NECCC and UCCC

Concept Design Plan for the

Northern California RegionalMiddle-Mile Infrastructure

(NCRMMI)

Infrastructure DesignImplementation Plan

August 9, 2012

1

Concept Design Plan: NorthernCalifornia Regional Middle MileInfrastructure

Table of ContentsI. INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................... 2

A. Why is the Northern California Regional Middle Mile Infrastructure (NCRMMI) Needed?2

B. What are the Goals for the NCRMMI? ................................................................................ 2

C. What is the Strategic Planning Framework? ....................................................................... 4

D. Who will be Responsible for NCRMMI? .............................................................................. 5

E. What Investments are Required?........................................................................................ 5

II. INFRASTRUCTURE DESIGN...................................................................................................... 6

A. Design Goals and Strategies ................................................................................................ 6

1. Goals ............................................................................................................................ 62. Strategies..................................................................................................................... 6

B. Key Characteristics of NCRMMI........................................................................................... 6

1. Five Main Rings............................................................................................................ 82. Five Sub Rings.............................................................................................................. 83. Points of Presence ....................................................................................................... 84. Incorporated Communities and Census Designated Places Passed Through ............. 85. Native American Lands that will have Access to NCRMMI ......................................... 96. Potential Anchor Sites ................................................................................................. 97. Cell Towers .................................................................................................................. 9

III. IMPLEMENTATION PLAN ...................................................................................................... 10

IV. Appendix A: Tables and Figures ........................................................................................... 11

2

I. INTRODUCTION

A. Why is the Northern California Regional Middle Mile Infrastructure (NCRMMI)Needed?The 16 rural counties in Northern California (Butte, Colusa, Del Norte, Glenn, Humboldt, Lake,Lassen, Mendocino, Modoc, Plumas, Shasta, Siskiyou, Sonoma Tehama, Trinity, and Yolo)encompass nearly 27 percent of the state’s geography, and over 1.634 million Californians live inthis region. There are 54 Incorporated Communities and 262 Census Designated Places. SeeAppendix A, Table 1.0 for more demographics.

These 16 counties still lack a comprehensive, integrated, open access, middle mile broadbandinfrastructure to meet their current needs let alone their future needs. Furthermore, none ofthe counties has a comprehensive countywide backbone system infrastructure in place that caneffectively link the last mile community providers who serve end users to the worldwideinformation resources so vital in the 21st century. In If the foregoing were not already cause forconcern, the currently insufficient service provided to many communities across NorthernCalifornia utilizes aged copper cable, discontinued equipment, and old linear non diversemicrowave radio routes.

Consequently, these counties comprise a very large and significant pocket of unserved andunderserved communities, enterprises, and citizens – and significant barriers exist to servingthem. Figure 1.0 depicts the unserved and underserved areas across the 16 counties.

For example, the telecommunications industry faces many challenges including regulatoryuncertainty and migration from traditional voice services, as well as a need to expand andincrease broadband to unserved and underserved areas. Nielsen’s Law 1 of Internet bandwidth,originally tested in 1998, is still outpacing predictions nearly 14 years later. At this current pace,user broadband speeds will surpass 100 Mbps by 2015.

Finally, the telecommunications companies that currently serve various communities withinNorthern California face even have more risk than their more urban counterparts because theyserve a distributed population over a wide geography with vast areas of rugged terrain. Thus,these companies must work harder to serve fewer people, in most instances they do not enjoythe same return on investment that large urban based companies do. Thus, reliance on simplemarket forces to serve such communities in California will result in a very large number of unand underserved citizens.

B. What are the Goals for the NCRMMI?The Northern California Regional Middle Mile Infrastructure Project (NCRMMI) is designed toprovide a robust network infrastructure across these 16 counties that will meet currentbroadband needs as well as provide growth capacity for the next 20 to 30 years. Thisinfrastructure will bring next generation services that will promote: 1) economic growth ofbusinesses and industry; 2) enhanced educational services; 3) access to increased libraryservices and resources; 4) improved access to quality healthcare; 5) interoperability of publicsafety services; 6) online access to all levels of government services; and 7) provide each citizenthe opportunity to avail themselves of the wide range of information resources and servicesthey deem appropriate to improve their quality of life.

