept. 12, 2005. Imagine a world of no more privacy, where hidden radio frequency scanners will be constantly pointed at you, wirelessly reading microchips embedded in your clothing, shoes, bank cards and even your own flesh. It's the ultimate in "Big Brother," and according to the explosive new book "SPYCHIPS: How Major Corporations and Government Plan to Track your Every Move with RFID," companies including Wal-Mart, Target, Gillette, Proctor & Gamble, Kraft, IBM and even the U.S. government have all invested in making such a scenario a reality within the next decade.

Know this article

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RFID (Radio Frequency ID)Welcome to the world of Radio Frequency Identification, or RFID, where tiny computer chips smaller than a grain of sand will track everyday objects – and even people – keeping tabs on everything you own and everywhere you go. While it sounds far-fetched and futuristic, it's already here and documented in "SPYCHIPS," written by Katherine Albrecht and Liz McIntyre. These two privacy advocates have uncovered extraordinarily detailed plans to use this new technology to watch U.S. citizens. Revelations in the book include IBM's blueprint for a "Person Tracking Unit" that scans the RFID tags on unwitting members of the public as they move through retail stores, airports, train stations, elevators, libraries, theaters and even public restrooms. They intend to follow your every move.

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RFID (Radio Frequency ID)Nokia is developing an RFID-reader cell phone that could be used to scan people and inventory their belongings as they walk past on the street. Bank of America has cooked up a "Crowd Identification Device" to scan RFID tags on the things people are wearing and carrying to pinpoint, identify and bombard them with targeted audio advertising messages. There is even an RFID armband that delivers a dose of paralyzing medication or an electroshock to subdue individuals. These are just a few of the patents and patent applications revealed in "SPYCHIPS" that major corporations and the U.S. government have planned. The book chronicles efforts to keep these plans a secret, revealing the contents of confidential industry documents and outlining plans to "pacify" the public, co-opt public officials and develop spin to ensure the adoption of the RFID infrastructure.

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RFID (Radio Frequency ID)The book also discusses the industry's more underhanded tactics, like a foiled plot by the Grocery Manufacturers of America to mount a smear campaign against author Katherine Albrecht. As the authors were researching the book, illegal efforts were made by unknown persons to gather intelligence on them, including siphoning telephone records and targeting bank records. Someone even contacted their friends and family to probe for information, the authors say. Hundreds of millions of dollars have already been invested in what global corporations are calling the hottest new technology since the bar code – and billions more are in the balance. Wal-Mart's top suppliers are already on board with RFID tracking, and high-level former government officials like Tommy Thompson and Tom Ridge have joined the boards of major RFID companies. In fact, Thompson, former secretary of health and human services, now sits on the board of the VeriChip human implant company and has publicly suggested RFID implants for us all. "Spychips could strip away our last shreds of privacy and usher in a nightmare world of total surveillance – to keep us all on Big Brother's very short leash," say the authors

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Chip yourself Are we crazy??????????? RFID chips are known to causedeadly cancer in mice, rats,and dogs.

Facial Recognition

29Facial Recognition 4 min cc

DIGITAL CAMERAS

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METHODS OF INPUT TO COMPUTER:•USB•Firewire

Output Devices

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Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Monitor

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Samsung 912T• 19 Inch LCD• 1000-1 contrast ratio (truer colors)

• 250 cd/m2 (picture brightness)•cd=Standard unit of luminance is candela per square meter (cd/m2).•candela= one candles luminance on an area of 1 square meter.

•1280 x 1024 pixels (resolution)•180 degree viewing area•Scanning frequency

•Horizontal 30-81 kHz•Vertical 56-75 kHz

•$129 to $299

More Info

Static Contrast Ratio

Light Emitting Diode (LED) Monitor

31Low power requirement

High Dynamic Contrast Ratio

Latest technology is LED$299.99

Static vs Dynamic Contrast Ratios

Do you ever wonder why the contrast ratios on newer model LCD TV's can vary so much? It's not uncommon for contrast ratios to be 2000:1 and 25000:1 on two HDTV's that are otherwise very similar in their features and overall quality. Why is this?

There are actually two types of contrast ratios and the difference lies in the definitions. Unfortunately not all salespeople and marketers of HDTV's bother to point out which type of contrast ratio is being reported. The first type of contrast ratio, the static contrast ratio, is the ratio of the brightest part of an LCD screen to the darkest part that can be simultaneously displayed on screen. The second type of contrast ratio, the dynamic contrast ratio, is measured by comparing the blackest black of one image to the whitest white of another image at a different time.By measuring the dynamic contrast ratio in such a way that allows for the entire screen to be darker for dark scenes and lighter for light scenes, this allows LCD makers and marketers to claim a larger dynamic contrast ratio. So when you see two otherwise comparable LCD's with contrast ratios of 2000:1 and 25000:1, you now know the larger, more impressive looking number is a dynamic contrast ratio, while the smaller one is a static contrast ratio.

