SENTENTIAL ERRORS IN WRITING1)Comma splice

2)Run-on sentence 3)Non-parallel sentence4)Sentence fragments

COMMA SPLICE

A comma splice, also called a run-on, occurs when a writer has connected two main clauses with a comma alone. A main clause makes a complete thought, so you should not find a wimpy comma struggling to join two such powerful clauses.

EXAMPLES1) Fanning the slice of pizza with a napkin,

Jolene waited for it to cool, she had already burned the roof of her mouth with the fried cheese sticks.

Correct:Fanning the slice of pizza with a napkin, Jolene waited for it to cool. She had already burned the roof of her mouth with the fried cheese sticks.

2) I love eating fruit, it is one of my favourite things.

Correct: I love eating fruit it is one of my favourite things.

3)I'll never be able to buy a house prices these days are just ridiculous.

Correct: I'll never be able to buy a house, prices these days are just ridiculous.

4) After visiting the cinema we are intending to go to the pub. After visiting the cinema, we are intending to go to the pub.

Correct: After visiting the cinema, we are intending to go to the pub.

5) I can not afford a house in London, so I am moving to Sunderland.

Correct:I can not afford a house in London so I am moving to Sunderland.

6)Given the lack of understanding among the general public it is not surprising that many people are guilty of using the comma splice.

Correct: Given the lack of understanding among the general public, it is not surprising that many people are guilty of using the comma splice.

7) Hot summer weather is nice, it can be dangerous for various groups of people when certain temperatures get too high.

Correct: Hot summer weather is nice, but high temperatures can be dangerous for various groups of people.

8) This has been a very dry summer, therefore, the supply of water in the reservoirs is low.

Correct: This has been a very dry summer; therefore, the supply of water in the reservoirs is low

9) Heavy rain fell throughout the night, by morning every major road was flooded.

Correct: Heavy rain fell throughout the night, and by morning every major road was flooded.

10) Charlie is not only handsome, he is also rich.

Correct: Charlie is not only handsome, but he is also rich.

RUN-ON SENTENCE A run-on sentence is a sentence in which

two or more independent clauses are joined without appropriate punctuation or conjunction. It is generally considered a stylistic error, though it is occasionally used in literature and may be used as a rhetorical device. An example of a run-on is a comma splice, in which two independent clauses are joined with a comma without an accompanying coordinating conjunction.

EXAMPLES1)Adam is a sweet boy he really loves

animals.Correct:Adam is a sweet boy. He really

loves animals.

2) It was a beautiful day there was not a cloud in the sky.

Correct: It was a beautiful day; there was not a cloud in the sky.

3) I don't play tennis well I have a poor backhand.

Correct: I don't play tennis well because I have a poor backhand.

4) My favorite Mediterranean spread is hummus it is very garlicky.

Correct:My favorite Mediterranean spread is hummus; it is very garlicky.

5) I went to school in Ankara it is the capital of Turkey.Correct: I went to school in Ankara. It is the capital of Turkey.

6) Mr. Baker used to teach arts in Memorial High School I used to be a student there.

Correct: Mr. Baker used to teach arts in memorial High School, where I used to be a student.

7)Judy leads a charmed life she never seems to have a serious accident.

Correct:Judy leads a charmed life; she never seems to have a serious accident.

8) . The airport is about to shut down

because of the snow and if the plane doesn't land soon it will have to go on to Boston.

Correct: The airport is about to shut down because of the snow, and if the plane doesn't land soon it will have to go on to Boston.

9) The show begins at 7:30 make sure you're there before 7:15.

Correct:The show begins at 7:30. Make sure you're there before 7:15.

10) Marcellino always knew his way around the woods this is something he could always depend on.

Correct:Marcellino always knew his way around the woods; this is something he could always depend on.