Inyo

Kern

San Bernardino

Fresno

Riverside

Tulare

Siskiyou

Lassen

Modoc

Mono

Shasta

Imperial

Trinity

San Diego

Tehama

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Plumas

Monterey

Los Angeles

Mendocino

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Madera

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Merced

Kings

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San Luis Obispo

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Alameda

Amador

San Benito

San Joaquin

Del Norte

Calaveras

Sutter

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San Mateo

Santa Cruz

San Francisco

PacificOcean

STATE OF CALIFORNIAWireline and Fixed Wireless Broadband Availability

.Data Sources:(1) U.S. Census Bureau, 2010.(2) Service availability data submitted by broadband providers as part of the ARRA-funded State Broadband Initiative. Data as of June 30, 2011, revised January 2012.Map created by the CPUC, Communications Division, Video Franchising and Broadband Deployment Group, February 2012.

0 75 150 Miles

0 100 200 Km

NEVADA

CALIFORNIA

Total

Households(2010 Census) 12,577,498 11,238,354 89.35 % 1,083,838 8.62 % 255,306 2.03 % -- --

Land Area(Square Miles) 155,564 17,427.00 11.20 % 22,406.90 14.40 % 39,810.80 25.59 % 76,134.60 48.94 %

ServedBroadband service at least

6 Mbps down and 1.5 Mbps up

UnderservedBroadband service slower than6 Mbps down or 1.5 Mbps up

UnservedEither no service available, orinternet access is slower than

768 Kbps down or 200 Kbps up

Unpopulated Area

Counties

HighwaysLakes

Served Areas

Unserved Areas with HouseholdsUnderserved Areas

Areas without Households

Served, Underserved and Unserved AreasReflecting new CASF definition of Underserved < 6 Mbps Downstream and 1.5 Mbps Upstream

Figure 1.0

4

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We have adopted this framework and approach because currently, in the 16 Northern CaliforniaCounties, there is only a piece meal scattering of fragmented and limited attempts to deploybroadband. There is no comprehensive regional middle mile infrastructure or a completedcountywide backbone system, without which there will be no change in adoption.

D. Who will be Responsible for NCRMMI?Recognizing that they cannot meet Northern California’s broadband access needs by workingalone, some current telecommunications companies and at least one community basedorganization, which represents interests across the 16 counties, are forming Golden BearBroadband LLC (GBB) to implement, own, manage, and operate the NCRMMI.

E. What Investments are Required?The total initial capital project cost to implement NCRMMI is estimated at $120 million.

Golden Bear Broadband, LLC (GBB) intends to submit a CASF infrastructure grant application for90% funding, or up to $108 million. The matching 10% funding, or $12 million, will come fromGBB members and potential other sources and investors. The capital investment required fromeach GBB member will be dependent upon the number of member companies that participatein the GBB and the amounts that can be secured from other sources and non member investors.

6

II. INFRASTRUCTURE DESIGNFigure 3.0 depicts the overall conceptual architecture for the NCRMMI. The NCRMMI covers2,500 route miles across the 16 counties. It is comprised of 1,452 miles of existing fiber ownedby long haul or rural local exchange carriers and 1,043 miles of new construction interconnectedin a ring architecture using a fully recoverable and scalable technological platform. There aretwo “master rings” equipped to interconnect and integrate five major geographic areas via fivemain fiber rings and five sub rings to provide for maximum reach and edge access.

A. Design Goals and Strategies

1. GoalsDevelop a reliable, diverse, integrated and secure network architecture;Integrate and connect with each of the county wide backbone systems;Provide anchor institutions (education, health delivery facilities, libraries public safety)fiber access to NCRMMI directly or via the county wide backbone systems;Provide last mile access by businesses, government agencies and residents via countywide backbone systems; andProvide access by Commercial Last Mile Internet Providers via direct connection or celltowers.

2. StrategiesUtilize existing fiber wherever possible;Utilize other existing resources when possible (conduits, poles, colocation, etc.);Deploy as much fiber underground as is cost effective;Deploy equipment for regeneration and access is designed to balance costs whileproviding future expanding access location needs;Pass through as many communities as feasible;Connect Anchors; andConnect Cell Towers to NCRMMI via fiber.