The most interesting part of this is while dynamic contrast ratios can improve the picture quality for scenes that are predominantly dark or bright, the actual reported contrast ratio can't actually be achieved. So don't get confused. Yes, dynamically-altered brightness is a good HDTV feature, just don't base your buying decision on the massive looking dynamic contrast ratio.

COMPUTER PROJECTOR

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COMPUTER PROJECTORS•3 - 8 Pounds• $ 850-$3,500

Laser Printer

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Typical Characteristics:• 600 to 2,400 dpi (dots per inch)• 6 to 30 ppm (pages per minute)• $59 to $399• FAR CHEAPER TO OPERATE

THAN INKJETS.

Wireless Laser Printer

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$99.95 to $149.95

Brother Wireless Laser Printer

InkJet Printer

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• Ink is infused with electrically charged particles.• Ink is heated, ink bubbles form, cool and collapse, shooting ink droplets out the nozzle toward the paper.• The spray is deflected horizontally and vertically by electrically charged deflection plates.

InkJet Printer

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Canon Pixma iP4200

•600 by 600 dots/inch (black&white)•9,600 by 2,400 dots/inch (color)•$59.00-$130•Color speed: 20 pages/min•USB 2.0

MISCELLANEOUSITEMS

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POWER BACKUP

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Power backup system•Used in case of power failure.•Pictured item runs for 16 minutes•$79 to $269.00

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SAMPLE TEST QUESTIONS

1. What item below is true concerning Intel's Core 2 Duo processor?

a. It has one processor.b. It has no L1 cache.c. It does not allow for sharing cache.d. It allows for multi-threaded

applications.

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2. Computer memory labeled PC8400 has a transfer speed of 8.4 MB/s?

a. Trueb. False

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3. Which type of storage is typically the fastest?a. Hard drivesb. DDR3 c. Cached. DRAM

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4. If you were to purchase 100 new computers for your company, which interface technology would you want so that you can expand your computers now and in the future?

a. PATAb. SATAc. XTd. DMAe. Parallel

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5. Your small business has hard drives and you want to create an exact image of what is on those drives on other hard drives. Which product below could you use?

a. McAfee Anti-virusb. Norton System Checkc. Zone Alarmd. Norton Disk Restoree. Norton Ghost

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6. Your company wants to purchase 50 external hard drives. Which interface would you look for this or next year?

a. USB 2.0b. USB 3.0c. USB 4.0d. USB 5.0

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7. Moore’s law states that chip density will double every

a. 14 to 16 months.b. 18 to 24 months.c. 48 to 58 monthsd. 58 to 78 months.

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8. DVDs store more information than CDs because:a. DVDs have smaller pits.b. DVD’s tracks are spaced closer together.c. DVDs can be recorded on two layers.d. a and be. a, b, and c

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9. How fast will this DVD recorder rewrite: 4x2x6x?

a. 2xb. 4xc. 6xd. 2.6 Million Bytes/Seconde. a and d

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10. How fast will this DVD recorder read: 4x2x6x? a. 1.3 Million Bytes/Secondb. 2.6 Million Bytes/Secondc. 5.2 Million Bytes/Secondd. 7.8 Million Bytes/Seconde. None of the above

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11. The type of storage drive most likely to replace the magnetic hard drive will be:

a. Solid State Drivesb. Magnetic TeraByte drivesc. Optical drived. Blue Ray Drivese. DVD high definition drives

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12. What is/are characteristic/s of solid state drives.

a. Faster access than most magnetic hard drivesb. Are not sensitive to vibrations or sudden

movementsc. Lower power requirements.d. a and be. a, b, and c

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13. Intel is currently working on a processor that has a lot of cores. Exactly, how many?

a. 30b. 80c. 160d. None of the above

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14. Your company wants a computer that is not likely to be shut down due to a disk crash. Which technology would be best to accomplish this goal?

a. RAID level-1b. RAID level-0c. SATA (150 MB/S transfer rate)d. E-IDEe. USB 2.0

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15. Which level of RAID allows for both disk mirroring and very fast access?

a. Level 0b. Level 1c. Level 0+1

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16. You need to replace your old CRT monitors. You plan to purchase LCD monitors. What are some of the things you should you look for?

a. High contrast ratios.b. Low cd/m2 values.c. a and b

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17. Copper traces on a motherboard that allow pulses to travel from one component to another is/are called a:

a. route.b. bus.c. wire.d. cable.e. c and d

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18. What is true concerning Level-2 cache?a. It is faster than RAMb. It is located within the processor's

silicon.c. It is typically located next to the

processor's silicon.d. a and be. a and c

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19. Iris scanners can detect differences in identical twin’s Irises?

a. Trueb. False

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20. Which type of disc technology can hold the most data?

a. Blu-rayb. DVDc. CD Rom

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21. DRAM has very small capacitors that must be constantly recharged in order to continuously store a "1"?

a. Trueb. False

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22. If you need to replace a computer monitor, the latest technology with extremely good contrast ratio and low power requirements applies to which type of monitor?

a. LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)b. LED (Light Emitting Diode)c. CRT (Cathode Ray Tube)d. a or c

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23. Which technology is least likely to be around in ten years?

a. SATAb. Firewirec. USBd. PCIe

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24. When looking for a new laptop which processor family would be most current?

a. i3, i5, i7b. Intel core 2 duo familyc. Intel single core familyd. b and c

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25. The i3 has two cores which are threaded. What is the advantage of threading?

a. It allows each core to execute two instructions at the same time.

b. It allows each core to execute six instructions at the same time.

c. It allows each core to execute threeinstruction at one time.

