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Selecting the right PC is only half thebattle. Today, how you top it off is just asimportant. Because while most PCs havebecome pretty much the same, what' sexciting is the monitor on top. Innovationslike multimedia monitors, flat panel displaysand large screen CRTs are changing the oldphrase " Monitor Sold Separately" to "PCSold Separately".Take the new ViewSonic GF775 17" (16.0"viewable) monitor for example. This is thefirst flat-screen CRT utilizing PerfectFlat™technology to provide precise, clear images.The GF775 provides an ultra-fine .24mmstripe pitch and 1600 x 1200 resolution.At ViewSonic, we offer the N1 bestselling monitors and flat panel displaysin the USA'. Buy with confidence from thecompany that's won over 550 industryawards. The GF775's warranty covers 3years parts and labour. An Express Exchangeservice option is available, plus 24 hourcustomer service, 7 days a week, By puttinga ViewSonic display on top of your PC,you' re ensuring the excellence of your VisualComputing™ experience.For more information on the companythat's won over 550industry awards,visit our website at: wwwView$oniccom

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FEATURES

16 Maximizing your component upgrade value20 A PC upgrade case study24 Evergreen CPU on card speeds performance25 The CPU upgrade domino effect

34 Inkjet heaven

40 Inkjet printer survey50 Paper quality affects inkjet output

It's an ideal season to buy a color inkjet printer O'I 0

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Why you can't just replacea Pentium with a Pentium m

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DEPARTMENTS NE,WS R REVIEWSFrom the Editor ....Letters.What's New..Computer Directoiy ...Classified.User GroupsCalendar .Advertising Index ...

......,....6

.........1 0

.........1 2

.......1 41

.......1 43.143

.....144

.......1 39

29 The G4 amvesJobs unveils fastest Mac yet, OS 9 at Seybold

30 E-future outlined, Merced unveiledIntel outlines vision at developer forum

54 New color, publishing products at Seybold55 5un offers free StarOffice apps online57 E-book bandwagon filling up

New reading technologies, services

104 Which is better: cable or ADSL?106 Many kids' sites collect private info

Statement syntax

113 Dwce Suite Training: Grabbing Web data113 The Visual Basic Tutorials: Part 4

113 Linux for Newbies Part 3: ... Install!

121 Quick Tips: Typographical dos and don'ts

98 Nomad raises bar for MP3 devices100 Clild drive: highmpacity storage for your laptop101 Modular OmniBook offers flexibility102 A lot to like in mid-range Presario

COMING UP

Ad Deadline Tues. Sept. 28Distribution Fri., Oct. 15

November 1999Handheld computers¹tarorks and beyond

December 1999Annnalgiltgidde

A cenpu5w for ChristmasPaymll sofhvat

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63 From trainspotting to knowledge managementHow to develop a KM strategy for your company

63 Knowledge-management players: a selection68 How not to manage knowledge

71 Search engines: the light that failed

73 Managing customer relations through your PC82 lAN Une: Windows 2000 Server

127 Guides to Office 2000

123 Reverso Pro translates text, Web pages

130 Basilisk II, a free Mac emulator

You' ve seen the software suite, now read the books

and Terminal ServicesAd Deadline Tue., Oct. 26Distribution Fri., Nov. 19

133 Resources to aid literacyReading does more than provide good jobs

88 Linux Inside: Ramping up Unux security90 Linux 2.4 kernel near release91 Collaboration is SmartSuite's strength

108 Ghostscnpt so good it's scaryLotus's office suite offers power, breadth of features

135 MP3 makes the world go round

137 Weaving your own Web site: Part 49An in4epth look at Cascading Style Sheets: Part 8

138 Top 10 cult movie Web sites

150 I don'twanna wait...AOL and Mcrosoft squabble over instant messagingCall (416} 588-1580

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Sound Blaster Live'Best Sound Card, PC World june I 999 (USA)l999 VV'arid Class Award, PC World June I 999 (USA)The Family PC IQQ Award. Family PC June I 999 (USA)

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PC gives reader cold shoulderExactly what happens when your computerfreezes up?

It happens to mine at least twice a week,and I literally have to pull the plug on it. Ihave Windows 98 and otherwise everythingis OK. Because I can't shut it down normally,when I start it back up and it rescans, it tellsme that shutting it down this way is a no-no.Is this a general fault of Windows 98?

Alex

G8 replies: Freeze-ups are apparently a fact oflife with computers, whether they an,' runningWindows 98, Macintosh OS, or yes, evenWindows NT, although the latter is theoreticallyless prone to freezing up.

They can happen when the program or hard-ware attempts to access memory or anotherresource (a requested interrupt" or hardwarefeature) that isn't available or doesn't respond inthe expected way. Unexpected behaviors are mostcommonly the result of a bug in the so-called

device drivers" associated with the variousdevices Integral to the system. For example,graphics card device drivers are a notorioussource of PC lockups. The graphics driver is sup-posed to refresh the screen, change resolution orsupply a 3D graphic image, but the driver con-tains an obscure bug (or calls a Windows systemsojhvare component) that causes a fault. Thecomputer waits for a result that never occurs.Result: a lockup or dreaded 'blue screen of

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There are, of course, many other devices in acomputer that could be contributing to the freeze-ups, It could be your 8IOS, sound card, mousedriver, IAM timing, or even a bug in your wordprocessor.

In some localities, youmay encounter addi-tional freezeups as a result of power anomaiies.To minimize lockups in any operating system,check for newer device drivers for all the compo-nents in your system (especially those related towhatever task you were performing when thelockup occurred!). You should update yourW indows components to those recommended bythe Windows Update (and pay Microso jt $34.95for the Windows 9S SE Setup CD-ROM if youwant the absolute latest release) and get an unin-terruptible power supply (UPS) devicewithpower-conditioning features.

I personally find two lockups a week to be"about normal for Windows 9S, although themachine I am typing this on — which is poweredby an overclocked Celeron with a Matrox G200graphics card and Windows 9S SE — is actuallyremarkably stable, considering all the use I giveit. There's probably not much you can do toimprove it.

WordPerfect does too read HTMLI found your artide on the new office suitesvery informative [see "Exploring the Suites,"September 1999 issueJ, but I still have onequestion. I use WordPerfect 8.0 (suite) andhave never had a problem with it being ableto read an HTML document, so it came as bitof a surprise to read "And we were shocked tosee that WordPerfect's HTML and PDF capa-bilities were' publish-only unlike [Mcrosoft]Word that can at least read and write HTML"Does this mean that WordPerfect hasremoved this capability, because it hasalready been able to do this in the previous

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JS replies: You, of course, are right. WordPerfectdoes read H7ML files but not PDF — but doeswrite both with distinctive quirkiness (as do theother major suites, less PDF).

I blew this one. What I meant to say aboutCorel WordPerfect 2000 is that unlike itsMicrosojt peer, which reads and writes HTML asan offidal storage format (with caveats), Corelhas not yet promoted HTML to "ojficial readstatus (measured by the inclusion of the jile typein the open dialogue combo-box of supportedread file types). However, HTML has officialwrite status (i.e. it's in the file types supported forwriting).

The real problem is that the format by whichCorel, Lotus, and Microsoft store HTML files(with identical layouts) is so different that whenyou try to read H7ML files from a differentsuite,you dont get what was originally saved. SoHTML, which was to bring about ready file inter-changeaNlity among the suites, still falls farshort of its goal. I suspect the major players mayhave a vested interest in incompatibility. Theyhave managed to preserve for a decade andcounting non-interchangeability — much to themisery of end users.

last Syte unfairto Japanese anhnatlonI read your article on the subject of Japaneseanimation [see "The Last Byte" August 1999,by Jeff Evans], and as a Japanese who tem-porarily lives in North America, Pm con-cerned this type of article promotes a biasedview of our people and sodety. I would like

Continued on page $2RiSeS may Wy. EPSan and EPSON Style ae anteedtradenah Of SeikO EPSOn CarP. feaRCtue and NinO ReZO are SaderWkS 0( EPSan Aneria InC © 1998 EPSOn Ameria INC.

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Kodaig expands dlgicam line The DC290 is an extension of theKodak has added two new two-megapixel DC260/265 line and has a 2.1 megapixelcameras to its digital lineup, the DC290 and CCD, which takes images that offer goodDC280. detail even when printed out in tabloid

(llx14 in.) format. New to the line is theoption of saving files in uncompressed (TIFF)format. The DC290 also includes a USB inter-face, which was introduced on the DC265model. Suggested list price is $1,699.

The DC280 is the latest in the DC240line and offers a maximum image resolutionof 1,760x1,168 pixels. The suggested listprice is $1,199.

Kodak also introduced two models — theDC215 Zoom (silver) and the Millenium2000 Special Edition= in its new compactline. Both offer Zx optical zoom lenses and amaximum resolution of 1,152x864 pixels.The Zoom will cost $599 while theMillenium 2000 has a Itst price of $749.— DT

Kodak IC2eO

Kodak, http: //www.kodak.ca

New HP lines

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Better gct your hands on this onc.

Thc ncw Canon BJC-6000 Color Bubble Jet printer finally offers proof that higher Intelligencecan bc found on planet Earth. it has a warp speed of up ta 8 pages pcr minute of rich,

Hewlett-Packard (Canada) Ltd. announcedan entire portfoho of personal printing andimaging products — including next-genera-tion thermal inkjet printers — in its biggestprinting/imaging launch ever.

The new products„which refresh (and inmost cases supercede) the lineup announcedin 1998, provide home and small-businesscustomers with a broad array of statecf-the-art printing and imaging products at virtual-ly all price points and across all segments.

The announcement coinddes with bur-geoning demand for personal printing andimaging products. On average, HP says itships more than two million inkjet productseach month and now has an installed hase ofmore than 90 million units.— GB

Hewlett-packard, httpl/www.hp.corn

New HP PC Imaging productsAmong the new imaging products Hewlett-Packard announced were the PhotoSmartC500 digital camera (estimated price $1,149)and the HP PhotoSmart P1000 printer (esti-mated price $599). Together the new modelsallow users to print photos directly fromtheir digital cameras, without using a PC.

Also unveiled was the PhotoSmart C200digital camera (estimated price $429), whichis being marketed for first-time digitalxam-era buyers.

At the launch, HP added Premium PlusPhoto Papers to its lineup. The papers are 9 mm(.36 in.) thick — the same as silver-halideprints — which allows users to create and pantphotographs at home with the imagegualityand feel of professionally finished photographs.

HP also launched a new e-imaging servicethat will allow users to upload, store, manageand share photos over the Internet.~B

New HP mWtl-function devicesHewlett-Packard added the OfficeJet T Seriesto its line of multi-function devices. TheOfficeJet T45 and T65 models (estimatedprices $799 and $999, respectively), whichintegrate color printing, scanning, copyingand fax functions into one unit, are designedlaser-quality block printing, and 5 pages In colour. High resolution printing at 1440 x 720 dpi combined with Canon's

exclusive Phutogealism system and Orop Modulation Technology produces astronomically sharp, phato realistic images.

r

For Canon printer product information or for the dealer nearest you call 1-8aa-28$-1121.NATIONAL • Future Shop, CompuSmart tfgESTERN • STAPLES, Computer City, Office Depot, Visions, The Brick, IKON Oflice Solutions

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so impressive that Just about everybody wants to get their hands on Dnc. +OThe BJC-.6000 also comes equipped with Canon's Think Tank System which features individualink tanks and an ink sensor that rcduccs waste and saves you mancy.

See What We Mean.

for horne office use.— GB

New scanners cover the spectrumHewlett-Packard added new high-qualityScanJets at both ends of its scanner lineup.The easy-to-use HP Scarlet 3300C colorscanner (estimated price $229) was added atthe entry level, while the fast HP ScanJet6300C„6350C and 6390C Professional Seriesscanners (estimated price $599, $749 and$1„349, respectively), provide excellenthnage quality and increased productivity at

Continued on page W

Canon Is a registered trademark aml DJC, enhhle Jek Conan Think Tank System, photoReogsm, Drop tgodetaeon Technology and 'See What We stean" are trademarks ot Canon inc,

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Continued from page 12

the higher end of the line.— GB.

The new Hewlett-Packard No. 78 tri-colorinkjet print cartridge, designed for use withthe HP DeskJet 970Cse and the HPPhotoSmart P1100/P1000 printers, containskey technological advancements that deliverincredibly realistic photographic images,brilliant, fade-resistant color images, and

optimal speed and print quality in everyprint mode. Pricing for the cartridges was notavailable.— GB

Compaq to develop Chinese LlnuxBEIJING (NB) — Compaq China has begunthe development of a simphfied Chinese edi-tion of the increasingly popular Linux oper-ating system.

The vendor announced it had teamed upwith Beijing Founder Electronics and Unix

developer, . the Institute o f So f twareAcademia Sinica's Sino-Software SystemCompany, to develop the system. Compaqand Beijing Founder Electronics have a jointsystems integration business in Beijiny,which Compaq inherited when it boughtDigital,

Called Red Flag Linux, the new distrib;ution will reportedly be the first to supportsimplified Chinese and GBK, a popularsimplified Chinese character set. It will also

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Compaq China has contributed its Linuxknowledge and an AlphaServer DS20 systemto the partnership, while the Institute ofSoftware Academia Sinica Sino-SoftwareSystem Company is providing its experiencein Chinese Linux development. BeijingFounder, which is one of the country' slargest technology groups, promises applica-tions and services knowledge.

Beijing Founder and the Institute will pro-vide a free technical support hotline and ser-vice center for Red Flag Linux customers. Theywill also manage onsite installation, testing,and maintenance, and open a software devel-oper certification center offering technicalsupport to Red Hag Linux developers.

Keeping bookmarks private.*.- r

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!' TOKYO (NB) — Webroot Software has takenthe wraps off version 3.0 of its Internet pri-vacy software, Private Bookmarks. The soft-ware allows Netscape Navigator and InternetExplorer users to securely store bookmarksand protect them by password. The softwareis primarily aimed at users who share a com-puter with others, such as children, co-work-ers or roommates. The software costsUS$29.95.~ LOST KjTTEN Webroot, http: //www.webroot corn

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MANILA (NB) — Nokia has announced thatits 3210 mobile phone is capable of handlingat least 34 different languages includingAsian languages, such as Filipino, simplifiedand traditional Chinese, Bahasa Indonesia,Bahasa Malaysia, Vietnamese, and Thai.

The Nokia 3210 translates each of itsmenus into these languages. The dual bandphone works on 900 MHz and 1800 MHz fre-quencies. It allows users to send not only textmessages but also graphics attached to thetext messages.

The phones are available in a variety ofcolors and patterns.oe- Xaasor otiettonot. OoetioafioxtrorttiteStinttoataxtouaoietiofunraroeoi'tlteaoroa tioaarnoiteoloaiinotntoteoe ttroottrtuaee . ';"r~>-,=,-4 @".,",-.--- -.,",,r",.,i,"ne~~e; =":trrn@5~-.'-

~~e- tteirei etrrrrtt tiitten; dna otoiu'srlion ioso irrrooopeloaroe ioanraos x entre'cantor onajrnilonit restraeii» ots'r tire u s. tiaterit one tie'thritralroitroorW' tp oitfft t f@ilr~r t a tn .ttttis". Nokia, http: //www.nokia.corn

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Sony's emulator injunction deniedTOKYO (NB) — Sony Corp. has been denied apreliminary injunction it sought to prevent a

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RAIINRight back since the days when engineers flg-ured out how PCs could address more than640 KB of memory, it has been recognizedthat adding RAM wiII give you the most bangfor your performanee<nhancement buck.RAM is relatively inexpensive and addingmore can immediately make a difference inhow fast your computer operates in just-about all applications.

The caveat is that operating systems seemto have "sweet spots,'" as far as installed RAMgoes, below which performance suffers andabove which performance doesn't dramati-caliy improve. For systems running Windows95/98, the sweet spot seems to be 64 MB. Ifyour system has 16 MB of RAM, you' ll enjoynoticeable performance boosts if you top upto 32 MB or 64 MB. You may even noticeimprovements at 128 MB of RAM, but theperceptible improvements begin to fall offbeyond that.

Anther problem with RAM is that itcomes in a variety of types. Although com-puter ads might make it sound simple to pur-chase and install RAM, you must have theright type in the right configuration to workproperly with your motherboard.

The most common RAM nomendatureyou' ll encounter describe the following:• Packaging design: SIMM (single in-line

memory module, 72-pin) or DIMM {dualin-line memory module, 168-pin) typi-cally describe the physical packaging andthe type of connector used.

• Performance characteristics: EDO(extended data out) and SDRAM (syn-chronous dynamic RAM) refer toread/write performance characteristies,Speed: A designation of 70 nanosemnd(ns) or 60 ns refers to the speed, withsmaller numbers indicating faster RAM.Size: The final designation is the familiar8 MB, 16 MB, etc., referring to the capac-ity of the module.7ype: PC100 RAM, for example, is a newtype of RAM designed for newer 100 MHzmotherboards.

Thus, when you go shopping for RAM,you may be confronted with a descriptiosuch as "16MB 60 ns EDO 72-pin" or "64 MBPC100 SDRAM DIMM." As you might expect,the existence of these variations means youhave to be aware of the type of RAM yourmotherboard wIII support. So, what could

Sy Ross INad?onalcl

uppose you don't want to do anythingas dramatic as a CPU or motherboardupgrade, but still want to enhance per-

formance by upgrading various componentsin your aging system. This is a complex issuebecause the performance increase you eanexpect from changing a single componentdepends on its interaction with many othercomponents in the system. There are, how-ever a few spedfic upgrades that usually givea noticeable boost to your system's perfor-

have been a simple upgrade bemmes some-what complicated. Most computers comewith a motherboard manual, which shoulddetail what kind of RAM you can use.

A tip: if you can't find the motherboardmanual and your retailer can't cross-refer-ence by computer model or motherboardmake, you can always puH one of your exist-ing RAM chips and take it to your retailer,who — if knowledgeable — should have noprobably finding complementary RAM.

One of the mmplications that oldermotherboard owners will encounter is thedictates of how the motherboard "'sees" andaddresses RAM. At one time, motherboardsrequired at least four of their (usually) eightRAM slots be fiBed at any one time, Thismeant that 4 MB of RAM had to constitutefour 1 MB chips, or if you wanted 16 MB ofRAM, you needed to plug in four 4 MBchips — two 8 MB chips would not work.More recently, you needed to fill the RAMslots in pairs. Today's motherboards supportsingle memory cards.

Some older (say, pre-1995) mother-boards have very persnickety RAMrequirements. They might supportSIMMs and DIMMs but only invery specific slots or combina-tions of slots or in very spedf-ic numerical combinations(for example, four 2 MBSIMMs might be okaybut not four 2 MBDIMMs).

Owners of newercomputers who wantto boost their RAMcomplement are lesslikely to have to per-form such acrobatics.Many can simply puII apair of old 8MB DIMMsout of their machineand insert a single 64MB DIMM, forexample,Some models of mother-board even accommo-date a combination oftechnologies so there is aslim chance your oldRAM can be used in con-junction with the newRAM, or ean even become a lega-cy component in a motherboard upgradeand combined with newer RAM later.

Intergeiaeratlonal CPU upllradesWhen Intel introduced the Pentium IIprocessor, it created a great divide in PCmotherboard design. Simply put, thePentium II used a different method of plug-ging into the motherboard, so that if youhad a Pentium-based PC and wanted toupgrade to a Pentium 11, you could no longerjust pull the slower chip out and pop a hster

If you want to span the generations, youhave to either replace the motherboard alongwith the CPU, or use an alternative processormade by AMD or Cyrix. However, there

a

III proces-sors for aroundthe same price.

Video cardAs computing marches inevitablytoward greater and better visualiza-tion as an interface {having gonefrom binary text, through icons,through animation, to 3D visualizafionin a single decade), the video card is anextrenely logical component to upgradeas new games, multimedia applicationsand even the Internet continually lookfor more power in that department,

would be nothing stopping you from mov-ing up within the same generation of IntelCPU. You could quite quiddy «nd happilyreplace your 350 MHz Pentium II chip with a450 MHz Pentium II chip, for example.However, with the cost of the latter hoveringaround $350, it might not seem cost effec-tive. Fortunately, some Pentium II mother-boards will support the insertion of aPentium III chip. But here again a number offactors come into play, First of all, you haveto ensure'that your current motherboard willsupport the Pentium III. Most will, but theyalso require a BIOS upgrade to becomePentium III capable.

Then there's the cost, An informal sean ofretail stores advertising in TCPs Septemberissue put the mst of a 600 MHz Pentium IIIchip at around $1,050. In the same issue,soine stores were advertising complete sys-

tems (sans monitor) using 400 MHzPentium II and even 450

MHz Pentium

If you were fortunate enough to get ahigh quality video card to start with, it islikely that you can simply increase theamount of video RAM installed on the cardto better deal with all this new visual infor-mation. The oldest video cards sat in the ISA(or a VESA) slot and had, maybe, .5 or 1 MBof video RAM.

If your computer has PCI slots, there's agood chance your video card is a PCI type; Ifit is a factory-installed unit, it probably camewith 2 MB or, perhaps, 4 MB of video RAM,which could be increased to 8 MB. Maxingout the RAM capacity of your video card willenhance perfonnance. And even if the RAMin your current video card ean't be increased,it is possible to purchase very good PCI videocards with 8 MB of RAM installed for under$100. It's a very good place to put yourmoney.

You may be tempted by the performanceclaims offered by AGP-based video cards, butremember that an AGP video card needs anAGP slot. Unless you have a recent mother-

board with an AGP slot, or are willingto upgrade your mother-

board, stick with agood PCI video card.