B. Key Characteristics of NCRMMIThe NCRMMI design includes existing and newly constructed fiber connected in a ringarchitecture using a fully recoverable and scalable technological platform. New constructionincludes use of county/city road, railroad, State highway, and utility rights of way. Constructionmethods employed are plow, bore, open trench, accessible aerial, and inaccessible aerial.

The majority of the NCRMMI will be underground along railroad routes and major highways.There are routes of the infrastructure that will use aerial connected to power poles;unfortunately, this is the only construction method available on certain routes.

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±Northern California Regional Middle Mile

Fiber Planning 8/15/12

0 50 10025Miles

LegendBranch, Build

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Main Ring, Build

Branch, Existing

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To Be Determined# Cell Tower Sites

Level3 POP

Community College_̂ State UniversitiesGF HospitalÆc Library#* K12

1. Plow2. HDD (Bore)3. Exception4. Aerial (Normal)5. Aerial (Exception)

Build Types

TBD

#1

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#3A

8

In the case of the routes that are designed to use existing fiber acquired from the providers, GBBwill acquire one pair of fibers (another pair reserved for future growth needs). Newlyconstructed routes will have a minimum of 72 fiber strands; there may be locations where theroute may have a larger or smaller number of fiber strands.

Designing the NCRMMI with five main and five sub rings allows a greater number ofcommunities to be connected to a highly reliable middle mile infrastructure, which has bothminimal down time probability and full quality of service control.

Network monitoring, provisioning, and maintenance for NCRMMI will be available 24/7/365. Amulti layer network management support system (NMS) will provide real time monitoring,technician access, and circuit provisioning. This supports operating flexibility for both theoperator and the customer if desired. The NMS will also provide ongoing performancediagnoses, which will also be utilized for planning and forecasting customer and networkgrowth.

The following provides a quick overview of several characteristics in the NCRMMI design.

1. Five Main RingsAs depicted in Figure 3.0, there are five main rings within the two master rings. These include:

#1: Redding Yreka Tionesta Redding#2: Redding Tionesta Alturas Susanville Reno Sacramento Redding#3: Sacramento Emeryville Manchester Williams Sacramento#4: Manchester Eureka Red Bluff Williams Manchester#5: Eureka Yreka Red Bluff Eureka

2. Five Sub RingsAs shown in Figure 3.0, there are five sub rings and one branch within the five main rings. Theseinclude:

#2A: Susanville Quincy Rte 395 Susanville#2B: Sacramento Chico Red Bluff Sacramento#2Bb: Gridley Oroville Paradise Chico Gridley#3A: Petaluma Manchester Ukiah Petaluma#4A: Manchester Fort Bragg Willits Ukiah Manchester#5A: Red Bluff Yreka Etna Rte 36 o Red Bluff

3. Points of PresenceThe NCRMMI has the potential of 60 POP locations. Of these, 31 are on the main rings. Each willbe initially provisioned for two fully redundant 10 Gbps lambdas that can ultimately grow to 100Gbps. Each POP can be provisioned for a wide range of services. Services supported includetraditional signaling legacy service formats (T1 circuits), but will also provide range of high speedofferings ranging from 1 Gbps to 10 Gbps. All 31 POP locations are carrier class location withbackup power. See Appendix A, Table 2.0 for list of Points of Presence.

4. Incorporated Communities and Census Designated Places Passed ThroughAs stated earlier, there are 54 Incorporated Communities and 262 Census Designated Places inthe 16 counties. Of these totals, 42 of the Incorporated Communities and 52 of the Census

9

Designated Places are included as part of the NCRMMI Conceptual Design. The other 12Incorporated are proposed to be part of the county wide backbone system conceptual designs.Of the 262 Census Designated Places, 52 are included as part of the NCRMMI ConceptualDesign. Of the remaining 210, 139 are proposed to be connected to the county wide backbonesystems that will be linked into NCRMMI. See Appendix A, Table 3.0. Note that 71 CensusDesignated Places are currently not included in either. 37 are associated with counties underthe leadership of two other regional consortia. We have not had a chance work with them todetermine how these locations will be connected. Likewise we have not yet started work oncounty wide backbone designs for Shasta and Tehama counties, representing another 31 CensusDesignated Places

5. Native American Lands that will have Access to NCRMMIAs shown on a map in Appendix A, Figure 4.0 there are 51 locations/areas designated as part ofNative American Lands in Northern California. We are in the process of verifying specificlocations so we can determine whether or not these locations are on the NCRMMI or countywide designs. If not, we plan to figure out how to best reach and serve them.

