1st 9 weeks biology i warm ups & vocabularyd. embryos are destroyed when stem cells are obtained...

MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY

8-15-16--?/V 8-16-16--?/V 8-17-16--?/V 8-18-16--?/V 8-19-16--?/V

8-22-16--?/V 8-23-16--?/V 8-24-16--?/V 8-25-16--?/V 8-26-16--?/V

8-29-16--?/V 8-30-16--?/V 8-31-16--?/V 9-1-16--?/V 9-2-16--?/V

NO SCHOOL 9-6-16--?/V 9-7-16--?/V 9-8-16--?/V 9-9-16--?/V

9-12-16--? 9-12-16--V

9-13-16--? 9-13-16--V

9-14-16--? 9-14-16--V

9-15-16--? 9-15-16--V

9-16-16--? 9-16-16--V

9-19-16--? 9-19-16--V

9-20-16--?/V 9-21-16--?/V 9-22-16--?/V 9-23-16--?/V

9-26-16--?/V 9-27-16--?/V 9-28-16--?/V 9-29-16--?/V 9-30-16--?/V

10-3-16--?/V 10-4-16--?/V 10-5-16--?/V 10-6-16--?/V 10-7-16--?/V

1ST 9 WEEKS BIOLOGY I WARM UPS & VOCABULARY

8/15/16 Warm Ups & Vocab

This is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between an organism and its environment. Example: breathing

Suppose that the four species of finches shown below, are all released onto an island in the middle of the ocean. The only species of plant is the betel palm, shown below. The betel palm produces large nuts with a tough outer husk. According to the law of natural selection, which species of finch probably has the greatest chance to survive over the long term?

A. finch species 2

B. finch species 3

C. finch species 4

D. finch species 1

A mountain separates a population of mice into two dis- tinct eastern and western populations. The eastern area is inhabited by owls, which hunt at night. No owls live in the western area. Over time, the eastern population of mice will MOST LIKELY A. Become more active at night

B. Remain identical with the western population

C. Change over time and become less active at night

D. Grow stronger claws and teeth to better fight the owls


This is one of the largest glands in the endocrine system that produces and stores hormones that regulate heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, and the metabolism rate. Example: It is located in the neck.

This Eastern grey squirrel shows melanism, or the increase in black pigment in its fur. What is MOST LIKELY the reason for the change in fur color?

A. With age; this is a very old squirrel

B. Squirrels from another region moved into the area

C. It is a way to help the grey squirrel attract a mate

D. It is a way to camouflage the squirrel in a changing habitat


This is the continuous circulation of water throughout Earth and between Earth's systems. During this movement water can be in various stages.

Example: Lake water evaporating to form clouds is a part of the process.

Sexual reproduction is important for the survival of the species. It is important for ALL BUT ONE of these reasons. That is A. Promotes genetic variability among offspring.

B. Causes new mutations to occur in the offspring.

C. Is necessary for the survival of the individual.

D. Allows larger number of offspring to be produced


This is any functional structure within the confines of a cell; literally a. "small organ;" it usually has a membrane-based structure Example: mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi body, etc.

Which process changes solar energy into organic matter so that it can be cycled through a food chain?

A. Decomposition

B. Photosynthesis

C. Precipitation

D. Respiration


This is a general term that refers to any pattern of inheritance in which traits do not segregate in accordance with Mendel’s laws.

Living cells require constant access to energy in order to remain alive. Which statement BEST describes why cells need a constant supply of energy?

A. Without energy, cells would not be able to access food resources.

B. Without energy, cells would not be able to enter into a state of dormancy.

C. Energy is required to process genetic information—without an active DNA molecule, cells will be unable to function

D. Energy is required in order to maintain homeostasis—without a constant, organized internal state, the cell will die.


A solution that causes a cell to swell because of osmosis. Example: An animal cell placed in an pure water

Which feature is found only in prokaryotic cells? A. Plasmid

B. Flagella

C. Cytoplasm

D. Cell membrane


This is a molecule with a large molecular mass. Many examples come from biology and in particular biochemistry. Example: proteins, starches, lipids and nucleic acids

Suppose a species of nonpoisonous snake is dark-colored, and a species of poisonous snake is brightly colored. Predators recognize the bright colors of the poisonous snake and stay away from it, but they frequently feast on the nonpoisonous snake. Some nonpoisonous snakes, like the king snake look a lot like a poisonous variety. In this case, the king snake looks like the deadly coral snake. The king snake is not attacked by predators and survives. This adaptation which allows for natural selection is called A. Mimicry

B. Evolution

C. Camouflage

D. Variation


This is a genetic disorder that impairs a blood's ability to clot. Example: A person with this disorder would have to be given injections of deficient clotting factor.

king snake

• Red touches yellow, kill a fellow • Red touches black, friend of Jack

coral snake

Which of these is an ethical issue associated with stem cell therapy?