Hard drtvaInstalling a larger harddrive is one of the morecommon upgrades forolder computers as,space hungry applica-

from the Internet tendto fiII up our once astro-nomical 2 GB and 4 GBdrives. There is an addedadvantage too in thatlarger, newer hard drivesare actually faster at writ-ing and retrieving infor-mation than their older,smaller cousins.

But the drive controllerbuilt into older mother-

boards was designed to meetstandard IDE specifications,

which have a maximum datatransfer rate of 2.5 Mbps. Newer

motherboards use a design standardcalled ATA (or Enhanced IDE) that is

Continued on page 1$

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Maxlrnlzln9 uplrasle valueContinued from page 16

more complex. It can operate in four modes:Mode I (2.5 Mbps), Mode II (5 Mbps), ModeIII (13.3 Mbps), and Mode IV (16,6 Mbps).

This means you can take an old. IDE harddrive and put it into a newer system becausethe ATA controller is backward compatibleto Mode I. You can' t, on the other hand,connect a new ATA hard drive to the oldstandard IDE controller because the drivewill be looking for Mode II-plus abilities thatdo not exist, You therefore have to ensurethat your m o therboard's controller i sdesigned to the ATA standard before pur-chasing a new hard drive.

The newest hard-drive technology iscalled Ultra ATA and runs at 66 Mbps. ATAcontrollers will not support those speeds so itwould be a waste to purchase an Ultra,ATAhard drive for its performance specs thenhook it up to a regular ATA controller. Thedrive will operate, but will not meet the opti-mal specifications.

Other storageAny backup or storage device in use todaywill be compatible with any upgrades youmake to your computer as long as it is sup-ported by the operating system.

The only genuine "upgrade" in this cate-gory is going from a regular floppy drive toan LS-120 drive (also called a SuperDrive),This drive looks like a regular floppy drivebut uses 3.5-inch disks that can hold up to120 MB of data. Fortunately, LS-120 drivesare backward compatible and will still readand write to both HD 1.44 MB and DSDD720 KB 3.5-inch diskettes.

MoslemJust about all Internauts express discontentwith the speed of their modem but, unfortu-

,nately, the restrictions i mposed by tele-'phone-line technology mean that the cur-rent v.90 standard (with top data transferrates of 56Kbps) is as fast as it's likely to get,

Unless you hook up to an entirely differ-ent Internet access technology — such ascable, or ADSL — few upgrades are going tomake an appreciable difference in perfor-mance here. There will be feature differencesbetween modem models — telephony abili-ties, for example — but even the upgrading ofthe CPU, motherboard and RAM will haveonly limited effects on how quickly you canaccess and download information.

One related upgrade that could show anappreciable improvement for Web surfingwould be installation of a newer, faster videocard. While data transfer rates would not beaffected, it could noticeably eut the timerequired to draw and manipulate Webimages.

VSBUniversal serial bus (USB) is an improvedmethod of connecting external devices toyour computer. As more peripherals nowcome with USB support, you may want toadd this capability to your computer. Onesimple way is to buy a PCI expansion cardthat contains USB connectors.

Bottom lineOverall, the decision to upgrade at the levelsdescribed above relies heavily on the answersto a few key questions:

What do you want to use your com-puter for? This is where you lookahead. Perhaps you' re only doingword processing and sending emailnow, but thinking maybe you'd like tostart using a CD-R drive, do somedesktop publishing, or watch DVDmovies. This is when ail of the factorsand variables we' ve looked at reallyhave to be studied. Depending onwhat you' re starting with, an invest-ment in RAM, a video card, and afaster modem might fulfill your antic-ipated needs. If you' re too far behindin technology, however, a whole newsystem might be in order simplybecause of the costs and installationheadaches involved in purchasingmultipleindividual components.

• What is your major complaint aboutyour current system? This simplifiesthings somewhat because you can alwayssingularly address any reasonable com-plaint, If you find your most often usedapplications are simply too slow, moreRAM will help. If you find your Internetaccess is too slow and you have a14.4Kbps or 28.SKbps modem, a newmodem will perk things up nicely. Onthe other hand, if you find CD-ROMsand animated games are jumpy or jamup the system, you' re looking at a moreserious and costly upgrade, whichthrows us back to the considerationscited above.

• How much money are you willing tospend for how much of a perfor-mance increase? This is the trickiestquestion of all. Any computer compo-nent can be upgraded, but the degree towhich an upgrade is noticeable dependsnot only on your starting and finishingpoints, but also on what componentsyou are willing to upgrade in tandemwith others.

The simple answer is that there is no sim-ple answer, U

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tion with details specific to a particular platform.Here we present a specific upgrade experience.

The machineMy upgrade candidate was a two-year-old

computer that contains a 200 MHz PentiumMMX processor and an ASUS PSSTVP4motherboard. The system had 32 MB of RAMand a 2 MB ATI video card.

The need for more speedThe 200 MHz processor was fine until Ibrought the 450 MHz Pentium III home.Then the slower processor really began todrag. Using the BAPCo benchmark software,SYSmark 98, I ran the five-hour, comprehen-sive, overall system performance tests on the200 MHz system and achieved a score of 64.SYSmark tests use a reference platform,which, in the case of SYSmark 98, is a 233MHz Pentium II with 64 MB SDRAM and a 4MB Matrox Millennium video card. That sys-tem's performance on the test are assigned ascore of 100. Thus, my 200 MHz Pentiumsystem was performing at 64 percent of thereference system.

To give you an idea of the performance ofother systems in comparison to 'my oldPentium, I tested a Compaq Presario 1670notebook powered by a 350 MHz AMD K6-2processor and achieved a score of 109. My450 MHz Pentium III with 128 MB RAMscored 187 — roughly triple the performanceof my old machine.

Step one: upgrading the processorThe first thing I did was try to simply inserta faster processor,. No go. Intel does not makean overdrive processor for the 200 MHzPentium MMX. I checked my motherboardmanual, which said it did not support any-thing faster than a 200 MHz processor. Thatleft two options: upgrade the motherboard aswell, or look for a processor upgrade adapter.

The first option, replacing the mother-board, means also replacing the RAM, andpossibly the PCI video card, too. It could alsomean getting rid of some of the ISA cards fortheir PCI equivalents. The whole thingwould be a big job and expensive. No pointthen, as buying a new computer would besimpler and possibly cheaper,

The second option was to find a proces-sor upgrade adapter. After a short search Ifound ARP Technology of Santa Clara, Calif.(http J/www.aptekus.corn). It has a US$60adapter for my motherboard that wouldallow me to plug a 333 MHz AMD K6-2processor into it. You can shop around forthe best price for the processor or, for $164plus a couple of dollars for shipping, thecompany will send you the chip insertedinto the adapter. This is the option I chose.When it arrived I pulled the old fan andprocessor off the motherboard and installedthe new processor with its built-in fan.

On bootup, there was an ominous, loudbeep, and then the BIOS said I had a 486DX-S running at 75 MHz. Otherwise everythingwas fine. I talked with ARP Technology's rep-resentative who told me the incorrect BIOSreading would have no effect on the speed oreffectiveness of the processor but that I couldfiix it with a BIOS upgrade if I wanted.

I had been avoiding a BIOS upgrade foryears, but decided it was time to take theplunge. It wasn't easy to get the right BIOSimage file from my motherboard manufac-turer, or to follow the instructions to actual-

Continued on page 29

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in the '70s and the new, sleek, 1200cc mod-els my wife won't let me buy.

It turns out that the reason for the smallincrease is that I had run all my tests with thescreen resolution at 600x800 and 256 colors.The benchmark program suggested a morerealistic 1,024x768 at 65,000 colors. Thevideo was set to such a low resolution that itwasn't faxing the card. To change the resolu-tion I would have to run all the tests again, Ididn't have two or three days to do it. I did

run a number of games with the new card, inparticular the ones that come on the MatroxCD, and there is no comparison with the oldvideo performance.

Undoubtedly the G200 would improveoverall system performance to a muchgreater degree than it did in my tests, in anysituation where graphic performance wasmore demanding. Heck, the card can display1,600x1,200 if you want and scored topmarks in the WinBench 98 Business bench-

mark, according to Matrox. The 8 MB G200SD will cost approximately $179.

Addlnng lt upSo, for the total cost of $423 plus tax (RAM,$80; video card, $179; processor upgrade,$164) I had upgraded my 200 MHz PentiumMMX system with 32 MB and a 2 MB videocard to an 333 MHz AMD K6-2 system with64 MB with an 8 MB video card. Pretty good.

Continued on page 32

A pC upgrade case studyContr'nued frvm page 20

ly do it, but a few hours later I had accom-plished this and the computer stopped beep-ing and properly recognized the new proces-sor. I ran the SYSmark 98 benchmark andachieved a score of 8~ 31 percent increasefrom its previous score of 64!

Step tvnro: RAMThe ASUS PSSTVP4 can use 72-pin RAM or168-pin RAM but not both at the same time.I wanted to go from 32 MB to 64 MB. Anadditional 32 MB of EDO RAM was going tocost $80. If I went to the faster SDRAM, Iwould have to abandon the EDO. But, since64 MB of SDRAM was only $90, I bought it,Besides being cheaper, it would also be morecompatible with newer computers if I want-ed to reuse it in the future.

This, however, is where I hit a snag thatlasted a couple of days and made the wholeupgrade process a real bore. After installingthe new RAM the computer only showed 16M B both on t h e b oot screen and i nWindows. Perhaps it was a BIOS problemagain and the system was really using all 64MB. I tried to use the excellent MicroSCOPE2000 diagnostic program, which had alwaysworked in the past, but it wouldn't evenboot. I ran the SYSmark 98 tests a couple oftimes, but it failed about three hours in oneach attempt, saying there was insufficientRAM. I even tried installing two other BIOSimage file upgrades. No dice,

The manual said the motherboard wouldonly use 8, 16, or 32 MB memory cards. Wasthat because there were no 64 MB DIMMswhen the manual was printed, or was it dueto the design limitations of the board itself?

After driving an hour into town and anhour back for the second time in two days Ireturned with two 32 MB SDRAM chips andinstalled them. No go. With one chip in, thesystem saw only 8 MB. With both in it sawonly 16 MB. Either way no BIOS settings orother tricks could get them to work. Whenthe store reopened after the weekend, I droveinto town again, this time with the machine,the motherboard manual, and my original32 MB of EDO RAM, and pulled a few stringsto get the top service guy to help me.

To make a long experience into a shortstory, we decided that there was no reasonthe SDRAM shouldn't work (the companyassured me that it has installed PC100 RAMin hundreds of machines built for 66 MHzRAM without any problems), and the bestthing to do was buy extra EDO, which I did.The results were disappointing. The resultingSYSmark 98 benchmark score was 86 — anincrease of less than four percent.

Step three: video cardThe Matrox Millennium G200 SD has beenon my mind recently because it continues towin awards and comes in a PCI version. Mymotherboard doesn'f have an AGP slot. Icontacted Matrox and it sent over the 8 MBcard with an additional 8 MB snap-in mod-ule if needed. I replaced the ATI card with theG200, using only 8 MB, and ran the testsagain.

What? Only a two point increase, onceagain less than four percent faster. Why solittle? The G200 is an amazing card. The dif-ference between it and the two-year~id,2 MB card it replaced is like the differencebetween the 250cc motorcycle I used to ride

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rocessor on car s' ee s er ormanceIy Rod Lamlrand Technologies in. Oregon, The company's

AcceleraPCI is a processor and RAM combi-nation that live on a PCI card. You simplystick the card into a free PCI slot and it trans-forrns your computer into a 433 MHz

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candidate for this amazing upgrade. Firstsome numbers. Before the upgrade my 2{}0MHz Pentium MMX-based system scored 64on the BAPCo SYSmark 98 test and 12.3 onthe Ziff-Davis CPUmark test. After the simpleinstallation, the machine scored 155 on theSYSmark 98 test and 31.3 on the CPUmark.As a basis for comparison, my 450 MHzPentium III system with 128 MB of RAMachieved only slightly higher scores of 187and 341, respectively.

An easy upgradeFirst, I went to the company Web page anddownloaded a mall zipped flle that created aspecial boot disk The program on the diskruns a diagnostic routine outside of Windowsto test your system. Evergreen says about 10percent of 75 MHz or faster Pentlum proces-sors will not be able to use the new productalthough some could if the video card is alsoupgraded. If your machine gets the OK, forkover the $600 and you can proceed.

Once I installed the card, I had to boot toan induded floppy disk, which tested mysystem again, then rebooted and flashed myBIOS. The system rebooted a last time, afterwhich I had a very fast computer. I didn' thave to change a thing. Windows did ask forthe Windows disk, but other than that therewas nothing else to do.

The only unusual side effect of theprocess is that the system now boots to itsnormal startup screen and shows the originalprocessor, then runs the usual memory test(you can't remove your old processor or RAMafter the upgrade because it is needed to startthe computer), then an additional messagecomes up showlIng the Evergreen BIOS,processor speed and memory test.

I must admit this is a very cool tech-nology and easy to install. Consideringthat it really does give a substantial boostto your whole system without having toupgrade anything else, I believe the cost isworth the benefit. Evergreen speculatesthat two factors may even bring the pricedown by the time you read this: the priceof the Celeron is bound to fall, andeconomies of scale could bring Evergreen'sproduction costs down. Either way itsound like there is a promising future forthis new technique.O

Passion for printing ideas.

THE COMPUTER PAPER GREATER TORONTO EDITION www.tc .ca OCTOBER 1999 SOLVING THE UI'GRAOE I UtZLE

u ra e o m i no e eCtWhy you can't just replace your Pentium with a Pentium III

Sy Ross MacOossalsl

As complex as

because there has been such a dramatic

things were in theold PC days of 386 and

486 SX, DX, DXZ, and DX4 cen-tral processing units (CPUs) thequestion of upgrading was not a caseof whether but of how. Today,"whether"may be the key questiori you face. That' s

decrease in the cost of new, complete com-puter systems that it may in fact be cheaper,and more hassle free, to buy a new PC thanto upgrade your old one.

So, the task for those with Pentium andolder computers becomes a rather complexweighing of the cost of upgrading versus sim-ply buying a new computer.

The great CPU cmvlsleAt the heart of every system lies the CPU.Most people immediately turn to the CPUwhen upgrading comes to mind because it isthe hub. Though all components influencethe performance of your PC, they must aBtalk to the CPU at some point in the com-puting process.

However, between the first Pentium chipand the generations of Intel CPUs that fel-

In order toP upgrade from

lowed (the Pentium Ii, Celeron, and PentiumIII), a change was made in th» way they con-nect to the motherboard. The Socket 7design used to plug the Pentium chip intothe motherboard was replaced by somethingcalled Slot 1 when the Pentium II was intro-

duced (a Slot 2 variation is now alsoavailable for Xeon-class processors,as weR as a Socket 370 design forsome Celeron processors). This

makes it impossible to sim-ply pull a Pentium chipout of a system and slipa Pentium II, Celeron

er Pentium III inits place.

a Pentium

non-Intel CPUs such as the AMD K6-2.

(I/O), drive controllers (hard drive, floppy,etc.), video card, and SCSI card — are allattached to the motherboard.

When Intel introduced the Slot 1 design,it raved about the technological advances itoffered. However, many analysts were skepti-cal of the move, viewing it as a manoeuvremotivated more by Intel's desire to shut CPUcompetitors AMD and Cyrix out of futurecomputer sales.

Intel could not lay claim to ownership ofthe Socket 7 design, so CPU competitors wereable to simply reverse-engineer equivalentfunctionality while using the existing Socket7 architecture. Since Intel awned the Slot 1,even if the competing CPU makers devel-oped chips comparable to the Pentium II(and they have), they wouldn't have accessto Slot I, and by extension„other advancedfeatures built into Slot 1 motherboards. Thealternatives were either to come up with aconnection scheme of their own, or to motoralong with the existing Socket 7 design.

The latter has happened, and the mainresult is that today, at least for consumer-ori-ented motherboards, you will find two maintypes: Slot 1 types for Intel processors, and"Supe~ 7" boards used in systems powered by

This means that if you want to upgradeyour pre-Pentium II CPU to something more

current, you' ll surely have to buy a new moth-erboard as weII if yeu want to stay with Intel.

And, eve if you decided to upgrade to amore advanced processor that uses theSocket 7 connector, there would still be com-pelling reasons to upgrade the motherboard,For example, Super 7 motherboards will havean accelerated graphics port (AGP) and sup-port PC100 RAM, both o f w h ich w i l lenhance system performance.

Legacy versus new componentsAnd this leads to anether domino effect of

"just popping in a new CPU." The mother-board change may compel you toward thepurchase of additional new components for acouple of reasons: because your old ones maynot work with the new motherboard, orbecause they may defeat or mitigate theanticipated performance enhancement bybottlenecking the flow of data.

Yeur existing RAM is a case in point. Agreat deal of development has taken place inthe speed and design of RAM chips and youmay find that your or iginal SIMMs orDIMMs do not work with your new mother-board, or can"t take advantage of the fasterbus speeds supported by the new mother-board. Though the price of RAM has fallenprecipitously ever the past decade, it isn' tfree quite yet, so RAM will introduce an addi-tional cost to that chip-and-motherboardupgrade you' ve been contemplating.

Another example is your existing videecard. Upgrading from a Pentiurn to aPentium II or III will maximize the potentialperformance for graphics and multimedia-related applications (games, DVD, desktoppublishing, etc.). However, this potential willbe hampered by the old 2 MB or 4 MB PCIvideo card carried over from your originalsystem. You will l ikely see some improve-ment over the original configuration afteryour upgrade but not nearly in proportion tothe money laid out. You would thereforewant to buy a new AGP video card that newresource-hungry applications demand, againadding to the overall cost of the upgrade.

Another component you may need tochange is the case and power supply. Manyrecent Pentium Il motherboards have a newphysical design, called ATX, which will notfit in cases designed for older AT-style moth-erboards. Moreever, the power supply con-nector is different on Pentium II mother-boards, so even if the board fits into your

to a Pentium II or mgeneration chip, then,you must also upgrade themotherboard to one with the correct type ofsocket and architectural support for thatchip.

Motherboard dlvergessceThe motherboard is that main circuit boardinside your computer to which all othercomponents connect. The CPU sits on it, butall the other parts of your computer — theRAM, modem, sound card, Input/output

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NElN%THE COMPUTER PAPER GREATER TORONTO EDITION www.tc,ca OCTOBER 1999

arrivesJobs unveils fastest Mac yet, OS 9 at Seybold

By Oraeme Bennett

A pple chief executive Steve Jobs began

his keynote address to the Seyboldp ublishing conference in S a n

Francisco in August with what is now afamiliar refrain: he noted the company's sev-enth consecutive profitable quarter, reviewedthe previously released iMac, 63 PowerBookand iBook (the latter already dassifi-ably a hit with 140,000 pre-ship-ment orders), touted the ever-decreasing backlog of ware-housed Apple invento (nowdown to a super-efficient 0.6days worth), and reiteratedApple"s commitment tostreaming media by show-ing off the company's lat-est efforts in digital videoand audio, courtesy ofQ uickTime 4.0 a n dQuickTime TV. > c

Jobs demonstratedQuickTime 4.0 by show-ing off a dip from Star

(again!), which he says has now been down-loaded 28 million times, for an aggregatetotal of more than 450 terabytes of down-loaded data. He also showed a pair of touchy-feely iBook ads, a UFO-themed AirPort advertand a clip from Disney's forthcoming ToyStory 2, produced, asmany audience mem-bers clearly seemed to know, by Pixar, Jobs'other company.

He also noted the other successes in whathas possibly been Apple's best year ever:4,380 new or updated applications forMacintosh, bringing the total to more than15,000; and reports that more than 90 per-cent of iMac users in North America are con-nected to the Internet.

64 vs. Perstium IIIBut the real fireworks happened in the sec-ond half of Jobs' two-hour presentation,when he unveiled Apple's latest efforts: themost powerful Power Macintosh yet, thanksto the joint development efforts of Apple,IBM and Motorola. The processor, technical-ly known as the PowerPC MPC7400, wascharacterized by Jobs as a supercomputer ona chip. He backed up this claim with a demoof the 64 ou tperforming Intel's fastestPentium IH chip — using Intel's own tests — byup to 294 percent.

The G4„ in keeping with Apple's otherreleases of late, is also an extremely hand-some computer. Apple has reworked the casedesign of last year's blue-and-white 63s in astriking silver and graphite grey with clearhandles. The result is a computer that is farmore elegant — and more conservative look-ing — than the mildly garish 63.

Jobs detailed the features of three conflig-urations, including an immediately availaBlelowered model based on what amounts toa 64 daughtercard in the G3"s Yosemitemotherboard design, and a pair of high-endscreamers incorporating an all-new high-per-formance motherboard c ode-named

ry '44'A

Wars: Phantom Menace

Sawtooth. These models are all compatiblewith the AirPort wireless networking optionApple recently unveiled for its iBook portable(Apple Canada says volume shipments of theiBook can be expected here in October).

The highest-priced G4 model also breaks

new ground by being the first Mac ever toinclude a DVD-RAM drive — a writable opticaldrive with up to 5.2 GB of storage capacityper disc and the ability to play DVD movies.

AII of the 64s feature a 100 MHz bus,ATI's Rage 128 graphics chip, 16 MB ofgraphics memory, I MB of Level-1 backsidecache, USB and FireWire ports. The 450 MHzand 500 MHz models, however, are the realdream machines. In addition to the DVDstorage and AirPort wireless networkingoptions noted above, they have optional Zipdrives, double the memory bandwidth, moreRAM expansion (up to 1.5 GB), UDMA/66support, and support for the new AppleCinema Display — a gorgeous 22-inch digitalLCD Ietterbox-format (1,600x1,024 pixels)flat-panel screen.