6. Potential Anchor SitesThere are nearly 90 potential major anchor sites that could be connected via fiber directly toNCRMMI or to the county wide backbone system. See Appendix A, Table 4.0 for a starter list.

7. Cell TowersThere are 31 wireless tower locations planned. See Appendix A, Table 6.0 for the list andproposed implementation plan.

10

III. IMPLEMENTATION PLANThe overall approach to implementation will be to initially light the routes where existing fiberhas been acquired and where there is the greatest potential to generate revenue. A preliminaryconstruction schedule is in Appendix A, Table 5.0. At this point, it is subject to significantchanges depending on a number of factors.

The OSP environmental/engineering work will start upon grant award approval. The anchorbuilds and wireless backhaul builds will begin immediately following grant approval and we'llbegin with connecting the anchor sites. GBB will implement connections to the cell towers. SeeAppendix A, Table 6.0 for a list and schedule. This strategy allows for quick revenue generationby lighting the IRU routes, and gets members low cost Internet access.

Additional detailed planning of an implementation plan is underway and alternative scenarioswill be presented to the GBB when it is officially formed.

11

IV. Appendix A: Tables and Figures

APP

END

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Santa Rosa

SanDiego

YurokHoopaValley

Tule River

Fort Yuma

Pala

MorongoColorado

River

Chemehuevi

Cahuilla

Campo

RoundValley

XL Ranch

Barona

Santa Rosa

Fort Mojave

Fort Bidwell

Paskenta

Auburn

Bishop

Cortina

Susanville

Ione Band of Miwok

Timbi-Sha Shoshone

Karuk

Quartz Valley

Tuolumne

Upper Lake

Fort Independence

Pit River

Big Sandy

Mooretown

Elk Valley

Benton Paiute

Santa Ynez

Woodfords

Dry Creek

Table Bluff

Greenville

Bridgeport

Redding

Lytton

Likely

Los Coyotes

La Jolla

Capitan Grande

Soboba

Santa YsabelRincon

La Posta

Manzanita

Pechanga

Ewiiaapaayp

Torres-Martinez

Agua Caliente

Pauma and Yuima

Viejas

Sycuan

Cabazon

Mechoopda

Ramona

Mesa Grande

Augustine

Rumsey

San Manuel

San Pasqual Inaja and Cosmit

Jackson

Colusa

Big Pine

Resighini

Lone Pine

LaytonvilleSherwood Valley

Smith River

Picayune

Washoe Ranches

Twenty-Nine Palms

Robinson

Big Valley

Redwood Valley

Manchester-PointArena

Shingle Springs

Pinoleville

Middletown

Table Mountain

North Fork

Grindstone

Trinidad

Cold Springs

Coyote Valley

Berry Creek

Roaring Creek

Lookout

Big Bend

Guidiville

Enterprise

Hopland

Sulphur Bank

Montgomery Creek

Alturas

Blue Lake

Stewarts Point

Jamul

Rohnerville

Cedarville

Chicken Ranch

Big Lagoon

Inyo

Kern

San Bernardino

Fresno

Riverside

Siskiyou

Tulare

Lassen

Modoc

Shasta

Imperial

Mono

Trinity

Tehama

Plumas

Humboldt

Monterey

Los Angeles

Mendocino

Lake

Merced

Placer

Kings

Ventura

Tuolumne

San Luis Obispo

Santa Barbara

Sierra

MariposaStanislaus

Santa Clara

Alpine

Orange

Alameda

Butte

Madera

Yolo

Glenn

Sonoma

Colusa

El Dorado

Napa

Nevada

San Benito

Yuba

Solano

SanJoaquin

Calaveras

DelNorte

Sutter

Marin

SacramentoAmador

Contra Costa

San Mateo

Santa Cruz

San Francisco

Native American Lands

Native American Lands

Reservations & Rancherias

Tribal Designated Statistical Areas*

County Borders

in California

0 50 100 150 20025Miles

Pacific Ocean

Source: US Census Bureau, 2010.

* Tribal Designated Statistical Areasare Census-delineated areas thatcontain a concentration of individualswho identify with a federally recognizedAmerican Indian tribe that does not currentlyhave a legally established land base.

Appendix AFigure 3.0