1.k35 - nutrition during lactation

8/16/2019 1.k35 - Nutrition During Lactation

1/23

NUTRITION DURINGLACTATION

Nutrition Department

zzt’07


2/23

Breastfeeding : A Learned Behavior

• Physiological rocess virt!ally

all "others are caa#le of doing

• Is a learned #ehavior not all"other decide to do

• $other%s artner also lays ani"ortant role


3/23

Advantages

• N!tritionally s!erior to anyalternatives

• Bacteriologically safe & al'ays fresh

• Contains vario!s antiinfectio!sfactors & i""!ne cells

• The least allergenic to any infantfood


4/23

• Breast-fed babies are less likely to be

overfed• Promotes good jaw & tooth development

• Cost less

• Promotes close mother-child contact• More convenient once the process is

established


5/23

A"erican Acade"y of Pediatrics (AAP)& A"erican Dietetic Association (ADA)

*+cl!sive #reastfeeding for ,"onths- and #reastfeeding 'ithco"le"entary foods for at least

./ "onths as an oti"al feedingattern for infants


6/23

A"erican Acade"y of Pediatrics

(AAP)

0e"ales infected 'ith the h!"ani""!node1ciency vir!s (2I3) sho!ld#e co!nseled not to #east4feed

0e"ales 'ho are at ris5 for #einginfected 'ith the vir!s sho!ld #eed!cated a#o!t the ris5 of infecting

their infant 'ith 2I3 thro!gh #reast"il5


7/23

The Ba#y 0riendly 2osital Initiative

• Glo#al e6ort to ↑ the incidence &

d!ration of #reast4feeding• To #eco"e 7#a#y friendly%- a

hosital "!st agree to i"le"ent

the 8Ten stes to 9!ccessf!lBreast4feeding


8/23

Ten stes to s!ccessf!l #reast4

feeding

• 2ave a 'ritten #reast4feeding olicy

that is ro!tinely co""!nicated to allhealth care sta6

• Train all health care sta6 in the s5illsnecessary to i"le"ent this olicy

• Infor" all regnant fe"ales a#o!t the#ene1ts and "anage"ent of #reast4feeding


9/23

• Help the mother initiate breast-feeding

within a half hour of birth

• how mothers how to breast-feed and

how to maintain lactation! even if they

are separated from their infant

• "ive new born infants no food or drink

other than breast milk unless medically

indicated


10/23

• Practice rooming-in

• #ncourage breast-feeding on demand

• "ive no artificial teats or pacifiers• $oster the establishment of breast

feeding support groups! and refer

mothers to them on discharge from the

hospital or clinic


11/23

N!tritional re;!ire"ents

• Lactation is n!tritionally de"anding

• Increased inta5e of "ost n!trient isadvised

• $il5 rod!ction is "ost a6ected #y thefre;!ency of s!c5ling

• $il5 co"osition varies according to"other%s diet- #!t in general the e6ectis to red!ce ;!antity- not ;!ality


12/23

*nergy

• Prod!ction .5cal e+endit!re

• .st , "o of lactation ?>< "l@day(>>< ./


13/23

• %nd mo

- production '' ml(day # re)

- consuming solid food• #nergy intake at least *+'' kcal(day

• ,nade) maternal fluid intake affects milk

volume


14/23

• fter birth women are in a hurry to

lose weight

• ,n general lose . - * kg ( mo during

the *st / 0 mo of lactation

• #1ercise 22 ↑ lactic acid of breast milk

influence milk taste


15/23

Breastfeeding and "aternal 'eight loss(De'ey et alE A" F Clin N!tr .H>=:.,/4,)


16/23

0at

• /< > of total calories

• Presence of long4chain PU0A cr!cial for fetal & infant retina &#rain develo"ent

• AI n4, PU0A : .g@day

• AI n4 PU0A : .E g@day


17/23

2!"an $il5 Co"osition

a. CHO, protein & minerals → not influenced by maternal diet

b. at and !itamins → influenced by maternal diet

"nfluences of maternal diet

↓

↑↑


18/23

2!"an $il5 Co"osition

"nfluences of maternal nutritional status

# mil$ composition remains relati!ely constant unless malnutrition is se!ere# t%e !olume of mil$ produced may ↓ it% malnutrition


19/23

Jater

Drin5 a glass of "il5- K!ice or'ater at each "eal and each ti"ethe infant n!rses


20/23

N!trient s!le"ents

• $ost 'o"en can o#tain all then!trients fro" a 'ell #alanced diet

• 9o"e "ay need iron to re1lltheir deleted iron stores


21/23

Partic!lar foods

• 0oods 'ith strong or sicy avors (eEgEgarlic) "ay alter the avor of #reast"il5

• Infants 'ho develo sy"to"s of food

allergy

"ore co"forta#le if the"other%s diet e+cl!de the "ostco""on o6enders (co'%s "il5- eggs-ean!ts)


22/23

,ncreased 3e)uirements


23/23

Practices inco"ati#le 'ith

lactation

• Alcohol

4 easily enters #reast "il5

• 9"o5ing

4 transfer nicotine

• $edicinal dr!gs

• *nviron"ental conta"inants

• Ca6eine

1.k35 - nutrition during lactation

Documents