1999 annual report to the membership

New York State Defenders Association

1999 Annual Report to the MembershipJuly 1999

New York State Defenders Association

194 Washington Avenue, Suite 500

Albany NY 12210-2314

http://www.nysda.org

Welcome to theNew York State Defenders AssociationVisit us at our new offices:

194 Washington Avenue, Suite 500Albany NY 12210-2314

Visit us on the World Wide Web:www.nysda.org

➣ About NYSDA NowNYSDA’s Mission, 2Officers, 2Directors, 21999 NYSDA Members, 16 Annual Report of Directors Pursuant

to Not-for-Profit CorporationLaw 519, 27

➣ Public Defense Backup CenterStaff, 2The Past Year’s Accomplishments

Introduction, 3

Training, 431st Annual Meeting and Conference, 4 Chief Defender Convenings, 413th Annual New York Metropolitan Trainer, 51999 Defender Institute Basic Trial Skills Program, 5Jenna’s Law Sentencing Trainings, 6Immigration Law Training for Criminal Defense Providers, 6 Internet and Other Trainings, 6

Research, Consultation, and the Clearinghouse, 7Direct Defender Services, 7Criminal Defense Immigration Project, 7Public Education, 7

Technical Assistance and Legislative Analysis, 7League of Women Voters and NYSDA Hearings on Public Defense, 7Comments to the Committee to Promote Public Trust and Confidence in the

Legal System, 9Comments to the New York State Bar on a Proposed Fee Commission, 9Gideon Coalition, 10

Architectural rendering of office building underrenovation at 194 Washington Avenue, Albany

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➣ Public Defense Backup Center

Publications, 10Representing Noncitizen Criminal Defendants in New York State, 10 Public Defense Backup Center REPORT, 10Materials at www.nysda.org, 10

Defender Automation, 11Web Site Redesign, 11Public Defense Case Management System (PDCMS), 11Case Digest System, 12

Amicus Activity, 12Counsel Advocated for Clients in Court Proceedings Concerning Drug Treatment, 13 A Defendant’s Waiver of Counsel for Prosecutor’s Appeal Must be Explicit, 13Youthful Offender Adjudications Should Not Support Deportation, 13

➣ The Association in the FutureCandidates for Election to the Board of Directors, 14 Proposed 1999-2000 NYSDA Board of Directors, 15Membership Form, 25

NYSDA’s MissionThe New York State Defenders Association, a not-for-profit, membership organization, has been providingsupport to New York’s criminal defense community since 1967. Its mission is to improve the quality and scopeof publicly supported legal representation to low income people.

OfficersEdward J. Nowak, PresidentPeter L. McShane, Vice PresidentNorman Shapiro, Vice PresidentRonald C. Valentine, Vice PresidentMerble H. Reagon, SecretaryMarsha Weissman, Treasurer

DirectorsJohn H. Ciulla, Jr.Norman EffmanAndrew C. FineSusan R. HornDavid L. LewisMark J. MahoneyMichele MaxianLeonard E. NoisetteRobert M. O’LearyJohn W. Parker, IIILouise PerrottaStephen J. PittariMarvin E. SchechterDavid SteinbergWilliam P. Sullivan, Jr.

StaffJonathan E. Gradess, Executive DirectorCharles F. O’Brien, Managing AttorneyStephanie Batcheller, Staff AttorneyMardi Crawford, Staff AttorneySybil A. McPherson, Staff AttorneyAlfred O’Connor, Staff Attorney

Dawn Allert, Office ManagerDavid L. Austin, MIS DirectorBarbara Baggott, Executive AssistantDarlene Dollard, Information SpecialistMary Durgee, AccountantKevin Harrington, ParalegalTara Hoffman, Training CoordinatorJames Pogorzelski, Information System SpecialistWendy Pogorzelski, Research AssociateKennard Strutin, Information Consultant

Thomas Brewer, Criminal Justice InternTiffany Bullitt, Law InternJohnna Christianson, Criminal Justice InternDavid Gonzalez, Law InternBarbara Ryn, Criminal Justice InternTheresa Williams, Law Intern

(continued)

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The Past Year’s AccomplishmentsIntroductionExciting challenges and demoralizing difficulties con-fronted the New York State Defenders Association, itsmembers, and other public defense providers strivingto ensure fulfillment of the constitutional and othermandates to provide quality representation to personsof low income in criminal and related judicial proceed-ings in the past year. At the end of the 1990s, theAssociation stands poised to offer increased and im-proved services to the state’s public defense commu-nity—if funding for these and other public defenseservices is forthcoming in the much-delayed statebudget process. Support for positive public defensepolicies has appeared in new places—and frustrationshave arisen in unexpected quarters. As always, NYSDAhas been called on to aid allies, and to analyze actionsor proposals antithetical to public defense interests.

This report provides summaries of the Associa-tion’s recent activities and achievements, its financialstatement, and current membership, along withaugurs for the future.

New SitesIn the past year, NYSDA’s Public Defense BackupCenter moved to efficient and economical officespace that has already allowed it to host meetings ofits board and other groups in-house, thus saving theexpense of leased conference space and maximizingstaff participation by minimizing disruption of theirongoing work. The new space provides adequate fa-cilities for all staff. This has stopped the “musicaltables” that often ensued in the old space when attor-neys and interns were forced to move from the library,in the midst of research, so that the office’s onlysemi-large area could be used as a conference room, adocument collating room, etc. Since moving to thenew offices, the Association has been able to providemuch more in-house training.

The new telephone system is also more efficient.It includes a voice-mail component so that membersand other callers can leave detailed messages for anyindividual staff member who is temporarily unavail-able (but incoming calls continue to be answered bya live person, not the voice-mail system, to providepersonal attention to callers).

Installation of the computer network in the newoffices, with new cables, has ended the frequent down

time created when the old cabling faltered or the ISteam had to disconnect and reconnect hardware toaccommodate the constant shifting personnel in thenever-ending search to provide a place for all theBackup Center’s functions.

In addition to its new physical site, the Associa-tion was completing, simultaneously with this report,a complete redesign and upgrade of its virtual site onthe Internet, at www.nysda.org. The many new fea-tures of the web site are expected to increase theBackup Center’s productivity just as the features ofthe new office have. As noted elsewhere, the newsystem includes a server for NYSDA’s web page. Plan-ning for the move and other computer planning inthe last several months have included efforts to ensurethat all Association hardware and software will be Y2Kcompliant, taking NYSDA into the year 2000 with-out disruption.

Old ProblemsThere were recurring, familiar issues to deal with inthe past year:

The inadequacy of fees for assigned counsel underCounty Law article 18-b. The instability of public de-fense funding. The tenacity of those who want camerasin the courtroom, which would distort judicial processand destroy justice. The timidity of those who under-stand that mandatory sentences for drug crimes havefailed to solve the drug problem, but fear that necessarychange will be unpopular. The inconsistency of punditsdecrying police brutality while deriding defense de-mands that illegal police actions invalidate convictions.The insanity of the death penalty.

New and Continuing EffortsNYSDA tried new tactics and time-honored strategiesto deal with the above and other concerns in order toimprove the quality of public defense and the criminaljustice system in New York state. Among those effortswere:

• Public hearings on the state of public defensein New York, and dissemination of the result-ing testimony;

• Increased participation in coalitions address-ing problems that impact on public defenseissues;

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http://www.nysda.org/

• More education of legislative personnel aboutpublic defense issues;

• Maintenance and improvement of resources forresponding to requests for assistance and antici-pating the public defense community’s needs;

• Additional continuing legal education trainings.

RecognitionThe Executive Director of NYSDA, Jonathan E.Gradess, received a Distinguished Public ServiceAward for Outstanding Contribution to Public Serv-ice. This honor by the Nelson A. Rockefeller Collegeof Public Affairs and Policy of the University at Al-bany, State University of New York was awarded onMay 21, 1999.

NYSDA’s work was also recognized in calls andletters from public defense providers and others whotook the time to thank Backup Center staff for assis-tance or to let others know the value of the BackupCenter’s work.

Future Hopes and NeedsThrough the Association and its Backup Center, pub-lic defense providers and those who affect (or areaffected by) public defense in the state of New Yorkshould have, in the next millennium:

• Access to advanced technological tools; • Decades of experience; • A network of resources and information;• The assistance of individuals committed to the

improvement of the representation providedto people of low income.

Through the membership and support of publicdefense lawyers and others, the Association shouldhave a constituency that can speak for it and all publicdefense providers when the need arises.

The proposed slate of candidates for election tothe NYSDA Board of Directors, and the membershipform included with this report to encourage newpeople to join, are signs that the NYSDA of todayintends to be an even stronger advocate for the rightsof people of low income—and therefore the rights ofeveryone—in the century to come.

TrainingAlready designated by the New York State ContinuingLegal Education Board as an Accredited Provider inearly 1998, NYSDA was ready to assist public defenselawyers in meeting the Mandatory Continuing LegalEducation (MCLE) requirements instituted by theUnified Court System effective December 31, 1998.

Many economical, high-quality, practice-orientedtrainings—some annual events, some entirely new—were provided in the last year. Non-CLE events werealso sponsored.

31st Annual Meeting and ConferencePublic defense teams and their supporters gainedpractical and motivational value at the Association’sannual meeting and conference by gathering withcolleagues and recognizing the good advocacy pro-vided to poor people by many individuals and pro-grams in New York state. During the conference, heldJuly 31 through August 2 , 1998, in Corning, NewYork, three Special Recognition Awards were pre-sented. Recipients were Leonard Noisette, Neighbor-hood Defender Service, David Leven, Prisoners’ LegalServices, and Anne Erickson, Greater Upstate LawProject. NYSDA’s 1998 Service of Justice Award wasgiven to John Dunne, Senior Counsel at WhitemanOsterman & Hanna, for his many years of publicinterest work on behalf of poor people mired in thecriminal justice system.

