1perkembangan mikrobio 2010.ppt

8/19/2019 1perkembangan mikrobio 2010.ppt

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YourLecture

YUSMANIAR

S1 FARMASI UNAND 1991

APT, UI 1992

S2 BIOMEDIK UI 2008

Microbiolog y


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Sejarah mikr!i"#i

Se" !ak$eri

N%$ri&i ' (er$%m!%ha) Mi*r!ia" #e)e$i*

F"ra )rma"

Pa$#e)e&i$a& Pe)#e)+a"ia) mikr!a

ir"#i

Mik"#i Pr$-"#i

.e"mi)$h"#i


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Referensi

Mikr!i"#i +a&ar /%($e

Da&ar+a&ar Mikr!i"#i /Pe"*har&

Mikr!i"#i /a3e$& Mikr!i"#i "ai)"ai)


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Microbial World and You


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Microorganisms – Protists,

Bacteria and Viruses


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What is Microbiology?

Mi*r $ &ma"" $ !e &ee) 3i$h $he )ake+

e4e

Bi "i5e

"#4 &$%+4 5


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Organisms included in the study ofMicrobiology

16 Ba*$eria 26 Pr$-a)&

76 A"#ae

6 Para&i$e&

6 Yea&$& a)+ M"+& F%)#i

:6 ir%&e&

Ba*$eri"#4 Pr$-"#4

Ph4*"#4

Para&i$"#4

M4*"#4

ir"#4

Microorganisms - Microbes - Germs

Mikroorganisme – mikroba - kuman


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Microbes Benet Humans

1.Bacteria are primary decomposers

re*4*"e )%$rie)$& !a*k i)$ $he e);ir)me)$


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3. Microbes are used to produce Antibiotics

Pe)i*i""i)

M"+ Penicillium notatum

1928 A"e?a)+er

F"emi)#


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4. Bacteria synthesie chemicalsthat our body needs! but cannot

synthesie E?am("e@ E. coli B ;i$ami)& 5r me$a!"i&m

i$ami) K !"+ *"$$i)#

Escherichia coli Dr6 E&*heri*h

")


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". Biochemistry andMetabolism er4 &im("e &$r%*$%re

ra(i+ ra$e 5 re(r+%*$i)

(r;i+e& i)&$a)$C +a$a


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#. Microbial $ntagonism

O%r )rma" mi*r!ia" 5"ra (re;e)$& ($e)$ia"

(a$h#e)& 5rm #ai)i)# a**e&& $ %r !+4


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%. &nsect 'est (ontrol

U&i)# !a*$eria $ *)$r" $he #r3$h 5 i)&e*$&

Bacillus thuringiensis *a$er(i""ar&

!""3rm&

*r) !rer&


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). Bioremediation

U&i)# mi*r!e& $ *"ea) %( (""%$a)$& a)+

$?i* 3a&$e&

E??) a"+e- 1989

2 e)era Pseudomonas sp.

Bacillus sp.


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*. Recombinant +,$-echnology

ene -hera/yenetic 0ngineering

Ba*$eria *a) !e ma)i(%"a$e+ $ (r+%*e

e)-4me& a)+ (r$ei)& $he4 )rma""4 3%"+

)$ (r+%*e I)&%"i)

.%ma) r3$h .rm)e I)$er5er)


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12. Microbes form the basisof the food chain Mari)e a)+ 5re&h 3a$er mi*rr#a)i&m&