As with last years' G3s, the new G4 desk-tops are designed to be expandable.Although they lack serial ports, ADB, SCSIand a floppy drive, the easywpen side panelreveals several improvements "under thehood" that high-performance enthusiastswill covet:• Rage 128 16 MB video (in a 2x AGP

implementation on the Sawtooth mod-els);

• three 66 MHz PCI slots (the company hasstated no plans to produce a version withmore slots or multiple CPUs);

• up to 100 GB of internal storage;• a DVD-RAM drive (mid-range units come

with DVD-ROM and the cheapest modelswith a CD-ROM drive) and MPEG-2decoding for DVD playback support.

Also interesting, but not mentioned inthe demo, is that the power button puts themachine into a low-power sleep mode, witha rapid-resume feature much like the inook,which has a motherboard similar to theSawtooth Macs.

The 400 MHz 64s are available immedi-

"'I- — •

ately starting at US$1,599 (US$1,499 withouta modem). It's estimated that the 450 MHzand 500 MHz models will have prices rang-ing from US$2,499 and US$3,499, respective-ly. They will be available later this fall,

In addition to the three configurations ofG4 desktop models, Apple announced thatadditional build-towrder variations will beavailable through its online store.

Mac OS 9Jobs announced that Mac OS 9 will be avail-able in October for US$99. He used Mac OS9's "voiceprint login" feature to gain accessto the demo machine and unlock a "key-chain" of all other passwords. He said the

Leading Edge

stirjtas scil,performance!• . • Technology!

new OS is the result of Apple's effort to createan Internet "'co-pilot,' with an improved, e-comme~ce savvy version of the Sherlocksearch engine first released in MacOS 8.5.

Dubbed Sherlock 2, the new release fea-tures not only the ability to search a myriadof search engines (with the ability to addyour own plug-ins to search new collecflonsof data), but also the ability to search forprices and in-stock status details — sort of anInternet shopping assistant. With vice presi-dent of worldwide sales, Phil Schiller, Jobsdemonstrated Sherlock 2 by looking upApollo 11 memorabilia for sale at auctionsites and retail stores around the world,

www.samsungcanada.corn

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Continued on page 3l

Challenge the Limits.

~6 Jt tJKWS OCTOBER 1999 THE COMPUTER PAPER GREATER TORONTO EDITION www.tc .ca

ture out inc , er c e Unvei eComputing visions shared at Intel Developer Forum

By Jeff Evans n his keynote speech to participants at the Barrett outlined the company's vision for theFall 1999 Intel Developers Forum (IDF) in f u ture of computing, in which "every home ise

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Barrett predicted the Internet wouldgrow rapidly over the next six years, fromabout 200 million users today to a billion inthe year 2005. Helping to enable that growthwould be a 25-fold increase in g lobalInternet server capacity. Subsidizing thatgrowth will be the businesses hoping to get aslice of the e-commerce pie, which is pre-dicted to be worth a trillion dollars by theyear 2005.

While business-to-consumer e-commercegets the most of the press coverage, Barrettsaid, the big part of the story is business-to-business e-commerce. He noted that thereare already a few companies (including Intel)doing billions of dollars a year in lnternet-based business-to-business transactions.

Dozens of companies had a hand in plan-ning the forum's presentations, exhibitionsand seminars, Barret said, noting that IDFcould now as easily stand for "IndustryDeveloper Forum." Participants includedATI, Matrox, Lucent, Hewlett-Packard andViewSonic. Barrett also showed the first bookto be published by the Intel University Press,a reference on USB technology.

INerced unveiledThe highlight of the keynote was the firstpublic demonstration of computers using theIA-64 hMercedo chip to run sofhvare recom-piled for the new processor. Merced's debutincluded demonstrations of real-time 3D ren-dering and Linux Apache server software,

Barrett said there is stiB a long way to goin making PCs easy for real people to use,saying that Intel and the PC communityhave to make computers that adapt tohumans instead of expecting humans toadapt to computers.

The reason people buy PCs today is to geton the Internet, according to Barret, whopredicted that in the future, 20 to 80 percentof new PCs will be connected. To supportt his growth the i n f rastructure for t heInternet will have to grow faster than thenumber of users, because high bandwidthtasks will demand 25 times as much servercapacity to support five times as many usersby 2005, he said. All the building blocks ofthe Internet — the intelligent network, theserver farms, traffic directors, services andapplications — have to be put in place.

Barrett was pleased to announce a trucein the input/output (I/O) wars: promoters oftwo competing standards, NGIO and FIO,have agreed to merge into one format. Heemphasized that for the potential of theInternet to be realized, cooperation to createtruly open standards was essential.

BluetoothIn a special inedia preview the day before theIDF opened, technology reporters were treat-ed to a l ive demonstration of Intel'sBluetooth wireless technology.

Simon Ellis, the marketing manager ofIntel's mobile/handheld products group, andFrank Spindler, vice-president of Intel'sArchitecture Business Group outlined thedevelopment of a wireless technology stan-dard intended to make network connectivitywhh H253 nsd H261

THE COMPUTER PAPER GREATER TORONTO EDITION www.tc .ca OCTOBER 1999 NKw$ NIQ

automatic and secure for users of all kinds ofPCs and digital communications devices.

Basically, Bluetooth is a technology stan-dard aimed at allowing any compatible elec-tronic device to emit very low energy radiosignals to connect with other devices andtransmit data at high speed, over a secureconnection. In the demonstration, a note-book PC and a Nokia phone were tumed onin the same room and were able to "flnd"each other, and, at the users' command, con-nect and transfer data.

Over 1,000 companies are developingBluetooth products and solutions, and Intelappears confident that the technology willgrow dramatically over the next few years.

The world Is flatIn other news from the IDF, the DigitalDisplay Working Group, a cooperative com-puter industry association led by Intel,announced the adoption of the DigitalVisual Interface (DVI) standard, "a robust,comprehensive and extensible industry spec-ification that defines the digital interfacebetween digital displays and high-perfor-

The new standard is supported by moni-tor makers such as Samsung, ViewSonic andNEC, graphics chip and card makers such asATI, NVIDIA, S3 and Matrox, as well as Inteland IBM.

Until now, the market has been dominat-ed by older, analogue cathode ray tube (CRT)displays, despite evidence that the flickeringdisplay of analogue monitors can lead to eye-strain, fatigue and headaches. Flat-panelmonitors potentially offer a superior, crispand stable all&gital display, but due tographics output compatibility issues, theyhave generally been required to accept ananalogue RGB video signal.

With the adoption of DVI, large numbers

Although flat-panel monitors remain sig-nificantly more expensive than CRTs, adownward trend in prices is expected toresume next year as the Asian economiescontinue to recover, and investments aremade in new, more efficien tlat-panel fabri-cation plants.

NVIPIA rocits %P graphics landscapeNvidia Corp. tmveiled its latest 3D graphicschip, the GeForce 256, which it daims is the

mance PCs."

of computers can now be made with digitalgraphics output tailored for a114!gita! flat-panel screens. Rat-panel monitors can bemanufactured more cheaply without theextra electronic components required to con-vert video signals from analogue to digital.

The DVI initiative gets extra impetusfrom the recent unveiling of the MicrosoftReader software. The Reader's ClearType text-display enhancement software works best ona digital flat-panel display,

'I

no e in

most advanced real-time 3D renderingengine. Company representatives launchedthe GeForce 256 at the IDF, where seminarson 3D technology have been drawing strongcrowds.

The GeFarce 256 chip is scheduled toappear in graphics cards now being manu-factured by third-party hoard makers.Limited numbers of GeForce 256-based add-in graphics cards are expected to hit store

"Pgtc

at last.

The C4 arrivesContinued from page Z9

During the demo, Jobs also invited IBM'sOzzie Osborne (no, not the rock star!) todemo the recently announced IBM Via Voicefor Mac. The demo, although impressive inits ability to enter text and transfer it toMicrosoft Word with simple voice com-mands, produced a few recognition errorsthat betray the main complaint we' ve hadwith IBM's offering: lower accuracy com-pared to Dragon NaturallySpeaking andother voice-recognition solutions availableon the PC platform. Still, it's great to see thisclass of productivity application on the Mac

Mac OS 9 also features a few other keyimprovements. AppleScript can now be usedover TCP/IP, leading to the tantalizing possi-bility of automating publishing tasks overthe Internet. This was demonstrated duringa kII!er presentation by Schiller, who showedone Mac in San Francisco delivering datafrom a F i le Maker database, whileAppleScript controlled another Mac, ostensi-bly in New York, retrieving images from acollection, retizing them in Photoshop, andsending them over the Internet to the flrstmachine's AppleScript, which assembledthem with the database text onto a page pro-duced in Adobe's just-released InDesign pub-lishing program, The new OS will also beable to update itself over the Internet. 3

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mKI NK% s OCTOBER 1999 THE COMPUTER PAPER GREATER TORONTO EDITION www.tc .ca

II

at 75 MHz.

shelves on by the end of September. Priceshave not been announced, but NVIDIAsaid they "will be priced for PC enthusi-

In a demonstration, a plain vanilla PCequipped with a GeForce 256-based graph-ics card effortlessly animated massivelycomplex 3D animated characters, objectsand environments. Sophisticated real-timeocean waves, f i sheye-lens panning,detailed machinery, and animated charac-ters with realistic gestures, lip-synchedspeech, flexible hair and expressive facialmovement were afl rendered convincinglyin real time with the aid of the new chip.

NVIDIA claims the GeForce containsmore transistors than the Intel Mercedprocessor, and with four 64-bit pixel "pipes,"can render images at a continuous rate of 15million polygons per second, and 480 mil-lion pixels per second. The new chip incor-porates a host of graphics industry firsts: first256-bit 3D processor, first integrated geome-try transform engine, first integrated dynam-ic lighting engine, and first four-pixel ren-dering pipeline. It also includes support forMicrosoft DirectX 7.0 features, includingcube environment mapping, projective tex-tures, and vertex blending.

Add-in graphics cards based on theGeForce 256 will come with a base 32 MBof graphics memory, with a maximum of128 MB. Maximum display resolution sup-ported is 32-bit color at 2,048x1,536 pixels

NVIDIA aims to allow games designersand animators to move past the blocky, low-definition 3D characters and objects of the

boards. CI

leader Intel.

recent past, to enable real-time animationsthat are doser to the visual standards of fea-ture films such as Toy Story or A Bug's Life. Inthe superheated graphics chip market, PCmakers, gaming enthusiasts and 3D graph-ics professionals aU flit quickly to the chipking du jour, and for now at least, NVIDIAappears to be the leader of the pack.

IBM, Compaq, Dell and HP are amongthe PC vendors incorporating Nvidia chipsin their PCs, and Creative Labs and Asusare among the add-in card makers buildingboards based on them. Intel is incorporat-ing Nvidia chips on some of its mother-

dvanced Micro Devices Inc., the perpetual also-ran in the Windows PC chip marathon, has announced shipment of its new Athlonmicroprocessor. AMD claims the new chip, running at a dock speed of 65Q MHz, is faster than any Pentium UI chip from industry

According to AMD, dozens of PC makers have ordered the chip, including industry giants IBM and Compaq. The top-end version is notcheap, with the wholesale price for the 650 MHz chip running about $1,295. The 500 MHz version will cost about $375.

PC makers have, in the past, supported "clone" chip makers such as AMD and Cyrix because non-Intel chips were cheaper and to encour-age some price competition in the Windows PC chip market.

The strategy has worked: Intel has had to redouble efforts to invent new generations of chips more quickly, and has cut its Pentium U andIII chip prices aggressively. Intel even produced the ultra-cheap Celeron chip Une to gain a share of the fast growing sub-$1,000 PC market.

For its part, AMD suffers from a mixed reputation. On the plus side, it has developed some good products at very attractive prices.However, it has had some well-publicized quality control problems.

Ironically, even Intel is probably hoping AMD enjoys a measure of success with the Athlon chip family. There have been rumblings ofanti-trust action against Intel, which nearly has a monopoly on the Windows PC chip market, similar to Microsoft's alleged monopoly overPC operating systems,

Just as Microsoft invested in Apple when that company appeared to be in danger of sinking, so Intel might prefer that AMD enjoy at leastmoderate success with its new chip. Intel executives may find the p'rospect of competing with AMD less troublesome than dealing with theU.S. Department of Justice in the courtroom.

A PC upgrade case stockyContinued from page 2S

The performance increase is about 40 per-cent if you add a bit extra (2.5 percent) forthe likely benefits the video card would haveshown if I had run the tests properly.

But even without the numbers to showthe increase, subjectively, the machine feelssnappier. It's often said that you can't per-ceive a speed difference of less than 1Q per-cent, but with the changes to the system,there is definitely a speed increase here.

I also downloaded a free utility from Ziff-Davis (hllp Jtwww.zdnet.corn) called CPUmark,

AMD Athlon debuts

which is a less extensive processor test. In thistest the 200 MHz achieved a score of 123.After the upgrades it scored 13.6. My 450 MHzPentium Ul-based system scored 34.1. I alsoran WinTune, a series of tests that can bedownloaded for free (httpl/www.winmag.corn/),which are a little shaflow but still useful.Although not as complete as the SYSmark 98tests, WinTune 98 has one great advantage,When the test is complete (10 minutes or so)you can load the results in your browser, logon to the company's Web page and compareyour machine to hundreds of others in itsdatabase. Check it out, if you want to knowhow your computer stands up to others. 0

— Jeff Evans

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DIAMOND VIPER 770 32MB NVIDIA RIVA TNT-2 4X AGP $2403DFX VOODOOS 2000/3000 serlea 1555B 324rit 3155 I 3245SIGNA DESIGN Real Magic Hollywood Plus DVD Decorder $149Nswi M4M Nvidis Rive TNT 32558 AGP 0 nGL Video Card 3179

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55ATROX Oigisuite DTV w/Adobe Premiere 5,1RT $12,955NATROX Dlgisulte LE with Adobe Premiere 5,1RT $5,095NATROX RT-2050 Complete Anaiog+DV Solution $1,BM55ATROX Dtglsuits LE Audio/Video Breakout Box $CALL55ATROX Olgtoeaktop Dual Screen Controller $2,15055IRO Video DVD1005 RT DVD Video EdIIng Ktt $12,905NI5IO Video OC1000 RT 55PEG4 Video Editing Kit $4,895NIRO Video DCSO Video Edtdng Kit w/Component $2,995MIRO Video DCSS Pro wlBreak out Box+ SF 4.5XP $1,39555IRO Video DV300 DV Fire-Wire Kit wl Premiers 5 $1,150BIRD Video DV200 DV Rrs-Wire Kit wl Premiere LE $555

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Newl Pioneer DVD&eaordable SCSI Internal w/DVD CD $8,1$8Newt Pioneer 6X DVD45OM E4DE Internal slot based $149Pansonlc SXwrlte I 20Xresd SCSI Internal CD45eeorder $449Penssonlc CD454X/SX SCSI Internal with EssyCD Creator 3295Panasonlc CD45 4X/BX IDE Internal with EasyCD Creator 3275Plextor PlexWriter BXwrite/20Xresd SCSI CD45 Int/Ext $595/695Plextor UltraPlex 40X Ultra/Wide SCSI CD45OM BMB/sec. 3219Toshlbe BXN2X 3rd Generaaon Internal SCSI DVD45OM $19$Speclall Toshiba 40X Internal SCSI-2 CD45055 6MBlsec. 3129Yameha 6418s BX record I 4X re-W rite I 16X read Internal $449Ysmahs 4416 CD4t-W IDE Internal with Ess CD Creator 375

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ABUS P284IB SX DUAL P-2/3 SCSI $575ASUS P2847 BX OVAL Pentlum2I3 3415ASUS P284I BX P-2/3 AGP SCSI 3475Mewl ASUS PSB~-2/3 64aci slots $155ASUS P28+' Intel 450$X P-2/3 AGP $175Newl ABIT BES P4I3 UftraDM45 $CALLABIT BXB4 dlgBX Pentlum4/3 AGP 5195ABIT BN4 440BX Ceieron 370 AGP 5155INTEL MS440GXT XEON NB 150Nhs 55$5INTEL SE440SX4 P4I with Audio $245TYAN Single or Dual Main Boards $CALLGlga&yts AMD K-7 AMon Beard 527$

512MB 100MHz Bns CAS2 $2,995256MB 100MHz Bns CAS2 ECC $749128MB 100MHz Sns CAS2 ECC $349256MB 125MHz sns CAS2 REG $699128MB 125MHz Bns CAS2 REG $29584MB 125NHz Sns CAS2 REG 3149

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OCTOBER 1999 THE COMPUTER PAPER CREATER TORONTO EDITION www.tc .caII B T CP TEST LABS

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By Sean Carruthers

o you remember the first printeryou ever hooked up to your PC? Forme, it was a nine-pin dot matrix

printer that spit out a page of really creaky,hard-to-read text every couple of minutes.As for graphics, it could output some reallyblocky black and white graphs, and if it wasa good day the pins wouldn't rip their waythrough the paper. At the time, it wasamazing to be able to print out documentsat home, and the quality of the output onlyseems shaky in retrospect.

Since those days, the seemingly ubiq-uitous dot matrix printer has beenreplaced by the inkjet. Although the moregeneral field of inkjet technology hasbeen around even longer, modern inkjettechniques were discovered by happyaccident while a He wlett-Packardresearcher was testing the effects of elec-trical charges on thin film. Stray ink thathappened to be under the film at the timereacted to the charge, shooting out.Today's inkjet printers work on basicallythe same principle, except the charge isdelivered to a whole array of smaller ink-filled chambers, at high frequency — andnow, the ink is there on purpose.

Although this technology (known asthermal inkjet) remains one of the mostpopular ways of get5ng ink on paper, thereare other methods in the broader field ofinkjet printing. Notable among these areCanon's bubble jet technology, which is avariation of thermal inkjet, and the mechan-ical micro-piezo technology used by Epsonin its line of inkjets.

When it was introduced as a consumerdevice, the inkjet printer was pretty basic,'delivering text and basic graphics usingnothing but black ink. The quality was defi-nitely a step up from dot-matrix printing,but the real potential of inkjet technologywasn't realized until color ink cartridges

were added. With the introduction of thethree-color cartridge, users were able toswitch between plain black and multi-coloroutput.

Since then, a few design innovationshave helped to improve output quality. First,the black and color cartridges have beenpaired up in most models, for smootherprinting with more realistic color blending,Secondly, improvements in the technologyhave allowed smaller nozzles to appear ingreater numbers on the print head, increas-ing the resolution of the printout, and theaccuracy of ink placement on the page.Lastly, the speed has Increased, partiallybecause of the greater number of nozzles, butalso because they can be fired at a higher fre-quency.

The upshot of these improvements isthat much more can be done with inkjetprinters now than in the early days of thetechnology. The ability to blend ink col-ors at high resolution means inkjet print-ers are capable of photographic reproduc-tion that is almost indistinguishable fromprints made by conventional photofin-ishing methods. This high resolutioncoupled with the speed also allows textdocuments to be printed with the speedand quality usually assodated with laserprinters.

We last had a chance to look at inkjetsfor The Computer Paper in 1998, and eventhen the field was quite impressive. A yearlater, it's even more so. While the resolu-tion level most manufacturers use as theirstandard hasn't changed dramatically,some of the technology backing up thatresolution has been improved. Nozzlecounts on some machines are up, anddroplet size is down, allowing more accu-rate printing with less color bleeding. Speedis up across the board.

Topping it all off, the competitivenature of the inkjet market has caused pric-ing to drop-substantially. In addition to the

already low pricing on some of the modelswe' ve had a chance to look at this month,many manufacturers are offering substan-tial rebates after purchase (ask around, andyou' re bound to find a couple of excellentmodels with good rebates). That, coupledwith the adoption of higher-end inkjettechnology into entry-level models, makesthis an excellent time to consider buyingan inkjet printer.

The testsWe tested all of the printers we received onthe same computer system, a 233 MHzPentium II-based PC with 32 MB of RAM,nmning Windows 98. We tested all printersusing a variety of tasks, induding presenta-tion and draft text (both using MicrosoftWord 97), and for both graphics and photo-graphic output (using JASC Software's PaintShop Pro 5).

Speed was also tested. The maximumrated draft speed is a bit of a minefieldbecause each manufacturer uses differentcriteria. Often a document requiring veryminimal ink coverage is used, but this cer-tainly differs from manufacturer to manu-facturer. To even out the playing field, wetook a full page of text and printed it outon each of the inkjets. When workingwith documents that require more inkcoverage, users will invariably find printspeeds are slower than those listed by themanufacturer. It's worth noting thatresults will also be affected by differentsystem configurations. So individual users'results will vary.

Prices included in this article were pro-vided by the manufacturers at the time oftesting. It's worth noting that suggestedretail prices and estimated street prices arejust that: suggested and estimated.Because of the fast pace of change in thecomputer industry and the volatility ofthe Canadian dollar, prices are subject to

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Ingalet heaven!Continued from page 94

some fluctuation. They are also subject tosome regional variation.

The cgnljiljatggCanon IJC-1000Suggested retail price: $186

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Highnghts• At 720x360 dots per inch (dpi), the BJC-1000

has the lowest resolution of the printers welooked at this month. Despite that, its print quali-ty was quite good.

• The BJC-1000 uses a one-cartridge design,meaning users have to switch between theincluded color cartridge and an optional blackcartridge depending on the job.

• When printing text using the color cartridge,black text is ragged but still readable. Users

($65/MONTH OAC}

users.

Hlghnghts• The BJC-5100 is rated for a maximum speed of

10 ppm when using two black cartridges (onlyone is included with the printer). When using theincluded combination of black and color, userscan more reallsticaliy expect print speeds ofbetween 4 and 5 ppm. Those who want fasteroutput of black text pages should consider pur-chasing the extra black cartridge.

• The color cartridge comes with individual inktanks for black and color, which means userscan replace them separately instead of purchas-ing a whole new print head.