The following training sessions (totaling 11.5MCLE hours) were offered:

• Hot Topics in DWI Defense, Peter Gerstenzang• The Identification Case: New, Noteworthy

and Novel, Miriam Hibel• The Sex Offender Registration Act After Doe

v. Pataki, Susan Hendricks• DNA Evidence—What Can It Tell You and

What Are Its Limitations? Alan Hudson• Recent Developments in Criminal Law and

Procedure, Edward Nowak• 1998 Legislative Review, Al O’Connor• Forensic Pathology: New Tools for the Defense,

Barbara Wolf• Bullet Proof Cross, David Lewis• Voir Dire on Difficult Issues, Andrea Lyon

Chief Defender ConveningsOn three occasions in the last year, the Associationconvened in Albany the heads of public defense of-fices from around the state to share their own experi-ences, learn about current programs, trends, andtechniques, and provide feedback to the Backup Cen-ter about what support efforts are most needed:

October 30, 1998—Chiefs provided informa-tion about public defense and the criminal justicesystem to Katherine Lapp, Commissioner of the Di-vision of Criminal Justice Services and Director ofCriminal Justice, and discussed current issues.

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December 4, 1998—Public defense chiefs andmembers of their staff who handle cases involving thedefense of prisoners charged with crime gathered at aspecial convening coordinated by Backup CenterStaff Attorney Sybil A. McPherson. Norman Effman,the Wyoming County Public Defender and head ofthe Attica Legal Aid Society, as well as Jerry Ader fromthe same office, and Tom Terrizzi and Robert Selcovof Prisoners’ Legal Services, shared tactics and re-sources specific to these difficult cases.

February 26, 1999—Chiefs whose jurisdictionshave a drug court, and guest Valerie Raine, ProjectDirector of the Brooklyn Treatment Court, describedbenefits and problems presented to the defense by theestablishment and running of these specialized courts,followed by a general discussion. The program wasorganized by Staff Attorney Mardi Crawford.

13th Annual New York MetropolitanTrainerFor those more than 350 lawyers who registered forthis sold-out event on March 13, 1999, the followingsessions (totaling 6.5 MCLE hours) were provided.(For those who missed the training, written materialswere made available):

• Recent Developments in Criminal Law andProcedure, Edward Nowak

• Internet Resources for NY Criminal DefenseLawyers, Charles O’Brien & Ken Strutin

• Watertight Objections: Preserving TitanicErrors from Appellate Icebergs, Lynn W. L.Fahey

• No Surprises: Anticipating Unusual Trialand Evidentiary Issues, Panel Moderated byAndrew Eibel

• Counsel or Coercion? Advising Clients to Pleador Not to Plead, Steven Zeidman

1999 Defender Institute Basic Trial SkillsProgramNew lawyers and experienced lawyers new to publicdefense trial work came to the annual Basic Trial SkillsProgram. Held at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute inTroy, New York from June 6 to 12, 1999, the programoffered training in client-centered representationskills from a national team of communications expertsand experienced trial lawyers. The 56 participants,who earned over 40 MCLE credits, came from ruraland urban counties around the state—19 counties inall. The coaches came from even more varied locales,with a diversity of experiences to match. They helpedparticipants overcome both universal and individualbarriers to peak performance in the courtroom. Theprogram addressed traditional trial skills and equallyimportant skills not always taught in trial trainingprograms, such as listening to the client, learningabout the client’s life beyond the immediately identi-fiable “facts of the case,” and using the resultinginformation to best present the client’s case.

The response from the participants was stronglypositive:

“This is why we do this work. This is why thiswork recharges us. This is why this work is aprivilege. This is the way to be effective for ourclient but especially the ‘invisible client.’ Sinceit is so different an approach, given heavycaseload, low pay and my old age, I will bedistinctively effective.”

The “jurors” who made the voir dire exercisespossible were not actors or legal colleagues, but mem-bers of the public, whose participation helped makethe training as “real” as possible for the participants:

“The jurors were great. If you can believe it,that was the first time I’ve ever done voir dire.It was thrilling. My confidence has soared. Ican do this!”

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Jenna’s Law Sentencing TrainingsThe Association responded quickly to passage in 1998of a new sentencing law dramatically changing theway many felony sentences are calculated, and replac-ing parole for violent offenders with “post-releasesupervision.” NYSDA created a CLE training pro-gram, written materials, and a training videotape,featuring easy-to-follow, step-by-step illustrations ofthe new sentence calculation rules. Backup CenterStaff Attorney Al O’Connor traveled to eight publicdefense offices across the state providing this multi-media training, to help public defense lawyers provideknowledgeable representation to clients who fallwithin the statute’s ambit. One hour or more of CLEcredit was awarded.

Immigration Law Training for CriminalDefense ProvidersThe Association continued to furnish public defenseproviders information on the harsh changes in federallaw regarding the effect of criminal proceedings onnoncitizens’ eligibility to come to and remain in theUnited States. Manuel D. Vargas, Director of theNYSDA Criminal Defense Immigration Project, waspresent at the annual conference (see above) to discussimmigration law problems with conferees, and tointroduce the new manual, Representing NoncitizenCriminal Defendants in New York State, describedmore fully below. In addition, Manny has presentedCLE trainings (for one hour or more of credit) onimmigration law affecting criminal defense over halfa dozen times, and has made presentations at lawschools, and at state, national and regional seminarsand conferences.

Internet and Other TrainingsInternet Training for Defense LawyersTrainings to help public defense providers use theInternet to economically access a wealth of legal andother information were held by the Association inNew York City on May 4, 1999, and in Syracuse, NewYork on May 26, 1999. Managing Attorney CharlieO’Brien and Information Consultant Ken Strutindemonstrated Internet sites using a computer-assistedmulti-media presentation that was itself an introduc-tion to how technology can be used to effectivelyimpart information. The training provided 2 hours ofMCLE credit.

1998 Criminal Law Update TrainerA Criminal Law Update Trainer was held in Syracuse,New York, on October 17, 1998. The program pro-vided 3 hours of CLE credit.

Monroe County Public Defender OfficeTrainerThe Association presented training which provided6 hours of MCLE credit on April 24, 1999 in Roches-ter, NY.

Fourth Department Appellate TrainingThe Association cosponsored Appellate Training withthe Appellate Division, Fourth Judicial Department,in Rochester, New York on July 10, 1999. This pro-vided 6.5 MCLE credits.

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Single Sentence— Determinate— with Violation

• YR 0: Defendant sentenced to 7 years +5 YRs post-release supervision

• YR 6 (end): Defendant released➥ (6/7 of 7 yrs.)

• Post-release Supervision Begins➥ One year (1/7) owed onsentence held in abeyance

• YR 7 (beginning): Violation➥ Post-release supervision

STOPS

• 1 YR Time Assessment➥ Charged to Penal

Sentence

• YR 7 (end): Defendant re-released➥ Post-release

supervision resumes

• YRs 8-12: Post-release Supervision

• YR 12 (end): Sentence expires

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Research, Consultation, and the

Clearinghouse

Direct Defender ServicesWhether isolated geographically, limited finan-cially, overburdened with cases, or staggering undera combination of these factors, public defenseproviders in most of New York’s counties need helpto provide the quality of representation that is re-quired. The Public Defense Backup Center, whichis contractually called upon to establish and dis-seminate materials from a national litigation bankand to engage in legal research, as well as providetraining and other services, helps public defenseproviders across the state with unusual issues anddifficult cases in a number of ways. Staff lawyersaided by legal interns use in-house computer-aidedresearch tools and databases, other electronic toolssuch as the Internet, and the Backup Center’sprinted resources to find answers to a variety ofquestions. They also used their pooled expertise toprovide consultation on tactics and presentations.Over 1,244 direct defender service requests from60 counties were received in the past year.

In addition to research and telephone consulta-tions, NYSDA staff and board members helped attor-neys in face-to-face consultations. These includedholding “moot court” oral arguments at the BackupCenter offices, site visits, and strategy sessions. TheBackup Center increased its ability to respond to theserequests and provide many other services by addingStaff Attorney Stephanie Batcheller, a former appel-late attorney in the Monroe County Public DefenderOffice, to its staff.

Criminal Defense Immigration ProjectDemand for the backup services of the CriminalDefense Immigration Project, begun last year withgrant monies in the wake of harsh and complexfederal legislation, has been so great that the Asso-ciation has continued it beyond publication of themanual (described below under Publications). Theexpertise of the Project’s director has been directlyprovided to many public defense lawyers, as well asto many others, through articles in the Association’smonthly newsletter and training programs, de-scribed elsewhere. In addition, he has had articlespublished in the New York Law Journal, and has hada “Removal Defense Checklist,” originally pre-pared as training material, reprinted in Bender’sImmigration Bulletin.

Public EducationThe Association has provided information about theright to counsel and the criminal justice system di-rectly to the public, through provision of informationto those who called the Backup Center over the pastyear and through appearances of the Association’sExecutive Director onradio and in schoolprograms. Through itsparticipation in theGideon Coalition, abroad-based group oforganizations support-ing improvements inthe provision of coun-sel to low-income peo-ple, the Association hascontributed to the dissemination of public informa-tion through the media and in public forums. TheCoalition prepared a brochure describing the provi-sion of counsel in New York State and the role of theAssociation and other defense providers; the brochureis available from the Backup Center.