A. Implantation of stem cells into patients is unethical

B. Stem cell therapy involves shutting down the immune system

C. Stem cells are extracted from patients without their consent

D. Embryos are destroyed when stem cells are obtained from them


This is the copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA. Example: DNA and self are types


This is a cell or organism having half of the diploid chromosome number, symbolized by "n". Example: gametes

Out of the following choices, which gamete(s) will result in a zygote that will exhibit monosomy? For this problem, assume that the other gamete contains the normal haploid amount of chromosomes.

A. G and H only

B. A, C and G only

C. A, B and E only

D. C, D and F only


This is the female reproductive cell.

One parrot species that feeds on large seeds nests in the same tree as a parakeet that feeds on small seeds. How are the birds able to coexist?

A. They occupy different niches.

B. They occupy different habitats.

C. They occupy different ecosystems.

D. They occupy different communities


This is the origin of a new species in evolution, there are many different methods by which this can occur. Different species cannot reproduce successfully. Example: Darwin's finches, separated on the islands, eventually changed so much they could no longer reproduce with each other.

Fiona plants some seeds in different pots. All of the pots have the same soil. She gives them the same amount of water and air. Where should Fiona put the plants so that they will make the MOST food for themselves?

A. In a closet

B. Next to a window

C. Covered by a blanket

D. Under a teachers desk

Messenger RNA carries a(n) ___________ of the DNA’s instructions out of the nucleus to the ___________.

A. Exact copy; ribosome

B. Transcript; ribosome

C. Exact copy; mitochondria

D. Transcript; mitochondria


Definition: This is an organism that relies on complex organic substances for nutrition. Example: humans, gorillas

Genetic mutations pass to offspring in gametes because gametes _______________. A. are not germ cells.

B. make up all internal organs.

C. do not divide during mitosis

D. fuse during sexual reproduction.


This is a genetic disorder that impairs a blood's ability to clot.

Example: A person with this disorder would have to be given injections of deficient clotting factor.

The process of respiration is essential in the oxygen/carbon dioxide cycle. Respiration removes ______ from the atmosphere and produces and releases ______ to the atmosphere.

A. glucose, oxygen

B. oxygen, glucose

C. carbon dioxide, oxygen

D. oxygen, carbon dioxide


The process of manipulating the DNA code of living organisms. Example: Gene Therapy, Gene splicing

LaMarck explained the long necks of giraffes by theorizing that they had stretched their necks to reach the leaves of trees, and they then passed on those traits to their offspring. LaMarck's theory was called 'Inheritance by Acquired Traits'. What would Charles Darwin have to say about LaMarck's theory? A. Darwin would’ve agreed completely, since they wrote the theory together.

B. Darwin would’ve agreed and noted that in areas with short trees, giraffes have shorter neck.

C. Darwin would’ve disagreed and noted that giraffes had long necks, solely because of DNA mutations.

D. Darwin would’ve disagreed and argued that giraffes have long necks, because short-necked giraffes were selectively outcompeted for food, and did not survive.


This is the way in which a species' population grow and shrink over time.

All BUT one event would occur during Meiosis I. A. Homologous chromosomes pair up.

B. Sister chromatids divide, resulting in haploid cells.

C. Nuclear membrane form around newly separated chromosomes.

D. Homologous chromosomes are separated with sister chromatids in place.


This is plant or crop that contains a gene or genes which have been artificially inserted instead of acquiring them through fertilization. The inserted gene sequence is known as a transgene and may come from an unrelated plant or from a completely different species. Example: Bt cotton or Bt corn

Fats are broken into saturated fats and unsaturated fats. Which of these explains the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

A. Saturated fats have no hydrogen in the molecule.

B. Saturated fats have more carbon atoms than unsaturated fats.

C. Saturated fats have only single bonds on all the carbon atoms.

D. Saturated fats have only double and triple bonds on the carbon atoms.


Definition: This is an organism which feeds on, but usually does not kill, a larger organism. Example: lice, ticks, mosquitoes

According to Darwin's theory of evolution, which organisms are BEST able to survive in nature?