NON-PARALLEL SENTENCESingle words, multi-word phrases and

clauses can be made parallel by ensuring each item is equal. Examples of parallel structure include multiple gerunds or –ing verbals that function as nouns, past participles, infinitive phrases (to be) and complete clauses that include a subject and predicate. Never mix and match when using parallel structure to create a list or series.

EXAMPLES1) On his day off, he did this, this and did

that.Correct:On his day off, he did this, this and

that.

2) Joel packed sneakers, sweatpants and put in three pairs of socks.

Correct:Joel packed sneakers, sweatpants and three pairs of socks.

3) Mary likes hiking, biking and to go running.Correct:Mary likes hiking, biking and running.

4)The salesman said the car was fast, sporty and didn’t use a lot of gas.

Correct:The salesman said the car was fast, sporty and economical.

5) The tour guide said they would view sea lions, they would hunt seashells and could photograph the wildlife.

Correct:The tour guide said they would view sea lions, they would hunt seashells and they would photograph the wildlife.

6) John Taylor Gatto criticizes public schools because they are compulsory, funded by the government, and destroy students' humanity.

Correct:John Taylor Gatto criticizes public schools because they are compulsory, government-funded, and normalizing.

7) My best friend took me dancing and to a show.

Correct:My best friend took me to a dance and a show.

8)My dog not only likes to play fetch, but also chase cars.

Correct:My dog not only likes to play fetch, but he also likes to chase cars.

9) I would rather pay for my education than financial aid.

Correct:I would rather pay for my education than receive financial aid.

10) Ellen likes hiking, the rodeo, and to take afternoon naps.

Correct:Ellen likes hiking, attending the rodeo, and taking afternoon naps

SENTENCE FRAGMENTS A sentence fragment fails to be a

sentence in the sense that it cannot stand by itself. It does not contain even one independent clause.There are several reasons why a group of words may seem to act like a sentence but not have the wherewithal to make it as a complete thought.

EXAMPLES1) We would be glad to help you solve the

problem.If you would send us a letter describing your current accounting procedures.

Correct:We would be glad to help you solve the problem if you would send us a letter describing your current accounting procedures.

2) In response to your letter of May 6 concerning our hiring policies.

Correct:Thank you for your letter of May6 concerning our hiring policies.

3) The report, which was completed by the April 15 deadline only through the hard work and long hours of the entire staff .

Correct:The report was completed by the April 15 deadline only through the hard work and long hours of the entire staff.

4) The approach that was recommended by the consultants whom we had contracted to solve the problem. In this approach, we increase the formal training of our analysts and hire an additional analyst.

Correct:The approach was recommended by the consultants whom we had contracted to solve the problem. In this approach, we increase the formal training of our analysts and hire an additional analyst

5) After we studied the technical aspects of the proposal and our contracts office reviewed its financial aspects. The proposal, although innovative, does not meet our immediate needs.

Correct:We studied the technical aspects of the proposal and our contracts office reviewed its financial aspects. The proposal, although innovative, does not meet our immediate needs

6) Music videos began to make their appearance in the late 1980s. Some of them concert performances and some technological innovations.

Correct: Music videos began to make their appearance in the late 1980s. Some of them contain concert performances, and some feature technological innovations.

7) The return on the investment was 20 percent. Which was higher than he expected.

Correct: The return on the investment was 20 percent, which was higher than he expected.

8) The contrast between the two women is great. One of them, Roberta, being arrogant

and Patrice being shy.Correct: The contrast between the two

women is great. One of them, Roberta, is arrogant, and Patrice is shy.

9) The name of the game is knowing the right people. Because they will help you invest your money in the right bank.

Correct:The name of the game is knowing the right people because they will help you invest your money in the right bank.

10) Perry can be loudmouthed and overbearing. For example, his remarks that he should be working with “better quality people.”

Correct:Perry can be loudmouthed and overbearing. For example, he remarks that he should be working with “better quality people.”

AYŞE ASLAN 265564 EVENING SECOND PRESENTATION