Technical Assistance and

Legislative AnalysisNYSDA’s contract with the state calls for the Associa-tion to (among many other mandates) “assess andanalyze the public defense system, identify problemareas and propose solutions in the form of specificrecommendations to the Governor, the Legislature,the Judiciary and other appropriate instrumentali-ties.” In the past year, NYSDA has taken severalactions to fulfill that mandate, as well as to providetechnical assistance to counties and others, as thecontract also requires. For example, NYSDA’s Execu-tive Director is a member of the DCJS’s SteeringCommittee of the Record Sealing Standard PracticesProject. Other activities are described below.

League of Women Voters and NYSDAHearings on Public DefenseTo help overcome the difficulty of discussing publicdefense services and related issues in a state with over100 autonomous, county-level public defense sys-tems, four fact-finding hearings on public defenseissues of common concern were held across New Yorkby NYSDA and the Leagues of Women Voters of NewYork State, the City of New York, Rochester Metro-politan Area, Syracuse Metro Area, and AlbanyCounty. Defense attorneys, community advocates,

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county officials—including county executives,budget/ finance officers, and county managers—statelegislative leadership, judges, bar association repre-sentatives, alternative to incarceration providers, andformer public defense clients were invited to partici-pate. More than 80 people appeared to testify, and adozen more sent written comments.

A primary goal of the hearings was to preliminar-ily identify what is and is not working in order to assistthe state and localities improve the quality of defenseservices for poor people. Among the problems docu-mented were:

The state and localities have failed to recognize thecriminal justice process as a system, in which changesto one segment affects others. Increased resources forlaw enforcement and prosecutors have resulted in morearrests and prosecutions, which have placed additionalburdens on the court system, including public defense.Yet public defense attorneys, who often represent 70%or more of all criminal cases in a given county, are facedwith stagnant or reduced budgets.

While the state has provided somefunding for indigent defense, the

primary responsibility has remainedlocal. The localities were also giventhe right to choose whether indigent

defense will be provided by theestablishment of public defender

offices, by contracting with legal aidsocieties, by assigned counsel at thestatutorial fixed rate or by mixed

scheme. Thus, along with the need toraise 18-b rates, there is a need to

monitor county and municipalfunding of public defender offices

and legal aid programs to ensure thelocalities meet the constitutionalobligations delegated to them.

—Susan Lindenauer, New York State BarAssociation, Criminal Justice Section

The resources available to prosecutors and lawenforcement have grown significantly, especiallycompared to the resources available to public defenseoffices, making effective representation of clientsmore difficult.

Federal and state constitutional rights to compe-tent and effective defense services are in jeopardy

because stagnant fees have caused the roster of avail-able, experienced attorneys to shrink. Attorneys whoremain are forced to decide if they should limit theservices they provide in order to stay within statutoryfee limits, or subsidize the state by paying for consti-tutionally required services themselves. There wasunanimous agreement among attorneys, county of-ficials, and judges that the assigned counsel fees aretoo low and must be raised. However, any plan toraise assigned counsel fees or increase other publicdefense funding can create as well as solve problemsif not carefully designed. For example, state reim-bursement for increased costs to only one type ofpublic defense system, such as assigned counsel,amounts to state endorsement of that system, inter-fering with county planning.

The fact of the matter is that when Idid argue at the Court of Appeals my

rate was reduced about $600 or$700. This was on a case that had

statewide significance. . . . TheFourth Department has also cut myvouchers on occasion. I understandthat they perceive this—some judges

may perceive handling assignedcounsel as having a pro bono aspectto it, but when you are in private

practice getting paid $25 or $40 anhour, there’s pro bono there out the

Wazoo at the beginning." —Gary Muldoon, Assigned Counsel

Attorney, Monroe County

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Assigned attorneys investigate, meet their clients,research and prepare the case, appear in court andcomplete their work on a case before receiving com-pensation, but several witnesses testified that theirvouchers were sometimes cut, without explanation orsimply to save money. Out-of-pocket expenses andreduced vouchers led to an $11,000 personal loss forone attorney handling a case in the Court of Appealsfor a client of low income.

The quality of representation in public defenseservices suffers due to a lack of resources—over-whelming caseloads, lack of training, lack of standardsto guide the profession, and the previously outlinedlow compensation.

There’s no discussion ever of quality.There is only a discussion of cheapness,how cheap can you do it [provide public

defense services].

—Edward Nowak, Public DefenderMonroe County

Training, essential to assist public defense attor-neys in dealing with changes in the law such asincreasingly harsh sentencing statutes and in skilldevelopment, is often beyond the financial reach ofpublic defense offices. The recent implementation ofMandatory Continuing Legal Education require-ments for attorneys in New York State is an additionalstrain. Not only is there no adequate training line inmany public defense budgets, the programs are un-derstaffed and cannot maintain their workload ifattorneys are sent to training. Public defense trainingspecific to the issues and concerns surrounding therepresentation of poor people in criminal matters isdifficult to obtain.

What kind of training is needed?The key area is to teach them to recognizemental illness and figure out if the personhas mental illness or not, . . . Also, to be

conversant with what mental healthservices are available locally. This is so

they can talk to the judge about the kindof treatment program needed, such as the

[Mentally Ill Chemically Abusive]program. The attorney needs specificknowledge about local services, too.

—Roy Neville, PresidentAlliance for the Mentally Ill, Schenectady

Work continues on preparation of an ExecutiveSummary of the hearings.

Comments to the Committee to PromotePublic Trust and Confidence in the LegalSystem In preparation for a May, 1999 National Conferenceon Building Public Trust and Confidence in the Jus-tice System, Chief Judge Judith S. Kaye and ChiefAdministrative Judge Jonathan Lippman appointed a31-member committee to identify issues affecting thepublic’s trust in the state’s justice system. At the Com-mittee’s invitation, NYSDA provided a statement thatdescribed how the neglect of public defense serviceshas unbalanced the justice system, resulting in unfair-ness that breeds a legitimate lack of public trust. TheCommittee’s report does call for, among other things,an increase in funding for public defenders’ officesand in compensation for assigned counsel, a perma-nent fund for civil legal services, and law student loanforgiveness programs for those who work in officesrepresenting low income clients.

Comments to the New York State BarAssociation on Proposed LegislationEstablishing a Commission to Investigatethe Adequacy of Assigned Counsel FeesAt the invitation of the State Bar Association’s Presi-dent, James C. Moore, NYSDA analyzed and pro-vided comments on a proposal from the stateJudiciary to legislatively establish a “Commission toInvestigate the Adequacy of Rates of Compensationfor State-Paid Assigned Counsel.” While finding thatthere might be positive aspects to a legislative measure

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establishing an independent, state-wide commissionto study or administer the provision of counsel topeople with low income, NYSDA recommendedagainst the drafted proposal. The timeline for theproposed commission would have delayed any raisein fees until April of 2000, but as the NYSDA/Leaguehearings show, there is no need for further study toknow that current fees are inadequate. Furthermore,the commission as proposed was not sufficiently in-dependent to meet national standards for statewidepublic defense supervisory bodies. The proposed leg-islation was not introduced.

Gideon CoalitionIn addition to the public education activities de-scribed earlier, NYSDA and other members of theGideon Coalition used the March anniversary of theUnited States Supreme Court right-to-counsel deci-sion, Gideon v. Wainwright, to speak with state legis-lators and staff about the constitutional and socialimportance of public defense, and about the currentcrisis of underfunding and neglect.

Publications

Representing Noncitizen CriminalDefendants in New York State A manual on immigration law for criminal defenseteams was introduced at the 31st Annual Meeting andConference by its author, Manuel D. Vargas, head ofNYSDA’s Criminal Defense Immigration Project.

The manual has proven immensely popular and help-ful to attorneys not only across New York State, butnationally. Over 700 manuals have been distributed.Funding for initial production and distribution of themanual was provided by the Emma Lazarus Fund andthe Center on Crime, Communities and Culture, ofthe Open Society Institute.

Public Defense Backup Center REPORTThe NYSDA newsletter, published ten times a year,completed in 1998 its thirteenth year of helpingpublic defense providers keep current on legal issuesand other developments that affect them. Case digestsof recent, relevant decisions continued to appear inevery issue (and then become available in searchable

electronic form in the Case Digest System, describedbelow). The REPORT received a number of requeststo reprint its articles in the past year. With the adventof Mandatory Continuing Legal Education, the“Seminars and Conferences” section of the REPORTbecame more important to readers than ever. As asmall palliative for the closing of Prisoners’ LegalServices offices across the state due to PLS’s removalfrom last year’s state budget, the Association begansending the REPORT into the state’s prison libraries.The REPORT is just one of many items now publish-ed on NYSDA’s web site as well as in print form, asdescribed below.

Materials at www.nysda.orgChanges to the Association’s web site in the past yearallowed the latest Public Defense Backup Center REPORTto be posted before print copies could be producedand mailed. Other information available at the website during the past twelve months included a list ofthe heads of public defense offices across the state(“Chief Defender List”), the report entitled “Deter-mining Eligibility for Appointed Counsel in NewYork State: A Report from the Public Defense BackupCenter” (1994), and a list of other print materialsavailable from the Backup Center. Work on a re-designed, expanded web site was to culminate in thenew site’s expected unveiling as described below, withmuch information newly-published on the Internet,in July, 1999.

New York S tateDefenders AssociationCriminal Defense ImmigrationProject

RepresentingRepresentingNoncitizenNoncitizenCriminal Defendants inCriminal Defendants inNew York StateNew York State

byManuel D. Vargas

A P U B L I C A T I O N O F T H E D E F E N D E R I N S T I T U T E

Defender News Gradess Garners Public Service Award

The Executive Director of NYSDA, Jonathan Gradess,received a Distinguished Public Service Award for Outstand-ing Contribution to Public Service from the Nelson A. Rocke-feller College of Public Affairs and Policy of the University atAlbany, State University of New York. Presenting the award ata ceremony on May 21, 1999 was Associate Professor JamesAcker of the School of Criminal Justice, Rockefeller College.