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Harmful 03ects

a%&e +i&ea&e

F+ &(i"a#e


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P)e%m)ia >h(i)# %#h

B$%"i&m T4(hi+ Fe;er Mea&"e&

h"era S*ar"e$ Fe;er M%m(&

S4(hi"i& )rrhea .er(e& 1

h"am4+ia T%!er*%"&i& .er(e& 2

Me)i)#i$i& Te$a)%& RMS

S$re( Thra$ 4me Di&ea&e AIDS

B"a*k P"a#%e Diarrhea a)#re)e

GO TO


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'ioneers of Microbiology

R!er$ .ke, UK


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A)$h)4 ;a) ee%3e)hek, DE


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%i& Pa&$e%r


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&e(h i&$er, UK


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och5s 'ostulates

The &(e*i5i* *a%&a$i;e a#e)$ m%&$ !e 5%)+ i) e;er4*a&e 5 $he +i&ea&e6

The +i&ea&e r#a)i&m m%&$ !e i&"a$e+ 5rm $he

"e&i)& 5 $he i)5e*$e+ *a&e a)+ mai)$ai)e+ i) (%re

*%"$%re6 The (%re *%"$%re, i)*%"a$e+ i)$ a &%&*e($i!"e r

e?(erime)$a" a)ima", &h%"+ (r+%*e $he &4m($m& 5

$he +i&ea&e6

The &ame !a*$eri%m &h%"+ !e rei&"a$e+ i) (%re

*%"$%re 5rm $he i)$e)$i)a""4 i)5e*$e+ a)ima"6


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Branches of Microbiology

Ba*$eri"#4@ &$%+4 5 !a*$eria M4*"#4@ &$%+4 5 5%)#i Imm%)"#4@ &$%+4 5 imm%)i$4

Edward Jenner, UK@ +e;e"(e+ ;a**i)a$i)


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Para&i$"#4@ &$%+4 5 (r$-a a)+ (ara&i$i*

3rm&

hem$hera(4 Trea$me)$ 5 +i&ea&e !4 %&i)# *hemi*a" mea)&

A)$i!i$i*& (r+%*e+ )a$%ra""4

S4)$he$i* +r%#&

au! Ehr!ich


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hem$hera(4 A"e?a)+er F"emi)#, S*$"a)+


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Re*m!i)a)$ DNA Te*h)"#4

Re*m!i)a)$ DNA e)e$i* e)#i)eeri)#L!i$e*h)"#4 Mi*r!ia" #e)e$i*& / me*ha)i&m !4 3hi*h

mi*r!e& i)heri$ #e)e&

M"e*%"ar !i"#4 / &$r%*$%re a)+ 5%)*$i)


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Bi$e*h)"#4 MO&LEM& 5r i)+%&$ria", (harma*e%$i*a" a)+

a#ri*%"$%ra" a(("i*a$i)&

Im(r;eme)$& 5 a#ri*%"$%re


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Gene Splicing – or Recombinant DNA

Bacteria can contain

Plasmids, which are circularpieces o DNA! "Bacteriadon#t ha$e nuclei!%

Pieces o DNA with desiredcharacteristics can be obtained! "eg!

DNA which directs the production ohuman insulin


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A plasmid is &cut' usingan en()me!

Desired DNA is insertedinto the plasmid!

*t is &glued' bac+together!

he plasmid is insertedinto a host bacteria!

he host bacteriareproduce and the

ospring contain theinserted DNA "eg! toma+e human insulin etc!%


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06/ression of cloned genes in bacteria


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Anton van Leeuwenhoek 1674

- 1st person to actua! see iving microorganisms

"wee animacues#


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7/ontaneous eneration

Ther4 $ha$ "i5e j%&$ &()$a)e%&"4C

+e;e"(e+ 5rm ))"i;i)# ma$$er

E?am("e@ $a+&, &)ake& a)+ mi*e mi&$ &i"

5"ie& a)+ ma##$& ma)%re a)+ +e*a4i)# 5"e&h


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06/eriments to dis/ro8e7/ontaneous eneration

Fra)*e&* Re+i 1::8

R%+"(h ir*h3 188 Ther4 5 Bi#e)e&i&

e""& *a) )"4 ari&e 5rm (ree?i&$i)# *e""&

%i& Pa&$e%r 18:1


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$asteur %esigne% specia "swan-necke% &asks#

with a boie% meat in&usion

'hape o& &ask aowe% air in (vita &orce) but trappe%

%ust partices which ma! contain microbes


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(e)em% $ah%) (e)4aki$ A#e) i)5ek&i

R!er$ K*h 18: a)$hra? B. anthracis

A"!er$ Nei&&er 189 O Neisseria gonorrhoeae

har"e& "a;era) 1880 Ma"aria P"a&m+i%m &(

ar" E!er$h 1880 Th4(i+ 5e;er S. thypii

R!er$ K*h 1882 TB M. tuberculose

E+3i) K"e!& 1887 Di(h$heria C. diphtheriae

The+reE&*heri*h

188 Tra;e""er +iare,B"a++er i)5e*$

Escherichia coli

R!er$ K*h 188 h"era Vibrio cholera

Shi!a&a!%r ki$a&a$ 1889 $e$a)%& Clostridium tetani


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e"a&ka) me)#a(a %)$%k (erkem!a)#a)

mikr!i"#i $eri #e)era$i &()$a)ea har%&

+i(a$ahka)

Me)%r%$ a)+a a(a (era) mikrr#a)i&me !a#i$%!%h a)+a

je"a&ka) $e)$a)# (&$%"a$ k*h

T%#a& I H 80

T%#a& I A @ 80


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