• This model sports a resolution of 1,440x720, upfrom Canon's previous 720x360 standard, andwith noticeable improvement in output quality.

• This is one of the few printers in its class to han-dle tabloid-size (1 1x17 inch) paper. Althoughthey don't fit into the auto paper feeder, tabloidsheets can be fed manually into the rear of theprinter. Those who want to print on larger paper

Continued on page SS

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planning to print a lot of text should spring forthe optional black cartridge, which will be moreefficient and offer crisper output.

• Rated print speeds are a maximum of 4 ppm(pages per minute) in draft text mode, and under1 ppm in color, Printing black text using thecolor cartridge lengthens print times.

• Photographic reproduction is on the grainy side,but is still good. It suffers a bit from the lack ofthe black cartridge, but not too much. An option-al photographic cartridge is also available.

• When printing graphics, solid colors are a bitspeckled and there's little differentiation betweensubtle shades of black when using the color car-in doe.The BJC-1000 is a compact unit, which will savespace on the desktop. The smaller design omitsa paper output tray, instead feeding the sheetsout to the front of the printer.

• The paper input area only holds 50 sheets at atime, which may be too small for some users(the slower print speeds may nut make thisprinter the ideal choice for users with larger printjobs anyway).

• The BJC-1000 ships with the Canon Creativesoftware bundle.

For the casual user who isn't in a real hurryfor high-quality output, the BJC-1000 is apretty good choice. The output is decent,and while the speed isn't exactly ripping, theprice point is quite good.

The biggest inconvenience for users willbe swapping the cartridge between batchesof black text and color pages for best outputquality, although the included color car-,tridge can handle black text if users are satis-fled with the quality of the output; As anentry-level inkjet, it is sure to please a lot of

The BJC-1000 is best suited for general-purpose home use.

Canon IIJC-S100Suggested retail price: S374

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isn't as obvious as it could be.Photographic reproduction is very good, withminimal speckling and aitifacting. Even whenblown up to tabloid size, the quality of photo-graphic output remains high.

• All of the pieces of the printer come pre-attached, making setup quick and easy.

• Because of the accommodation for tabloid-sizedoutput, this is the largest unit looked at thismonth. Those with limited desktop space mayfind it's too large.

• The printer ships with Canon's Creative Pro soft-ware bundle, which includes Adobe'sPhotoDeluxe, Office In Color, Design Essentialsand Web Record.

One of the newer printers from Canon, thismodel fits in the mid- to higher-end con-sumer category. It incorporates a higher max-imum resolution than the model it updates(the BJC-S000), but retains the larger formfactor and can output on tabloid paper.While the output quality of text can be

Inkjet heaven!Continued from page S6

should give this model a serious look.• Black text output is very good, although it can

sometimes appear ragged around the edges onlower grades of paper.

• Color reproduction is generally quite good, asare graphics, although there is occasionalslight speckling in solid patches.Differentiation between subtle shades of grey

ragged on certain paper stock, it's still quitegood, and the photography quality is alsovery good. For general printing, it is quitehandy and usable. For a select group of users,the printer's ability to handle tabloid-sizesheets will ultimately give it the edge overother similarly priced printers with betteroutput quality,

The BJC-5100 is best suited for general-purpose home use with a focus on photo-graphic printing, home office use, andtabloid printing.

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iiighlighta• Not only is the BJC-6000 a two-print head

design, the print head is reusable and each colorcomes in a separate replaceable ink tank, Thisallows users to replace individual colors as need-ed, rather than replacing the whole print headbecause they' ve run out of a single color.

• All of the pieces come pre-attached, for easysetup.

• . The maximum resolution for the BJC-6000 isf,440x720, up from Canon's traditional maxi-mum resolution of 720x360.

• Photographic reproduction is very good, withminimal artifacts when using the color and blackcartridges. For better photographic reproduction,users can replace the black print head with aspecial photographic print head, which bfingsthe printefs total colors to six.Black text is crisp and legible, though color textsometimes appears ragged, Draft text appears abit more ragged, but is still legible.

• Graphic reproduction is good, with solid colorpatches and good differentiation between subtleshades of black.

• The printer is rated for a speed of 6 ppm in draftmode. We were able to achieve about 6 ppmusing our test pages.At times the printer puts a lot of ink down ontothe page, causing potential problems with soak-ing (or curling after the page dries).

• The BJC-6000 is a bit louder than many of theother units tested this month, which couldbecome an issue in quieter environments.There is an optional USB kit to make the printerUSB and Mac OS compatible.

• The pdnter ships with Canon's Creative Pro soft-ware bundle, which includes Adobe'sPhotoOaluxe, Office In Color, Design Essentialsand Web Record.

At the higher end of Canon's inkjet line wehave the BJC-6000, which also sports a high-er resolution and features a design geared touse ink more efficiently. The increase in printquality is noticeable, with high-quality pho-tographic reproduction and good black text.About the only thing wanting on the basicunit at this price point is a USB port builtinto the printer, but users who want USBconnectivity (netabiy Mac users) can buy theupgrade kit. This may only be a miner incon-venience, though, as users are bound to bemore interested in this printer's individualcolor cartridge design. In the iong run, theability to replace colors separately could be abig money-saver,

e e I I I IContinued on page 49

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CanonLIC-1000

CanooLIC4100

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bubble' I bubble 'et bubble etPdnt methodMaximum resolution d i 720x360 1,440x720 1,440x720 720x720 1,440x720 600x600 600x&00 600x600

64/48 192/72 16Q/144 64/63 144/144 304/192 304/192 304/408

micro iezo micro Iezo thermal ink et thermal ink'et thermal ink'et

2.2 4.85 S.7 12.5 5.9 13

Dimensions WxDxH inRated noise levet max. 45dB A 48d& A 4& dB A 45dB A 47dB A 42d A 42dBA 46dB AInput tray sheet capacity

2.5Noaxles black/colorRated draft speed m color 0.6Rated draft s eed m black 4 10 8 4 6 8 10 12M ' b f I 3 4 6 4 4 4 4 4Wei ht — k IbDimensions xDxH cm 3&x17.4x16 498x28x22.2 47.5x32.5x20.5 42. 9x23.1x15.5 43. 4x29.2xt &.7 44. &x18.5x35.5 44.&xt&.5x35.5 44x 43x19.67

19.&x11x&.7 18.7x12,&x8.1 16.9x9.1x&,1 17.1x10.4x6.6 17.5&x7.2x13.8 17.5&x7.2x13.8 17. 32x16.93x72

52 11.5 5.2 11.5 5.5 12 5.5 'l2 6.6 15

14.2x&.9x&.3

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1 colorWin 3.1/95/96arallel

Canon Creativesoftware pack

1 black, 1 color 1 black,1 each CMY 1 black, 1 color

arallelCanon Creative Prosoftware pack

parallelDisney Daily Blast, A dobe PhotoDeluxe 2, HP PrintingAdobe PhotoDetuxe 2, Broderbund Pdnt Shop, PossibilitiesAmerican Greetings Disney Daily BlastCreatacard, StickerPix

1 black, 1 cotor 1 black, 1 color 1 black, 1 colorynn3.1/95/9&/NT W t n3,1/95/9&/NT W i n3.1/95/98/NT Wi n&.1/95/98/NT, Mac Win3.1/95/98/NT, DOS Win3.1/95/9&/NT, DOS Win3,1/95/98/NTarallel

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rallei, serial 8, USB arallel, USB relief, USB arette, USBHP bundle,By Design ONce,Office In Color

HP PrintingEssentials

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Please note: Ag pricing information is provided to us by the manufacturers or thdir representatives at the time of testing. Because of the nature of the industry, prices are subject to change without notice. ' Mixed text and color graphics.

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Viewsonic E77t 27 17Viewsonic E773 25 t TViawsonic 6773 2& 17Veiwsoriic E790 .26 I 9Viawsonic 6790 Z& 19Qptiquest Q71 .27 t 7'QptiCiueat V&S $8 to'

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15" .2& $175t 7 28 $2& eto" 2 6 $ 47 5SamsungtT 750S $319te goop $619IitiHIIE326 Fujitsu ot Qe4.3G Fujitsu st 1 96.46 Fujitau st 396.46 Quariturnst436.46 Mactor $141&,4g Fujitau $1 5&&.46 Quaniumst Ba8.46 Mactor $1 57t 3G fujitsu $ t &61 36 Quantum $205t 76 Fujiisu $248t 6.26 Quant $3299.16 Qua UW $468946 IBM u2w $4&29.16se auw $778

Creative DVD35X $1 QeToshibaDVD6X $tt5Mitsumi CDRW $212Ricoh CDRW st29HP 7510l $285HP &t tot $335Yarnaha 6416 $429Blank CDSumaung Cd $1.&&B asf CD $1.5 2Mhsui CD $ 2 .10DK $1.99

Canon BJC-1000 $99Canon BJC-200SE $129Canon BJC-5000 $223HP1100 $549HP21 00 999Epson 740 $348Epson 440 $1 8 9M S Natural KB $ 3 9Subwoofer 3pcs $35 $235 Mon .- Friday 9:00-19:003B mouse with Pad $5 PC- 100 64M $146 Sat u rday 1 0 :00-17:00Logitach Quick Camera USB $109 Call for updated price. Geveminant 8 Corp. are wafcomad.Prices Subject to change without notice. All Pricas have 4'/o cash discounted already before tax.

Asus P3BFAsus P299Soyo BA+Soyo ZX440Abit BH&Asus PSABmmmi85Motorola 5&k V.eo PCIUBR 5&K v.eo pclAopen S&K v.eo40x ACER44x Cybardriva4&X CraaovaSox AsusSound CArdSB 128 PCISB Live ValuePIII450MHzCaleron 400 PPGACalaron 488Pit 400MhaPC-100 128M

$72$278$105$159$235

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caiaran 3&6/Fan32M Ram/ Soyo MotherboardATi Rage lic 4M AGPFujitsu 3.26/1.44 FDDYamaha 128 Sound CardMotorola S&k V.&Q PCI44X CD-ROMKeyboard PS2/Mouse/PadS mid case ATX/180w S ak

• •

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IntelCeleron A366Mhz

$780.00

Pll 440BX Pro USB MB84INB SDRAM 100MhzSMB AGP Video1A4 Floppy DriveSAQB UitraDINA HDDAT Mid Tower Case40X CD Rom84 Bits PCI Sound120W Speaker58K V.90 Fax INodem104 Keys KeyboardSerial Mouse

Other Configurations also available

400INhzIntel 440BX USB MB84MB SDRAM 100INhzATI SMB AGPX2 Video1A4 Floppy DriveSAGB UltraDINA HDDATX Mid Tower Case40X CD RomSb84 Wave Sound200W SpeakerSSK V.90 Voice INodem104 Keys KeyboardPS/2 Wheel Mouse

$1,200.00Imago Digital Color Nloniter

15" .28mm 1024'788 y210 pD17" .27mm 1280a1024 )32S Op

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Asus P2B USB MB120INB SDRAM 100MhzATI-All-in Wonder Pro1A4 Floppy Drive10GB UltraDMA HDDATX INid Tower CaseHitachi DYDEE SX DriveSb120 PCI Wave Sound120W Stereo SpeakersSSK V90 Voice INodem104 Keys KeyboardPSI2 Wheel INouse

• • • • • a

THE COMPUTER PAPER CREATER TORONTO EDITION www.tc .ca OCTOBER 1999 ,Q TC P, TEST LABSmalexmarkl31

Loxmarkl51

Loxm ark DECPhoto Jetprlfdar 6778 sayoracrlyt 656C

Xerox DocaPrlatABC

Xerox DooaPrlatNBC

Xerox DotmPrintC11

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Print methodMaximum resolution d iNozzles black/color

100

1.8 4

thermal in et1,200x1,200208/192

thermal ink'et

3.72 8.2 4 9

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100

thermal ink'et

208/192

thermal ink'et1,200x1,200 1,200x1,200 1,200x1,200 1,200x600 1,200x600 1,200x1,200 1,200x1,200208/192

Rated draft s eed pm color 2.5 ~LnaI 3.5Rated draft s eed m black 4Maximum number of colors 3 6 6 6 5 4 6 4Wei htk IbDimensions WxDxH cm 37.3x21.3x15.5 46, 8x28x20.3 46.4x29.5x22 43.2x20.3x15.2 46x 36.8x25 41.28x29.2x26.7 43. 2x20.3x15.2 43.6x17x21Dimensions WxDxH inches 14.7x8.4x6.1 18.15x11.02x7.99 1 8 .1x11.5x8.6Rated noise level max. 41.2 dB A 45dB A 43dB A 47de A not rated 4668 A 47de A 52(IB AInput tray sheet capacity 100

4.1 9

17xax5

thermal ink'et

206/192

120

bubble 'et

64/64

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48/722.5 4 5

100

thermal ink et

206/192

17.0xs.gx6.0 17.16x6.69x8.26

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Cartrid esDriversInterfacesExtras

1 colorWin3.1/95/98parallel

1 black, 1 colorWin3.1/95/98/NT,OSI2 Win3.1/95/98/NT,0$2 Win3.1/95/98/NT Wi n 3.1/95/NT Win3.1/95parallelCorel PrintHouseMagic 4.0

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Corel PrintHouseMagic 4.0

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parallel, USB parallel, arallel parallel parallel arapelColor Value Pack Ar cSoft Arcsoft Live Pix

1 black, 1 ea CMY 1 black, 1 colorWin 3.1/95/NT

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Inklet heaven!Continuedfrom page 3$

The BJC-6000 is best suited for moredemanding home users with an interest inphoto output or for use in a home office.

Epson Stylus Color 440Suggested retail price: $229

Highlights• The 440 has a maximum speed of 4 ppm in draft

mode, which is about right for its price point. Wewere able to get about 3 ppm using our testpages.

• Setup is fairly easy as all pieces except the rearpaper support come pre-attached.

• The 720x720 resolution is lower than otherEpson printers, but still provides very good textand photographic output quality.Users can-upgrade the printer to support USBconnections.

• Photographic reproduction is good, although inkis applied rather heavily, which could potentially

cause soaking and paper-curling problems.• Black text is very good, and while draft text is

ragged, it's also good. Subtle shades of blackaren't well-distinguished in graphics.

• The printer comes with a good software bundle,including Disney Daily Blast, Adobe PhotoDeluxe2, American Greetings Creatacard. and StickerPixLite.

The Stylus Color 440 is positioned as anentry-level printer, but i t i s well-featuredwith great output. Users looking for faster,higher quality output should cast an eye tothe 740 model, but for the casual user or theuser on a budget, this has everything you' dwant: good output, good support, and a goodsoftware bundle.

It is best suited for general-purpose homeuse with some photographic output.

Epson Stylus Color 740Suggested retail price: $399

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740 offers one of the highest resolutions.• Connectivity on this model is emphasized, with

the standard parallel port accompanied by a USBport and a serial connector for Mac users, USBsetup was quick and easy.

• The printer is rated for a maximum 6 ppm, whichis on the slow side compared to some of theother machines tested here. We were able toachieve 5 ppm.

• Black text quality is excellent. Draff quality is abit pixellated, but still readable.

• Photographic output is also excellent, althoughthe ink is laid rather heavily onto the paper, caus-ing soaking problems and paper curling whenthe ink dries.Graphic reproduction is excellent, with good dif-ferentiation between subtle shades of black,

• Setup is fairly easy, requiring only the rear papersupport to be attached.

• At 47 decibels, the printer is on the loud side.The whirring and grinding during printing couldbe problematic in quieter environments.

• The 740 is also available in the new Apple iMacand iBook color scheme, as the Stylus Colori740. Owners of the older units may purchase anew lid in any of the five iMac colors.The printer comes with a good software bundle,including Adobe PhotoDeluxe 2, BroderbundPrint Shop, and Disney Daily Blast.

This printer was a favorite when the Test Labgot a chance to look at i t late last year.Though it now seems a bit slower than someof the newer inkjets units being offered, inmost other ways the 740 still holds up welLIt offers excellent output, a good softwarebundle, and excellent interface options.Where speed isn't the overriding concern,this printer still makes a very nice choice.

Highlights• The printer is rated for a maximum of 8 ppm in

monochrome draft mode. With our average pageof text, we achieved about 7 ppm.The 882C comes with both parallel and USBinterfaces. USB setup was quite easy with ourtest PC.

• When the cover is opened, the ink containersslide over automatically for easy removal,Black text was crisp and legible even in draftIilode.

• Photographic reproduction was very good whenusing photo paper, although minor banding waspresent at times. Graphics print clearly, withgood differentiation between subtle shades ofblack,

• The printer's maximum resolution is 600x600,but it uses HP's Photo Bet II technotogy to

The Color Stylus 740 is best suited for thedemanding home user, digital photo enthu-siast, or for use in a small office or homeoffice (SOHO) environment.

Hewlett-Packard OeskJet 882CSuggested retail price: $429

ltlghllghts• At 1,440x720 dpi resolution, the Stylus Color

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OCTOBER 1999 THE COMPUTER PAPER GREATER TORONTO EDITION www.t .ca• Q T C P T EST LABS

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achieve a much higher picture quality.• At 42 decibels, the printer was very quiet.• Ag of the pieces earns pre-attached, cutting

dawn on setup time.HP Printing Possibilities software is bundled withthe printer and features PrintMaster Geld pub-lishing suite, Professor Franldin's Instant PhotoEffects. Microsoft Picture It! Express, andOisney's Blast online software.

HP's inkjets have sometimes been criticizedfor their 600x600 dpi resolution, whichseems low when compared to the 1,440x720or 1,200x1,200 resolutions offered by rivalmanufacturers' printers. Rather than increas-ing the nmnber of dots, HP focuses on mak-ing the most out of the dots that are alreadythere on the page with its Photo Ret H tech-nology.

The technology's added accuracy defi-nitely shows in the newer members of theDeskJet line, with photographic and textreproduction easily rivaling the productswith the higher resolution. Even with alower cost, the 882C also boasts that printquality, a sturdy and very usable design, andquiet operation. Wth the addition of USBconn~vity, it offers excellent value andperformance in one handy package.

The Deskjlet 882C is best suited for thedemanding horne user, digital photo enthu-siast, or for use in a SOHO environment.

Hevidett-Packard Desk)et Sf?$CjriSuggested retell price: 6679

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igg blights• The printer is rated for a maximum of 10 ppm in

monochrome draft mode, but it will mare realis-tically deliver between 6 and 9 ppm with highercoverage of text. Adding color text drops thatscore to between 6 and 7 ppm, which is stillquite good.

• Black text was crisp and legible, even in draft

• Color print speed was generally quite good, andreproduction was excellent when using photopaper. Photographic reproduction was excellentGraphic reproductian is very good. The printerhandles subtle variations in shades of black weIL

• The 8950xI comes with both parallel and USBinterfaces. The USB setup was quite easy on ourtest PO.

• The 695Cxi has a maximum resolution of600x600 dpi, which is enhanced using HP'sPhotoRet Il technology.

• At 42 declbels, it printed quite quietly.• When the eever is opened, the ink containers

slide over automatieagy for easy removal.• Ag of the pieces came pre-attached, euNng

dawn setup time.• The printer comes with HP Printing Essentials

saftware GO, which includes Office In Color andPhoto Recall.

The 89SCxi is a bigger sibling to the &82C ina few ways. Although it is still the same phys-ical size and has the same interface options,it offers better and faster reproduction ofboth text and photography. Where the 882Cis perfect for more demanding SOHO users,

ifighflghts• The printer is rated far a draft speed af 12 ppm

for black text. We were able to achieve just under8 ppm using our test page.Resolution for the printer is 600x600 dpi, butthis is enhanced using HP's PhatoRet II technol-ogy, for better dot placement, 'Re higher norriscount on this model helps deliver the higher-quality output at a higher speed.At 46 decibels, the printer's noise level can accs-sionally be intrusive. especially the clackingnoise produced when the printer moves fromone sheet to another.Text quality Is excellent. It ls clear and legibleeven in draft made.

• Photographic reproduction is excellent, even onplain bond paper, Printing on photo paper yieldseven better results. Graphic reproductian isexcegeril, with good dNerengation between sub-tle shades of grey.

• In addition to the parallel Interface, the 970Csehas USB connectiv@ for greater gexibility.The printer comes with an twowided printingmodule that can be attached to the back of themachine as needed ar simply Ielt on full time.

• Ag the pieces come pre-atlached, for quick andeasy setup.

• When the cover is opened. the Ink cartridgesautomatically slide over into loading/unloadingposition.

• The printer comes with an HP software bundlethat includes Instant Oelivery, Photo Web site,Web PrintSmart, and Fontgmart, as well as ByOesign Office and ONce In Color.

This model is the newest addition to HP'sextensive line of inkjet printers. The 970Csefs rated at a speedy 12 ppm, and offers excel-lent quality output of both text and graphics.The photographic output quality is excellentright out of the box.

Although the printer's maximum resolu-tion is 600x600, HP's PhotoRet ll technologyproves once again that it's not necessarilyhow many dots you have, it's what you dowith them that counts. The induded duplex-ing (automatic double-sided printing) mod-ule is the icing on the cake.

The HP DeskJet 970Cse is best suited fordigital photo enthusiast, or for use in aSOHO environment.

Letrmark Z11Estimated street price: $149Hlgbilghls• The Z11 is rated at 4 ppm for black and 2.5 ppm

for color output, which puts it at the front of itscategory in terms af speed. We were able toachieve between 3 and 4 ppm.

• Most of the pieces come pra-attached, wgh onlythe rear paper support requiring installation.

the 895Cxi takes. one step up to provide thesame level of satisfaction for a larger office

The HP Deskjet 89S Cxi is best suited forthe digital photo enthusiast„or for use in aSOHO environment.