Assigned Counsel Fees Remain Hot TopicLong an issue for the public defense bar, concern about

the effects of New York state’s low assigned counsel rates hasrecently been expressed by others as well.

Chief Judge Calls for Fee IncreaseCourt of Appeals Judge Judith Kaye held a press confer-

ence on June 2, 1999 in support of raising assigned counselfees. Stating that stagnant fees were making it increasinglyhard to find attorneys to represent those unable to affordcounsel, Kaye said: “In recognition of the grave situation thisis creating for our system of justice, the entire legal commu-nity stands united today in calling for immediate increasesin these fees.”

Judicial and Law Enforcement Support ShownKaye was joined by the presiding justices of the Appel-

late Divisions’ First and Third Departments, and law en-forcement officials including a representative from AttorneyGeneral Eliot Spitzer’s office and Onondaga County DistrictAttorney and NYS District Attorneys Association PresidentWilliam J. Fitzpatrick. Fitzpatrick was quoted in the TimesUnion coverage of the event, saying “I don’t know any law-yer, from Brooklyn to Buffalo to Massena, that can possiblymake ends meet at $25 an hour.” Also joining in the pressconference were the presidents of the State Bar Association,New York County Lawyers Association and the Associationof the Bar of the City of New York.

Attached to the Court of Appeals press release werestatistics showing a decline in the number of attorneys onassigned counsel panels, the impact of that decline on the

courts, including delays and disruption, and the impact onattorneys—since fees were last increased, the cost of livinghas gone up approximately 47%.

AC Fees Contrast to Other Legal RecompenseContrasts abound to the current assigned counsel rates,

dating from 1986, of $25 out of court and $40 in court. Theattorney for one of two police officers charged and acquittedof brutality in a recent high-profile Albany case will bill thecity $150 an hour out of court and $200 in court. (Times Union,6/16/99.) A national survey of law firms showed that in 1998,half of firm partners billed at a rate of $200-$300 per hour,while only 3.9 percent billed at under $150 per hour. Associ-ates who graduated in 1997 averaged billings of $139 perhour. (ABA/BNA Lawyers’ Manual on Professional Conduct, p.39, 2/17/99.) Across the nation, appropriations for indigentdefense increased last year. (Indigent Defense [publication ofthe National Legal Aid and Defenders Association (NLADA)],March/April 1999.)

This year the New York legislature has taken a break inmid-June without acting on fees, and without passing a statebudget, leaving public defense providers and others notincluded in an interim budget bill on a fiscal cliff edge.

Federal Fees andFunds Also NewsLess than two weeks

after the U.S. Departmentof Justice’s observance ofMay 1 as Law Day, inwhich the importance ofindigent defense receivedsome mention, PresidentBill Clinton announced anew crime bill that wouldprovide millions of dollarsfor additional prosecutorsand police—and nothingfor defense. (The CriminalPractice Report, Vol. 13, No.10, 5/19/99.)

��

VOLUME XIV NUMBER 5 June 1999

� �� 1 Defender News5 Conferences & Seminars6 Job Opportunities6 Resources Sighted, Cited,

or Sited7 Defense Practice Tips9 Immigration Practice Tips

11 Case Digest:11 US Supreme Court13 NY Court of Appeals17 First Department21 Second Department22 Third Department23 Fourth Department

N e w Y o r k S t a t e D e f e n d e r s A s s o c i a t i o n

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Defender AutomationThanks to a great Information Systems team, theBackup Center’s computer network was moved to thenew office space with a minimum of headache for thesystems’ users, and avoided infection with any of thecomputer viruses that plagued many organizations inearly 1999. MIS Director David L. Austin and Infor-mation Systems Specialist James Pogorzelski, alongwith Managing Attorney Charles F. O’Brien, alsoworked to ensure that the Association will experienceminimal computer problems at the beginning of theyear 2000 due to the “Y2K” problem. NYSDA wasfortunate to receive assistance from AbirNet, Inc.,which provided SessionWall-3 Internet/Intranetprotection and monitoring software for security andauditing. In addition to maintenance and improve-ment of its in-house information technology, NYSDAembarked on or continued a number of automationprojects to assist public defense providers.

Web Site RedesignAs noted above, a great deal of work was done in thepast year at the Backup Center to prepare a redesignedweb site that will make useful information quickly and

inexpensively available to public defense providerswho are short on resources and long on informationneeds. A new web server was installed, bringing theweb page in-house for easier and faster updating.Conscious of the Internet’s value as a research tool, ateam of lawyers and information specialists worked tobring together the best sources on the Internet forcriminal defense practitioners, as well as to providemore original NYSDA material than had previouslybeen accessible. The Association appreciated the gen-erosity of Tetranet Software Incorporated, whose do-nated web-site testing and maintenance software—Tetranet Bot Suite (LinkBot, Wisebot, MetaBot) —was used extensively in the site’s development.

Public Defense Case ManagementSystem (PDCMS)The Public Defense Case Management System(PDCMS), a long-term project of the Association,was designed specifically for public defense offices. Itaids in gathering crucial information for trackingclients, cases, and events and reporting on those cases.A Name Search screen allows viewing every name inthe database and the relationship the name has for

The Public Defense Case Management System Main Screen outlines client, case, and event information.

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each case with which it is associated. This helpsprevent the duplicate entry of names and alertsoffices that a conflict may exist even before a nameis entered into the system. In addition, conflictinformation is displayed throughout the system toassist offices in determining if a conflict exists. ThePDCMS can also be used to automatically generateletters to clients and labels for files. The system offersflexibility to create a variety of reports using All Pur-pose Reports and calculates the totals for state report-ing such as the Aid to Defense (ATD) Report and theUCS-195 Report. The system also contains the DCJSCharge Table.

PDCMS was recently installed in the Rocklandand Schenectady county public defense offices. TheMonroe County PD office is currently running anearlier version of the system and plans have been madeto install the newest version in that office in thecoming fall. Work was nearly completed to convertthe computer application that runs the PDCMS tothe latest version of Magic (version 8). In addition,plans were made to install the system in several otherpublic defense offices this summer and fall, amongthem, Chemung, Wayne, and Rensselaer counties.

The PDCMS has received a very positive receptionso far. The NYSDA team responsible for its develop-ment, including Information Specialist Darlene Dollardand Managing Attorney Charlie O’Brien, look forwardto demonstrating the system in other offices.

Case Digest System (CDS)A cost-efficient, easy-to-use electronic research tool,NYSDA’s CDS (Windows format) contains over6,000 New York and United States Supreme Courtcase summaries taken from the Public Defense BackupCenter REPORT since 1987. Production and distribu-tion of the CDS, which is available on a subscriptionbasis, was made possible in part by the generosity ofaskSam Systems, which provided askSam free-form database software and application developmentconsultation.

Amicus ActivityAmong the ways that the Association met its contrac-tual obligation to make specific recommendationsconcerning public defense to the Judiciary in the lastyear was by filing or joining amicus briefs in five cases.

The Multiple Conflict Check Report is one place possible conflict information is displayed.

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Counsel Advocated for Clients in CourtProceedings Concerning Drug Treatment NYSDA argued that a defendant whose plea bar-gain included drug treatment should have hadcounsel in proceedings at which a court was decid-ing, after the defendant violated a rule of the treat-ment program, whether to allow the defendant tocontinue in a Treatment Alternatives to Street Crimeprogram or to schedule a sentence date. The amicusbrief was written by Backup Center Staff AttorneyAl O’Connor and filed in December, 1998. Unfor-tunately, the Court of Appeals ruled in People v[Raphael] Garcia, No. 24 (2/16/99) that so long ascounsel was present at the sentencing proceeding atwhich incarceration was imposed, the right to counselwas not violated by the absence of counsel at theearlier proceedings.

A Defendant’s Waiver of Counsel forProsecutor’s Appeal Must be ExplicitA criminal defendant represented by retained coun-sel at the trial level who did not respond to theprosecution’s appeal may not be deemed to havewaived counsel absent record evidence that the de-

fendant had been informed of the right to counselon the appeal and had waived that right. The Courtof Appeals so ruled in People v [Jovani] Garcia, No.28 (2/23/99). The defendant’s position was sup-ported by The Legal Aid Society of New York Cityand the Association in a joint amicus brief,writtenby John Schoeffel of the LAS’s Criminal AppealsBureau, filed in September, 1998.

Youthful Offender Adjudications ShouldNot Support DeportationThrough briefs written by Manny Vargas, Director ofNYSDA’s Criminal Defense Immigration Project, theAssociation advocated in July of 1998 (Matter ofAncellin-Taylor) and again in March, 1999 (Matter ofPereira) that the Board of Immigration Appeals finda New York Youthful Offender adjudication does notconstitute a criminal conviction within the meaningof the federal immigration laws. The second brief wasfiled following the Board’s ruling in Matter of Roldan-Santoyo, Int. Dec. #3377 (BIA 3/3/99) that dismissalof a case following the defendant’s successful comple-tion of probation does constitute a conviction forimmigration purposes.

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Candidates for Election to the Board of Directors

The Nominating Committee has selected the follow-ing candidates for election to the Board of Directorsat the 1999 Annual Meeting of the Association.

For a one-year term:Andrew C. FineRobert M. O’LearyLouise Perrotta

For a two-year term:John H. Ciulla, Jr.Michele MaxianNorman ShapiroWilliam P. Sullivan, Jr.

For a three-year term:Norman P. EffmanPeter L. McShaneLeonard E. NoisetteEdward J. Nowak

Following is a short biographical sketch on eachnominee for office.