A. Those with the best camouflage and coloration.

B. Organisms that possess the greatest number of mutations.

C. Those that possess characteristics acquired during their lifetime. D. Organisms that possess overall characteristics best suited to their environment


This is the energy needed to drive photosynthesis. Example: It is not needed for respiration.

In the species of violet Viola granulanica, the allele Y is responsible for pigmentation of the petals and the allele X is responsible for petal shape. The dominant allele Y creates a red pigmentation in the petals, and a homozygous recessive pair of this allele will result in blue petals. The dominant allele X creates pointed petals, and a homozygous recessive pair of this allele will result in rounded petals. If a flower with the alleles YyXX and a flower with the alleles YyXx breed, what percent of the offspring will have blue-pointed petals?

A. 0% C. 33%

B. 25% D. 50%



Some substances can pass through and others cannot. Example:


A population of green iguanas lived on a tropical island. Originally, most of the iguanas had feet without webbing between their toes and a long round tail. A few iguanas had webbed feet and a short, flat tail. As the years passed, the island became smaller and smaller because of flooding. Even the land areas were dotted with ponds and pools. The iguanas had a hard time finding the food they normally ate. To survive, the iguanas had to swim from island to island to find food.

How would you expect the iguanas to look many years after the island flooded and food became harder to find? A. The iguanas will look the same but there will be less of them. B. There would be more iguanas with webbed feet and flat tails. C. There would be fewer iguanas with webbed feet. D. The iguanas would no longer be green.


This is showing possible outcomes, genotypes and phenotypes, of offspring from two parents. This is usually shown using a Punnett square.

Example: A monohybrid genetic cross is a genetic cross where only one gene or trait is being studied: a cross between a tall plant and a short plant. It could be represented as TT x tt. In this case, the genetic cross would produce Tt offspring that are all tall.

The foxglove plant, seen in the illustration, produces very toxic chemicals that can cause serious illness and death in any organisms that eats the plant. Why do scientists think the foxglove plant evolved such powerful poisons?

A. The poisons function to kill invading bacteria and other pathogens that may harm the plant.

B. The poisons maximize the efficiency of the photosynthetic process, allowing the plant to make more food.

C. The poisons discourage any animal from eating the plant, preventing damage to the plant from herbivores.

D. Poisons are likely to be the product of genetic mutations in the DNA of the plant and do not have any useful function.



This is a circular, double-stranded DNA molecule that is capable of independent replication. It usually occurs in bacteria.

Many cactus plants, such as the species shown in the illustration, use a special type of photosynthesis called CAM photosynthesis. This specialized process allows the cactus plant to keep the stoma or leaf openings closed during the day. Most other plant species keep their stoma open during daylight hours. Which is the MOST likely reason that cactus use this special photosynthetic process?

– A. retain oxygen

– B. conserve water

– C. avoid insect predators

– D. conserve energy in the form of ATP



This is a limiting factor of a population in which large, dense populations are more strongly affected than small, less crowded ones.

Example: competition for food and water plant competition for sunlight predation

Giraffes were the subject of debate in the early days of evolutionary theory. LaMarck believed in acquired characteristics, while Darwin believed in evolution by natural selection. Which is an accurate match between the author, and how he would explain the long neck of giraffes?

A. LaMarck believed that giraffes were created with long necks and remained unchanged from their original design.

B. Darwin believed that giraffes could stretch their necks to reach leaves and then pass this trait on to their offspring.

C. LaMarck believed that over time, shorter giraffes were starved out and giraffes with longer necks survived to reproduce.

D. Darwin believed that giraffes with longer necks had a higher survival rate, due to ease of feeding and reproduction, and this is the way giraffes evolved.



This is a type of natural selection that favors one extreme phenotype over the mean or opposite extreme. For example, in the tundra the plants are all low growing. There are no trees

Example:

The chart shows parts of the body at different levels of organization. Which picture can BEST be used to fill in box S?


A. B. C. D.


An element that the main component of atmospheric air and plays an important role in any ecosystem: this is needed by all organisms to form proteins, ATP, and nucleic acids.

Which statement describes asexual reproduction, but not sexual reproduction?