Hewlett-Packard l?eskjatE?7OCseSuggested retail price: 6699

We were a bit shocked when we found outhow inexpensive this printer Is, because itmanages to take a number of things thathave been featured in Lexmark's higher-endprinters and brings them down to the entry-level field. The biggest sacrifices here are itss inglewartridge design and s low p r in tspeed — it is a lot slower than other modelsusing the same technology. Those are verysmall prices to pay, however, for a printerthat offers so much high-end technology atsuch an affordable price.

The Lexmark Z11 is best suited for gener-al-purpose home use, and for home officeusers on a hght budget.

Lexmark Z31Estimated street price: $279Rig hllg his• The Z91 Is rated for a speed of 6 ppm in black

and 3.5 ppm in color, but we were able toachieve a slightly lower number.

• All of the pieces come pre-attached. Paper sup-ports fald down and the paper output tray slidesunder the machine when not in use, makingsetup quick and easy.

• The Z31 uses a dual-carlrldge design for optimalprint quality without cartridge switching,-Theprinter ships with one black and ane color car-tridge. Users can replace the black cartridge wilh

The Z11 uses only one cartridge at a time, whichmeans the user is limited to black or color.Pringng black from the color cartridge can beexpensive, and doesn't produce true black.

• Lexmark offers 1.200x1,200 to the entry-levelmarket with this printer, agowlng users to printhigh-quality photographic images even an a low-end model.Alsa new to the entry-level category is the Accu-Feed system, which is found on the higherendLexmark madeis. This system feeds paper usingapplied torque, and is designed to eliminate jamsand misfeeds. even with thicker media.The Z11 ships with the color cartridge included,Users who will be printing a lot of black textshould purchase a black cartridge to avoid usingup costly color ink, and for crisper black repro-duc5on.

• Color reproduction is generally good, although itsuffers a bit from the lack af a black cartridge.Graphics reproduce fairly well, with good differ-entiation of shades of black, although colors area bit light.Black text is a bit muddy when using the includ-ed color cartridge, but is generally high-qualityand legible. Printing with the black cartridgemakes text crisp and legible. In draft mode, textis a bit more ragged around the edges, but is slillvery legible.

• At just over 41 decibels, the printer is very quiet.• When the cover Is opened, the cartridge moves

aver for easy removal ar changing.

V anc o u v e r + Tor o n t o

THE COMPUTER PAPER GREATER TORONTO EDITION www.tc .ca OCTOBER 1999 ® TCP TEST LABS I

an optional photo cartridge for better photo-graphic reproducgon.

• The printer is capable of a resolution of1,20Qx1,200, for high-quality text and graphicreproduction.Photographic reproduction was excellent.Like the Z11, the 231 uses the Accused systemto prevent paper jams and to automatically feedpaper of varying sizes.

• Black text Is crisp and readable, even in draftmode. Photographic reproduction Is excelienL

• When the cover is opened, the cartridge movesover for easy removal or changing.

• The 231 comes with Coral's PrintHouse Magic4.0 software.

Control Panel solved this fairly easily.At 48 declbels, the printer operates fairly quietly.

• Black text is quite crisp and legible. Qraft modeblack text Is more ragged, but still quite legible.

• Color reproduction is good and photographicreproducgon is excellent. For better photographicoutput, users can Install a photo cartridgeinstead of the black cartridge, bringing the totalnumber of colors to six.

• Graphic reproducgon is generally quite good,although subtle shades of black were somewfxrt

indistinct, and at times the Z51 lays the ink a bitheavily onto sections requiring more coverage,leaving the paper soggy.

• The 251 uses Lexmark's Accu-Feed technology,for more accurate paper feeding and alignment.

• Ail of the pieces come pre-attached, for quicksetup. In addmon, the paper support folds downand acts as a dust cover over the paper inputarea, when the machine is not in use.

• The Z51 comes with Coral's PrlntHouse Magic4.0 software.

While the Z31 offers highlandtechnology ina lowermost padtage, the Z51 goes one stepbeyond. The Z51 incorporates a new printhead technology featuring smaller dropletsize for more a~ repr oduction fessoverlap and bleeding), and bumps up theprint speed substantially. A bit of paper curl-ing could be a problem for sheets with high-er ink coverage. Otherwise, this printer offersexceptional output for both text and photo-

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As you'd expect from the name Z31, thisprinter is positioned smack-dab betweenLexmark's Zll and Z51 models. It's fasterthan the entry-level Zl 1, provides highquai-ity output, and features the paper handlingand tw~rtridge design of the higher<ndZ51 version. Those looking for even fasteroutput should read on for the Z51 model,but the Z31 is a perfect compromise for userslooldng for high quality and performancewithout having to spend too much money.

The Lexmark Z31 is best suited for thedigital photo enthusiast, or for use in aSOHO environment.

Lejttnarh ZSCEstimated street price: $379

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Highgghts• Lexmark refers to the resolution of the Z51 as

1,200x1,200-plus, The "plus" indicates thesmaller drop size used. which results in lessoverlap and more accurate reproduction.

• The printer is rated for a top speed of10 ppm.but we achieved between 7 and 8 ppm.

• The printer can detect what Idnd of cartridges areInstalled, which saves the user some configura-tion of the printer software.

• The Z51 features the option of parallel and USBinterfaces. When installing the printer using USB,we encountered a minor configuration problem,with the printer settings defaulting to the parallelport. Switching the connection from LPT1 toUSB In the printer's manual settings in Windows

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Inltjet heavenlContinued from page 46

• Text quality is good in both regular and draftmode.

• Photographic output is very good.• Most of the pieces come attached, requiring only

the installation of a paper support to set up.• The printer comes with Xerox's' three-year war-

ranty.Xerox is well-known as a document compa-ny, and its inkiet printers are a good addi-tion to its long line of document-creationdevices. At the lower end, the XJ6C offers alot of quality for a fairly low price. The sep-arate color ink tanks offer a bit of efficiencythat many users will find very attractive.The longer warranty period is also a nicebonus.

The Xerox DocuPrint XJ6C is best suitedfor general home use with occasional photo-graphic output.

Xerox DocuPrlnt XISCSuggested retail price: 8279Highlights• The XJBG has a top resoludon of 1,200x1,200

dpi for very high-quality output.• The printer is rated for 8 ppm output. We were

able to achieve about 6 ppm.• The sheet-feeding mechanism automatically

adjusts for paper thickness, to avoid jammingand misfeeding.

• Black text is very crisp, and draft mode output isvery legible.

• Photographic output is excellent. For better pho-tographic output, users can replace the blackcartridge with a photo cartridge, bringing the

total number of colors to six.• Graphics reproduce well, although there isn't as

much dNerentiation between subtle shades ofblack as with other machines.

• At 47 decibels, the printer may be too loud forsome quieter environments.

• Setup of this printer is a bit more involved,requiring the attachment of a few pieces.

• The pdnter features Xerox's three-year warranty.• The printer ships with a copy gf Arcsoft's

PhotoStudio Suite.

The XJ8C is a step up on the quality ladder,with high-quality output both for text andphotographs. The machine would be a greataddition to any desktop where both text andcolor output are needed. Xerox's very longwarranty period only bolsters that. (Note:This model is now officially out of activeproduction, but will be on store shelves for awhile longer, at a discount from previouspricing.)

Continued on page $0

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By VINCE QI BEREARDO

Placing your company ou the Internetcan be a perp lies coseuaiag yrocess iiyou do not have all the facts. SemeInternet companies actually increasethc diRcultfca invelved by «sing a lotof coufusmg computer terms. At EchoOnHnc we believe our customers shouldbe fully informed about how theInternet can serve their businessbefore going online. We believe iucommmdcating with eur customers iu astraightforward language that resultsiu fast aotutiona te auy Internetobjective. Regardless ef the cise ofyour company we cau provhle theappropriate solution to yeur Internetucels. Herc are some clear facts yourbassness should be aware of to ensurethe correct choices are made whengoing online.

Registered2

Where to Begin

One ef the engineers at Echo Online canesichly chech to see if the name yourcompany would Hhe to obtain isavailable. We can then register 5 toensure no other company cau uae it iuthe future. We cau rcgiistcr auybiamoaa name regardless of whether Rends in "cern" "uet" "erg" or even ifit ia a Canadian name that ends with"ca". Even if your company does uetuccd a web page right away, it isextremely important to guarantee that

The Srat step required kn gettiugouhne ia to register a same for yourcompany. It ia far mere professionalfor abuaiueas te use it'sown name for aw c b a d d r e s s ( i e .www.yourcompauy.corn} aa opposed tousing a long and hard, to rememberaddress such as those provided for f'rccf'rom most Internet providera fie.www.yourISP corn/- customers/yourcompany}. These days even the smallestbusinesses are ouhne, so it is importantthat your company ahouM also have aprofessional loohiug web site with arcgiatcred name. Another bcueltabout having a registered name ia itcan be used for sending aud receiviugEmail. Most customers will remembersales®yeurcompauy.corn much betterthan an Email address such aabob8748@yourISPcom

How can I get my Owm Kame

prim

Choosing am ISP

Iu addition to having Virtual Eoalh~apace, you will of course also need tehave a wcb page. I f your companyalready haa a web page, trauafemug itto eur ultra highapeed digital networkia as easy aa a qaich phone call to ourcorporate support staff. If yourcompany ia iu need of a web site, EchoOnline provides complete web pagedesign aolutioua fer auy siss ofcompany. Presently we are serviughundreds of commercial customers thatrauge iu siss from oue personoperations te multhuilliou dollar publiccorporations. Our introductory wcbsite design begins for as little as$12Q,OO aud provides a completeprofcldoual Internet presence forsmall businesses. Larger companiescau tahe advantage of our web sitedesign team that aymialisea iu fuQcustom corporate design and databaseintegration at a highly competitive

What is Next2

Once you decide to ge Hvc on theInternet the next step ia to have yourweb site "Virtually Eoated" by auInternet Service Provider ESP} such «sEcho Online. Virtual Hosting is ahuplyw hen we provide space fer the world tosee your company at it'a own usmcsuch as www.yourcompauy.corn.Virtual Eestiug ia an extremelyreliable and affordable way for auycompany te have a professionalpresence on the Internet without theneed to purchase auy expensivecomputer ecpdpment. Imleed, somecompaniea who uae Virtual Eoatiug douot even owu computers! Yct thesecompaniea stiH loch high tech byhaving their web «ite has~ on ourultra highapeed digital uetworha.

your corporate name ia registered asteu thouaaud new names are beingregistered each day b y o t h erbmdneaaes. If you do uet get yourname secured aeon, it is lihely anotherbusiness wR tahe it.

ouHuc you need to ensure your ISP haathe abiHty to meet all your futureInternet needs. Echo Online has thsfastest possible dhcct connection tothe global Internet backbone. Ourcomputers are all state ef the art,profeaaienallymaiutaiued Unix aud NTservers with unsurpassed speed andreliability. Our network always haa anabundance of available unusedresources. This means that ourcustomer'a web aitea are never slew oruurcliable. Our expert staff ensuresthat each server meets the most up todate technology to avoid intruaioufrom maHcioua outside sources. Inaddition to our fully redundant datastorage, all systems are completelybached up severa15mea a day.

' Echo Quliue haa a professional staffthat fa fuHy versed in aH forms ofInternet technology. Our network iauudntained entirely by hnowlcdgeableexperts with years of former work-'..experience. We are uot forced te

constantly train new employeea aalarger %Pa de. In fact, most of thestaff st Echo Online have been usingthe Internet since before it wascommercially available or commonlyknown to the general public. Wc thinkof some of our staff aa the originalpioneirs ef the Internet world. Atthnes other Internet compauiea iuToronto consult eor staff when theyexperience problems their owuemployees cannot resolve.

Echo OnHnc haa been in business inToronto since 1994 -mahing ua one ofthe f i rst c ommercial I n t ernetcompauiea iu Canada. UulRe fly bynight Internet compauiea, we are herefor the long hauL Often uew Internetcompanies pop up and charge prices farbelow marhct value ahnply to get acHent base. Although these low pricesmight look Hhc a good deal at Brat, thelevel of service cau never compare.Last year a Toronto baaed ISP with .8200 subscribers completelydisappcarcd without notifying theircustomers. The subscribers of this ISPthought they' were gcttiug a good dealby paymg around 50/o the price ofwhat some ether ISPa charge.However, when their ISP vanished thecustomers lost the access they prepaidfor, their Email aud their web pages.Would you Hhe te have to exphdn toyour boas that your cerporate Internetpresence just vanished becmme youwanted to save 45.00?

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When customers aah ua what aervi~we offer, we like to say cFcrptkkglEcho OnHnc is truly a full service ISRWe offer everything from casual55Kdialup access to advancecorporate Worhl Wide Web selutiona.We provide Unix aud Microsoft Kfacr vera, e-cemmerce aolutiona,Erontpuge support, ABC aud SOLdatabases, dedicated eiasdta, CGIprogramming, ISON, custom networkaolutiona, server co-location, state ofthe art eydpment, professional staffand s» much mere. Simply put, if yourneeds are Internet related wc have theanswers

All of our services «re dhected towardsprovidtug the highest quaHty aoluthnafor yeur business'a Internet needs.Other ISPs may think that theircustomers are hhe bablea who will eatanything spoon fed to them, but weunderstand the needs and concerns «f agrowing business Ouf prices arealways competitive for the services weprovide. It has always been our peHcyto provide an honest service fer auhonest price. SmaH business entrylevel w'eb presence starts at aa Httlc aa$28 OO ameuth.

Call ua today to speah te a customerservice representative. We are happyto auswer any cycestiona youhave. Tellua about your Internet rcydrements aowe csn provide a custom tailoredprogram that beat Sta your business.W e cau have your business online in afew days even if your company haanever used a computer. We guaranteeN

Echo Online2What SerVieeS are Offered by

With ao many ISPa offeri n what seemto be shuHar services it can oken be adaunting tash to choose a particularISR If your business intends to grow

OCTOBER 1999 THE COMPUTER PAPER GREATER TORONTO EDITION www.tc .ca~ i Tco TEST lASS

Highlights• With a maximum resoiubon of 1,200x1,200 dpi,

this printer is a good choice for high-quality textand photographic output.

• The printer is rated for a top speed of 9 ppm. Wewere able to achieve about 6 ppm.

• Black text is crisp and legible, even In draftmode,

• Photographic reproduction is excellent.• Graphics print well, with good solid colors, and

good differentiation between subtle shades ofblack.

• At times the ink is applied to the paper ratherheavily, which could cause soaking problems, orpaper curling as the ink dries.

• At 52 decibeis, this is the loudest printer testedthis month, which could be of concern to usersin quieter operating environments.

• The printer also comes with Live Pix software.• Quite a bit of setup is required, with a number

Inkjet heavesslContinued from page 48

The Xerox DocuPrint XJSC is best suitedfor more demanding home users, digital cam-era enthusiasts, or for use in a home office.

Xerex DoctsPrlnt C11Suggested retail price: $299

889P'S Chaiae

of pieces to be attached.• As with other Xerox products, the DocuPrint C11

also comes with a three-year warranty.The DocuPrint Cl 1 is one of the workhorsesof Xerox's inkjet printer line. It's got greatresolution, excellent output quality for bothtext and photographic material, and is gen-erally speedy. The higher price may put offsome more casual users, but those lookingfor a dependable printer should find this onemeets their needs quite well.

The Xerox DocuPrint Cll is best suitedfor digital camera enthusiasts, or for use in aSOHO environment.

Although the speed is on the slow side (aswith other printers at this price point),the Zl l features technology straight outof the highg,,end of Lexmark's consumerinkjet line, including 1,200x1,200 resolu-tion an d the Ac cu-Feed system.Considering the quality you get for thislow price, it may even interest moredemanding usersl

Hewlett-Packarsl Deskjet 970CseFor sheer performance, this model is a win-ner. It has a high print speed, features bothparallel and USB connections, and has out-standing print quality. The photographicreproduction is so good that it even looksamazing on plain paper. Although higherpriced, those who are looking for high-quali-ty output are bound to find the extra invest-ment worthwhile. U

l.exmark Z11 I Il~ ii I@For users on a budget, thisone is really hard to beat.

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THE COMPUTER PAPER GREATER TORONTO EDITION www.tc .ca OCTOBER 1999 NKWS

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MONTREAL (NB) — A proposed U.S. Justice Department bill that would allow police to secret-ly enter homes and disable security features on computers has driven tens of thousands ofAmericans to request privacy protection from Canadian firm Zero-Knowledge Systems, thecompany announced in late August,

Zero-Knowledge president Austin Hill said when news of the proposed measure brokea week earlier, his office was flooded with calls and messages from American Internetusers inquiring about the availability of his company's security system, called Freedom,which uses a sophisticated network of encoding and remote servers to obscure Internet

"We' ve received email, telephone messages, and thousands of Freedom beta sign-ups frompeople looking to secure their privacy. It's highly ironic that a Canadian company is beingflooded by requests to protect American citizens from their own government," Hill said.

Zero-Knowledge is presently beta-testing Freedom, which provides "total" privacy forWeb, email, newsgroup, and chat-room activities by encrypting data and rerouting it throughindependently operated servers scattered worldwide.

Hill says an improved beta version will soon enter testing and that, based on the latest floodof interest, his company is scaling-up to accommodate what he says will be, "millions and mil-lions of computer users all over the world," once the product hits the market later this year.

According to reports published since the the announcement of the legislation, U.S. offi-cials will seek authorization through the Cyberspace Electronic Seel/rity Act for FBI and localpolice to covertly enter private homes and disable computer encryption programs. The pro-posal would dramatically increase police powers by allowing agents to tamper with personalcomputers to surreptitiously monitor personal communications.

"It's disappointing that U.S. consumers must look to other countries for protection froma government they feel is overstepping its investigative authority," David Sobel, general coun-sel for the Electronic Privacy Information Center in Washington, told Hill following theannouncement of the proposed bill. "The United States should be in the forefront of privacytechnology, not trying to circumvent it."

Montreal-based Zero-Knowledge says it benefits from Canada's support for the develop-ment of strong privacy solutions, in contrast with what it says is the U.S. government's strin-gent controls on encryption and privacy technologies. 0

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Adobe, Corel launch new color,publishing products at Seybold

Public beta fer Acrobat 4.0 for Mec Sy stemsissuedan openlnvitationtoMacintosh The featured plug-ins perform functionsAt the Seybold SF '99 publishing conference, users to putidpatein the publicbeta testing for previously only available to Windows users.held in San Francisco in late August, Adobe its new Acrobat 4.0 Mac plug-ins. According to Adobe, the four plug-ins are:

• Web Capture, for converting Web pagesor sites into Adobe Portable DocumentFormat (PDF) files, which can be saved,viewed offline, printed, or stored;

• a plug-in that supporbi digital signaturesfor authenticating and safeguarding data;

• Document Compare, for opening two ormore PDF files side-by-side;

• and a plug-in that aaows Acrobat users toautomatically send Ilies via email.

The minimum Mac system requirementsto run the plug-ins (which can be down-loaded at the Adobe site) are a Power Macrunning System 7.5.3 (8.6 is required for WebCapture), with 6 MB of RAM for Acrobat, 60MB of available hard disk space, a CD-ROMdrive, and an Acrobat 4.0 licence.— MJ

Adobe, http//betat.adobe.corn/acrobat macplugin /download. html

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Adobe also announced the release ofPressReady, its professional printing andproofing tool for select desktop color inkjetprinters.

The software is a new host-based AdobePostScript 3 RIP optimtaed for professional-level desktop inkjet printers. It indudesadvanced color management based on ICCcolor profiles, along with tools to create andprint color-managed PDF files. The companysays PressReady allows users to create afford-able, high-quality color prints from theirinkjet printers using Adobe PostScript 3,Adobe PDF technology and industry colorstandards. For graphics professionals, Adobesays, it offers representative color output ear-lier in the print publishing workflow, andreduces the chance of costly mistakes whenprint jobs go to press.

"The goal in designing this product wasto deliver industry standards to the desktopin an easy-to-use utility based on the envi-ronment graphics professionals alreadyknow," says Susan Altman Prescott, directorof marketing for Adobe's,professional print-ing products.

PressReady includes a free 18-month sub-scription to the PressReady Internet UpdateProgram, which allows partidpants to down-load software support for new printers.PressReady currently supports the Canon

Continued on puge $6

int'erri.et;

THE COMPUTER PAPER GREATER TORONTO EDITION www.tc .ca OCTO8ER 1999

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Starportal to enable browser accessto office productivity tools

7'

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NEW YORK CITY (NB) — Sun MicrosystemsInc. is taking on M i crosoft Corp. by'announcing the purchase of a companywhose products are Micorsoft Office-like,but that can be delivered to any Webbrowser. In the process, Sun's vision of"networked computing" or "networkedservices" has taken a big step toward real-ity.

Sun called its new StarPortal a "majorinitiative" that will move word process-ing, presentation graphics, spreadsheetand other office software tools off thedesktop to any Web browser — and eventu-ally to portable devices.

Sun officials announced the StarPortalinitiative and discussed its networked ser-vices future at a news conference in NewYork City in late August.

Sun is carrying out its plan via its pro-posed acquisition of Star Division Inc. ofFremont, Calif. Financial details of thebuyout were not made available.

In order to entice users away fromproducts like Microsoft Office and towardits StarPortal product, Sun will offer thedesktop version of Staroffice for free viadownload at its Web site. A CD-ROM ofthe software is also available for a US$9,95shipping fee. Printed documentation andsupport can also be purchased.

The Staroffice software is completelycompatible with the Microsoft Officeproduct family, including Word andExcel, and is designed to make the transi-

Zander,

browser.

tion from Microsoft's product to Sun' sproduct much easier, according to Sunpresident and chief operating officer Ed

StarPortal is essentially a Web-basedversion of Staroffice that combines a Java-based client with the software to enablebrowser access to o f f ice productivitytools. Through StarPortal, users will beable to access their office "desktop" andsynchronize changes from any Web

Software developers will be able tointegrate StarPortal features via a compo-nent model Sun will develop, companyofficials also said. Through this program,for example, a Web-based financial servicecould embed within an investment appli-cation a basic spreadsheet component,which would then be made available tocustomers through a Web browser.