John H. Ciulla, Jr. is Public Defender of SaratogaCounty. A graduate of Albany Law School, Mr. Ciullais a member and past president of the Saratoga CountyBar Association and a member and past delegate ofthe New York State Bar Association. He was the 1997recipient of the NYSBA Denison Ray Indigent Crimi-nal Defender Award. Mr. Ciulla was first elected toNYSDA’s Board in 1992.

Norman P. Effman is Executive Director of the Wyo-ming County-Attica Legal Aid Bureau and PublicDefender of Wyoming County. Mr. Effman receivedhis J.D. from SUNY Buffalo in 1968. He serves onthe Executive Committee of the New York State BarAssociation Criminal Justice Section and co-chairs itsCommittee on Correctional Systems. He was therecipient of the NYSBA Criminal Justice SectionAward for Outstanding Contribution to the Deliveryof Defense Services in 1984 and its Award for Out-standing Contribution in the Field of CorrectionalServices in 1996. Mr. Effman has lectured on post-trial criminal practice for the New York State BarAssociation and is a contributing author to New YorkCriminal Practice Handbook. Mr. Effman was firstelected to the NYSDA Board in 1995.

Andrew C. Fine is Senior Supervising Attorney in theCriminal Appeals Bureau of The Legal Aid Society ofNew York, and a member of NYSDA’s Amicus Com-mittee. He has been a member of NYSDA’s Boardsince 1990.

Michele Maxian is Attorney-in-Charge of the Crimi-nal Defense Division of The Legal Aid Society of NewYork. Ms. Maxian, a graduate of Rutgers UniversityLaw School, has been a criminal defense and civilrights attorney for over 20 years. She regularly pro-vides training at NYSDA programs on a variety ofcriminal practice topics. Ms. Maxian was first electedby the Board to fill a vacancy in January 1999.

Peter L. McShane, a Vice-President of NYSDA’sBoard of Directors, is a Supervising Attorney in theCriminal Defense Division of The Legal Aid Societyof New York, Bronx County. He received his J.D.from New York University School of Law in 1973.Mr. McShane is a member of the faculty of NYSDA’sDefender Institute and has served on NYSDA’s Boardof Directors since 1980.

Leonard E. Noisette is Director of the NeighborhoodDefender Service in New York City. He received hisJ.D. from New York University School of Law in1984. Mr. Noisette serves on NYSDA’s Member-ship/Development Committee and is a member ofthe Defender Institute faculty. He currently serves asthe Association’s designee to the Board of the NewYork State Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers.Mr. Noisette serves on the Board of Directors of theNational Legal Aid and Defender Association, is afrequent lecturer for the criminal defense clinics atNew York University and City University of New Yorklaw schools, and has taught at NLADA’s DefenderInstitute. Mr. Noisette was first elected to the NYSDABoard in 1995.

Edward J. Nowak, President of NYSDA’s Board ofDirectors, is Public Defender of Monroe County. Mr.Nowak received his J.D. from Albany Law School in1974. He also serves as Chairman of NYSDA’s Ami-cus Committee, and he is a member of the ExecutiveCommittee of the New York State Bar Association’sCriminal Justice Section and co-chair of its Subcom-

14

mittee on Discovery. Mr. Nowak has been a memberof NYSDA’s Board of Directors since 1980.

Robert M. O’Leary is Public Defender of BroomeCounty. A 1974 graduate of Hofstra UniversitySchool of Law, Mr. O’Leary has served as a lecturerfor the New York State Bar Association and theBroome County Bar Association in their continuinglegal education programs. He is also an adjunct facultymember of Binghamton University and BroomeCounty Community College, where he teachescourses in criminal justice and paralegal studies. Mr.O’Leary was first elected to NYSDA’s Board in 1990.

Louise Perrotta is a Senior Staff Attorney in the TrialBureau of the Legal Aid Society of Suffolk County.She received her J.D. from Hofstra University Schoolof Law in 1977. Ms. Perrotta serves as Co-Chair ofNYSDA’s Membership/Development Committee.She is a member of the Suffolk County Criminal BarAssociation, the National Association of CriminalDefense Lawyers, the New York State Association ofCriminal Defense Lawyers, the National Legal Aidand Defender Association and the Catholic LawyersGuild. Ms. Perrotta was first elected to the NYSDABoard in 1992.

Norman Shapiro, a Vice-President of NYSDA’sBoard of Directors, is a private practitioner inGoshen, New York. He received his LL.B. fromBrooklyn Law School in 1952 and his J.D. in 1967.Mr. Shapiro is a member of NYSDA’s Member-ship/Development Committee and the DOJ/NIJTechnical Working Group on Crime Scene Investiga-tion. He has been an Assistant Professor of PoliceScience at Orange County Community College anda member of the active class of the InternationalAssociation of Arson Investigators. Mr. Shapiro hasbeen a member of NYSDA since 1968.

William P. Sullivan, Jr., a private practitioner fromIthaca, New York, is also a member of NYSDA’sMembership/Development Committee. Mr. Sullivanreceived his J.D. from State University of New York

at Buffalo in 1968. He is a member of the Board ofDirectors of the New York State Association of Crimi-nal Defense Lawyers and serves as the Sixth JudicialDistrict representative to the Executive Committee ofthe New York State Bar Association Criminal JusticeSection. A member of the National Association ofCriminal Defense Lawyers and the Tompkins CountyCriminal Justice Association, Mr. Sullivan has beenan adjunct instructor of criminal justice at TompkinsCortland Community College and a participatingattorney with the Cornell University Law SchoolCriminal Justice Clinic. He was first elected to theNYSDA Board in 1992.

Proposed 1999-2000 New York State

Defenders Association, Inc. Board of

DirectorsTerm expires 2000:

Andrew C. FineMark J. MahoneyRobert M. O’LearyJohn W. Parker, IIILouise PerrottaStephen J. PittariMarvin E. SchechterDavid Steinberg

Term expires 2001:John H. Ciulla, Jr.Susan R. HornDavid L. LewisMichele MaxianMerble H. ReagonNorman ShapiroWilliam P. Sullivan, Jr.Marsha Weissman

Term expires 2002:Norman P. EffmanPeter L. McShaneLeonard E. NoisetteEdward J. Nowak

15

1999 NYSDA Members

Anthony D. AbbarnoGary AbramsonDario AceitunoF. Stanton AckermanCarl F.W. AdamecJohn A. AdamoSalvatore C. AdamoChristine AdamowiczDavid R. AddelmanMartin B. AdelmanFern AdelsteinJerry M. AderDavid J. Adinolfi, IIEric AdlerBurton C. AgataLouis R. AidalaMichael M. AlbaneseVictor J. Alfieri, Jr.Frank AllegrettiDomenic AlongiMichael AlpersteinMichael D. AltmanRalph F. AmbrosioFrancis C. AmendolaMichael C. AnastasiouKevin M. AndersenElizabeth AndersonLawrence J. AndolinaDolores AndrewsJohn J. AndrewsWilliam P. AndrewsThomas E. AndruschatJohn AngeMarina AngelThomas M. AnsuiniJoan AntonikFrancis J. ApicellaJoseph L. ArbourMichael AronowskyMichael AttanasioTimothy E. AustinMassad F. AyoobBernard BacharachBarbara A. BaggottJames A. BakerBarry J. BakerSipeSunil BakshiWilliam L. BaldufJoseph J. Balok, Jr.

Hilary C. BankerCarl C. BannoPaul BarahalRichard J. BarbutoTina M. BardakFrank BariPeter D. BarkWilliam BarnasonDavid K. BarnesTodd BarnetBruce BaronNathaniel Barone, IILaurie BarronMichael E. BasilePeter J. Batalla, Jr.Paul A. BattisteRobin J. BauerRuth E. BaumHarold BealeRichard E. BeamanRobert H. BeckArnold BeckerJohn BedaskaRonald J. BekoffMyron BeldockGeorge S. BellantoniChristopher J. BelterSteven B. BengartMargot S. BennettMichele G. BergevinJoyce BerkowitzLeonard BerkowitzRobert BerkunJerrold BermanAdele BernhardSamuel BernsteinAmbar BhargavaOliver BickelRobbie BillingsleyStephen BirdAlan BirnholzDeborah J. BischofNancy J. BizubDale A. Black-PenningtonDavid BlackleyA. Brent BlacksburgGeorge R. Blair, Jr.Jon S. BlechmanMary Ann Bliznik

David M. BlockJoel BlumenfeldVirginia BoccioWayne C. BoddenDaniel BoeckRichard C. BoehmElyse K. BohmRobert BolmMelissa BonaldesKeith N. BondAdrianne BonifacioMichael BorderaBertrand G. BosmansBernetta A. BourcyAlan J. BozerRichard A. BradenElinor BraitmanKirk R. BrandtJohn BraslowStephen N. BrayRoger BrazillJoyce E. BrennerMark H. BrennerNancy Brenner-DeAngeloDominick J. BrignolaSteven BrillVictor L. BrizelSteven BrockettEdward J. BrockmanHoward K. BroderFelice A. BrodskyMatthew E. BrooksIra BrownScott BrownHardy R. Brownell, Jr.Kenneth E. BruceRobert J. BrunettiJustin C. BrusgulJayson A. BrustmanMichael M. BryantLinda BucherTimothy M. BulgerRaymond W. BulsonAnn E. BunkerWilliam T. BurkeCatherine A. BurklyThomas K. BurnistonThomas A. BurnsJennifer Burton

