1.low frequency sound causes maximum vibration at which
TRANSCRIPT
1.Low frequency sound causes maximum vibration at which portion of the basilar
membrane in cochlear duct ?
a.The portion close to the oval window.
b.The portion close to the round window.
c.Low frequency sound induces vibration all along the length of the basilar membrane.
d.The portion close to the helicotrema.
e.Near the base of cochlea.
Answer:D
2. All the following are features of glioblastoma multiforme EXCEPT:
a.Rapidly growing tumor infiltrating the adjacent regions of the brain ,
b.Densely cellular, with marked pleomorphism and increased mitoses .
c.Highly malignant tumor, usually metastasize outside the CNS by hematogenous rote.
d.Associated with very poor prognosis, with most patients . dying within Fifteen months of
diagnosis
e.Histologicaly, the tumor shows palisading necrosis, pseudo-palisading nuclei and vascular
or endothelial cell proliferation .
answer:C
3.Lesion to the facial nerve in the facial canal proximal to geniculate ganglion results in the
following clinical picture, Except:
a.Flaccid ipsilateral paralysis of all muscles of facial expression (upper and lower face).
b.Ipsilateral impairment of taste sensation on anterior 2/3 of tongue.
c.Loss of corneal reflex
d.Loss of lacrimation
e.Hyperacusis.
answer:b
4.Linear acceleration in horizontal direction is detected and tranduced by hair cells located
in the:
a.Cupula.
b.Cristae.
c.Maculae.
d.Organs of Corti.
e.Scarpa's ganglion.
Answer:D
5.A 62-year-old man suffering from open-angle glaucoma underwent ocular surgery. Before
the operation, the ophthalmologist instilled a few drops of carbachol in the conjunctival sac.
Which of the following anatomical structures represents the primary site of action of the
drug in this patient
a.ganglion cells .
b.Ciliary muscle
c.Lens
d.Radial muscle of the iris
e.Brainstem
answer:B
6. If the following events where put in chronological order, which one would be the third?
a.Immune response to the infecting virus
b.Symptoms of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, typically develop one or two weeks
after the antecedent infection suggesting diffuse brain involvement, with headache,
lethargy and coma
c.The immune antibodies cross-reacts with myelin antigens resulting in myelin damage
d.Death in about 20% of cases; with complete recovery in the remaining 80% of patients
e.Patients having systemic infectious, including relatively mild viral diseases
answer:C
7.Regarding the site of tumor, all the following matches are correct EXCEPT:
a.Oligodendroglioma – Usually located in the cerebral hemisphere
b.Fibrillary astrocytoma – Usually found in the cerebellar hemispheres
c.Ependymoma – In the first two decades of life, they typically occur near the 4th ventricle
d.Primary brain germ-cell tumors – Usually occur along the midline, most commonly in the
pineal and the suprasellar regions
e.Meningioma – Usually found on the external surface of the brain, mostly parasagittal to
the superior sagittal sinus or in the skull base
answer:B
8.Which of the following is NOT a primary effect of stimulating muscarinic (M) receptors?
a.Release of nitric oxide (vasodilation)
b.Iris contraction (miosis)
c.Ciliary muscle contraction and accommodation of the lens (near vision)
d.Bronchi dilation and decreased bronchial secretions
e.Salivary/lacrimal thin and watery secretions
answer:d
9.Which structure within the central auditory pathway determines direction of sound?
a.The trapezoid body.
b.The superior olivary nucleus.
c.The inferior colliculus.
d.Superior colliculus.
e.The lateral lemniscus.
Answer:B
10.All of the following are true about Enteroviruses EXCEPT:
A.Naked viruses composed of a single stranded positive sense RNAOption 1
b.Secondary tissue damage result from lytic cycle of virus replication
c.All groups of Enteroviruses are associated with febrile illness and meningoencephalitis
d.Serological tests are rarely used for diagnosis
e.No specific antiviral treatment is available for Enteroviruses.
Answer:C
11.Which One of the following clinical pictures result from injuries to the oculomotor is
Wrong?
a.Ptosis.
b.Dilatation of the pupil.
c.Convergent squint.
d.Diplobia.
e.Loss of accommodation of the lens.