Sun will also provide source codeunder licensing terms, officials said. Thecompany will make available the binaryversion of Staroffice to end-users and thebinary version of StarPortal to serviceproviders. Sun will also publish the speci-fications to these technologies and pro-vide th e s o urce code u n der Sun' sCommunity Source Licence.

Staroffice and StarPortal are alsomulti-platform capable, Zander said,meaning the products can run on Solaris,Linux, OS/2 and Windows. StarPortal isalso Java client-ready, he said, and is scal-able so it can run on thin Web clients and

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Web applications that cannot handle fat .clients like Microsoft Office.

"We' re not interested in going out andtrying to compete with Microsoft's Officefat-client product," Zander said. "This is anetwork play, this is a service-distributedplay, this is a Net economy play. This is aplay to enable users to get easy access tosimple office productivity applications

Early-access versions of the StarPortaloffice productivity suite will be availablelater this fall. The company said it is tar-geting spring 2000 for final delivery. Sunwill sell service and support for StarPortal,officials also said.

Sun said it will work with key partnerslike certain Internet service providers(ISPs) and network hosting services toaccelerate the adoption of StarPortal.

The new strategy fulfills Sun's "any-one, any time, anywhere from any devicecomputing" strategy, Zander said. "It' s

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"The network's where it's at, and appli-cations and services [will] move to thenetwork," he said. Sun and its partnerswill move services to the network bybuilding powerful back-end servers withthe space and transmission capabilities tostore these applications in a secure envi-ronment."

Sun's goal is not modest: "To Web-enable and browser-enable every devicethat has a microprocessor in it; whetherit's your car, whether it's your television,vrhether it's your desktop, whether it' syour airline seat or hotel room," Zandersaid. Sun aims to "provide the networkinfrastructure in terms of software andtechnology to allow you to connect theseWeb front-ends to these very sophisticat-ed back-ends through a portal-based com-puting environment."

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BJC-8500, Epson Stylus Color 800, 8SD,IS20, and 3000 models, and Hewlett-Packard DeskJets 89SC, 1120C, and2000C. The list of supported devices willbe updated at the PressReady site.

PressReady has an estimated streetprice of US$249, with a special introducto-ry offer of US$149 through Dec. 31,1999.— MfAdobe, http J/www.adobe.corn/prodindex/press-

ready

Corelbraw now ln colorCorel Corp. has added color managementsoftware from Heide lber gerDruckmaschinen AG to its CorelDraw 9Graphics Suite, calling the new versionCorelDraw 9 Premium Color Edition.

Corel says the new edition, which hasa suggested retail pdce of $1,550 (or $775to upgrade from competing products),offers service bureaus, output centres andprofessional designers phenomenal con-

trol over their color quality.In addition to the two main appBca-

iions — CorelDraw 9 and Corel Photo-Paint9 — the suite i ncludes: HeidelbergColorOpen ICC LE for generating colorprofiles for input, display and outputdevices; a monitor luminance sensor; AgfaITB Scanner Target for creating ICC pro-files for scanners; The Secrets of ColorManagement and From Design to Distributionln the Digital Age, in PDF format; The ColorGuide and Glossary, in PDF format; CorelService Bureau profiier; Microsoft VisualBasic for Applications 6.0; Canto CumulusDesktop LE 4.0; Bitstream Pont Navigator;CoreITexture; CorelTRACE 9; Corel-Capture 9; Digim are Digital Water-marking; Human Software Squizz!; and alibrary of graphics, photos, and TrueType

The Premium Color Edition will beavailable in English, German, French,Italian, Spanish and Brazilian-Portuguesewithin 60 days df the North Americanrelease. A Japanese language version isscheduled for release in 2000.— MI

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- oo an wa on i in uonsumer skepticism and high prices

have been blamed for the slow adop-tion of e lectronic-book (e-booki

devices, such as the Rocket eBook andSoftBook, and e-book technology in general,In late August, however, Adobe, Fatbrain andMicrosoft each announced new electronic-reading technologies and services that mayhelp speed the pace of acceptance.

Microsoft ReaderNB — At Seybold SF '99 publishing conferencein San Francisco, Microsoft Corp. introduceda software application it claims will make iteasier for computer users to read text on theirscreens. The software giant is hoping theMicrosoft Reader's clean, uncluttered copy

will be a driving force in the growth of the. emerging e-book market.

Microsoft's ClearType technology, which thecompany says makes digital text as readableas the words on a printed page. MicrosoftReader also comes with a built-in dictionaryand storage capabilities, tools to help usersjump to any part of the document they' rereading, and a copyright-protection system.The company expects to ship a beta versionof Microsoft Reader in the fall, but did notreveal an estimated price for the product.

In his keynote address at Seybold, DickBrass, vice-president of technology develop-ment at Microsoft, claimed the MicrosoftReader will change the pace of adoption of

The application i s p ropelled by

Microsoft, Fatbrain, Adobe unveil new reading technologies, services

CMicrosoft, http: //www.microsoft.corn

electronic-reading devices with its high-qual-ity typography. He predicted that in fewerthan 15 years, more than half of all booktitles sold will be electronic. "Advances incomputer displays and storage have madeelectronic reading possible," Brass said,"Microsoft Reader will make it widespreadand profitable."

will allow publishers and retailers to makeelectronic content available for distributionand sale over the Internet.

The partners include Bames BT Noble,Everybook, Fa t b rain.corn, 1st Books,Glassbook, Iornega, Octavo, Salon.corn,Seybold Publications, Simon R Schuster, andXerox.

"Our objective is to provide publishers,distributors, and retailers a quick and secureroute to distribute and sell documents viathe Internet," said Joe Eschbach, vice-presi-dent of Adobe. "Since many publishinghouses already use PDF for printing andarchiving, we wanted to develop a technolo-gy built from the open, publicly available

Adobe SystemsAdobe Systems had e-book news of its own atSeybold, announcing the pre-release of twonew technologies, Adobe PDF Merchant andWeb Buy, for testing and implementation bya group of Adobe partners.

The company says the two technologies

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Continued from page 14

San Diego software company from selling anemulator that allows PlayStation games torun on PCs.

The U.S. District Court for t4e NorthernDistrict of California denied a motion for theinjunction that Sony had been seekingagainst Bleem Inc.

"This decision is huge for Bleem," saidDavid Herpolsheimer, president and chiefexecutive officer of Bleem in a statement.

The ruling means Bleem can continuedeveloping, marketing and selling its emula-tor software in the run up to a trial, which hasbeen set for April 24. Bleem says it has alreadysold 80,000 copies of the emulator, which isdesigned for use on Windows-based PCs.

A Sony representative in Tokyo declinedto comment on the ruling.

Sony is alleging copyright infringementand violation of trade secrets against Bleemin developing the device. Similar chargesthat were brought against Connectix Corp.

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There's an old saying that hanging out a signthat says free beer is the quickest way to

for Its Virtual Game Station system for Applecomputers earlier this year. In that case, Sonywon a temporary restraining order, whichConnectix is now appealing.

Free beer strategy, AltaVlsta style

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Web browser.

free Internet service.

become popular. AltaVista, the original giantof Internet search engines, seems to haveadapted that theory to the Internet age, byhanging out a sign on the Web that offers

The result has been a stampede, with anew subscriber registering every five seconds,on average, since the service launched.AltaVista representatives are confident thenew service will easily reach iis target of onemillion users by the end of the year.

Although many European Internet ser-vice providers (ISPs) offer free basic Internetservice, anything approaching a full-featuredInternet subscription has generally carried aprice tag in North America.

AltaVista's solution has been to incorpo-rate software from 1stUp.corn (a company.AltaVista has a 19.9 per cent stake in), whichcombines a sophisticated automatic sub-scription signup service with a micro-portal

The micro-portal is key to the free sub-scription, since it remains visible and plays amix of user4etermined information contentand advertising. And therein lies the key to themystery of how AltaVista can give away freeInternet service — users have to put up withsome advertising on their desktops. The freeservice is not currently available in Canada.

In other news, Compaq sold a majoflty ofits AltaVista division to CMGI Inc. AltaVista isnow AltaVista Company, a self4escribed pre-mier online media and commerce network — JE

The dust may be watching youIt may just be the silly season, but a report inthe New Scientist daims that digital smartdust is being developed that could eventual-ly be floating around inside your house,watching you.

According to a report in the currentonline edition of the magazine, a seriousattempt is underway to develop microme-chanical systems (MEMS) the size of dustmotes, which would be light enough and

19990828/newsstoty2.htmi

IBM Netflnlty servers under $$,000IBM Canada has announced the release ofthe Netfinity 3500 M10 server, aimed at busi-nesses that need a cost-effective networkingsolution based on either the MicrosoftWindows NT or Linux operating systems.

The Netfinity 3500 M10 is certified ascompatible with the four current major fla-vors of Linux, which have become extremelypopular as the OS of choice for cost-effective,reliable Web serving. IBM claims theNetfinity 3500 also offers full RAID harddrive array support for Linux.

The company also claims the 3500 M10Continued on page 60

small enough to float in the air, indistin-guishable from ordinary dust.

Unlike regular wisps of bellybutton lintor cat dander, however, MEMS would bepacked with microscopic wireless trans-ceivers, sensors, lasers, and wrapped in a self-powering skin of solar energy cells.

According to Randy Katz, an engineerworking on the project at the University ofCalifornia at Berkeley, research prototypes ona much larger scale (5 mm long) have alreadybeen constructed. Says Katz,"This remark-able package has the ability to sense andcommunicate, and is self powered."

Katz publicly revealed the project at theMobicom 99 mobile-computing conferencein Seattle. He claimed that in tests, transmis-sions from the MEMS prototype were moni-tored from a range of 21 km (13 miles). Katzsaid a base station or receiver unit could be ahandheld device, much like a pair of binocu-lars. Applications for smart dust mightindude surveillance of hazardous locationsand space exploration.

Future developments in smart dust, Katzclaimed in the New Scientist report, indudebuilding distributed intelligence into thedust to produce "swarm behavior."

New Scientist, httpl/www.newscientist.corn/ns/

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Fatbraln.corn's elwatterNB — Fatbrain.corn, an online seHer of tech-nical books, introduced a technology thatlets book publishers and individual authorssell digitized documents online and keephalf the profits.

E-booh bandwagon fllllng upContinued from page $7

format they already use. With more than70,000 Acrobat Reader downloads per day,Adobe is expanding the market and buildingthe technology to facilitate its growth."

Adobe PDF Merchant is a server-basedtechnology that can be integrated into exist-ing ecommerce and transaction servers. Itmanages encryption of PDF files and the dis-tribution of keys to access them. Web Buy,which Adobe will indude as a feature of itsfree Acrobat Reader software, is the mecha-nism that will allow consumers to purchaseand view electronic content produced usingAdobe PDF Merchant. Acrobat Reader withWeb Buy will be available by the end of theyear, and Adobe PDF Merchant in early 2000.

The pre-release of the Acrobat Readerwith Web Buy and a demo of the buyingexperience, which includes downloadableelectronic content, is available at Adobe'sWeb site.— Megan Johnston

at the Fatbrain.corn site. Ci

Fatbrain.corn has lofty goals for its newservice, which i s c a l led e Matter.Fatbrain.corn chief executive officer, ChrisMacAskill, predicts eMatter will take the pub-lishing world by storm much as eBay andM P3 technology have influenced the auctionand music arenas.

The company is targeting both authorswho can't find publishers and publisherswho want to deliver content that is oftencostly to print, such as outcf-print materi-als, training manuals and company. researchpapers. EMatter also allows magazine pub-lishers to resell articles that have been print-ed in previous editions.

An author who wants to publish a docu- '

ment uploads it to the Fatbrain.corn Web siteas an Adobe PDF, Microsoft Word, Postscript,or text file, sets a price, adds summary infor-mation and places it into one of thousandsof subject categories. For each document soldon Fatbrain.corn, the author gets a 50 per-cent cut. To entice new customers, the com-pany is offering 100 percent royalties on allwork sold between Oct. 18 and Jan. 1.Authors will also be charged a monthly list-ing fee of $1 per title starting in April.

Fatbrain.corn-is offering several titles forfree as an introduction to its eMatter service.You can search by topic and download titles

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OCTOBER 1999 THE COMPUTER PAPER GREATER TORONTO EDITION www.tc .caI MEN $

Palm files lawsuits to protect turfSy Jim Omupts

romputing devices.

Com Corp. is going to court to protectthe operating environment of its fabu-lously successful line of Palm handheld

On July 21, which roughly coinddedwith the Palm Hle launch, 3Com's Palm

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Computing (hitp J/www.palm.corn/) subsidiaryfiled suit in Hong Kong against EcholinkDesign Ltd. This was followed the next daywith the fili n in a U.S. Federal Court inCalifornia of a suit against against Olivetti(Royal) and CompanionLInk Software — thehardware manufacturer and operating sys-tem developer, respectively, of Royal daVinci

128 OR 512KCacbe, 32 Mni In'tel Pll 333 celeron $ 5 9 9Intel Pentium 233MMX $549

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handheld computing devices.Temporary restraining orders were issued

by both courts, and on Aug. 10 Palmreceived a preliminary injunction from theCalifornia court.

The injunction, based on daims that theRoyal daVinci (htlpJ/www.royal,corn/)infringeson Pahn's copyrights, prevents the defendants

soon.

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"from directly or indirectly copying, import-ing, exporting, distributing, or selling in anymedium (certain portions of the) copyrightedPalm OS (TM) source code, or object code, orany software derived therefrom."

Bob Robinson, executive director of mar-keting for the Royal products, said oa modi-fied version jof the daVinci software] isbeing mitten" that will not infringe onPalm's copyrights and Royal intends tobring the revised product bark to market

While keeping its competitors scram-bling, Palm continued to launch new prod-ucts. On Aug. 3, it announced the limitedrelease of the Palm Ine Special Edition,which has a flip lid and transparent housing.The device will only be available throughsome U.S. educational institutions, but if itproves popular one would expect a full pro-duction run might follow, despite its higherproduction costs.

New Palm challessllersEven though sales of the daVinci are tem-porarily blocked, Palm ls fadng challengesby several new and improved Windows CEdevices. Among them are the eDiary by FugaCorp. (hltp://www.fuga.corn), the Helio byVTech Information (hltpJ/www,vlachlnfo.corn/),and the OSPro by Oregon Scientific(hllp J/www.oragonsciantific.corn/).

Representatives of these new productsdedined to comment on the lawsuits filed byPalm. Fuga did say, however, that its unl(luepatented software is substantially different

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A selection ofKM players

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Managing customer relationsthrough your computer .......73Ramping up to Windows 2000Server and Terminal Services... 82Baan Company

http: //www.baan.cornAlong with SAP, Baan is one of the prin-dpal suppliers of business-process soft-ware solutions to major corporations.Company slogan: This is simply betterbusiness.

Cha'ngepolnt Corphttp//www.changep oint.cornThis Canadian firm is a pioneer in thedevelopment of professional servicesautomation (PSA) for the computerindustry. PSA software handles functionssuch as customer relationship manage-ment (CRM), project management, andtime and expense tracking. As such, itcan be a key tool in both maintaininggood customer relations and visualizingand optimizing the effidency of compa-ny activities.

IBMhttp J/www.ibm.cornIBM has embraced the Internet with avengeance, moving its focus from dosed,proprietary mainframe-and-terminalsolutions to compatibility with the newworld of Java, open source Linux, theWeb browser user interface, and trueInternet-enabled interoperability frommainframes to handheld computers.

Under its "e-business" uinbrella,knowledge management is a major partof all IBM's integrated solutions. IBMitself has embraced the culture of contin-ual learningand creative collaboration.After its decline in the face of competi-tion from other PC makers and client-server computing in the early '90s, IBMacquired Lotus, mainly to own LotusNotes messaging and collaboration tech-nology. Notes has become a strategiccomponent of many small, mid-size andlarge organizations' knowledge-manage-ment systems.

IBM and its third-party developersand business partners can either partici-pate in or directly supply virtually anyhnd of knowledge-management system.

Lotus Development Corp.http: //www.lotus.cornOriginally focused on its 1-2-3 spread-sheet product, Lotus eventually realizedthat Microsoft could not be beaten as themarket leader in PC business softwaresuites, and that the Notes messaging andcollaboration technology had hugepotential for success in the new world ofdient-server and Internet computing.

After being acquired by IBM, Lotushas concentrated on adding more collab-orative, project management and busi-ness process (induding e-commerce) fea-tures to notes. Lotus has also led theenterprise networking market in includ-ing elements of America Online's instantmessaging (IM) technology in Notes,with its latest version of SameTime soft-ware. When fully implemented, this lat-est version of SameTime will allow formuch easier, more flexible and produc-tive virtual meetings, learningand pro-ject organization.

By Jeff Evans

TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS FOR BUSINESS IN CANAOA

nowledge Management (KM)is the key to organizing ancean of electronic data and

employees' diverse activities intoan efficient, successful operation.It's also key to encouraging effec-tive collaboration among mem-bers of an enterprise. In the lastcouple of years, the Internet hasbrought KM tools of varying costand completeness within the reachof organization of every size, at thesame time that networking technologyhas transformed how all kinds of busi-nesses operate.

In an age when information is king,knowing how to create and use knowledgeassets effectively spells the difference between suc-cess and failure.

Intellectual capitalAn intelligently run modem organization will use its constantlychanging electronic archives and databases of knowledge as part ofthe dedsion makiing toolkit to deal with change successfully. It mustalso leam to value and maximize the potential benefits of the cre-ative, living thoughts of its employees, customers and associates. If itwants to grow and continue to serve not only its internal needs, butthe demands of a rapidly changing world, any organization has torealize that its future depends on fostering a

capital" wisely.Computer technology p rofoundl'y jg fp Seg dp

Ppr compute

rom trains ott into o w e e mana ement

5'

Trainspotting is not enoughTrainspotting, or to be a trainspotter, is to be obsessed with theanivals or departures of trains. A trainspotter will sit for hours watch-ing the trains come and go, laboriously developing a handwrittentrain schedule, when he or she could simply walk over to the localstation and pick one up. It is a metaphor for unproductive use of timespent collecting and organizing information.

One of the most common errors in KM is the assumption that justsaving data is enough. Corporations convert old documents into dig-

ital form, and capture new customergS tp bpj] the information electronically, and then let it

wn tp usefulform, we have tp tellthem what we wmt

sit in data warehouses, unused. This is

It isn't a new problem. By some esti-mates, less than five percent of paperworkis ever looked at again by a human beingafter it is filed away. Electronic files offerthe potential to be searched and analyzedmuch more cheaply and quickly than

paper records, but the question still remains: for what purpose?

The College of Knowledge ecologyThe key to any knowledge-management strategy is to relate a con-stantly changing resource of collected data and human thought tothe mission-critical objectives of an organization:

are intended to allow information andintellectual capital to be applied to"best practices": the most effectiveway of doing business.

Many of the inventions under-lying the progress of civilizationwere forms of knowledge-manage-ment technology, even if theyweren't called that at the t ime.Writing, mapmaking, the sdentificmethod, trained bureaucracies,

public education, standards ofweights and measures, libraries,

moveable type and the printing presshave all been critical parts of the histo-ry of human knowledge management.

These technologies from simpler times did-n't necessarily make us wiser, but they did

make us "smarter" in our ability to organize larg-er scale societies and economies.

changes the ability of organizations to man-age knowledge, but it requires conscious anddetermined leadership to use new technologyfor the best long-term success.

The things that maJre us smartAs the technical ability to digitally collect, store, organize and retrieveinformation improves, there remains one underlying question: "Whatdo we want to do with all this stuff?" There's simply too much hap-pening for one human mind to comprehend. For computers to boilthe info sea down to useful form, we have to tell them what we want.

A knowledge-management methodology has to be developed tohandle and use the info load. All knowledge-management systemsContinued on page 66

OCTOBER 1999

Continued on page 64

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From tralnspottlng to managementContinued from page 63

• The CIA needs to sift through its databas-es of satellite photos, telecom interceptsand agents' reports, then make a bestguess about what foreign governments orterror groups are planning to do.

• A t rucking company combines globalpositioning system (GPS) data from itstrucks with its database of waybills, and

s t e i l l o o ' t t

• • • •

• •

• • •

• •

4>~~

• •

computes the most effident ways todeliver goods on time and keep its trucksfilled with payloads.

• A bank collects dossiers on its millions ofcustomers, and has its computers guesswhen it's most likely to be productive tosend individualized marketing informa-tion to them, to get them to sign up forcredit cards, invest in bonds, or renewmortgages.

• A brokerage firm uses networked databas-

• I • •

• •

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• I

es to analyze market activity and trends,and its traders make bets worth billionson how the market will move.

• Junk-mail companies buy and sell elec-tronic "sucker lists" to rope in new busi-ness, and constantly monitor the effec-tiveness of their pitches to increase pro-ductivity.

• Canada's Ministry of Justice convertsprinted Canadian statutes and case lawinto digital form, makes the resulting

• •

users.

database searchable online by thousandsof judges, and enables network-based col-laboration between members of theSupreme Court.

• The Canadian Parliament passes legisla-tion to let federal political parties havespedal access to confidential Canadianelectronic census data, to more effident-ly manipulate voters' opinions (see "junkmail," above).

• A home-based business selling maplesyrup products over the Internet main-tains a Web site, develops an email list ofits customers, and uses off-the-shelfWindows or Mac software to automate itscontact management, phone messaging,faxing, invoicing, payments receivableand collectable, payroll, taxes and book-keeping on a PC.