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26. The i3 has two cores and no turbo boost.a. Trueb. False

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27. The i5 has turbo boost and two cores.a. Trueb. False

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28. In general, the i7 has turbo boost and two or four cores.

a. Trueb. False

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29. Which processors below have cores that arethreaded?a. i3b. i5c. i7d. b and ce. a, b, and c

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30. Many current hard drives have terabytes ofstorage. How many bytes of storage is a terabyte?a. 1,000,000 bytes of storageb. 1,000 billion bits of storagec. 100 million bytes of storaged. 1000 million bytes of storage

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31. How many bytes are in a megabyte?a. 1,000,000b. 1,000c. 1,000,000,000d. 1,000,000,000,000

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32. How many bits are in one byte?a. 4b. 8c. 16d. 32

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33. Which hard drive will be faster?a. Access time 6 ms, buffer size 64 MB,RPM 10,000b. Access time 12 ms, buffer size 32 MB,RPM 7,200c. Access time 8 ms, buffer size 16 MB,RPM 5,400

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35. For what does SATA stand?a. Serial Advanced Technology Attachmentb. Serial Adaptive Transfer Attachmentc. Serial Access Technology Attachmentd. None of the above

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36. Typically, a SSD (Solid State Drive) can read data sequentially up to _______ and write data sequentially up to _______.a. 60 MB/s, 30 MB/sb. 540 MB/s, 410 MB/sc. 1,024 MB/s, 135 MB/sd. 2,048 MB/s, 260 MB/s

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37. The latest storage drives are call hybrid. These drives combine what two technologies?a. SSD and magnetic hard drivesb. DVD and Blu-rayc. Blu-ray and SSDd. DVD and SSDe. None of the above

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38. The Hybrid drive boots about how much faster than the typical 7,200 RPM hard drive?a. ~100 percentb. ~90 percentc. ~60 percentd. ~40 percente. ~10 percent

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39. In most laptop computers there is no room for a second hard drive. Most users want someconvenient way to back up their files withouthaving to connect an external device such as a flash drive each time they use their computer.A good solution would be to: Place a 32GB or 64GB Secure Digital (SD) memory card into the Secure Digital slot on the laptop.a. Trueb. False

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40. A single layer and double layer Blu-ray disk can hold a maximum of how may bytes?a. 25 GB, 50 GBb. 10 GB, 20 GBc. 100 GB, 200 GBd. 1,000 GB, 2, 000 GB

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41. An Apple iTouch can be used with an adapter for processing a sales transaction?a. Trueb. False

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42. According to Dr. Scanlan it will be possibleto control electronic devices simply by thinkingabout what you want the device to do. a. Trueb. False

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43. For this class, test froms are scanned byan Apperson Print Management scanner, andthe score is automatically entered into agrading package?a. Trueb. False

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45. What is true concerning the finger print time clock presented in your notes?a. It is a very, very slow device.b. It uses the employee ID as an address for

where the finger print is stored on a hard disk.

c. The employee first enters their employee IDthen places their finger on the reader.

d. b and ce. a, b, and c

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46. There has been a merger of human brain cellsand computer chips so that the cells interactwith the electronics of these chips.a. Trueb. False

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47. If you are in charge of purchasing a largenumber of laptops for your company, a companywhere most employees travel by airlines, you would most likely purchase:a. computers with hybrid disks.b. computers with magnetic hard drivesc. computers with solid state drives.d. computers with a lot of memory.

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48. If you are in charge of purchasing a largenumber of laptops for your company, a companywhere most employees travel by airlines, you would most likely purchase:a. computers with hybrid disks.b. computers with magnetic hard drivesc. computers with solid state drives.d. computers with a lot of memory.

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49. How many hard drives would be necessaryfor RAID 0+1?a. Twob. Threec. Fourd. Fivee. Six

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50. In blu-ray, the “x” multiplier stands for how many bytes per second transfer rate? (12x4x8x).This rate is for Write, Rewrite, and Read.a. 4.5 MB/sb. 9.0 MB/sc. 18 MB/sd. 36 MB/s

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1.to learn the common secondary storage devices and their basic characteristics. 2.to learn the...

Documents

hard drive technologies

traditional hard drive

rpm drives

hybrid drive features

solid state drive component

gb flash memory

hybrid drive sata key

magnetic drive spinning