Answer:D
12.All the following are true of Medulloblastoma EXCCEPT:
a.It occurs exclusively in the cerebellum .
b.Occurs predominantly in children and accounts for 20% of pediatric brain tumors .
c.Highly malignant tumor, the prognosis for untreated patients is dismal, however, it is
exquisitely radiosensitive.
d.Well circumscribed, gray, friable, and may extend to the surface of the cerebellar folia
with involvement of the leptomeninges .
e.Histologically, the tumor cells are very pleomorphic, large, elongated with long fibrillary
processes, with plentiful cytoplasm and numerous multinucleated tumor giant cells .
answer:E
13.Patchy blind spots in peripheral or central vision in both eyes, due to increased
intraocular pressure is likely to be observed in which of the following conditions?
a.Glaucoma.
b.Cataracts.
c.Macular degeneration.
d.Diabetic retinopathy.
e.Retinitis pigmentosa.
Answer:A.
14.Arthropod-borne viruses are associated with all of the following conditions EXCEPT:
a.Meningitis
b.Encephalitis
c.Hepatitis
d.Ascending paralysis
e.Hemorrhagic fever
answer:c
15.Which one of the following is characteristic of muscarinic receptors stimulation?
a.Decrease in intestinal motility .
b.Inhibition of bronchial secretion .
c.Contraction of circular muscle in the iris of the eye (miosis).
d.Contraction of sphincter of urinary bladder.
e.Increase in heart rate.
Answer:C
16.During the process of accommodation for near vision, you would expect :
A.Relaxation of the ciliary muscle .
b.The tension on the lens resulting form the suspensory ligament to decreases.
c.The refractive power of the cornea to increase.
d.Sympathatic outflow to the iris to increase.
e.Dilation of pupils.
Answer:B
17.In active plaque of multiple sclerosis, there is histological evidence of ongoing all of the
following features EXCEPT:
a.Myelin breakdown
b.Gliosis and prominent astrocytic proliferation
c.Perivascular cuff of lymphocytes and monocytes
d.Abundant macrophages containing myelin debris
e.The small active plaques are often centered on small veins
answer:B
18.Which of the following is responsible for the inward sodium current in the outer
segments of the photoreceptors?
a.Metarhodopsin II.
B.cGMP.
c.cis-retinal.
d.dInceased levels transducin
e.Activation of phospholipase C
answer:B
19.Regarding metastatic malignant secondaries in the CNS, all the following are true EXCEPT
a.In the majority of cases, the tumor masses are multiple
b.The tumor mass is usually surrounded by a zone of edema
c.More common than brain and spinal cord malignant primaries
d.Grossly and histologicaly, the boundary between tumor mass and brain parenchyma is ill-
defined
e.The most common primary sites of these metastases are lung, breast, skin melanoma,
kidney, and GIT
answer:C
20.Which of the following is true about Arboviruses:
a.All Arboviruses belong to the same virus family
b.All Arboviral infections are transmitted through mosquito bite
c.All Arboviral infections are associated with encephalitis
d.All Arboviral infections are treated by close monitoring in the hospital setting with
adequate hydration and prophylactic antibiotics and respiratory support if required
e.All Arboviral infections can be prevented by vaccine prophylaxis
answer:D
21.The following statements concerning the innervation of the ear are corrects, Except:
a.The great auricular nerve supplies lateral and cranial surfaces of the inferior part of the
auricle.
b.The greater occipital nerve supplies cranial surface of the superior part of the auricle
c.Auriculotemporal nerve supplies anterior and superior walls of external auditory meatus.
d.The vagus nerve supplies posterior and inferior walls of the external auditory meatus.
e.Glossopharyngeal nerve supplies mucous membrane lining inner surface of tympanic
membrane.
Answer:B
22.The following statements concerning the ciliary body of the vascular pigmented coat of
the eyeball are corrects, Except:
A.It is triangular-shaped structure, composed of ciliary ring, ciliary processes and ciliary
muscle.
b.The ciliary ring is the posterior part of the body.
c.The ciliary processes are longitudinal ridges projecting from inner surface of ciliary body.
d.The ciliary muscle consists of meridianal and circular smooth muscle fibers.
e.The aqueous humor is secreted by the ciliary ring.
Answer:
23.The following statements concerning the trigeminal nerve are corrects, Except:
a.Emerges from the anterior surface of the pons by two roots.
b.Its maxillary branch caries taste fibers to the anterior two-thirds of the tongue.
c.From the anterior border of its ganglion three branches emerge.
d.Its mandibular branch supplies eight muscles.
e.Supplies the teeth and gums.