To an ever increasing degree, having aneffective knowledge-management system inplace is a condition of survival.

The knowledge-management processThe ultimate goal of knowledge manage-ment is to combine living human beings'experience and creativity with all the otherrelevant knowledge available, to help anorganization make the best decisions andoperate according to best practices.

Successful knowledge managementrequires all the components of a completesolution to be in place, in order for it towork. A partial system either won't work atall, or will give poor quality results. Thebuilding blocks of a knowledge-managementsystem are:1. A knowledge-management plan, which

indudes a business case for knowledgemanagement and criteria for measunngits benefits in the organization.

2. Leadership and support for the KM strat-egy from managers and informed andwilling participation by employees.

3. The integration of various building blocktechnologies into a viable KM system,which in current practice is based oncomputer database, networking and serv-er technologies, MissionMtical informa-tion has to be captured quickly, cheaplyand accurately into digital form, safelystored and backed up, organized intosearchable databases, and made accessi-ble for analysis and action by authorized

4. Automated production, sales, reporting,collaboration and/or decision supportcapability. Typically, specialized softwareis required to allow people to collaborateand share information, and to continual-ly analyze the information from databas-es, the internet, or a data warehouse. Thesystem should allow for the automationof mission critical processes (such asorder entry, dispatching, invoicing, andelectronic payment), as well as continual-ly update reports on operations. At theenterprise level, enteiprise resource plan-ning (ERP) systems are employed by over70 percent of Fortune 1090 companies (alist of most profitable firms, compiled bythis U.S. magazine) to improve effidencyof planning, supervising and conductingoperations.

5. A plan and procedures to allow the orga-nization's kno wledge-managementprocesses to grow and'improve over time.KM systems have to allow for learning

Continued on page 66• •

OCTOBER 1999 THE COMPUTER PAPER CREATER TORONTO EDITION www.tc .caTECH ENTERPRISE

From trainspotting to managementContimied from page 64

and criticism, to accommodate dynamicchange and evolution of the business,migration to new technologies, changesin personnel, new suppliers and cus-tomers, changes in product lines, andnew policies, products and business mod-els. In particular, the Internet is offeringthe means for knowledge management tobecome much cheaper, simpler and morewidely available to smaller organizations.

How to implement a KM planDepending on the size and complexity of yourorganization, you may already have an in-house information technology (IT) depart-

so, dopmg By gp~q qgtHggtqg A fairly basic soft-

close coo peration fpgg thgQ QVp f)qKpQt a m ajor ERP vendor,agers, IT staff, and all O f pBpCIWOfk WRS OVATE can e asily start a t

ments. An outside con- ]pokqd gt agajg b~ are designed to allow

provider will likely be h h ' ft ed planning and con-required to assist with g trol of manufacturing,Planntnà and i n i t ial it WaS filed aWaar distribution, market-implementation. Y ing, a n d other busi-

Traditionally, Iaige ness operations. Aorganizations have been the focus of most for- complete implementation generally takes amal knowledge-management activity. A large couple. of years to finish. And the $250,000organization typically has a lot more informa- f i gure quoted is just for the software. Thetiontodealwith,andmuchmoreinternaland f u l l pr ice tag, including networking, hard-external cbllaboration to organize. ware and related costs, is typically about

KM strategy will involve ware installation from

between senior man- such as JD Edwards,

other major d epart- $250,000. ERP systems

sultant or KM solution J extre mely sophisticat-

ten times as much before the system is upand running.

In spite of the cost, the ERP software mar-ket amounts to about $5 billion by someestimates — and total re lated costs forERP/knowledge-management investmentsmay run as high as $50 billion. Major firmsactive in developing software for ERP solu-tions, such as SAP, PeopleSoft, Bean, Oracleand IBM, will either be able to recommendauthorized ERP or knowledge-managementpartners or consultants, or can provide con-sulting services themselves. Maintaining theknowledge-management program will thenentail either hiring and training in-houseknowledge-management staff, and/or con-tinuing to use outside consultants.

Continued on page 70

A selection of KM playersContinued from page 69

Microsofthttp: //www.microsoft.cornMicrosoft appears intent on doing everythingfor everybody in the knowledge-manage-ment field: the question is, will it be able todo it well, and on the first try? Although itclaims, somewhat justifiably, to be veryinventive, Microsoft is also expert at adaptingpre-existing technologies (such as a Webbrowser) to its proprietary operating systemand integrating it closely with its large fami-ly of server and PC software.

"Inspired" by America Online's IM soft-ware, which allows for easy real-time conver-sation and collaboration on the Internet,Microsoft developers created their own ver-

sion of IM software, and offered it as a poten-tial standard to the Internet standards com-mittee tasked with developing an open stan-dard for instant messaging.

Open Texthttp: //www.opentext.cornCanada's Open Text Corp. provides a range ofsoftware and consulting and support servicesto enable organizations to operate "collabo-rative knowledge management across theorganization."

Oraclehttp: //www.oracle.cornThe major database software vendor, Oracle isin a fierce fight with Microsoft to provide theengines that index, store, and make knowl-edge available over networks and the Internet.

In general, Oracle's database solutions areoften reputed to be better, while Microsoft'sare cheaper. Oracle founder and chief execu-tive officer Larry Ellison is a major proponentof pervasive "network computing."

SAPhttp: //www.sap.cornOne of the premiere ERP/knowledge-manage-ment solution vendors, provides high-endmanagement and communication software forclients such as Mercedes-Benz and other Fortime1000 customers (a list of most-profitable firms,compiled by this U,S. magazine). Moving withthe times, SAP claims to have embraced Linuxas an option in its product mix.

Sun Mlcrosystemshttp: //www.sun.corn

A maker of UNIX servers and workstationsthat power much of the financial, scientific,engineering and Internet service providerindustries, Sun and its third-party developershave promoted Internet standards and Javafor providing powerful, collaborative work-ing environments for organizations.

Tivolihttp //www tivoli cornAnother IT management software companyacquired by IBM, Tivoli offers software andservices that help manage the life cycle ofknowledge assets as they grow and increasein complexity, allow secure deployment ofvital business information, and improve theperformance of existing enterprise resourceplanning (ERP) investments.

— Je/f Evans

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practices and competitiveness.• The Internet, which has at last provided a

cheap, truly standards-based platform forglobal collaboration, f. commerce andmessaging, and allows more players toafford the price of entry to a professionalknowledge management and ERP system.

Small beat smartFor a very small company with limited bud-get, there's typically less internal informa-

Nhffll2120-dan nlzfttt Iziihe, ZSSt .. 3 89PL%.annizn Qkhe) ............ a laNttfleaegamrlzee- ann 1200rtfd .... 969f lhtan S YSSaetnfbn~.... . .. . OthOnn-Ssaa lege n 2eae en/ gppaaaay ... 8P9$

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nesses.

tion and fewer human relationships to man-age, potentially permitting a simpler andcheaper information system to yield goodresults. Smart use of PC-based client/servercomputer tools to maximize knowledge ofyour market, customers, sales, cash flow andfuture plans and activities can be a good

A do-it-yourself entry into knowledgemanagement for a s mal l businesswill

• Personal research on knowledge manage-ment and development of a plan.Use of Internet technologies, an off-the-shelf, standard business PC, and serversoftware and hardware with some cus-tomization as required. Creative use ofInternet resources (such as listed below),regular study of knowledge-managementpublications, and attendance at KMindustry events and training (see the listof contacts and events, below) are theprice for becomirlg KM-ready.

Entry-level KM tools for a small officeapproximate, on a smaller scale and at lesscomplexity many of the elements of anERP/knowledge-management s o lution,Software options include the fo l lowingexamples, by category:• Wi ndows or Mac database software, cus-

tomized to the organization's needs:Microsoft Access or FileMaker Pro.Server software: Microsoft Small BusinessServer, Microsoft Back Office, or Linuxserver software.

• Project p lanning software: MicrosoftProject.Email software: Microsoft Out look,Netscape Communicator, Eudora.Accounting software: AccPac for moresubstantial small businesses, Intuit's lineof finance software for very small busi-

Internet search software: see below,• De sktop PC office application suite: typi-

cally Microsoft Off i ce (which hasbecome the standard), but also CorelPerfectOffice ahd Lotus Smart Suite.

• Sales force automation (SFA)/contactmanagement (CM) applications:Symantec ACT!, Maximizer or GoldMine(CM packages), and phone/fax software.

The peer man's (and woman' s)KRfl system: Internet searchThe Internet is quickly evolving into theglobal shopping mall, library, school, townsquare and theme park The Internet shouldnot be regarded as simply a possibly difficult,possibly marginal extra market.

Because Internet technology is the clos-est thing to a universally accepted globalinformation medium yet invented, it is veryplastic: it can be molded into almost anyform, for any purpose. For many workers,ranging from employees of large organiza-tions to operators of small businesses, self-employed professionals or students, an offi-cial knowledge-management solution maybe either too expensive to be practical or toospecialized to be useful for some tasks. TheInternet is potentially a h i ghly usefulknowledge-management resource for cer-tain purposes, particularly those thatinvolve searching for information on new orunanticipated topics.

The Internet can be very effective forlocating new potential suppliers or cus-tomers, or making contact with individuals

a

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ConclusionKnowledge management is a concept thatcan help i l luminate the most importantchallenge and opportunity to organizationsin the globalized economy, that of constant-ly learning, communicating and changingto stay effective and successful. A knowl-edge-management strategy is useful even pothe smallest business, if only because Itfocuses management's attention on theworth of the people who work for the orga-nization. and the importance of their indi-vidual and collective creativity to achievingthe objectives of the company.

Over the next few years, all Internet-based business solutions will include pow-erful process management, commerce, col-laboration and planning capabilities asbuilt in features. This cheap, powerful intel-lectual capital may be the engine that helpskeep the world economy and culture pro-gressing through the upheavals of the nextcentury. 0

Resources and contacts:American Pioductivgy and Quality Centre (APGC):httpitwww.apqc.cornBlzTech Network (most comprehensive, useful freeresource on KM): http: //www.brint.cornChangepoint Corp.: http Jtwww.changepoint.cornDaveCentral (Web surfing and search software site):httpi/www.davecentral.corn/websurf.cornKnowledge Management Consortium International:http Jtwww.kmci.org/km mall.htmOpenTezt Corp.: hltp://www.opentext.cornWarwick Unlversfly, Business Process ResourceCentre (BPRC): htlpi/bprc.warwick.ac.ukt,httpi/bprc.warwick.ac.uk/Kmweb.htmlifSEC1

Events and conferencesBrint calendar (comprehansive, up-to-data calendarof major KM-related events):httpi/www.brint.corn/calendar/cal/calendar.cgiEnterprise Intelligence World Summit,. Oec. 6-8, 1999, Wyndham Palace Resort and Spa,Orlando, Fla., htlpi/www.icdevents.corn/Events/Enterprise Intelligence. html

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want to find out who

ness units. These implementationsorganizations with anywhere fro1,000 users, according to Galla.

"The whole idea behind CRM icosts a lot less tomaintain a customerthan it does to get anew customer," says { RMGalla. "Once youhave a customer, you ]Pt ]eare your most prof- CUfytpwant to find out as to getitable customers. You

much as possibleabout your c u s-tomers."

Pivotal's CRM applications are taithe needs of different users or groupan organization. "For example," sa"in customer support, you have 'tracking, a knowledge base, and resolutionmanagement." Incidents may include cus-tomer complaints or service-related con-cerns. A knowledge base comprises the valu-able company information used to assistwith customers, while resolution manage-ment may include the process by whichcomplaints are addressed and resolved.

In contrast, Galla describes a sales appli-cation as having opportunity management(sales leads), forecasting management(potential future sales or new clients), con-tact management and mobile capabilities,allowing the user to take it on the road. "TheCRM application remains completely inte-grated," says Galla, "but each department oreach employee has a customized version of

are for the application that is suited specifically form 25 to th eir needs."

s that it "employee-facing." When they are com-bined with functions

(generating and track-i$ thclf It ('Pgtg Q ing sales leads, for

p' fo IIIgj~+ j I I Q tomers (self-support

IIIeI their> it doe$ tracking, for example)

a new customer— luge gaga, piretaigoltppare the Web, Phone, fax

and mail customerslored to are brought together and offered the sames within level of service, truly profitable relationships

ys Galla, with customers and clients can be estab-mcident l ish ed.

hOle idea behind directed at partner~

Monitor. Pnnter. Scanner. Yideo Camera. NetworitOn Site Serfrice AfraiiaNe, Please Call I'or Details

Custopner-centricityAccording to Wfiliam Tatham, president andchief executive of Janna Systems Inc.(http: //www.janna.corn), another award-winningCanadian CRM software company, achievingsuch a pfofitable relationship requires a "cus-tomerwentric computing paradigm," which isa fancy way of saying that the customer, notthe software, should be the focus of the CRMapplication. This approach has helped JannaSystems double in size in each of the last fiveyears as it builds its reputation in the globalCRM marketplace.

Janna's reputation, as well as most of itsrevenues, is derived from Janna Contact

Continued on page SO

Galla refers to these CRM functions as

example) and cus-

for incident status

the full value of CRM

believes that when

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base.

Managing customer relationsContinued from page 74

Enterprise, its flagship product for large cor-porations; however, the paradigm holds truefor Janna Contact Professional and JannaContact Personal, the company's small andhome office (SOHO) products, Professional ismulti-user capable and suitable for up to 30users sharing one set of contacts or a data-base. Personal is Janna's single-user CRMproduct.

Tatham believes that, "If you deal withpeople, as a sales person, a service person orpeople-oriented professional of any sort,then everything you do on your computer islikely to be for, from, or about someone."

With that in mind, Janna Systems tookthe approach that storing customer informa-tion with the "someone" in mind seemed anatural solution. However, it is rarely thatsimple with existing relationship software.Many packages limit a person's "look-up"options, forcing them to know certain cru-cial details about clients, such as their lastname, address, company — most of the infor-mation considered essential.

Janna's CRM product provides users withmore options to f ind the r ight contact,including first name, last name, "soundslike," company name, account number, pol-icy number, licence plate number, or virtual-ly any other piece of information that thecompany keeps about customers in its data-

And customer information isn't limitedto sales letters. Tatham points out that CRMsoftware also allows users to store faxes,email messages, spreadsheets, presentations,voice notes, Web sites, digital pictures andfull-motion video clips with the customercontact information. "So anything you cancreate with your computer, you can store inour database and it will allow you to viewand edit those documents directly," accord-ing to Tatham.

Sound easy? Tatham believes using CRMapplications is easy when the customer is thecentre of the computing environment, andeverything is arranged around that contact."Forget about f i lenames, sub-directories,what did I call it, where did I store it," he

now."

User caseMichael Johnson, senior applications spe-cialist for Ontario Store Fixtures (OSF), hasbeen a Pivotal client since November 1997.He has witnessed the roller coaster ride of thefledgling CRM industry and has shared in itsgrowing pains. Based in Toronto, OSF isNorth America's largest manufacturer of cus-tom store fixtures, and back in the fall of1997, it was looking for a way to manageopportunities and activities for its 12-personbusiness development force, which was scat-tered across the United States. With Pivotal'sassistance, they had a slightly customizedsystem in place within three weeks.

"That's one of the real benefits," saysJohnson. "It's a RAD [rapid applicationdevelopment] tool for client server applica-tions. When I was doing the initial analysis,

says, "We like to say 'searching, that's some-thing you do when you have lost some-thing.' When I am looking at a customer' srecord, with one button, I can create a per-sonalized letter, with one more button, I canfax or email it." This ease of use, Tatham isquick to observe, is a big feature at any scale.

While Galla shares the view that small-and medium-sized enterprises have the samecustomer relationship needs as large corpora-tions, they do have specific constraints.Galla identifies budget and IT resources astwo hurdles, but also she points to thegrowth rates of smaller businesses. Oftenthese operations are changing much morequickly than their larger counterparts andthey need software that is very flexible,

"They need an application that they canget up and running," says Galla. "They don' thave a year to wait. They need something

Galls also finds that in mid-sized enter-prises, the departments, such as sales, mar-keting, and finance, work more closelytogether than in a large corporation, so anintegrated CRM solution for a business ofthis size makes a lot of sense and is often eas-ier to get up and running than in a largecompany.

But getting up and running brings up theinevitable questions of price, training, easeof use and the ultimate benefits of CRM.

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THE COMPUTER PAPER GREATER TORONTO EDITION www.tc .ca OCTOBER 1999 TECH ENTERPRISE gpsswe were looking for a sales force automation[SFA] product because CRM was still primari-ly vaporware at that time. There was nobodyreally doing it."

Johnson feels a CRM solution will meet75 percent of most organizations' needs rightout of the box, yet he adds that, "Its power isits ability to quickly adapt to change anddeploy more custom solutions."

CRM software quickly presented OSFwith a solution for its front office initiativesand is currently being used by 36 employeesto manage relationships with approximately

mentation.

200 customers.

Cost issuesWhat kind of investment can a businessexpect? Pivotal's Relationship 99/SQL 7.0application costs about $2„500 (based onUS$1,700) per user. Galla acknowledges thatan investment in training is also required butthat Pivotal offers a number of options forimplementation. Companies can work withlocai value-added resellers or larger systemsintegrators, or they can send an employee ona training course and try an in-house imple-

Pivotal prides itself on the ease and speedwith which its product can be customized,maintained and operated. "We try to developour application with that in mind," saysGalla, "but people are going to have to makean investment in this application to make it

Janna Systems' SOHO applications areeasier on tight budgets and provide a rela-tively cost-effective entry into the realm ofCRM. Janna Contact Professional sells for

outset."

$249, while the single user Janna ContactPersonal costs $69, when it is not beingoffered free for promotional purposes (checkthe company's Web site for any freebies).

Capitalizing on the technology-mindedentrepreneur's familiarity with Windows-based products, Janna's CRM applications arecertified Microsoft Office compatible, "If youcan learn Wafti to wr ite a letter," saysTatham, "you can iearn to use Janna Contactto manage a relationship. That really speedsthe adoption curve and lowers training coststo have that degree of user familiarity at the

Johnson discovered less obvious issuesrelated to OSF's investment in CRM software.The company's users were already engaged inlearning new technology when they wereconfronted with the CRM software. Two largeoperational changes proved overwhelming tothe employees."It became the battle of thedesktops," says Johnson, "and the effects arestill being felt. As a result, the full potential ofthe CRM application has yet to be realized."He advocates thorough training and supportat all levels within the organization, and sug-gests a phase approach or pilot projects asoptions to introduce such massive change tothe way business is conducted.

Johnson is quick to point out that successwith CRM extends beyond the software andits features. He believes that CRM applica-tions will work if an organization is ready toembrace them. The commitment level fromexecutives will also impact whether a com-pany's CRM software implementation is suc-cessful. Clearly, it is more than a monetaryinvestment, and one that any business or

Galla.

organization must examine from all anglesbefore it proceeds.

CRIM's prospectsWhat does the future hold for CRM applica-tions and the companies that offer them?Julie Galla believes the focus of CRM vendorswill be on the mid-sized company, due to thelarge number of potential clients in that mar-ket. Expanding the functionality of theInternet-based products will also be crucial.Galla predicts that there will be further con-solidation of the CRM vendors, particularlyamong the Internet-only vendors, which shebelieves don't provide any of the back-end oremployee-facing applications. "That's reallyonly solving one half of the problem," says

Johnson points to Internet-based archi-tecture as crucial. CRM developers will haveto re-invent how their program or applica-tion is presented. "You want to create theleast confusion possible at the desktop and

customers. 0

Curtis Cook and Mlchelle Cook can be reached at613-247-7007 or ccook@go-global.net.

just seamlessly integrate it into an existingline of business applications," says Johnson.

Tatham identifies ease of use as a criticaltrend to watch in the CRM market. He alsolooks to the Internet„and believes a Web-based solution that gives the user read/writeaccess to the same database used in non-Webapplications is critical. He plans to keepJanna Systems competitive in the CRM mar-ketplace by building on existing remoteproducts as well as pursuing more sophisti-cated integration with e-commerce, Web anddata-mining capabilities.

"AMR Research in the States predicts themarket is growing 58 percent per year andwill top US$11.5 billion by the year 2002,"says Tatham.

In a market that lucrative, you need allthe help you can get attracting and keeping

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day-to-day work I' ve stayed with WindowsNT 4.0 Workstation. Since it now looks asthough Windows 2000 will be released laterthis year, I' ve started to make the transition.Pm running Windows 2000 Professional andWindows 2000 Server on one computereach, and getting good results. On my hard-ware, which I always choose carefully forcompatibility, both versions of Windows2000 have been stable since Beta 3. I'm cur-rently running RC1 (Release Candidate 1).

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eral, I wasn't able to connect a computerrunning Windows 2000 Professional to myLAN without some head scratching. In itseffort to make Windows 2000 more accessi-ble to the mainstream user, Microsoft hassucceeded in making some things more diff-icul for experienced users. Technical config-uration options that are dose to the surfacein Windows NT 4.0 are several layers furtherdown the menu system in Windows 2000.

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Internet these days, security has become avital issue for everyone. This month we' lllook at some of the more sophisticated secu-rity measures.

Let's begin with the most fundamentalmeasure you can take: backup. Let's say yoursystem is patched, updated, configured toyour needs, and humming along smoothly.Suppose you have a disaster? Your hard diskcrashes irreparably, or your system is com-promised by a successful crack. If you have torebuild it from scratch will you remember allthose spedal tweaks you made? Not likely.

For this reason, a good base backup ranksas your critical last resort before rebuilding

The best thne to make this backup iswhen you know your system is clean, beforeit has been left unattended on the Internet.If you have a CD-R drive, you can simplycopy your base system onto a disc. Otherwisea tape backup will do. Put this master back-up aside, and, if possible, off site. If the back-up is for your home machine, keep this discor tape at work or at someone else's home asan extra precaution.

