1r congreso de patagénesis, actas

13
(QYLVWDGHOLQWHUpVUHLWHUDGRTXHYDULRVPLHPEURVGHO&ROHFWLYRKDQPRVWUDGR SRUHOWHPDGHOD3DWDItVLFDVHKDGHFLGLGRHQUHXQLyQH[WUDRUGLQDULDHQOD VHGHGHODFDOOH&DVDQRYDODFRQYRFDWRULDGHO U&RQJUHVRGH3DWDJpQHVLV(OSULPHUKRPEUH¡SOXUDO" /RVWUDEDMRVGHEHUiQWUDWDUODFXHVWLyQLUUHVROXWDGHODVLQJXODULGDGRSOXUDOLGDG GHORVSULPHURVKRPEUHV¢6HHQFRQWUyVRORHOSULPHU KRPRVDSLHQVURGHDGR GHSULPDWHVVLQFRQYHUVDFLyQRSRUHOFRQWUDULRVHJHQHUDURQYDULRVKRPEUHV² \PXMHUHVFDEHVXSRQHU²VLPXOWiQHDPHQWHVROLGDULDPHQWH" 6H DEUH HO SHULRGR GH UHFRJLGD GH WUDEDMRV TXH FRQFOXLUi HO SUy[LPR GH HQHUR D ODV K FRLQFLGLHQGR FRQ OD VREUHPHVD GH OD FDOoRWDGD GRQGH VHUiQ OHtGRV \ SRQGHUDGRV 6H UXHJD SRU HOOR WUDEDMRV FRQFLVRV GH QR PiV GH SiJLQDV R UHV~PHQHV GHO WUDEDMR FRPSOHWR TXH VHUi DVLPLVPR SXEOLFDGR FRPRHVFRVWXPEUHGHO&ROHFWLYR (VSHUDPRVIHEULOPHQWHVXVDSRUWDFLRQHV

Upload: autobombo

Post on 13-Jun-2015

311 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: 1r Congreso De Patagénesis, Actas

����(Q�YLVWD�GHO�LQWHUpV�UHLWHUDGR�TXH�YDULRV�PLHPEURV�GHO�&ROHFWLYR�KDQ�PRVWUDGR�SRU�HO�WHPD�GH�OD�3DWDItVLFD��VH�KD�GHFLGLGR��HQ�UHXQLyQ�H[WUDRUGLQDULD�HQ�OD�VHGH�GH�OD�FDOOH�&DVDQRYD��OD�FRQYRFDWRULD�GHO���

�U�&RQJUHVR�GH�3DWDJpQHVLV��(O�SULPHU�KRPEUH��¡SOXUDO"��/RV�WUDEDMRV�GHEHUiQ�WUDWDU�OD�FXHVWLyQ�LUUHVROXWD�GH�OD�VLQJXODULGDG��R�SOXUDOLGDG��GH�ORV�SULPHURV�KRPEUHV��¢6H�HQFRQWUy�VROR�HO�SULPHU�KRPR�VDSLHQV��URGHDGR�GH�SULPDWHV�VLQ�FRQYHUVDFLyQ��R�SRU�HO�FRQWUDULR�VH�JHQHUDURQ�YDULRV�KRPEUHV²\�PXMHUHV��FDEH�VXSRQHU²VLPXOWiQHDPHQWH��VROLGDULDPHQWH"��6H� DEUH� HO� SHULRGR� GH� UHFRJLGD� GH� WUDEDMRV�� TXH� FRQFOXLUi� HO� SUy[LPR� ��� GH�HQHUR�D� ODV���K��FRLQFLGLHQGR�FRQ� OD�VREUHPHVD�GH� OD�FDOoRWDGD��GRQGH�VHUiQ�OHtGRV� \� SRQGHUDGRV�� 6H� UXHJD� SRU� HOOR� WUDEDMRV� FRQFLVRV�� GH� QR� PiV� GH� ��SiJLQDV�� R� UHV~PHQHV� GHO� WUDEDMR� FRPSOHWR�� TXH� VHUi� DVLPLVPR� SXEOLFDGR��FRPR�HV�FRVWXPEUH�GHO�&ROHFWLYR���(VSHUDPRV�IHEULOPHQWH�VXV�DSRUWDFLRQHV����������

Page 2: 1r Congreso De Patagénesis, Actas

&ROHFWLYR�$XWRERPER��U�&RQJUHVR�GH�3DWDJpQHVLV�

�(O�SULPHU�KRPEUH��¢SOXUDO"�3UHPLj�GH�0DU�����GH�HQHUR�GHO������

��&DUWD� HQYLDGD� SRU� HO� SURIHVRU� $LGDQ� /D)HEHU�� 8QLYHUVLW\� RI� 6DQWD� 0yQLFD��&DOLIRUQLD��'HSDUWDPHQWR�GH�7HRORJtD�\�*pQHUR��D�SHWLFLyQ�GH�/HOL�9RUUDW[HV���'H�OD�WUDGXFFLyQ�GHO�RULJLQDO�HQ�LQJOpV��;DYLHU�2UWHOOV����

4XHULGD�/HOL���OD�SUHJXQWD�TXH�PH�IRUPXOD��VXPDGD�D�OD�EUHYHGDG�TXH�PH�VROLFLWD��PH�FRORFD�HQ�SUHFDULD�SRVLFLyQ�� ,QWHQWDUp� UHVSRQGHUOH��PiV�TXH�EUHYH�� FRQFLVDPHQWH�� FRQ� HO�FRQYHQFLPLHQWR� TXH� WDQWR� XVWHG� FRPR� ORV� GHPiV� DVLVWHQWHV� DO� FRQJUHVR�HQWHQGHUiQ� TXH� FDGD� SXQWR� \� DUJXPHQWR� SUHVHQWDGR� SRGUtD�� \� GHEHUtD��H[WHQGHUVH�HQ�ODUJRV�FDStWXORV�GH�HUXGLFLyQ�VLHPSUH�LQVXILFLHQWH����$�PL� HQWHQGHU�� FDEH�DILUPDU�TXH�HO�QDFLPLHQWR�GH� OD�KXPDQLGDG� IXH�� D� OD� YH]��VLQJXODU�\�SOXUDO��3RU�XQ�ODGR��OD�JpQHVLV�GH�OD�KXPDQLGDG�HV�XQ�DFRQWHFLPLHQWR�LQGLYLGXDO�\�DFDVR�tQWLPR��FRLQFLGH�FRQ�OD�FRQWHPSODFLyQ�SRU�SDUWH�GH�XQ�VHU�GH�VX�SURSLD�PXHUWH��(V�HVD�XQD�FRQWHPSODFLyQ�TXH�FRQRFH�\�UHFRQRFH��TXH�VDEH�GH�OD�PXHUWH�FRPR�DOJR�YHUGDGHUR��H[LVWHQWH��REMHWLYR��HV�HQ�HVH�PRPHQWR��QXQFD�DQWHV�VXFHGLGR��TXH�HO�KRPEUH�VH�KDFH��\�VH�GLIHUHQFLD�UDGLFDOPHQWH�GH�ORV�RWURV�VHUHV��(O�SULPHU�KRPEUH�QR�IXH�RWUR��DVt��TXH�HO�SULPHU�PXHUWR����1R�REVWDQWH��HVD�FRQWHPSODFLyQ�D� OD�TXH�PH�KH�UHIHULGR�UHTXLHUH�GH�RWUR��SDUD�VHU� HSLVWHPROyJLFDPHQWH� REMHWLYD�� +DFH� IDOWD� YHU� HVD� DEVROXWD� FHUWH]D� GH� OD�FHUFDQtD� R� LQPLQHQFLD� R� VRPEUD� GH� OD�PXHUWH� HQ� ORV� RMRV� GH� RWUR� SDUD� SRGHU�FHUWLILFDU��FRPR�DOJR�YHUGDGHUR��H[LVWHQWH�\�REMHWLYR��D�OD�PXHUWH����/DV�FRQFOXVLRQHV�TXH�VH�GHULYDQ�GH�HVWDV�UHIOH[LRQHV�VRQ�QXPHURVDV��FRPSOHMDV�\�XQ�UHWR�SDUD�OD�FLHQFLD�\�VXV�PHWRGRORJtDV��3RU�XQ�ODGR�� LQGLFDQ�TXH�OD�IHFKD�GHO�RULJHQ�GH�OD�+XPDQLGDG�QR�WXYR�UHODFLyQ�FRQ�ORV�SURFHVRV�GH�HQIDOL]DFLyQ��QL�FRQ�HO�YROXPHQ�F~ELFR�GH�OD�PDVD�FHUHEUDO��QL�FRQ�HO�WDQWDV�YHFHV�PLWRORJL]DGR�

Page 3: 1r Congreso De Patagénesis, Actas

PRYLPLHQWR� YHUWLFDO� GHO� UHFLpQ� DGTXLULGR� ELSHGLVPR�� &RQWUDULDPHQWH�� HO�QDFLPLHQWR� GHO� KRPEUH� HV� XQ� SURFHVR� SVLFROyJLFR�� DFDVR� HVSLULWXDO�� VLQ� GXGD�FRPXQLFDWLYR��7LHQH�TXH� OOHJDU�HVH�PRPHQWR��HVD�PLUDGD�TXH�GLFH� µ<R�Vp¶�SDUD�TXH�HO�KRPEUH�SXHGD�WRPDU�VX�QRPEUH��/D�OODYH�D�VX�H[LVWHQFLD�FRPR�KXPDQR��VH�OD�GD�OD�PXHUWH��\�PiV�FRQFUHWDPHQWH�VX�FRQVFLHQFLD����3RU�RWUR�ODGR��VH�SODQWHD�OD�GLItFLO�UHVSXHVWD�D�VX�SUHJXQWD�DGYHUVDWLYD��¢&yPR�VH�SXHGH� GHVFDUWDU� XQR� GH� ORV� WpUPLQRV� �VLQJXODU�SOXUDO�� GH� XQD� GXDOLGDG�FRQFHSWXDO� WDQ�HVWUHFKDPHQWH� OLJDGD�HQ�HVWH�FDVR"�1R�VH� WUDWD� WDQ�VyOR�GH�TXH�QHFHVLWHPRV�GHO�RMR�TXH�YH�HQ�HO�RWUR�RMR�\�TXH�SXHGH�FRQWDU��QR�VH�WUDWD�DKRUD�GH�DIiQ�KLVWRUL]DGRU��QDUUDGRU�R�GRFXPHQWDO��(O�TXLG�GH�OD�FXHVWLyQ�HV�VDEHU�GH�OD� PXHUWH�� GH� VX� H[LVWHQFLD�� GH� VX� YHUGDG�� SRUTXH� HV� D� WUDYpV� GH� HOOD� TXH�FRQRFHPRV�QXHVWUD�YLGD��¢&yPR�OODPDU�µKRPEUH¶�D�XQ�VHU�TXH�QR�VXSR�HVR"�¢&RQ�TXH�DXWRULGDG�R�FULWHULR� WUD]DPRV�XQD� OtQHD�TXH�GLYLGD�D�HVH� VHU� LJQRUDQWH�GHO�SULPDWH� FRQ� HO� TXH� FRPSDUWH� KiELWRV� \� KDELWDG�� DFDVR� PLHGRV� SULPDULRV� H�LQVWLQWRV"�¢<�FyPR�FHUWLILFDU�TXH�HVH�VHU�VXSR�GH�VX�PXHUWH�VL�QR�D�WUDYpV�GH�RWUR�TXH�VXSR�TXH�VXSR"���1R�VH�PH�HVFDSD��REYLDPHQWH��OD�REMHFLyQ�DGXFLEOH��TXH�SXGR�KDEHU�KRPEUHV�D�ORV�TXH�QDGLH�YLR��TXH�VLQWLHURQ�\�VXIULHURQ�VX�PXHUWH�HQ�VLOHQFLR��$XQTXH�SXHGD�SDUHFH�FKRFDQWH��OD�~QLFD�UHVSXHVWD�SRVLEOH��OD�~QLFD�YHUGDGHUD��HV�TXH�SXGLHUD�KDEHU� KRPEUHV� DQWHV� GHO� KRPEUH�� 7DO� FDVR�� QR� REVWDQWH�� PHUHFH� GRV�DFODUDFLRQHV����(Q� SULPHU� OXJDU�� VL� ELHQ� HV� FURQROyJLFDPHQWH�� R� DFFLGHQWDOPHQWH� SRVLEOH� TXH�KXELHUD� HVH� KRPEUH� VDEHGRU� HQ� VX� VLOHQFLR� \� VX� VROHGDG�� QR� OR� SDUHFH� WDQWR� D�QLYHO� DEVROXWR�� 3UHVXPLU� OD� H[FHSFLyQ� HQ� HO� RULJHQ� HV�� HVWDGtVWLFDPHQWH�� XQD�DEHUUDFLyQ���(Q�VHJXQGR�OXJDU��FDEH�XQD�SXQWXDOL]DFLyQ��QR�VH�WUDWD�GH�TXH�HO�RWUR�WHQJD�HO�SRGHU� GH� DVLJQDU�� GH� DGMXGLFDU� HO� VHU�� VH� WUDWD� GH� RWUD� FRVD�� /D� GHILQLFLyQ� GHO�KRPEUH�� FRPR� WRGD� GHILQLFLyQ�� YLHQH� GDGD�� SHUR� HVR� OOHJD� GHVSXpV�� 3DUD� YHUOR�FRQ� FODULGDG�� SRGHPRV� OHHU� HQWUH� OtQHDV� XQ� WH[WR� WDQ� SRFR� VRVSHFKRVR� GH�VLPSDWtDV�SRVPRGHUQDV�FRPR�HO�*pQHVLV�� µ<�SXVR�$GiQ�QRPEUH�D�WRGD�EHVWLD�\�

Page 4: 1r Congreso De Patagénesis, Actas

DYH�GH�ORV�FLHORV�\�D�WRGR�JDQDGR�GHO�FDPSR�¶��PDV�OD�&UHDFLyQ�IXH�DQWHULRU���(Q�FDPELR��SDUD�$GiQ��HO�3ULPHUR��µQR�VH�KDOOy�D\XGD�LGyQHD¶��¢$\XGD�SDUD�TXp"�1R�SDUD�VHU��TXH�\D�HUD��HQ�HVWH�FDVR��OD�H[LVWHQFLD�QR�SUHFHGH�D�OD�HVHQFLD���1R�SDUD�VHU�QRPEUDGR��\D�OR�KDEtD�KHFKR�<DKYp��1HFHVLWy�$GiQ��QRV�GLFH�HO�*pQHVLV��TXH�<DKYp�FUHDUD�D�(YD�SDUD�FRPSOHWDUVH��SDUD�VHU�FRPSOHWR��<�DXQTXH�HO�WH[WR�QR�OR�HVSHFLILTXH�� VH� HQWLHQGH� TXH� (YD�� FXDO� HVSHMR�� IXH� QHFHVDULD� SDUD� TXH� $GiQ�VXSLHUD��VH�VXSLHUD����(YD�� OD� 9DURQD�� OD� TXH� SDUWLFLSD� GH� OD� QDWXUDOH]D� GH� $GiQ� SHUR� HV� RWUR��UHSUHVHQWD� D� OD� SHUIHFFLyQ� PL� SODQWHDPLHQWR�� 6DQ� ,VLGUR� GH� 6HYLOOD� HQ� VXV�(WLPRORJtDV�DSXQWD���

�³(YD�VH�LQWHUSUHWD�FRPR�YLGD��FRPR�FDODPLGDG�R�FRPR�³D\´��9LGD�SRUTXH�IXH�HO�RULJHQ�GHO�QDFHU��FDODPLGDG�\�³D\´�SRUTXH�SRU�OD�SUHYDULFDFLyQ�YLQR�OD�FDXVD�GH�OD�PXHUWH��4XH�GH�FDHU�YLQR�HO�QRPEUH�GH�FDODPLGDG�´�(YD�HV�HQWRQFHV��HO�VtPEROR�GH�HVH�KRPEUH�TXH�SDUD�VHU�QHFHVLWD�VHU�FRQVFLHQWH�GH� VX� YLGD� \� GH� VX�PXHUWH�� IXHUWH� \� ~QLFR� HQ� VX� FRQRFLPLHQWR�� � IUiJLO� \�FRQGHQDGR�HQ�VX�FRQRFLPLHQWR�´�

�(O�SULPHU�KRPEUH�QR� VyOR� IXH� HO� TXH�DEROLy�GH�SULQFLSLR� OD�GLVWLQFLyQ� HQWUH� OR�VLQJXODU� \� OR� SOXUDO� �YiOLGD� H[FOXVLYDPHQWH� SDUD� HVD� HQWHOHTXLD� TXH� OODPDPRV�'LRV�� VLQR� WDPELpQ� OD� GH� OD� GLYLVLyQ� GH� ORV� JpQHURV�� (O� SULPHU� KRPEUH� VH�HQFXHQWUD�HQ�HO� OXJDU�GH�HQWUHFUX]DPLHQWR�GH�GRV�PLUDGDV�\�XQ� VROR� VDEHU��(O�SULPHU�KRPEUH�HV�HO�KLMR�GHO�SULPHU�PXHUWR������

6LHPSUH�VX\R���$LGDQ�/H)DEUH������

Page 5: 1r Congreso De Patagénesis, Actas

�&ROHFWLYR�$XWRERPER�

�U�&RQJUHVR�GH�3DWDJpQHVLV��

(O�SULPHU�KRPEUH��¢SOXUDO"�3UHPLj�GH�0DU�����GH�HQHUR�GHO������

³3DQVSHUPLD�\�SDUWHQRJpQHVLV��R�YLFHYHUVD´��3RQHQWH��0DUWD�3ROEtQ�

���

&DPDUDGDV�GH�OD�2UGHQ�GHO�%RPEtQ��SUHVHQWHV�\�IXWXURV���

0H� HQRUJXOOHFH� \� PH� HQWULVWHFH� D� OD� YH]� YHUQRV� DTXt� UHXQLGRV� GH� QXHYR� SDUD�WUDWDU�WHPDV�FRPR�HO�TXH�KR\�QRV�RFXSD��OD�3DWDJpQHVLV��0H�HQRUJXOOHFH�SRUTXH�YROYHPRV�D�GHPRVWUDU�XQD�YH]�PiV�TXH�VRPRV�KLMRV�GH�OD�PiV�SXUD�HVWLUSH�GHO�'U��)DXVWUROO�\�TXH�VXSXUDPRV�SDWDItVLFD�SRU� ORV�FXDWUR�R�FLQFR�FRVWDGRV��SXHV�VHJXLPRV�UHXQLpQGRQRV�SDUD�WUDWDU�WHPDV�WDQ�SHUHJULQRV��GHOLUDQWHV�\�DEVXUGRV�FRPR�HO�TXH�KR\�QRV�RFXSD��3HUR�PH�HQWULVWHFH�D�OD�YH]�SRUTXH��FRPR�OH�GLMHURQ�HQ� VX� GtD� DO� FDPDUDGD� %XUURW�� DTXt� SUHVHQWH�� ³DTXHVW� WHPD� MD� O¶KH� WDQFDW� MR´��£&RPSDxHURV� \� FRPSDxHUDV�� ¢¢$FDVR� KDEpLV� ROYLGDGR� PL� DUWtFXOR� VREUH� OD�3DWDJpQHVLV�TXH�SXEOLTXp�HQ�HQHUR�GH�������DO�SURGXFLUVH�HO�³GHVRFXOWDPLHQWR´�GHO�&ROHJLR�GH�3DWDItVLFD�WUDV����DxRV�GH�YROXQWDULR�HVFRQGLWH��HQ�HO�Q~PHUR�����GH� OD� UHYLVWD� :RUOG� RI� 3DWDSK\VLFV""� %XHQR�� HVWi� ELHQ�� QR� SDVD� QDGD�� OD�GHVPHPRULD�IRUPD�SDUWH�WDPELpQ�GH�QXHVWUD�HVHQFLD��3UHFLVDPHQWH�HV�JUDFLDV�D�QXHVWUD�GHVPHPRULD�SRU�OR�TXH�SRGHPRV�GDU�ULHQGD�VXHOWD�D�QXHVWUD�FLHQFLD�GH�ODV� VROXFLRQHV� LPDJLQDULDV«�$Vt� TXH�� VL�PH� FRQFHGpLV�XQRV�PLQXWRV�� LQWHQWDUp�UHVXPLURV�OR�TXH�GLMH�HQ�DTXHO�IDPRVR�DUWtFXOR����/D�GLVFXVLyQ�VREUH� OD� VLQJXODULGDG�R� OD�SOXUDOLGDG�GH� ORV�SULPHURV�KRPEUHV�HV�XQD�GH�ODV�PiV�JUDQGHV�IDODFLDV�GH�OD�KLVWRULD�GH�OD�KXPDQLGDG��SXHV�VH�EDVD�HQ�XQD�LGHD�HUUyQHD�GHVGH�VX�SURSLR�SODQWHDPLHQWR��$�OR�ODUJR�GHO�VLJOR�;;�KHPRV�DVLVWLGR�D�XQD�GLVSXWD�HQFDUQL]DGD�HQWUH� ORV�SDUWLGDULRV�GHO�FUHDFLRQLVPR�\� ORV�GHIHQVRUHV�GHO�HYROXFLRQLVPR��VLQ�GDUQRV�FXHQWD�GH�TXH�HVWH�HQIUHQWDPLHQWR�QR�

Page 6: 1r Congreso De Patagénesis, Actas

HUD�VLQR�XQD�HVWUDWDJHPD�SDUD�LQWHQWDU�GHVYLDU�QXHVWUD�DWHQFLyQ�GH�OD�YHUGDGHUD�UHDOLGDG��,PDJLQR�TXH�PXFKRV�GH�ORV�DTXt�SUHVHQWHV�PH�FUHHUiQ�GHIHQVRU�GH�ODV�LGHDV�GH�'DUZLQ��SRU�RSRVLFLyQ�D� ODV�GRFWULQDV�EtEOLFDV��SXHVWR�TXH�HQ�QXHVWUR�&ROHFWLYR�DEXQGDQ�ORV�UHSUHVHQWDQWHV�GH�OR�TXH�DOJXQR�GH�YRVRWURV�EDXWL]y�FRPR�³HO� FODQ�GH� ODV��$V´��HV�GHFLU��DWHRV��DJQyVWLFRV�\�DSyVWDWDV�YDULRV�� £3XHV�HVWiLV�PX\� HTXLYRFDGRV�� (O� HYROXFLRQLVPR� HV� XQD� SDWUDxD� WDQ� HQRUPH� FRPR� OD� GHO�FUHDFLRQLVPR�� £\�PiV�DXQ�WRGDYtD��<� OD�SUXHED�SDOSDEOH�HV�TXH�HQ�HO�VLJOR�;;,�D~Q�VH�FHOHEUDQ�FRQJUHVRV�FRPR�pVWH�SDUD�VDEHU�VL�IXH�XQR�VROR�R�IXHURQ�YDULRV�D�OD�YH]«��&DPDUDGDV��YHR�HQ�YXHVWUDV�PLUDGDV�H[SUHVLRQHV�GH�HVWXSRU�\�GH�GHVFUpGLWR��3RU�IDYRU�� RV� UXHJR� TXH� GHMpLV� TXH�PH� H[SOLTXH� SULPHUR� \� TXH� KDJiLV� HO� 6XSUHPR�(MHUFLFLR� 3DWDItVLFR� Q�� ��� TXH� WDQ� ELHQ� FRQRFHPRV� WRGRV�� ERUUDG� GH� YXHVWUDV�FDEH]RWDV� DFRPRGDGDV� SRU� OD� UXWLQD� WRGR� OR� TXH� RV� HQVHxDURQ� HQ� OD� HVFXHOD� \�VXVSHQGHG�OD�LQFUHGXOLGDG�SRU�XQRV�PRPHQWRV��(O�DOFRKRO�RV�D\XGDUi�VLQ�GXGD��DVt� TXH� EULQGHPRV� DQWHV� GH� LQYRFDU� ODV� GRV� SDODEUDV� TXH� KR\� RV� YHQJR� D�SURSRQHU�SDUD�FHUUDU�GH�XQD�YH]�SRU�WRGDV��R�KDVWD�GRQGH�QXHVWUD�PHPRULD�QRV�DOFDQFH��HVWH�LPSHUWLQHQWH�DXQTXH�IDVFLQDQWH�WHPD�GH�OD�3DWDJpQHVLV��£VDOXG���3XHV�ELHQ��ORV�GRV�SDODEURV�TXH�DTXt�KH�YHQLGR�D�LQYRFDU�VRQ�pVWRV��SDQVSHUPLD�\�SDUWHQRJpQHVLV��6t��KDEpLV�RtGR�ELHQ��SDQVSHUPLD�\�SDUWHQRJpQHVLV��9D\DPRV�SRU�SDUWHV���$� SDUWLU� GH� ORV� DxRV� ��� VH� GHVDUUROOy� XQD� KLSyWHVLV� ELROyJLFD� TXH� FDGD� YH]� KD�WHQLGR� PiV� DFHSWDFLyQ� HQ� HO� PXQGR� FLHQWtILFR� \� TXH� VLHQWD� ODV� EDVHV� GH� PL�GLVFXUVR�� (VWR\� KDFLHQGR� UHIHUHQFLD�� REYLDPHQWH�� D� OD� WHRUtD� FLHQWtILFD� GH� OD�SDQVSHUPLD��TXH�DWULEX\H�HO�RULJHQ�GH�OD�YLGD�HQ�OD�7LHUUD�D�OD�FDtGD�GH�HVSRUDV�\�PDWHULDO�RUJiQLFR�TXH�KDEUtDQ�OOHJDGR�HQ�OD�FROD�GH�ORV�FRPHWDV�R�DGKHULGRV�D�ORV�PHWHRULWRV� FDUERQRVRV��(O� RULJHQ�GH� HVWD� LGHD� OR�SRGHPRV� HQFRQWUDU� \D� HQ�$QD[iJRUDV�� DXQTXH� HO� WpUPLQR�QR� IXH� DFXxDGR�KDVWD� ������ FXDQGR� HO� ELyORJR�DOHPiQ�+HUPDQQ�5LWFKHU�OR�FUHy�XWLOL]DQGR�OD�UDt]�JULHJD�SDQ��WRGR��\�VSHUPD��VHPLOOD��� 3HUR� QR� IXH� KDVWD� ����� FXDQGR� HO� WpUPLQR� DGTXLULy� VX� VLJQLILFDGR�DFWXDO�\�HPSH]y�D�SRSXODUL]DUVH�JUDFLDV�DO�LQIDWLJDEOH�WUDEDMR�GHO�TXtPLFR�VXHFR�6YDQWH�$XJXVW�$UUKHQLXV��3XHV�ELHQ��FDPDUDGDV�GH�OD�2UGHQ�GHO�%RPEtQ��pVWD�HV�

Page 7: 1r Congreso De Patagénesis, Actas

PL�WHRUtD�LUUHIXWDEOH��OD�YLGD�HQ�OD�7LHUUD�HV�HO�UHVXOWDGR�GH�OD�YLGD�H[WUDWHUUHVWUH��XQD� YLGD� H[WUDWHUUHVWUH� TXH� HQ� DOJ~Q�PRPHQWR�GHO� SDVDGR� FD\y� VREUH�QXHVWUR�SODQHWD� \�GLR� OXJDU� D� OD� UD]D�KXPDQD��6L� VyOR� OH\HUD�KDVWD� DTXt� VH�PH�SRGUtDQ�REMHWDU�PXFKDV� FRVDV�� 6L� DOJXLHQ� VH� SRQH� HQ� SODQ� FLHQWtILFR� SRGUtD� DGXFLU� TXH�QLQJ~Q�PDWHULDO� RUJiQLFR� SXHGH� VREUHYLYLU� D� ODV� DOWtVLPDV� WHPSHUDWXUDV� \� ODV�IXHU]DV�LQYROXFUDGDV�HQ�XQ�LPSDFWR�FRQWUD�OD�7LHUUD��D�OR�FXDO�UHVSRQGHUp��£IDOVR��¢$FDVR� QR� KDEpLV� RtGR� KDEODU� GH� ORV� RUJDQLVPRV� OODPDGRV� ³H[WUHPyILORV´��FDSDFHV�GH�VRSRUWDU�FRQGLFLRQHV�GH�UDGLDFLyQ��WHPSHUDWXUD�\�SUHVLyQ�H[WUHPDV��TXH� KDFHQ� SHQVDU� HQ� TXH� OD� YLGD� SXHGD� DGTXLULU� IRUPDV� LQVRVSHFKDGDPHQWH�UHVLVWHQWHV"�7DPELpQ�VH�PH�REMHWDUi�TXH�OD�WHRUtD�GH�OD�SDQVSHUPLD�QR�UHVXHOYH�HO�HQLJPD�GHO�RULJHQ�GH�OD�YLGD��VLQR�TXH�VH�OLPLWD�D�PRYHU�OD�UHVSRQVDELOLGDG�GHO�RULJHQ�D�RWUR�OXJDU��$�HVWR�UHVSRQGHUp��£FLHUWR��3HUR�SRU�HVR�HVFULEt�PL�DUWtFXOR�HQ�:RUOG�RI�3DWDSK\VLFV«��$OOt� DSRUWDED� SUXHEDV�� EDVDGDV� HQ� VHQGRV� HVWXGLRV� GHO� ELRTXtPLFR� 5LFKDUG�/LSRYHW]N\� \� GHO� PHOyPDQR� LQGLR� 5DELQGUDQDK� :LFNUDPDVLQJKH� �TXH�ODPHQWDEOHPHQWH�QR�KH� WUDtGR�KR\��SRUTXH�PH�ROYLGp�GH�KDFHU� IRWRFRSLDV��� HQ�ODV� TXH� GHPRVWUDED� TXH� XQR� GH� ORV� RUJDQLVPRV� TXH� FROLVLRQy� FRQWUD� OD� 7LHUUD�KDFH�PLOORQHV� GH� DxRV�� HO� OODPDGR� EDFKLOOXV� HYDQLFXV� R� %DFLOR� GH� (YD�� IXH� HO�RULJHQ� GH� OD� YLGD� KXPDQD�� ¢<� GyQGH� HVWDED� $GiQ�� RV� HVWDUpLV� SUHJXQWDQGR�PDOLFLRVDPHQWH"� <� DTXt� HQWUD� HQ� MXHJR� OD� VHJXQGD� GH� PLV� WHRUtDV�� OD� GH� OD�SDUWHQRJpQHVLV�� 7DO� FRPR� H[SOLFDQ� /LSRYHW]N\� \� :LFNUDPDVLQJKH� HQ� VX�DUWtFXOR�³:KDW¶V�WKH�OLIH"´��HQ�HO�Q~PHUR�GH�PD\R�GH�OD�UHYLVWD�6FLHQFH�GH�������OD� SDUWHQRJpQHVLV� HV� XQD� IRUPD� GH� UHSURGXFFLyQ� EDVDGD� HQ� HO� GHVDUUROOR� GH�FpOXODV� VH[XDOHV� IHPHQLQDV� QR� IHFXQGDGDV�� TXH� VH� GD� FRQ� FLHUWD� IUHFXHQFLD� HQ�SODWHOPLQWRV�� URWtIHURV�� WDUGtJUDGRV�� FUXVWiFHRV�� LQVHFWRV�� SHFHV�� DQILELRV� \�UHSWLOHV�� PiV� UDUDPHQWH� HQ� DOJXQRV� SHFHV� \�� H[FHSFLRQDOPHQWH�� HQ� DYHV�� /D�SDUWHQRJpQHVLV� IXH� GHVFXELHUWD� SRU� &KDUOHV� %RQQHW� \� -DQ� ']LHU]RQ� IXH� HO�SULPHUR� HQ� GHVFXEULU� OD� SDUWHQRJpQHVLV� GH� ORV� ]iQJDQRV� GH� ODV� DEHMDV�� (V�LQWHUHVDQWH� OD� HWLPRORJtD� GHO� WpUPLQR�� SXHV� SURYLHQH� GHO� JULHJR� SDUWKHQRV��YLUJHQ��\�JHQHVLV��JpQHVLV��JHQHUDFLyQ��� OR�FXDO�TXLHUH�GHFLU��HQWUH�RWUDV�FRVDV��TXH� OD� YLGD� SXHGH� UHSURGXFLUVH� PRQRSDUHQWDOPHQWH� �R�� PHMRU� GLFKR��PRQRPDULWDOPHQWH���\�YLHQH�D�GHPRVWUDU�TXH� OD�9LUJHQ�0DUtD��HQ�HIHFWR��SXGR�VHU�YLUJHQ�\�KDEHU�GDGR�D�OX]�D�VX�KLMR�-HV~V�VLHQGR�FDVWD�\�SXUD��FRPR�PX\�ELHQ�

Page 8: 1r Congreso De Patagénesis, Actas

H[SOLFD�(UQVW�:��+HLQH�HQ�VX�DUWtFXOR�³,QPDFXODGD�&RQFHSFLyQ´��'H�DKt�TXH�HO�SULPHU� VHU� YLYR� HQ� OD� 7LHUUD� WXYLHVH� TXH� VHU� PXMHU� �GH� DKt� OR� GH� EDFKLOOXV�HYDQLFXV��� OR�TXH�VLQ�GXGD�DOHJUDUi�D�QXHVWUDV�FDPDUDGDV�PiV�FRPSURPHWLGDV�GH�OD�2UGHQ�GHO�%RPEtQ����(Q�GHILQLWLYD�\�SDUD�QR�DODUJDUPH�PiV��HO�RULJHQ�SDWDJHQpWLFR�GHO�VHU�KXPDQR�HV�H[WUDWHUUHVWUH��SDQVSpUPLFR��SRU�GHFLUOR�FRQ�OD�WHUPLQRORJtD�FLHQWtILFD�DGHFXDGD��\� OD� IRUPD� GH� UHSURGXFFLyQ� RULJLQDO� IXH� OD� SDUWHQRJpQHVLV�� VL� ELHQ� HQ� XQ�PRPHQWR�GHWHUPLQDGR�GH�OD�HYROXFLyQ�HO�EDFKLOOXV�HYDQLFXV�PXWy�HQ�EDFKLOOXV�DGDQLFXV�\�DKt�VH�OLy�WRGR����(Q�ILQ��VR\�SOHQDPHQWH�FRQVFLHQWH�GH�TXH�QR�KH�VROXFLRQDGR�OD�FXHVWLyQ�TXH�KR\�DTXt�GLULPtDPRV��VREUH�OD�VLQJXODULGDG�R�OD�SOXUDOLGDG�GH�ORV�SULPHURV�KRPEUHV��6L�DFDVR�KDEUp�FRQWULEXLGR�D�FUHDU�PiV�FRQIXVLyQ��DIRUWXQDGDPHQWH��3RUTXH��DO�ILQ�\�DO� FDER�� ¢TXp�VHUtD�GH�HVWDV� UHXQLRQHV�DXWRERPEiVWLFDV�QXHVWUDV� VL� WRGRV�ORV�WHPDV�³MD�HOV�KDJXpVVLP�WDQFDW�QRVDOWUHV´"��

£6DOXG�\�DXWRERPER��FDPDUDGDV��������������������

Page 9: 1r Congreso De Patagénesis, Actas

&ROHFWLYR�$XWRERPER��U�&RQJUHVR�GH�3DWDJpQHVLV�

�(O�SULPHU�KRPEUH��¢SOXUDO"�3UHPLj�GH�0DU�����GH�HQHUR�GHO������

�¢812�29$5,26" ���+LVWRULDV�HMHPSODUHV�TXH�GHVPLWLILFDQ�

OD�6tQWHVLV�(YROXWLYD�0RGHUQD�3RQHQWH��(O�2JUR�GHO�6t�

��8QR��QR�SXHGH�FRQVLGHUDU�FXDQWR�PHQRV�FXULRVR�HO�KHFKR�GH�TXH�HVWXGLRVRV�GH�WRGRV�ORV�FDPSRV�GHGLTXHQ�FDGD�YH]�PiV�WLHPSR�DO�WHPD�TXH�KR\�QRV�RFXSD��(O�HQXQFLDGR� GH� OD� DSHQDV� HQWHQGLGD� \� VLHPSUH� VXSXHVWD� FXHVWLyQ�� GD� YXHOWDV� \�YXHOWDV� KDVWD� OOHJDU� PiV� DOOi� GH� OR� GHVHDGR� OD� PD\RUtD� GH� ODV� YHFHV�� 3HUR� ³HO�KRPEUH�� ¢SOXUDO"´�� WRPDGR� FRPR� LQTXLVLFLyQ�� QR� SXHGH� VHU� VLQR� RWUD� GH� ODV�HVWUDWHJLDV�GH�XQD�SUHWHQGLGD�LGHRORJtD�SDUD�KDFHUQRV�ROYLGDU�OR�PiV�LPSRUWDQWH����/R� SULPHUR� \� PiV� VRVSHFKRVR� GH� OD� SURSRVLFLyQ� HQXQFLDGD� HV� TXH� FDUHFH� GH�YHUER��¢$FDVR�QR�HV�]DILD�XQD�SUHJXQWD�VLQ�YHUER"�$�OD�OX]�GH�TXH�SDUD�FXDOTXLHU�KRPEUH� FRQ� FRQYLFFLRQHV� GH� DOWXUD� PRUDO� HV� FODUR� TXH� ³HQ� SULQFLSLR� IXH� HO�YHUER´�¢SRGHPRV�\�GHEHPRV�FRQILDU�HQ�XQD�SUHJXQWD�TXH�VH�QLHJD�D�Vt�PLVPD�HQ�VX�GREOH�ID]"�(O�YHUER�HV�OD�FRQGLFLyQ�LQGLVSHQVDEOH�GH�WRGR�GLVFXUVR��\�FXDQGR�QR� H[LVWH�� FXDQGR�PHQRV� GH�PDQHUD� YLUWXDO� QR� HV� SRVLEOH� GHFLU� TXH� KD\D� XQ�OHQJXDMH��$~Q�PDV�� Vt� FRQWHPSODQGR� OD� IDWDOLGDG�GH�TXH� HO� GLVFXUVR�QR� H[LVWD��WRGDYtD�GHFLGLPRV�GHMDU� TXH�QRV� VHGX]FD� OD� LGHD�� SRGUtDPRV� HQFRQWUDUQRV�±DO�PHQRV� HVH� KD� VLGR� PL� FDVR�� FRQVLGHUDQGR� OD� SRVLELOLGDG� GH� TXH� KXELHUD� XQ�KRPEUH�SULPLJHQLR�R� IXHUDQ�YDULRV� ORV�SULPHURV�KXPDQRV�TXH� VH�SXVLHURQ�XQ�GtD�HQ�FLUFXODFLyQ�SRU�OD�OODPDGD�7LHUUD��1R�SRGHPRV�HYLWDU�SHQVDU�TXH�HVH�VHU��¢XQR�RYDULRV"��KXER�GH�KDEHU�VLGR�DUURMDGR�DO�HVSDFLR�TXH�OH�WRFDED�KDELWDU�WDO�\�FRPR�'LRV�QRV�FUHy�D�QRVRWURV��D�VX�LPDJHQ�\�VHPHMDQ]D��(VWR�QRV�GDUtD�XQ�SULPHU� KRPEUH� �¢XQR� RYDULRV"�� EtSHGR�� FRQ� VXV� GRV� SLHUQDV�� GH� FROXPQD�YHUWHEUDO� HUHFWD�� GRV� H[WUHPLGDGHV� VXSHULRUHV� FRPR� EUD]RV� \� �VXILFLHQWHPHQWH�DVRPEURVR��XQD� VROD� FDEH]D��(VWi� FODUR�TXH�SUHVHQWDGR� DVt� VROR�SRGtD�KDFHUOR����������������������������������������������������(O�VLJXLHQWH�WH[WR�HV�XQD�YHUVLyQ�DPSOLDGD�GH�OD�FRQIHUHQFLD�LQWHUSUHWDGD�HQ�HO�,�&RQJUHVR�,QWHUQDFLRQDO�GH�3DWDJpQHVLV��FHOHEUDGR�HQ�OD�ORFDOLGDG�GH�3UHPLj�GH�0DU��HQ�%DUFHORQD�HO����GH�(QHUR�GHO�DxR�������

Page 10: 1r Congreso De Patagénesis, Actas

FRPR� SURWRWLSR� H[SHULPHQWDO� R� VLQ� GXGD� KDEUtD� HVWDGR� HQ� SHOLJUR� GH� IUDFDVDU�FRPR�SHUSHWXDGRU�GH�XQD�HVSHFLH��$O�PHQRV�HVWR�HV�OR�TXH�QRUPDOPHQWH�DGXFHQ�ORV� HVWXGLRVRV� GH� OD�PDWHULD� TXH� VH� TXLHUH� FRQRFHU� SRU� HO� QRPEUH� GH� 6tQWHVLV�(YROXWLYD�0RGHUQD�� HO� KRPEUH� KD� GH� KDEHU� HYROXFLRQDGR� SDUD� VREUHYLYLU� D� Vt�PLVPR��1R�REVWDQWH�GHVGH�XQ�SXQWR�GH�YLVWD�SDWDJHQpWLFR�QR�SRGHPRV�PiV�TXH�DERUUHFHU� HVWDV� WHRUtDV� \� FHQWUDUQRV� HQ� OR� TXH�PiV� DUULED� FLWiEDPRV� FRPR� ³OR�PiV�LPSRUWDQWH´��GHPRVWUDU�TXH�HO�KRPEUH�QR�KD�HYROXFLRQDGR�VLQR�TXH�HV�WDO�\�FRPR�QRV�OR�SUHVHQWDURQ�HO�SULPHU�GtD���/R� SULPHUR� D� VXEUD\DU� HV� TXH� ODV� OODPDGDV� WHRUtDV� HYROXWLYDV� FDUHFHQ� GH� EDVH�DOJXQD� GHVGH� HO�PRPHQWR� HQ� TXH� QR� HVWiQ� YDOLGDGDV� GHVGH� OD� H[SHULHQFLD�� GH�PRGR�TXH�VRQ�HPStULFDPHQWH�GHFHSFLRQDQWHV����$� OD� KRUD� GH� GH� PRVWUDUQRV� �VLF�� SUXHEDV� D� ODV� TXH� DFRJHUQRV� HV� PiV�UHFRPHQGDEOH� DWHQGHU� D� QXHVWUD� SURSLD� KLVWRULD�� \� SRU� TXp� QR�� D� QXHVWUDV�SURSLDV� OLFRUHUtDV�� SDUD� HFKDUOH� XQ� YLVWD]R� D� OD� FOiVLFD� HILJLH� GHO� FLHQWtILFR�HYROXFLRQLVWD� 'DUZLQ� HQ� OD� HWLTXHWD� GH� $QtV� GHO� 0RQR� HQ� OD� TXH� EHEH� GH� OD�PLVPD�ERWHOOD�\�SURFODPD�D�WUDYpV�GH�XQ�SHUJDPLQR��³(V�HO�PHMRU��/D�&LHQFLD�OR�GLMR��\�\R�QXQFD�PLHQWR´��(VWDV�OXPLQDULDV�REVHUYDFLRQHV�VREUH�OD�FXDOLGDG�GHO�OLFRU� GHMDEDQ� FODUR� TXH� HO� RWURUD� DFODPDGR� FLHQWtILFR� KDEtD� GLOXLGR� GH\HFFLyQ�HQWUH� ORV� HVFULWRV�GH� VXV� IDPRVDV� WHRUtDV�� \D�TXH�� FRPR�HV� FRVD�ELHQ� VDELGD�� HO�VDERU�GHO�SURGXFWR�EDGDORQpV�DO�TXH�DOXGH�HV�GHOH]QDEOH�\�VX�SRSXODULGDG�VyOR�SXHGH�VHU�GHELGD�D�XQD�FDPSDxD�GH�PDUNHWLQJ�DJUHVLYR�WDQ�PDTXLDYpOLFD�FRPR�HVWD�� /DV� UHJODV� GH� OD� SDWDJpQHVLV� QRV� REOLJDQ� D�PRVWUDU� QXHVWUD� UHSXOVD� DQWH�MXHJRV�GHO�OHQJXDMH�WDQ�SpUILGRV�\�SHUQLFLRVRV�FRPR�HO�TXH�DKRUD�DOXGLPRV��TXH�GDQ� IH� GH� ODV� PHQWLUDV� TXH� TXLHUHQ� KDFHUQRV� FUHHU� ORV� VHxRUHV� GH� OD� 6tQWHVLV�(YROXWLYD�0RGHUQD�����2WUD�GH�ODV�SUXHEDV�LUUHIXWDEOHV�TXH�FRUURERUDQ�QXHVWUD�WHVLV�HV�TXH�HQ�WDQ�SRFR�WLHPSR� VH� KD\DQ� FRQVHJXLGR� ORV� IRQGRV� SDUD� OD� FRQVWUXFFLyQ� GH� XQ� QXHYR�SDUTXH�WHPiWLFR�FULVWLDQR�TXH�VH�SUR\HFWD�HO�SUy[LPR�DxR�HQ�,QJODWHUUD��(O�FRVWH�VHUi� GH� ���PLOORQHV� GH� HXURV�� FRQWDUi� FRQ� GRV� VDODV� GH� FLQH� LQWHUDFWLYR�� XQD�FDIHWHUtD������WLHQGDV�GH�VRXYHQLUHV�\�XQ�HVWXGLR�GH�JUDEDFLyQ�GH�SHOtFXODV��6H�SUHJXQWDUiQ�WDO�YH]�¢SDUD�TXp"�/D�UHVSXHVWD�QRV�OD�GD�-DFN�)LVKHU��SURPRWRU�\�

Page 11: 1r Congreso De Patagénesis, Actas

ILOiQWURSR�� ³/D� HYROXFLyQ� VH� KD� FRQYHUWLGR� IDOVDPHQWH� HQ� HO� SLODU� GH� QXHVWUD�VRFLHGDG�\�QHFHVLWDPRV�HO�HVWXGLR�GH� WHOHYLVLyQ�SDUD�GHIHQGHU�HO�*pQHVLV�D� OR�ODUJR�GHO�SDtV�\�DVt�HOLPLQDU�OD�IDOVHGDG�TXH�KR\�HVWi�GHVWUX\HQGR�ORV�SLODUHV�GH�OD�,JOHVLD´��¢$FDVR�HV�IDOVR�TXH�ORV�FLPLHQWRV�VREUH�ORV�TXH�HVWi�FRQVWUXLGD�OD�QXHYD� LJOHVLD� VRQ�PHQRV� UHVLVWHQWHV�TXH� ORV�GH� DQWDxR"�3RQJDPRV� OD� YLVWD� HQ�XQD� LJOHVLD� URPiQLFD� GH� 7D�OO�� SRU� HMHPSOR� \� FRPSDUpPRVOD� FRQ� XQD�FRQVWUXFFLyQ� PRGHUQD� FRPR� OD� 6DJUDGD� )DPLOLD� GH� %DUFHORQD�� ¢(V� TXH� QR�TXHGD�SDWHQWH�TXH�HVD�SUHWHQGLGD�HYROXFLyQ�QR�H[LVWH"���(VWDV� HVFODUHFHGRUDV�GHFODUDFLRQHV�GH�QXHVWUR�SURPRWRU� HVWiQ� HQ� FRQVRQDQFLD�GLUHFWD� FRQ� ORV� WpUPLQRV� HQ� ORV� TXH� VH� H[SUHVD� RWUD� HPLQHQFLD� HQ� HO� WHPD��$OH[DQGHU�&KULVWLDQ�<RUN��FUH\HQWH�FRQYLFWR�GH����DxRV��QDWXUDO�GH� ,QJODWHUUD�SURWDJRQLVWD� GH� RWUD� KLVWRULD� TXH� HMHPSOLILFD� QXHVWUD� WHVLV�� (V� pVWH� XQ�HVWUHPHFHGRU� VXFHVR�TXH�KD�PDQFKDGR� ODV�SiJLQDV�GH� ORV�GLDULRV� HVWRV�GtDV� \�TXH� PH� YHR� REOLJDGR� D� FLWDU� HQ� FRQH[LyQ� FRQ� QXHVWUDV� GLVHUWDFLRQHV� GH� KR\��/DPHQWDEOHPHQWH�HVWH�PiUWLU�GH�OD�FDXVD�SDWDJHQpWLFD�WHQGUi�TXH�HQIUHQWDUVH�D�FLQFR� DxRV� GH� SUHVLGLR� SRU� HO� LQRFHQWH� KHFKR� GH� TXHUHU� H[SUHVDU� VX� SDUHFHU�OLEUHPHQWH� \� VLQ� TXH� QLQJXQD� YR]� SHUVLVWLHUD� HQ� OOHYDUOH� OD� FRQWUDULD�� (O� 6U��&KULVWLDQ�GHIHQGtD�QXHVWUD�FRQYLFFLyQ�HQ�TXH�HO�KRPEUH�VROR�SXGR�VHU�VLQJXODU�DQWH� VXV�QXHYRV� DPLJRV��XQD�SDUHMD�GH�ELRPpGLFRV�TXH�KDEtD� FRQRFLGR� HQ�XQ�FDPSLQJ�GH�1XHYD�*DOHV�GHO�6XU��HO�'U��5XGL�%RD�\�OD�'UD��%URZQ��$O�SDUHFHU�ORV�FLHQWtILFRV�KDEtDQ�EHELGR�GHPDVLDGR�GHO�DQtV�GHO�PDHVWUR�\�VH�FRQIXQGtDQ��D�OD�YH]�TXH�TXHUtDQ�FRQIXQGLU�DO�6U��&KULVWLDQ��FRQ�VXV�WHRUtDV��OOHJDQGR�D�DVFHQGHU�VX�DJUHVLYLGDG�\�D�DEXVDU�GH� VX� VXSHULRULGDG�QXPpULFD�SDUD� LQWHQWDU�JDQDU� OD�EDWDOOD� GLDOpFWLFD� D� FXDOTXLHU� FRVWH�� 3HUR� QXHVWUR� DGPLUDGR� FRPSDxHUR� QR� VH�GHMy� HQJDxDU�� QR�� (QIUtR� VXV� SHQVDPLHQWRV� \� GHFLGLy� LQYLWDU� D� VXV� QXHYRV�DPLJRV�D�FHQDU�SDVWD�ERORxHVD�FRPR�PXHVWUD�GH�FRQFRUGLD�SRUTXH�VyOR�TXLHQ�DFW~D�FRQ�OD�FRQFLHQFLD�OLPSLD�QR�VH�DUUHSLHQWH�GH�VXV�DFFLRQHV��)XH�DOOt�TXH�ORV�ODGLQRV�FLHQWtILFRV�SHUVLVWLHURQ�HQ�VX�REVWLQDGD�FUX]DGD�LQWHJULVWD�H�LQWHQWDURQ�GH�QXHYR�SHUVXDGLUOH�SDUD�TXH�VH�XQLHUD�D�VX�FUHGR�FRQ�H[SOLFDFLRQHV�DEVWUDFWDV�\� DEVXUGD� SDODEUHUtD� UDFLRQDOLVWD�� ³+HFKRV�� QR� SUXHEDV´�� FRQWHVWy� QXHVWUR�FRPSDxHUR�LPSDVLEOH�DQWH�ORV�DWDTXHV��3HUR�DO�SDUHFHU�ORV�FLHQWtILFRV�D~Q�WHQtDQ�XQD� DUWLPDxD� PiV� SDUD� KDFHUOH� SHUGHU� ORV� HVWULERV�� OH� DVHJXUDURQ�FLHQWtILFDPHQWH�TXH� OD�VDOVD�ERORxHVD�QR� OOHYDED�FDUQH�VDELHQGR�TXH�HVR�KDUtD�

Page 12: 1r Congreso De Patagénesis, Actas

H[SORWDU� VX� UDFLRQDOLGDG�� (O� 6U�� &KULVWLDQ� QR� VH� SXGR� FRQWHQHU� \� D� OD� YR]� GH�¢DKRUD� TXp� XQR� RYDULRV"� DJDUUy� HO� FXFKLOOR� GH� FRFLQD� SDUD� GHIHQGHUVH�� TXH�DFDEy�LQFRPSUHQVLEOHPHQWH�DORMDGR�HQ�OD�JDUJDQWD�GHO�ELRPpGLFR���)XHQWHV�SROLFLDOHV�YHULILFDQ�TXH�HO�6U��%RD�KDEtD�DELHUWR�XQD�ERFD�HQRUPH�D� OD�SULPHUD�YLVLyQ�GHO�FXFKLOOR�\�TXH�IXH�pO�PLVPR�TXLHQ�VH�DEDODQ]y�VREUH�HO�DUPD�SURYRFiQGRVH� OD�PXHUWH��2WUDV� IXHQWHV�QR�RILFLRVDV�SHUVHYHUDQ�HQ�TXH�JUXSRV�HYROXFLRQLVWDV� KDQ� SUHVLRQDGR� D� ORV� MXHFHV� SDUD� FRQVHJXLU� OD� VHQWHQFLD� GH�DVHVLQDWR� HQ� SULPHU� JUDGR�� 'HVGH� DTXt� QR� SRGHPRV� VLQR� PRVWUDU� QXHVWUD�UHSXOVD�DQWH�KHFKRV�FRPR�pVWH�\�DQLPDURV�D�WRGRV� ORV�DPDQWHV�GH� OD�YHUGDG�D�XQLURV�DO�FRPLWp�GH�GLVROXFLyQ�GHO�MXUDGR�GH�ORV�3UHPLRV�'DUZLQ�TXH�DGHPiV�GH�HVWR�� SUHWHQGH�� FRQ� WRWDO� LPSXQLGDG� FRQFHGHU� XQD� FRQGHFRUDFLyQ� D� WDPDxD�IHORQtD�HYROXFLRQLVWD�D� WUDYpV�GH� OD�FDQGLGDWXUD�GHO�6U��%RD�D�PXHUWH�HVW~SLGD�GHO�DxR��2V�LQVWDPRV�D�YRWDU��VL��HV�TXH�WHQpLV�GHUHFKR�D�KDFHUOR��D�XQ�FDQGLGDWR�PiV� DGHFXDGR� FRPR� QRV� SDUHFH� HO� FUHDFLRQLVWD� /DUU\� :DOWHUV� FRQ� FX\D�LQVWUXFWLYD�KLVWRULD��TXH�PXHVWUD�XQD�YH]�PiV�TXH�HO�KRPEUH�QR�SXGR�VHU�³XQR�RYDULRV´� VLQR� VyOR� VLQJXODU�� GDUHPRV� SRU� ILQDOL]DGR� HO� GHEDWH� GH� XQD� YH]� SRU�WRGDV�� (O� FUHDFLRQLVWD� /DUU\�:DOWHUV� WHQtD� HO� VXHxR� GH� HQWUDU� HQ� HO� FXHUSR� GH�DYLDFLyQ� GHO� HMpUFLWR� GH� ORV� (VWDGRV�8QLGRV� SHUR� XQD� REHVLGDG�PyUELGD� VH� OR�LPSHGtD��1R�REVWDQWH�QR�TXLVR�UHQXQFLDU�D�OD�LOXVLyQ�GH�WRFDU�ODV�QXEHV�DVt�TXH�LGHy�XQD�HVSHFLH�GH�DXWRGLULJLGR�SDUD�KDFHUOR�UHDOLGDG��3DUD�OHYDQWDU�VX�SHVR�GH�����OLEUDV�GHFLGLy�DWDU�����JORERV�GH�KHOLR�D�VX�VLOOD�GH�MDUGtQ�IDYRULWD�\�KDFHU�DFRSLR�GH�GRV�SDFNV�GH�FHUYH]D�SDUD�HO� WUD\HFWR�\�XQ�IXVLO�GH�DLUH�FRPSULPLGR�FRQ� HO� TXH� SUHWHQGtD� HPSUHQGHU� OD� EDMDGD� KDFLHQGR� H[SORWDU� XQR� D� XQR� ORV�JORERV�� 'HVDIRUWXQDGDPHQWH� HO� FUHDFLRQLVWD� /DUU\�:DOWHUV� QR� KDEtD� SUHVWDGR�GHPDVLDGD� DWHQFLyQ� D� ODV� PDWHULDV� GH� ItVLFD� \� TXtPLFD� SRU� FRQVLGHUDUODV�VXSHUIOXDV�SDUD�VX�IRUPDFLyQ��1R�SXGR�SXHV�KDFHU�ORV�FiOFXORV�DGHFXDGRV�SDUD�WDO�HMHUFLFLR�\�FXDQGR�GHVOLJy�VX�VLOOD�GH�OD�FXHUGD�TXH�OD�PDQWHQtD�DQFODGD�YLR�FRQ�HVWXSRU�FRPR�VX�DUWHIDFWR�VH�HOHYDED�HQ�XQRV�VHJXQGRV�D�XQD�DOWXUD�GH���NLOyPHWURV��(O� FUHDFLRQLVWD�/DUU\�:DOWHUV�� SDUDOL]DGR�SRU� OD� FRQJRMD�� QR�SXGR�DWUHYHUVH�D�KDFHU�YDOHU�VX�SODQ�GH�GHVFHQVR��\D�TXH��DXQTXH�PDO�HVWXGLDQWH�GH�FLHQFLDV�� HUD� FRQVFLHQWH� GH� TXH� XQ� GLVSDUR� DO� JORER� HTXLYRFDGR� SRGUtD�GHVHTXLOLEUDU� VX� GHVFRPSHQVDGR� SHVR�� 6LQ� HPEDUJR� HO� FUHDFLRQLVWD� /DUU\�:DOWHUV�WHQtD�IH�HQ�OD�SURYLGHQFLD�\�HVR�IXH�OR�TXH�OH�VDOYy��&RQ�OD�WUDQTXLOLGDG�

Page 13: 1r Congreso De Patagénesis, Actas

GH�ORV�TXH�VDEHQ�OD�LPSRVLELOLGDG�GH�FDPELDU�ORV�DOWRV�GHVLJQLRV�GLVIUXWy�GH�VXV�GRV� SDFNV� GH� FHUYH]D� \� GHDPEXOy� GXUDQWH� ��� KRUDV� SRU� HO� HVSDFLR� DpUHR�DPHULFDQR�KDVWD�TXH�IXH�UHFRJLGR�SRU�XQ�KHOLFySWHUR�GHO�HMpUFLWR�GH�VDOYDFLyQ��8QD� YH]� HQ� WLHUUD�� HO� FUHDFLRQLVWD� /DUU\� :DOWHUV� YLR� FRPSOHWDGR� VX� VXHxR�FXDQGR� ODV� DXWRULGDGHV� OH� KLFLHURQ� SDJDU� XQD�PXOWD� GH� ����������SRU� YXHOR�WHPHUDULR�� (V� LQWHUHVDQWH� KDFHU� QRWDU� TXH� DXQTXH� HO� KHFKR� WXYR� OXJDU� KDFH�FLQFR�DxRV�� HO� FUHDFLRQLVWD�/DUU\�:DOWHUV�KD� IDOOHFLGR�HVWH�DxR�D� FDXVD�GH�XQD�LQJHVWD�H[FHVLYD�GH�JUDVDV�VDWXUDGDV��OR�FXDO�GDGD�VX�PXHUWH�VLQ�GHVFHQGHQFLD��QR� FUHHPRV� TXH� VHD� yELFH� SDUD� LQYDOLGDU� VX� FDQGLGDWXUD�� VLQR� TXH� HV�PiV�� OR�UHDILUPD�FRPR�SULPHU�FDQGLGDWR�DO�SUHPLR�'DUZLQ����&RPR�SRGHPRV�YHU��KLVWRULDV�HMHPSODUHV�FRPR�OD�GHO�FUHDFLRQLVWD�/DUU\�:DOWHUV�\�FDQGLGDWXUDV�FRPR�OD�GHO�6U��%RD�DO�FLWDGR�SUHPLR��QR�KDFHQ�VLQR�DFHQWXDU�OD�QHFHVLGDG� GH� DFDEDU� FRQ� ODV� HVWDIDV� GHO� OHQJXDMH� FRQ� ODV� TXH� QRV� SUHWHQGHQ�PDQLSXODU�ORV�VLFDULRV�GHO�HYROXFLRQLVPR��1XHVWUD�UHDFFLyQ�QR�SXHGH�VLQR�VHU�OD�GHO�FRQWUDDWDTXH�\�IRUXPV�FRPR�HO�GH�KR\��FRQJUHVRV�FRPR�HVWH��VRQ�VLQ�GXGD�HO�OXJDU�LGyQHR�SDUD�UHSHOHU�OD�IDODFLD�HQ�OD�TXH�QRV�TXLHUHQ�VXPLU�ORV�VHxRUHV�GH�OD�6tQWHVLV��$�PL�SDUHFHU� FRPR�VXSRQJR�TXH�SDUD� WRGR�HO�TXH�KD\D� VHJXLGR� OD�GLVHUWDFLyQ� TXHGD� SDWHQWHPHQWH� FODUD� OD� VLQJXODULGDG� GHO� FDVR�� 3RU� HOOR��DWHQGLHQGR� D� WRGRV� HVWRV� GDWRV�� \� WHQLHQGR� HQ� FXHQWD� TXH� HQ� HVWD� SUHWHQGLGD�FXHVWLyQ�VH�KD�ROYLGDGR�GHVGH�XQ�SULQFLSLR�DO�JpQHUR�IHPHQLQR��DVt�FRPR�TXH�D�OD�SULPHUD�PXMHU�TXH�FRQRFHQ�ODV�6DJUDGDV�(VFULWXUDV�VH�OD� OODPD�(YD��SHUR�DO�VHU� KXPDQR� PiV� SUHWpULWR� HQFRQWUDGR� SRU� OD� FLHQFLD� VH� OH� OODPD� /XF\�� D� OD�SUHJXQWD� ³HO� SULPHU� KRPEUH� ¢SOXUDO"´� GHEHPRV� UHVSRQGHU� ILQDOPHQWH� FRPR�KL]R�QXHVWUR�YDOLHQWH�FRPSDxHUR�&KULVWLDQ�<RUN��³¢XQR�RYDULRV"´��

��������

��FROHFWLYR�DXWRERPER