Answer:B
24.Regarding multiple sclerosis (MS), all the following are true EXCEPT:
a.The commonest demyelinating disorder which may affect any age, with females affected
twice as males
b.An autoimmune demyelinating disease, caused by cytotoxic (Type II Hypersensitivity)
reaction to myelin proteins
c.Grossly, the characteristic lesions are MS plaques, which are multiple, well-circumscribed,
glassy, gray-tan, slightly depressed irregular lesions of the white matter
d.MS plaques commonly occur beside the ventricles, are frequent in the optic nerves and
chiasm; brain stem ascending and descending fiber tracts; cerebellum; and spinal cord
e.Clinically, there are multiple relapses followed by remissions; typically, the recovery is not
complete with accumulation of increasing neurologic deficits
answer:B
25.Enteroviruses are most closely related to which of the following viruses:
a.Herpes simplex
b.Hepatitis C
c.Hepatitis A
d.Rubella
e.Rotavirus
answer:C
26.The following statements concerning the hypoglossal nerve are corrects, Except:
a.Emerges from the medulla oblongata between olive and inferior cerebellar peduncle.
b.Supplies the geniglossus.
c.Supplies the geniohyoid.
d.Supplies the thyrohyoid.
e.Givers off the superior root of the ansacervicalis.
Answer:A
27.The most frequent cause of viral meningitis is:
a.Enteroviruses
b.Rhabdoviruses
c.California/Lacrosse virus
d.Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus
e.Filoviruses
answer:A
28.The two CNS tumors which usually disseminate by the CSF are:
a.Medulloblastoma and ependymomas
b.Ependymomas and oligodendroglioma
c.Meningiomas and Glioblastoma multiforme
d.Pilocytic astrocytoma and fibrillary astrocytoma
e.Glioblastoma multiforme and Medulloblastoma
answer:A
29.The following statements concerning the vagus nerve are corrects, Except:
a.Emerges from the medulla oblongata between olive and inferior cerebellar peduncle.
b.Descends in carotid sheath.
c.Supplies all muscles of larynx.
d.Supplies all muscles of soft palate, except tensor veli palatini.
e.Supplies the stylopharyngeus muscle.
Answer:E
30.The following clinical picture results from injuries to trigeminal nerve, Except:
a.Loss of corneal reflex.
b.Spastic paralysis of muscles of mastication
c.Deviation of the patient’s jaw to the inactive side.
d.Hypoacusis.
e.Loss of sensation of skin covering anterior half of scalp and face, except at the angle of
mandible.
Answer:D
31. The following statements concerning the abducent nerve are corrects, Except:
a.Enters orbital cavity through superior orbital fissure.
b.Emerges at lower border of pons, between pons and pyramid.
c.Passes between two heads of lateral rectus.
d.Runs forwards through the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus.
e.Its injuries results in convergent squint.
Answer:C
32.The following muscles are supplied by the oculomotor nerve, Except
a.Medial rectus.
b.Medial rectus.
c.Superior rectus.
d.Levator palpebrae superioris
e.Dilator pupilae.
Answer:e
33.Which of the following type of lens is is usually recommended for correction of myopia ?
a.A convex lens.
b.A concave lens.
c.A spherical lens.
d.A cylindrical Lens.
e.Compound lens.
Answer:B
34.In outer plexiform layer of the retina, the activation of adjacent rods and cones is
prevented by the phenomenon of lateral inhibition. Which cell type is thought to be
responsible for this phenomenon ?
a.Bipolar cells.
b.Horizontal cells.
c.Ganglion cells.
d.Amacrine cells.
e.Muller cells.
Answer:B
35.Discrimination of sound patterns is a function of:
a.Organs of Corti
b.Superior olivory nucleus
c.Cochlear nucleus
d.Auditory cortex
e.Trapezoid body
answer:d
36.The following statements concerning the eyeball are corrects, Except
a.Contraction of the ciliary muscle increases the refractive power of the lens.
b.The choroid represents approximately, the posterior two-thirds of the vascular pigmented
layer.
c.The posterior 3–4 of retina is receptor organ, sensitive to light, and called optic part of
retina.
d.The neural layer of retina consists of five coats.
e.Bright lights stimulate rods, which produce color vision.
Answer:E
37.The following statements concerning the glossopharyngeal nerve are corrects, Except
a.Supplies the stylopharyngeus muscle.
b.Carries taste fibers to the posterior third of the tongue.
c.Supplies the cricopharyngeus.
d.Leaves the skull through jugular foramen.
e.Provides secretomotor fibers to the parotid gland.
Answer:C
38.The cholinomimetic drug that is useful for treating postoperative abdominal distention
and intestinal paralysis is
a.Acetylcholine (ACh)
b.Edrophonium.
c.Bethanechol
d.Pilocarpine.
e.Methacholine
answer:C
39.Which of the following are characteristic of the primary visual cortex "blob" neurons?
a.Are binocular.
b.Have on center off surround recpetive filed
c.Respond best to circular spot of light.
d.make synaptic contact with magnocellar neurons of the lateral genicule
e.Are color sensitive
answer:d