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Thomas E. ButlerFrank L. BybelBarbara ByrneSusan CablePaul M. CallahanSusan CalvelloOttavio CampanellaSanto CampanellaKevin B. CampbellLinda M. CampbellVictoria CampbellWilliam V. CanaleDominic Paul CandinoThomas J. CannaroJoseph Carbone, Jr.Antonio CardarelliJ. Roberto CardenasKimberly M. CareySusan C. CareyKathleen M. CarmodyEileen CarneyJohn J. Carney, IIICarol CarozzaJay CarrRobert E. CarriganJames W. CarrollJohn CarterFrank CarusoJason M. CarusoneGeorge R. CasoChristopher CassarMichael J. CatalfimoMarco CavigliaJoseph F. CawleyIrving CentorFrancis J. CeravoloNancy ChadrjianSteven ChaikinJeffrey ChamberlainElsie ChandlerJohn D. CharlesJames S. ChatwinNeil CheckmanDaniel J. ChiacchiaDavid ChidekelDeborah A. ChimesLeslie ChingThomas W. ChristopherSanford A. ChurchIlissa B. ChurginJulie CiancaMark F. Cianca

Ronald M. CinelliErica G. CiofferoMartin CirincioneJohn H. Ciulla, Jr.David M. CiviletteJames D. ClarkMatthew J. ClarkPeter ClarkJohn ClarkePercival A. ClarkeDennis ClausDavid W. ClaytonFrances S. ClementeTheodore H. ClementsMichael P. ClohessyBryan J. CoakleyStephen R. CoffeyDavid Louis CohenLawrence Martin CohnRichard H. ColeMichael ColemanAnthony J. ColleluoriMichael J. CollesanoClyde CollinsCornelius F. CollinsMark J. CollinsRichard D. CollinsGeorge V. Collins, IIIFroso ColomvakosElisabeth ColucciRobert ColvinKevin M. ColwellNilo V. ConcepcionJoseph R. ConnellyThomas P. Connelly, IIIFrank A. ConnorDaniel C. ConnorsTerrence M. ConnorsFrancis J. ConstantineKathleen M. ContrinoRobert N. ConvissarPeter R. CoopermanJoel CoppermanNancy Eraca CornishPaul Keely CostelloDavid B. CotterTheodore J. G. CotterEdward H. CoughlinRobert A. CovilleKenneth G. CrannaPaul Crapsi, Jr.Mardi Crawford

James CreanJohn M. CromwellAnthony R. CuetoJohn CullenCharles CummingsChristopher CurleyTimothy CurtissSteven P. CurvinThomas W. Cusimano, Jr.Robert J. CuttingCraig M. CwickThomas C. D’AgostinoMichael DahowskiPeter DaileyVictor G. Daly-RiveraJavier DamienDana M. DantonioJoyce B. DavidFrazier DavidsonSteven DavidsonCarlos DavilaJames H. DavisRobert P. DavisScott M. DavisTimothy S. DavisAlan R. DayKeith D. DaytonRobert S. DeanDonald J. DeAngelusRonald P. DeAngelusJoseph F. DeFelicePeter J. DegnanTimothy W. DeJohnArthur L. Del Negro, Jr.David DelbaumVincent M. DelGiudicePaul G. DellSheila Ryan DeLucaJoseph R. DeMatteoThomas J. DeMayoDavid F. DerricoCatherine C. DeSantoMichael L. DesautelsDale DesnoyersThomas A. DeuschleEugene P. DevineCarl deVyverAnthony P. DiamondAndrew J. DickTerry DiFilippoLaura M. DilimetinDavid M. DiMatteo

1999 NYSDA Members (continued)

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Mitchell DinnersteinMark A. DoaneJohn James DockryEric P. DohertyJames F. DonlonJoseph F. DonnellyMary M. DonogherDavid C. DonohueKelly J. DonohueLawrence DonovanKara Mackey DopmanArthur J. Doran, IIIAlfred DorfmanAlvin DorfmanCecile D. Mathis DorliaeJohn W. DornEugene DoughertyWilliam J. DowlingVincent E. Doyle, IIIGerald M. DriscollMichael C. DriscollTimothy B. DriscollCurtis P. DrownRobert B. DruarDrew DuBrinLorin DuckmanGerard DuffySheila DuganDavid M. DuguayThomas N. DulinGeorge T. DunnRobert C. DunnJeffrey M. DvorinSidney H. DworetRobert E. DwyerRobert A. EarlDaniel G. EckerLouis A. EckerEllen EdwardsPaul R. EdwardsNorman EffmanMartin I. EfmanKenneth EhrenbergAndrew EibelGary EisenbergDavid P. EklovitchMichael S. EldridgeJames EllerbyA. Irene ElliottJohn E. ElliottJohn V. ElmoreJosephus Etheridge

Joel S. EzraMary J. FaheyHerald Price FahringerGioacchino FalsoneFrank S. FalzoneCurtis FarberDavid FarmanGary FarrellEric M. FayerJames L. FeckGustave M. FehrerMichael A. FeitSamuel FeldmanMichael J. FelicianoWayne FelleDavid R. FergusonNoemi FernandezJohn FerraraBrian FigerouxGregory A. FinaAndrew C. FineDaniel V. FinneranRobert A. FiordalisoRobert J. FisherEdmund Fitzgerald, Jr.Susan D. FitzpatrickJeremiah M. FlahertyBobby FlunoryRobert H. FlynnC. Kenneth FoitSteve FondulisAnn E. FordJerry A. FowlerRussell E. FoxVincent J. FrancisWilliam FrankAndrew J. FreedmanMonroe H. FreedmanDavid E. FretzDaniel FriedmanDonald N. FriesKim FrohlingerMark D. FunkDaniel J. FurlongNeal FuterfasWilliam G. GaborEdward J. Gaffney, Jr.Ben GainerLouis J. Galgano, IIIEdward GalisonFred S. GallinaPauline M. Galvin

James M. GannaloRobert F. GannonFrancis G. GanunEdwin GarciaPedro GarciaJohn P. GardnerRobert I. GardnerThomas F. GarnerRonald L. GarnettNancy GaroSelena J. GarrJohn M. GarrityPatrick GarrityJohn B. Garrity, Jr.Robert L. GartnerSandra J. GarufyAlbert A. GaudelliDiane GearyKaren GeedyThomas GellerGiovanni GenoveseHoward GerberEnid GerlingDennis A. GermainWallace M. GermainBennett L. GershmanPeter GerstenzangDaniel P. GerwigJon P. GetzPaul GianelliJaime A. GiannettaJoseph GianniniJohn W. Gibbon, IIDavid GideonKevin P. GilleeceLee GinsbergJoseph GirardiEdward GoehlerR. Brian GoeweyJoseph F. GoganMartin R. GoldbergRichard S. GoldbergSteven P. GoldenbergJan D. GoldmanLawrence S. GoldmanRobert I. GoldmanJohn GoldsmithDavid J. GoldsteinRobert M. GoldsteinDavid GoodmanDavid M. GoodmanMartin J. Goodman


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Madeleine GoodrichClifford GordonWinston GordonShirley A. GormanRobert GosperKelly GothamRobert GottliebSidney T. GoulbourneRichard A. GouldJonathan E. GradessRoger S. GradessSebastian GraffeoTerry GrangerDaniel P. GrassoJean M. Graziani-GreinertBarbara GreatheadAlice GreenCharles GreenbergRichard GreenbergMichael GreenspanLee D. GreensteinJames F. GreenwaldArthur W. GreigJohn C. GrennellJohn A. GreshamDaniel M. GriebelWilliam P. Griffin, IIIPhillip A. Grimaldi, Jr.Mark GrisantiGeorge GroglioStephen A. GrossmanVictor G. GrossmanCarol GrumbachPaul L. GrunerRaymond Bernhard GrunewaldJohn A. GuarneriBenedict S. GulloAmy Cobert HaberPaul H. HadleyNorman J. HaggertyLawrence HalfondRonald J. HallJohn S. Hall, Jr.Robert B. Hallborg, Jr.Thomas P. HalleyC. Joseph Hallinan, Jr.James E. HalpinEdward R. HammockFrank J. HancockAnnette M. HardingJake HarperM. Jerald Harrell

James P. HarringtonJane Michalek HarringtonJeffrey M. HarringtonPatricia A. HarringtonJill HarrisJudith L. HarrisNeal HarrisLynne L. HarrisonCharles J. HartRonald P. HartJames M. HartmannMaria Barous HartofilisAdrienne Flipse HauschGerald V. HayesJames HayesM. Alan HaysThomas HegemanDavid S. HellerLawrence I. HellerSanders D. HellerElihu HendonSusan HendricksPeter HennerDaniel Henry, Jr.Warren C. HerlandAngela HernandezMichael H. A. HeronPhilip HershVirgil W. HerveyNicholas W. HicksGeorge F. HildebrandtWayne A. Hill, Jr.James S. HinmanMary P. HinzGillian HirschMarvin HirschHollis M. HiteAndrew J. HobikaWinston HobsonKaren HochbergLaurie HoeferJack S. HoffingerAlan S. HoffmanSteven HoffnerDavid Clifford HollandGregory G. Hoover, Sr.Susan R. HornGary A. HortonMark D. HoskenTodd HouslangerHenry E. HowardMichael C. Howard

M. Mark HowdenRobert A. HufjayMarsha A. HuntAnne HunterPaul V. HurleyPhillip R. HurwitzHorace A. HutsonAnthony Iannarelli, Jr.Joseph M. IngarraCharles E. InmanAnthony N. IrreraDaire Brian IrwinKenneth IvesThomas D. Jackson, Jr.Jeffrey JacobsErik P. JacobsenDavid W. JacquesJoseph JaffeKaren JagielskiR. Joseph JalbertMark JankowitzMarc JanosonJoseph JarzembekRichard JasperDavid G. JayRuss JellinekFrederic JenningsJohn JennyAlba S. JohnsonChristopher JohnsonJulian C. JohnsonLaura R. JohnsonHerbert R. JohnstonStephen A. JohnstonE. Thomas JonesSarah JonesSteven R. JonesE. Stewart Jones, Jr.Daniel JordanJohn K. JordanAlan L. JosephRoy H. JosephsonPatrick JoyceJudy JuneoMichael D. JurenaAlan KachalskyCarol KahnRobert B. KaiserBruce KallorIvan KalterBarry KaminsDara M. Kane