A. New organisms are formed only after fertilization.

B. A single cell will not develop into a full organism.

C. Daughter cells contain half the genetic material of the parent cell.

D. Daughter cells contain the same genetic information as parent cells.


This is the continuous circulation of water throughout Earth and between Earth's systems. During this movement water can be in various stages.

When two solvents are separated by a semi-permeable membrane, water flows from low solute concentrations to high solute concentrations. What would happen if external pressure is applied to the solution with higher solute concentration?

A. The semi-permeable membrane will lose its activity.

B. Water will stop flowing across the semi-permeable membrane.

C. Water will flow more freely across the semi-permeable membrane.

D. The concentration of solute will become equal on both sides of the membrane.


A diagram that shows the biomass of organisms at each trophic level.

It is advantageous for animals that migrate to store energy in the form of lipids rather than carbohydrates. This is because

A. lipids do not form polymers.

B. lipids are more dense than carbohydrates.

C. carbohydrates do not supply energy to cells.

D. lipids weigh less and store more energy (gram for gram) than carbohydrates.


Molecule with partial charges. Mixes with water.

About two-thirds of a cell is composed of water. What is the name of the process in which water is moved into or out of the cell membrane to maintain homeostasis?

A. Diffusion C. exocytosis

B. Endocytosis D. osmosis


A macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, which is used by the body for growth and repair. Example: An enzyme

In order for a population to survive, sexual reproduction must produce

A. more females than males.

B. more males than females.

C. more offspring that can survive and reproduce.

D. a large number of self-fertilized individuals.


An ecosystem dominated by lichens, mosses, grasses, and woody plants. It is generally found at high latitudes. It is described as having a marshy surface where mosses, lichens, berries and low shrubs grow with mucky soil and permafrost underneath. Example: found in the arctic and Siberia

The overuse of antibiotics has led to

A. the extinction of viruses.

B. the extinction of bacteria.

C. new antibiotic-resistant populations of viruses.

D. new antibiotic-resistant populations of bacteria.


This is the generation that produces the offspring.

Which of the following is an example of a naturally occurring catabolic process?

A. DNA replication C. cellular respiration

B. Photosynthesis D. protein synthesis


Changes in the gene pool of a small population due to chance.

What is the anticodon to the DNA sequence CTG ACG TTA? A. GAC UGC AAU

B. CTG ACG TTA

C. CUG ACG UUA

D. GAC UGC AAT

E. AUG ACG UUA


A stacked portion of the thylakoid membrane in the chloroplast. Grana function in the light reactions of photosynthesis.

The selective breeding of wild mustard has _________ and produced at least four other vegetable crops.

A. increased biodiversity

B. decreased biodiversity

C. maintained biodiversity

D. eliminated biodiversity


When collecting data, this is an observation or data point that is numerically distant from the rest of the data.

Genetic drift is the process responsible for:

A. Gaining a new allele within large populations.

B. Gaining a new allele within sufficiently small populations.

C. Losing an existing allele due to emigration.

D. Losing an existing allele due to random sampling.


Structure that forms a strong barrier between the cell and its surroundings comprised of a phosphate, hydrophilic head and lipid, hydrophobic tails.

Which is an ADVANTAGE of sexual reproduction?

A. Two parents are required.

B. Only one parent is required.

C. It leads to genetically diverse offspring.

D. It leads to genetically identical offspring.


This occurs when 2 or more organisms or populations in a community rely or need similar limiting resources. Example: The foxes and hawks living in the same forest both feed on similar prey, such as rabbits, sometimes finding food is difficult.

All of the following pieces of equipment EXCEPT for _____________ could be useful for transfer-ring a liquid from one container to another.

A. Beaker C. Petri dish

B. Funnel D. Graduated cylinder


Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Example: Managing water resources and use so that water is plentiful and clean for use by future generations.

The four organisms illustrated are all capable of various forms of asexual reproduction. What processes, involving DNA and RNA, are necessary for all four of these organisms to successfully make replicas of themselves?

– A. meiosis, replication, crossing over

– B. recombination, replication, cloning

– C. replication, transcription, translation

– D. Translation, transcription, transferal


A compound containing carbon produced by a living thing. Example: Fats, lipids, and carbs

Which of the following is an example of a naturally occurring catabolic process? A. DNA replication

B. Photosynthesis

C. Cellular respiration

D. Protein synthesis


The net movement of water out of or into a cell.

1st 9 weeks biology i warm ups & vocabularyd. embryos are destroyed when stem cells are obtained...

Documents