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Patrick J. KaneFredy Harrison KaplanSusan Marie KaralusDan KarlinKathryn M. KaseLawrence L. KasperekAlan F. KatzMichael KatzerKenneth J. KaufmannThomas P. KawalecLawrence G. KeaneMichael J. KeaneKevin T. KearonSteven L. KeatsThomas F. KeefeEugene KeelerBarbara J. KelleyChris Ann KelleyRobert E. KellyRaymond A. Kelly, Jr.John R. KennedyMark F. KennedyStephen G. KennedyJames S. KernanJames M. KerriganMitchell KesslerThomas H. KheelJohn N. KicinskiFrank X. KilgannonTerence L. KindlonDarryl KingAdam KirkKathryn M. KirschBruce KlangThomas Klei, Jr.Howard KleimanGeoffrey K. KleinIrwin G. KleinRobert H. KleinBernard V. KleinmanBenjamin J. Klemanowicz, Jr.David R. KliegmanAlbert J. Kline, Jr.Victor KnappLawrence J. KnickerbockerRobert KnightlyWilliam P. KnisleyMichael L. KobiolkaMichael KolbJohn K. KosmerlLarry R. KossRaymond P. Kot, II

Gregory L. KottmeierJames KousourosRenata KowalczukAnthony S. KowalskiBob A. KramerTatyana KrasnikJames A. KreuzerPeter L. KristalKent KroemerLisa M. KroemerArnold S. KronickLeonard W. KrounerFonda Dawn KubiakJudith M. KubiniecPaul W. KullmanStephen KunkenTodd P. KurlanSanders L. KurtzChanning KuryMichael KuzmaWilliam S. LabahnAnthony A. LaBella, Jr.John J. LaDucaStanley LafazanStephen E. LaGrouMarcel J. LajoyJoseph B. LambertaAnthony Joseph LanaLawrence S. LaneFrederick LangThomas R. LanganAnthony M. LaPintaJoseph LaskyJoseph W. LathamJ. Kevin LaumerPeter A. LauricellaThomas LaValleeCharles LavineWalter J. LawDavid F. LawlorLaRoi M. LawtonDavid LazerRobert B. LeaderAnna LebaudyChanwoo LeeSpencer LeedsGerald B. LefcourtRichard I. LeffSol LefkowitzElliott LeibowitzPeter B. LekkiMatthew R. Lembke

Dennis LemkeJon E. LemolePaul A. LemoleSheldon A. LeonRobert N. LernerSheryl P. LernerNatalie A. Lesh-SchafferAlexander LesykRichard A. LeszykDavid E. LevineDavid I. LevineHoward N. LevineArlene LevinsonBenjamin LevittRichard Ware LevittLawrence H. LevnerBonnie G. LevySue B. LevyDavid L. LewisMark W. LewisTimothy M. LexvoldPaul LiebermanSusan B. LindenauerRobert LinvilleThomas F. LiottiAlan C. LippelHarold H. Litteer, Jr.Emmanuel Joseph LobatoDeborah LoewenbergThomas W. LokkenIra D. LondonJames E. LongFrank J. LongoRobert D. LonskiMichael LopezPeter LosiFrank LoTempio, IIIMark J. LoughranTimothy LovalloKevin J. LoveRobert R. LoveridgeRaymond LovingGreg D. LubowJohn P. LuhrFrederick C. LutherCheryl LynchMary LynchPaul D. MacAulayJohn MacklinJames C. MacTarnaghanJeanette MaderaBrian Madrazo


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Myles MagbitangMark J. MahoneyMitchell B. MaierMark A. MajorGlen MaliaJoan E. MaloneyRobert J. MancusoHarvey S. MandelcornAlice O. MannLetty ManneJeffrey C. MannilloPatricia MarcusOtto MaresSusan MarhofferMathew J. MariPhilip A. MariaNicholas A. MarinoDaniel MarkewichMorris MarkowitzPeter L. MaroulisPhilip M. MarshallJohn J. Marshall, Jr.Kenneth MartenDavid S. MartinEdward J. MartinJeffrey C. MartinMartin James MartinezAnthony J. MartoneRobert A. MascariThomas J. MasonPaul MastrangeloArturo MatosBrenda A. MattarRobert MauerKurt MausertBruce MaxsonRafael A. MayfieldBrad MazarinSigmund V. MazurLouis MazzolaLewis A. MazzoneBarbie Tina McAleaveyDavid W. McAndrewsJoseph McBrideJames McCannSandra McCarthyWilliam J. McCluskyJoseph M. McCoyRussell McCoyThomas McDonaldDavid C. McElrath, Jr.Diane McEvoy

Cheryl L. McFaddenAndrew McGeeKevin McGuckinEdward J. McHughShannon McInteeKelly S. McKeighanJohn F. McKeownKevin McKernanBonnie McLaughlinJohn J. McMahonJohn L. McMahonTimothy McMahonJeffrey E. McMorrisPaul McQuillenPeter L. McShaneTom McShaneRichard McVinneyPeter B. MeadowEdward T. MechmannJames H. MedcrafDaniel P. MedvedRalph C. MegnaRobert R. MeguinPeter P. MelinSanford MeltzerM. Kathryn MengSusan MenuJames R. Mercer, Jr.Marc MerolesiJeanne E. MettlerMichael MetzgerEdward R. MevecJames T. MeyerCheryl MeyersDaniel MeyersLinda L. MezaAnthony MichaelsJohn L. MichalskiPaul Scott MichoFlorian MiedelJoseph J. MilanoJames Patrick MilbrandRaymond T. Miles, IIISamuel MilitelloSean Millane, IIIArthur H. MillerDouglas T. MillerMary MillerMitchell R. MillerDavid C. MineoCarolyn V. MinterLisa L. Mitchell

Robert C. MitchellSusan MitchellFrancine E. ModicaJohn J. MolloyKatherine A. MoloneyDennis G. MonahanJames L. MonroeArmando Montano, Jr.James M. MontgomeryClair Montroy, IIISimon MoodyAndrea MooneyCheryl J. MoranRobert P. Moran, Jr.Timothy J. MordauntCora Amelia MordiniPatrick J. MorganelliAaron R. MorrillRichard T. MorrisseyNicholas D. MorsilloLawrence D. MortRoberta E. Calhoun MortonHerbert J. MosesCraig F. MosherTheodore MosherKent V. MostonRichard MottKenneth M. MoynihanGary MuldoonPatrick MullenJames MullenhoffAhmad Abd’Al MuntaqimDavid A. MuranteMatthew MuraskinFrancis P. MurphyGerald J. MurphyJames T. MurphyKenneth MurphyTimothy MurphyArchibald R. MurrayD. Michael MurrayGlenn Edward MurrayCharles J. MyzelGregory J. NaclerioBarbara L. NadrowskiSally A. NashVanessa NastasukLeroy NatansonEugene B. NathansonMalvina NathansonThomas J. Navarro, Jr.J. Henry Neale, Jr.


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David NelsonEric NelsonSara Rose NeubauerPamela L. NeubeckRussell NeufeldMichele Lee NeuschMichael P. NevinsDonna R. NewmanJohn P. NewmanJon Allon NicholsWilliam F. NicholsRonald S. NirLeonard E. NoisetteL. Jeffrey NorwalkSharon L. NosenchuckFelicia NotaroPaul NotaroDaniel F. NovakEdward J. NowakWilliam E. NowakowskiJohn R. NucherenoKathleen O’BoyleConnor J. O’BrienHenry O’BrienJames M. O’BrienJohn M. O’BrienPatrick M. O’ConnellMichael S. O’DellBrendan O’DonnellJohn J. O’HalloranRobert M. O’LearyTerence P. O’LearyThomas J. O’NeillFrederick H. O’RourkeMichael G. O’RourkeRichard A. OcchettiDavid OkunDavid W. OlsonPaul N. OrnsteinPeter A. OrvilleWilliam OstarHenry P. OswaldJoseph H. OswaldJohn H. Owen, Sr.Luke C. OwensMichael P. PaddenJoanne PageTimothy G. PagonesDavid PajakRoni S. PallJeffrey F. PamPeter Panaro

Marc PanepintoJill L. PapernoDaniel S. ParkerJohn W. Parker, IIIIta ParnassJohn R. ParrinelloJames A. PartaczJohn P. PastoreJeanne M. PatsalosDavid J. PattersonSteven K. PattersonErnest J. PeaceLeon PearlLuis Andrew PenichetJames E. PenningtonJanice M. PenningtonGilbert R. PerezSandra PerezDavid PerfettiLouise PerrottaAnna M. PerryRichard PerryJohn L. PerticoneIra PesseriloScott R. PetrieJohn J. PhelanBarry H. PhillipsWilliam R. PhillipsWallace C. PiotrowskiSara PioviaStephen J. PittariNikki R. PlatenikGlen A. PlotskyJay A. PohlmanJohn J. PoklembaEugene PolenPeter PollakAlan PolskyGeri PomerantzLawrence Anthony PorcariJohn A. PorcoMichael J. PorettaJ. Scott PorterMark L. PotashnickEric G. PoulosTony G. PovedaVerena C. PowellGregory J. PowerFranklin PratcherWillard Pratt, IIIJudith PrebleEdwin D. Price

Eugene ProsnitzGeorge E. PughVictor PulecioPeter J. PullanoFrances PulsiferAndrew M. PuritzJohn C. PutneySuzanne E. QuelletteRobert F. QuinlanAmy N. QuinnRobert R. RaceJames RaibleArleen T. RalphDianna L. RamosAlec J. RaphaelMarvin Ray RaskinDaniel E. RausherJohn RayFrank ReadMarilyn S. ReaderMerble ReagonGeorge W. RedderFrank E. RedlJeffrey G. RegenstreifDonald G. Rehkopf, Jr.Kenneth ReiverManuel RentasLinda ReynoldsThomas ReynoldsJohn J. RiccardiWalter L. RichRichard W. Rich, Jr.Jeffrey T. RichardsLabe RichmanBradford C. RiendeauAinka Maria RiveraRick RiveraArmando A. Rivera-CarreteroFrancis R. RivetteJames J. RizzoWendy RodesDavid RodriguezMichael J. RoothLuis RosadoEve S. RosahnTimothy J. RosellStuart RosensweetAlan RosenthalKate RosenthalChristopher T.W. RossEthel P. RossMary Ross


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Michael Anthony RossiLaura Rossi-OrtizMelvyn K. RothDonald R. Roth, Jr.Richard A. RothermelMarie H. RothmanRoger B. RothmanGerard R. Roux, IIStephen V. RubeoRobert S. RubineEva RubinsteinFrancis D. Ruddy, Jr.Allan C. J. RussDiane C. RussellPeter T. RuszczykDawn RyanJohn F. RyanScott RyanThomas W. RyanThomas J. Ryan, Jr.Eric SachsSusan SadinskyThomas A. SaittaDavid J. SalehDavid B. SallSusan Hofkin SalomonKarl F. SalzerJudith E. SamberManuel A. Sanchez, Jr.Salvatore T. SanfilippoEmanuel SantanaJorge E. Santos Jr.Steven L. SarisohnPaul Leonard SassEdward ScanlanMichael L. ScarolaEugene SchafferGerald W. Schaffer, Jr.Carol Brafman SchajerGary W. SchanzAndrew J. SchatkinDonald L. SchechterDonald R. SchechterMarvin E. SchechterSamuel SchechterRebecca A. SchenkStephan SchickPhilip C. SchiffmanSalvatore P. SchipaniCraig P. SchlangerRaymond M. SchlatherGary Schoer

David C. SchoppRobert J. SchreckLisa SchreibersdorfClaudia S. SchultzEric W. SchultzH. Mitchell SchumanTamara SchumanVictor SchurrDonald J. SchwartzEdna SchwartzGerald SchwartzLouis SchwartzMichael SchwartzRobert SchwartzSteven G. SchwarzRaymond P. SciarrinoFrank B. ScibiliaJoseph J. Scinta, Jr.Lisa ScolariJack ScordoAnna L. ScottJames R. ScottStephen Robert ScottDaniel U. Scott, Jr.Michael SeagriffDaniel E. SeamanRobert SelcovFrederick SeligmanKarl C. SemanRobert M. ShaferCharles E. ShafferLaurie ShanksThomas F. ShannonElliott C. ShapiroNorman ShapiroRobert A. ShapiroSabina ShapiroIrwin ShawJohn A. SheehanGeorge ShegogJacob B. ShermanBrian ShiffrinVincent SiccardiHarvey F. SiegelStephan J. SiegelMichael SiffRobert G. SillarsDavid K. SilverbergCarl J. SilversteinMurray E. SingerJoseph Sinkewicz, Jr.Peter C. Sipperly

Richard SiracusaRochelle M. SirotaPeter K. SkivingtonRichard V. SlaterMary L. SliszAlex SmithAnne Marie SmithAnthony V.L. SmithDavid B. SmithDonald B. SmithJoanne Kohler SmithOliver SmithRobert G. SmithRobert G. SmithS. Jean SmithFrank SmithsonTheodore SmolarOscar SmuklerGerard A. SmythKevin J. SmythEdward J. SnyderJames G. SnyderEric M. SokolRobert B. SommersteinAnselmo Soto, Jr.N. Lee SpauldingJohn F. SperanzaIan P. SpierAlvin L. SpitzerDavid S. StablerElaine Jackson StackThomas J. StahrTucker C. StancliftRichard StantonMickey A. SteimanDonald SteinDavid SteinbergJohn B. StellaR. Hugh StephensScott A. StepienMichael R. SternRussell StetlerRichard A. StettineHerbert StoneJohn P. StonnerLisa StrandNancy StroudKennard R. StrutinArthur SuchowJohn C. SullivanMary T. SullivanWilliam P. Sullivan, Jr.


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Mary Ellen SweeneyLawrence SykesAndrew W. SzczesniakRonald J. TabakMichael J. TallonSamuel M. TamburoMartin TankleffAnthony B. TargiaDavid K. TaylorDavid G. TehanWilliam M. Tendy, Jr.Noel TepperGeorge A. TerezakisJoseph J. TerranovaJoseph G. TerrizziTom TerrizziWayne ThatcherAllison TheroWanda M. TherolfChristopher ThomasDonald M. ThompsonEdward Thompson, Jr.Deborah Lee ThumanJay M. TiftickjianStephen K. TillsRand R. TimmermanJames J. TiniSusan V. TipographDavid P. TodaroPhyllis M. TodoroPeter J. Todoro, Jr.Nelson S. TorreDavid TougerNorman TrabulusJames D. TresmondCaroline G. TrinkleyDeanne M. TripiMichael TrocciaEmily TrottLynne E. TroyAlexandra V. TseitlinScott B. TulmanStephen UnderwoodGere UngerElaine UnkelessJoseph VaccarinoElena C. VaidaRonald C. ValentineAlexandra ValicentiRev. Morton Van AllenRichard C. Van Donsel

Matthew Van HoutenJorge VarelaManuel D. VargasMaximino VargasJerry VasquezHarold I. VenokurRobert G. VenturoRichard VercolloneGerald A. VergilisYolanda VillaRichard T. VineskiMichael J. ViolanteFrank E. Visco, Sr.William ViscovichJeffrey F. VoelklJudith L. VoitKitty VondrakMarc WaldauerDavid WalenskyPaul WalierKevin WalshRobert G. WalshWilliam D. WalshRobert A. WaltersRobert D. Walton, Sr.Daniel J. WardElbert H. Watrous, Jr.Gregory S. WattsSteven T. WaxJonathan WayneThomas E. Webb, Jr.Gary J. WeberDiane T. WebsterDonald WeinbergerCappy WeinerJay L. WeinerPhilip WeinfeldJohnathan E. WeinrichDaniel J. WeinsteinWilliam J. Weiss, Jr.Marsha WeissmanDavid WerberSteven WershawCarl WessPeter WesselCharles WhiteRobert J. WhiteDavid WhittemoreRobert H. WhorfDavid S. WidenorMichael A. Wiener

Jay L. WilberCharles J. WilcoxRoger W. Wilcox, Jr.Steve G. WilliamsThomas D. WilliamsChristine A. WillsDavid W. WilsonSteven J. WilutisJohn W. WinansGriffith J. WinthropDaniel E. WisniewskiRebecca WittmanGary J. WojtanRobert S. WolfJames F. WolffAlfred WolkenbergF. James WoodsMark A. WorrellLawrence E. WrightMichael J. WronaEric WuestmanSue WycoffAndrew J. WylieMichael R. WyszynskiMary Kay YanikDonald YannellaFrancis E. YannelliDalit A. YardenBruce YermanJesse YoungLawrence J. YoungRichard W. YoungmanEdward YuskevichNeil Martin ZangStephanie L. ZaroTheresa M. ZeheMilton ZelermyerAndrea ZellanJohn ZenirLori ZenoMarvin ZevinRobert W. ZimmermanClark J. Zimmermann, Jr.Sonya ZoghlinDonald H. ZuckermanJoseph D. ZumboDaan Zwick

1999 NYSDA Members (concluded)

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APPLICATION FOR MEMBERSHIP

MS./MR./MRS. _____________________________________________________________

FIRM or OFFICE ____________________________________________________________

MAILING ADDRESS _________________________________________________________

CITY __________________________________ STATE _______ ZIP _________________

COUNTY ______________________________

TELEPHONE ( ) FAX ( )TELEPHONE _____________________________ FAX _____________________________

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TELEPHONE ( )TELEPHONE _____________________________ E-MAIL (Home) ___________________

Please indicate if you are:

Assigned Counsel Public Defender Legal Aid Attorney

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Attorneys and Law School Students please fill out:

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Date Admitted to Practice _________________________ State(s) _______________

Please indicate your willingness to help us with:

Legislative Analysis Amicus Work Publications

Seminars Speakers Bureau Training Materials

I am committed to the zealous representation of persons accused of crimeand want to work toward an effective and well-financed system of public defenserepresentation for the poor.

SIGNATURE _________________________________ DATE _____________________

Annual Membership Dues: Attorney . . . . . . . . . . . $50.00Non-Attorney . . . . . . . . $25.00Law Student . . . . . . . . . $15.00Prisoner . . . . . . . . . . . . $15.00

Please Mail To: New York State Defenders Association194 Washington Avenue, Suite 500Albany, New York 12210-2314

Telephone: 518-465-3524 Internet Address: http://www.nysda.orgFax: 518-465-3249 E-mail: [email protected]

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Annual Report of Directors Pursuant to Not-for-Profit Corporation Law 519

Pursuant to Section 519 of the Not-for-Profit Corporation Law, the Board of Directors herewith submits to themembership the Corporation’s most recent certified financial statement.

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1999 annual report to the membership

Documents