If you' re using an RPM-based Linux sys-tem, two very important files to back up ona regular basis are hrar/lib/rpm/lileiedex.rpm and/var/lib/rpm/packages.rpm. You can restorethese files to run tiie command rpm -Va to

' verify your RPM packages if you think yoursystem might be compromised. These filesare too large to fit onto floppy disks, but willfit riicely on a Zip cartridge.

The next most important thing afterbackups are updates. You should apply allthe recommended updates for your Linuxdistribution. Get on your distro's announce-ment and/or security alert mailing list andwatch updates like a hawk. Sadly, the major-ity of successful security break-ins happen onsystems with outwf-date programs for whichsecurity fixes were readily available.

Inspecting your logsWhenever your Linux system is attached tothe Internet it is vulnerable to attack. Ifyou' re permanently connected to the Net viaDSL or cable modem, your vulnerabilityincreases dramatically.

Most crackers attack by probing knownvulnerabilities, hence the need to keep yoursystem up to date with security fixes. Unlessthe intruders are successful on a firstattempt, however, they often leave foot-prints. Traces of their work show up in yoursystem logs, in the /Var/Ieg directory. Withdiligence you can inspect various logfiles forsuspidous activity.

The problem is that most of us get toobusy to stay diligent about manually inspect-ing files or "greping" gooking for a string ofcharacters) for suspidous patterns.

To automate the inspection process,obtain the latest release of Psionic Logcheck(http: //www.pslonlc.corn/abacus/), a programdesigned to scan log files for unusual activityand send email alerts to root. Logcheck canbe set to run daily or hourly.

By invitation onlyOne of the readily available security mea--

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THE COMPUTER PAPER GREATER TORONTO EDITION www.tc .ca OCTOBER 1999 SOFTWARE ggg

Personal Computer and Nefworkingsures you can utilize is tcp wrappers, whichis included with all Linux distros. This pro-gram controls service access via two files-/etc/heels.deny and /etc/liosls.eHow — and logsall activity. You can edit these files to set abase level of access rights to things such aswho is authorized to telnet into your system.To read up on these, type mee hOStS. allOW andmen lteele.lleey.

Excellent companion products to PsionicLogcheck are Psionic PortSentry andHostSentry. PortSentry, which was knownsimply as sentry in its previous incarnation,will actually try to block intruder activity inreal time, HostSentry looks for suspiciouslooking patterns in the form of logins andother user account activity and emailsreports to root.

I have personally been astonished, afterinstalling these programs, at the number oftimes my systems have been probed. There ismore unauthorized activity going on on theNet than you might think, Programs likethese help alert you to crack attempts.

TrllhwlreAnother recommended security program istripwire (http: //www.visualcomputing.corn), Itkeeps a checksum of all the files on your sys-tem and can alert you about any files thathave been tampered with. Slipping in aTrojan Horse, a modified version of an exist-ing program, is a favorite ploy of crackers.The tripwire database is frequently kept ona write-protected floppy disk so a crackercan't erase it or alter it. Unfortunately thelatest tripwire does not work with some ofthe latest Linux distros due to changes in

system libraries, Watch the tripwire Web sitefor updates.

Lochlndy the doorsOnce an intruder gains access to your rootaccount, it's game over. Hence the need toprotect all passwords. If an intruder can geteven one password, he or she can stickaround and try to plant things in your sys-tem, often without your knowledge,

If your system has several users, you maywant to enforce good passwords. You candownload Crack, the same program used bycrackers to break passwords, and use it to testthe passwords on your system to ensurethey' re not e asily b roken. Checkhttpi%ufus.w3.0rg/ or the ftp contrib directoryfor your Linux distro for a copy.

The problem with passwords is that theycan easily be "sniffed" (with the right kind ofeasily obtainable software, an intruder cansiinply eavesdrop on the packets comingfrom your system, waiting to catch yourplain-text passwords as they fly by), Cablemodem neighborhoods are one of the placescrackers like to hang out.

So, the irony is that you can batten downyour system with all the best security toolsand procedures, and some cracker can sim-ply lift your passwords right off the wire.Hence the desirability of encrtfpted sessions.

If you' re going to be regularly telnetingto another system, or telneting into yourhome system from the outside, arrange tohave ssh, or Secure Shell (hitp://www.ssh.fi),installed. Ssh creates an encrypted sessionthat, in most circumstances, protects pass-

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• • a•

OCTOBER 1999 THE COMPUTER PAPER GREATER TORONTO EDITION vvwAf.tc .caSOFTWARE .+-Security" to get a list of a number of help-ful pages.

One book I recommend highly for yourLinux library is Practical Unix Ity InternetSecurity, Second Edition, authored by Garfinkel

and Spafford, and published by O'Reilly(ISBN: 1-56592-148-8, $56.95). This well-written volume covers a broad range of secu-rity topics, with valuable tips on makingyour system more secure. 0

Gene Wilburn (njo@interlog.corn) is a Toronto-basedIT manager, musician and writer who operates aslnall farm of Linux servers. Back issues of thisseries are available on his Web site athttp J/www.interlog.corn/-njo/ or via TCP online.

words and other data from being sniffed offthe wires. It's a far safer way to communicateacross the Net.

Replacing the postmanOne of the most widely used programs on theInternet is sendmail, a reliable old war horse ofa mail transfer agent (MTA) that ships withmost versions of U n ix an d L i nux,Unfortunately, it has also been the source ofmany security breaches over the years. It hasbeen compromised, then fixed, compromised,then fixed, in what seems to be a never~dingcycle, though recent releases have had fewerproblems. If you are using sendmail keep up todate with the latest release.

Many security advisors recommendditching sendmail altogether. DebianGNU/Linux, for instance, ships with exim(htlp://www.exlrn.org), a newer MTA that, pre-sumably, is less liable to exploitation. It isalso easier to configure than sendmail.

Another widely used swap-in for send-mail is qmail (http://www.qmall.org), which ishighly regarded for its speed, ease of config-uration, and beefed-up security features,Have a look at it if you' re setting up a depart-mental mail server.

Further readingSecurity is a large topic and this artide onlyskirns the surface. An excellent starting pointis the Linux Security-HOWTO, which shouldbe installed on your system. If not, you canread it at http//www.linux-howto.org.

There are a number of good securitysites on the Net. Set your browser tohttp: //www.google.corn and enter "Linux

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THE COMPUTER PAPER GREATER TORONTO EDITION www.tc .ca OCTO8ER 1999 $OFTWARE g Q

o a orationis mart uite's

stren tLotus's office suite offers power, breadth of

features and strong integration. Of the "big three," itis the easiest to learn, but falls behind the competition

in reading and writing to external file formats. e — • •s • s •

IBy )acques Surveyer

n reviewing Corel WordPerfect Office2000 and Microsoft Office 2000 lastmonth (see "The new office suites" in the

September issue of TCP ), a n d nowSmartSuite Millennium Edition this month,one thing has become clear — convergence iscoming to the office suites, and it's not justin their names.

There has been an inevitable levelling offin the number of new features as the basicfunctionality of word processing, presenta-tion, spreadsheet and database applications

Lrktus SenartSuiteMlllenniuen Eeiltlekn 9.$From Lotus Development Corphttp: //www.lotus.corn/smaltsuitePdce: $600 ($225 estimated upgrade price)

stabilizes. Now most of the innovation inoffice suites revolves around integration andcollaboration.

Lotus trumpets ocollaborative internetfunctionality that leverages Notes Release S,updated file compatibility, integration with

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Lotus Domino and time-saving deploymentt echnology" i n its la t est e d i t ion o fSmartSuite. This new more collaborative andcompatible version of SmartSuite will be nosmall blessing.

I have always been a best-of-breed orient-'ed consumer. Thus Corel WordPerfect andParadox, Lotus Organizer and FreelanceGraphics, Microsoft Excel and Publisher havebeen and continue to be personal favorites.The problem is that exchanging files andinformation with users and collaborativeediting is a big part of my work. With theimpediments of incompatible filetypes andinconsistent functionality, being a best-of-breed user can be hazardous. So in thisreview I will lock at SmartSuite first for theequivalence of its core programs with otheroffice suite offerings, then for compatibility,and finally for its collaborative and Web-based features.EquivalenceI admit it, I am a Lotus AmiPro devotee whoswitched to a toggle state — sometimes I useMicrosoft Word but most of the time it isCorel WordPerfect. Three endearing featuresof WordPro (nee AmiPro) still shine slightlybrighter than the competition.

First, WordPro pioneered the use offrames for setting blocks of text or imagesthat could remain static or flow with thetext. Second, the outlining capabilities inWordPro always seemed natural to use andfit right into the text stream. And third, therewere things you could do with tables andframes that Web developers are just catchingonto in the placement-strapped world of

that can't be resized from itsmatchbox d imensions, astrange set of hint lines whenediting a table, and the low-est rating {when comParing ;a;::""~ :u~<,'„;,~~~ . .

it to Word and WordPerfect) nat canasta sanin terms of compatibilitywith and conversion fromdifferent formats. Perhapsthe most pernicious problemis the wince factor. Whiledoing complicated frame andtable ed i ts , Wor d Probombed three times, com- Team review in Freelance Grnpiilcs

sigh~a "+n'""'' - '"'"=.""''"'r':: "::".~~'- ~8~ar ' .:® Apitt tI;.~s ::IRNSSNNI IRISsf ~ G ~- t.- ::(iW~~ Q~

To these strengths of WordPro, Lotus has pared to one time each for WordPerfect and text-sensitive toolbar and right-mouse clickadded the very handy tabbed-properties dia- Word. Despite these problems, WordPro's menus. We also found WordPro's matrixlogue. It is somewhat like theproperty tool- ease ofuse, smooth team-edit functions and multiply„regression and back-solver func-bar in WordPerfect. It changes centext with n ew voice dictation earn it a nine out of 10, tions simpler to operate than such spread-the particular type of editing you are cur- sheet functions in competing suites. In addi-rently doing — text, frame, table, or graphic, lo t u s 1-2-) tion, 1-2-3 uses OLE to bring Approach data-WordPro has the added benefit of both a It i s hard.to believe, but Lotus 1-2-3, the base functienality right into 1-2-3. Thiscontext-sensitive toolbar and the tabbed- granddaddy of PC spreadsheets, can't match means you learn query or report formattingproperty dialogue. For example, the property Corel's Quattro Pro for the number of formu- operations once and they apply to both 1-2-dialogue for normal text editing allows you las and their ease of use. Likewise 1-2-3 can't 3 and Approach. Like WordPro andto control all font, indentation, alignment, m a tch Microsoft Excel's sheet formatting Approach, 1-2-3 uses LotusScript as its unify-bullets, lines and bordering, tabs and breaks, and special features for optimization and ing macro capabihty, which it shares withplus text styles. Everything you need to con- pivot tables. Notes and other members of the suite.trol text is tightly packed in the text-proper- But 1 -2-3 does have its strengths, one ef Finally, we found the ViaVoice speech-ty dialogue (or, if you are editing a frame, in which is an ease of use similar to e nabled operation to be a real time saver inthe frame-property dialogue, etc,). Add to WordPro's — tabbed property dialogues, con- semeoperationsinwhichsettingupa macrothis the context-sensitive would be too inconvenient.right-mauSe CliCk and tOO1- rt. te,isa nse= ae.::;:,::,---„",;,:.::";::..',;,";.,".";:,:;.~;-:.;;:;::,:: .:,Il:.-'.:~-,;,,-..„-:.,;:,:,-::,.-

, , :, - .„ " : : : , ; : :; -,; . ; :; : ::, : ;: :; : '„;:.,;,::"- EaS e Of Operatian Of 1-2-3

one very e f f icient wor d . ~~eg"'"-

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. . . . . , . . ..5@""';, both somewhat more power-

However, on the down- : : : , ; - " , .s " " IVtr~ t ". ;; ; . :

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- -'::,'::::i::,,'',,,",:,-,,-'":,--,:,,:,',::::::::.:-'-,'::,:-:,::..'.::,:,::::::::-::,"::,:,:i r ApproachApproach is really not a data-base but a front-end develop-er for popular databases(Access, dBase, Paradox orany ODBC-accessible data-base). Approach was designedto make access to databasesmuch easier. So it is no sur-prise that there are wizardsand templatesfor both com-plete applications and indi-vidual databases in Approach.The wizards help the user lay

Continued on page %$HTlvK editors,

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Cogaboratlon ls SInartSulte's strengthContinued from page 92

out reports, create queries, and define formswith step-by-step hints on what the user'schoices will generate in terms of final output.In this manner, a completed application canbe set up very quickly.

But the downside to Approach is that theuser does not have the complete range ofdevelopment tools, particularly the program-ming and debugging capabilities of Access orParadox. Also for the sake of simplicity,Approach has almost hidden properties,events and a wealth of OCX controls nowavailable through COM automation. True,you can expose these but it is a tediousprocess.

However, the one advantage of Approachis that its queries, forms and reports are used

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throughout SmartSuite in WordPro, 1-2-3and Freelance. So, for database tables andoperations you learn only one set of opera-tions unlike Microsoft Office 2000 whereExcel, Access, and PowerPoint each havetheir own distinctive database operations.

Because its programming features areeither hard to get at or lacking, Approachgets a seven out of 10.

Freelance GraphicsIf there is a better example of a steady conver-gence to equivalent features, it would be hardto top the trend in presentation programsamong th e of f ice s u i tes. M c rosoft'sPowerPoint and Lotus Freelance Graphics haveexchanged the lead with such innovations assmart masters, slide sorters and outliners.

Then Corel Presentations got into thefray with animations, page-slide transitions,

and a v ery p o l ished PerfectExpert. And now Freelance hasadded some new wrinkles with itsown Guide Me and team reviewfeatures.

The word processing, spread-sheet and database programs ofthe big three office suites are alsohighly comparable in features,but nothing like the presentationprograms.

All of the programs supportroughly the same eight to 12 slidetypes, displaying them in singleslide, outline, and multiple slidesorter views. On the slides, youcan add text and bulleted points,charts (nearly the same 12 graph

types and 2D/3D plots), clipart (hundreds ofimages), graphics, or organizational chartsand tables. The slides can be moved anddeleted and amended with speakers' notesconveniently -in the slide sorter. Transitionsand special sound and animation effects canbe added to either the complete slide or indi-vidual objects like bullet points or charts.

But like Corel Presentations, Freelancemanages to stumble on the way to whatshould be an excellent rating. In Freelance'scase, it bombs on importing the latest Office2000 PowerPoint slides, mangles the format-ting of earlier PowerPoint versions and sim-ply does not read files in Corel Presentation'sSHW format. Hence we give Freelance aseven out of 10.

Other utilitiesLotus does not quite match the lock step ofCorel and Microsoft in terms of programs andutilities. SmartSuite lacks a desktop publishingutility and its Web development and smallbusiness features are not really close equiva-lents to the Corel and Microsoft offerings.

But SmartSuite, like Corel's suite, doesoffer voice/speech integration, which adds areal productivity boost for a growing numberof users, particularly notebook users who caneasily sequester themselves in some out-of-earshot room. As noted above, we found theconvenience of hands-free speech dictationand playback in 1-2-3 and WordPro very use-ful. But be forewarned, speech featuresrequire at least 32 MB of memory and a 200MHz Pentium processor, plus a good voice.(We have found the accuracy of speech

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• •

recognition to be reasonably high — oneerror in 25 words after training. But thiscan fluctuate by up to 20 percent depend-ing on a individual's voice).

Lotus SmartSuite does have three dis-tinctive utilities: ScreenCam, Organizerand Notes Client/RS. The latter we willcover in the section on collaboration andthe Web. ScreenCam has remained aunique fixture on the PC scene — a way torecord and now edit movies about how touse a program'in Windows. What is niceabout the latest version of ScreenCam isthat you can edit the soundtrack, splicetogether movies and record the wholething as a single, freely distributable EXEfile. ScreenCam certainly adds a distinctpresentation capability to SmartSuite.

Lotus OrgagglzerLikewise, Organizer has been the pioneer

in personal information managers withits unique calendar, day planner andnotebook "look and feel" pages. Added tothis are new connectivity features,including: Web l ink t o G O T ravelInformation System where bookings forflight, car rental and hotel reservationscan be made and recorded in Organizerfiles; Zip2 maps and directories, YellowPages and City Guides, which can like-wise be recorded; EasyClip; and EasySyncfor synchronizing PC Organizer files with

"those on a 3Com PalmPilot or otherhandheld computing device.

But the most useful feature ofOrganizer is that it offers more than adozen different views of calendars, tasks,notes and to-do lists. It has an equalnumber of printing options too. Finally,with refined import and export facilitiesover the Internet, using EasyClip and file

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transfers makes Organizer very handyindeed.

integration andcompatibilityAll the office suites have been trumpetingintegration features, but nowhere is thismore apparent than in SmartSuite. A com-mon set of thesaurus, spell checking, com-ment notes, team review, graphics, andcharting and database functionality runsthroughout the Lotus suite. In addition,the scrolling shortcuts, status bar, tabbed-property dialogues, right-mouse clickmenus, and context-sensitive toolbarsmake learning a SmartSuite applicationeasy and efficient.

Lotus also uses more cross-program ref-erencing as Organizer and Approach dataand/or screens and forms are shared acrossS martSuite applications and w i t h t h eNotes RS client. Lotus has a leg up on bothCoiel and Microsoft in providing not onlya common graphical user interface, butsimilar functionality across its suite withone exception. Lotus has chosen to staywith i ts Vis ua l Ba s ic-l ike cl o n e,LotusScript, rather than adopting VisualBasic for A pp l ications as Corel a ndMicrosoft have done. If Lotus ever movesSmartSuite to Linux this may be a blessingin disguise as Lotus would then have acommon scripting l anguage acrossWindows, OS/2 and Linux unlike Corel.

In cohtrast to the good news aboutintegration, the story on compatibility ofSmartSuite with other systems is decidedlymore mixed. O n t he po s i t ive s ide,Approach directly uses several databasefiletypes including Paradox and Access.Most of the members of the suite use thesame COM office automation that Coreland Microsoft do, making SmartSuite morecompatible with Borland's Delphi andC++Builder, Sybase's Power Builder orMicrosoft's Visual Foxpro and Visual Basic.

But despite the press release promisingbetter file compatibility, we found the coreof SmartSuite's ability to read and writefiles from other suite programs to be dis-couraging.

For example, WordPro had real prob-lems reading RTF an d H T M L fi l es.WordPro, 1-2-3, and Freelance Graphicshad the shortest list of other file types theycould read. L ike WordPro, FreelanceGraphics and 1-2-3, both had problemsreading common Corel and Microsoft file-types. The one saving grace: Lotus did pre-serve existing HTML fi les tagging muchbetter than Microsoft on rewrite. In gener-al, cross-suite file compatibility persists asa problem, especially for SmartSuite andunfortunately the move to HTML as acommon suite storage format appears tobe fraught w i th i n compatible use ofstylesheets, XML tags and coding.

Collaboration and the Web.Lotus has been the office suite pioneer interms of allowing for collaborative use ofits suite, sharing files for team review andshared work efforts. WordPro, 1-2-3 andFreelance have excellent features foradding notes/comments, applying revi-sions, and color coding these amend-ments, deletions and insertions. But I wastaken aback by the failure of WordPro and1-2-3 to warn me of potential file sharingviolations when I opened a file already inuse by another program. Both Corel and

• • •

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Microsoft programs warned of the problemand took effective action to block conflict-ing writes. As sharing work and files overlocal area networks and the I n ternetbecomes more prevalent, Lotus has a prob-lem to address.

In contrast, Lotus SmartSuite does anovel job of linking to the Web. All of thesuite programs have the ability to produceHTML files. And all of the programs pro-duce output with varying degrees of fideli-ty — Freelance Graphics at the highest,. andWordPro and 1-2-3 at the lowest. This is asimilar ranking to the Corel and Microsoftsuites. But i n c o n t rast to C orel andMicrosoft, which provide Web page cre-ation programs (Trellix and FrontPagerespectively), Lotus provides FastSite,which creates Web sites.

FastSite provides three different meth-ods of quickly converting your applicationpages — WordPro, 1-2-3, and Freelance

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ConclusionLotus SmartSuite has the virtue of beingone of the easiest suites to learn, withgood collaborative features, and sol idWeb-page and site-creation capabilities. IfLotus sheds the file compatibility prob-lems and improves the programs' robust-ness (WordPro and Freelance Graphics hadthe dubious honor of tying for most crash-es during our testing of all the suites),Lotus would have a clear best buy on its

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with the Nomad.

the people at Creative Labs studied DiamondMultimedia's Rio MP3 player and decided tomake the Nomad just that much better. Likethe Rio, the Nomad is a diminutive MP3 play-er. It weighs in at only 64 g (2.24 oz.) withoutbatteries and measures a mere 6x8.5x2 cm(2,3x3.31x.78 in.), making the Rio look bulkyin comparison. The Nomad sports a magne-sium case, comes with a rechargeable NIMHbattery, and has a decent 90 dedbel signal-to-noise ratio. If you have Creative Labs SoundBlaster Live! sound card, you ran furtherenhance your MP3 sound files by Indudingenvironmental sound effects, which addmore "space" to the listening experience.

One of the chief improvements over theoriginal Rio is that the Nomad comes withtwice the memory: 64 MB. This is enoughmemory to play roughly one full hour ofhlghguality MP3 sound. This is a muchmore "comfortable" amount of playing timethan the half hour you'd get with the stan-dard RIo. An hour is enough to flt a fullalbum's worth of material with perhapsspace for extra song or two to boot.

Like the Rio, the Nomad can take standardflash-memory cards for stgring more MP3flles. In fact, 32 MB of the Nomad's standard64 MB comes in the form of a flash-memorycard. But the software used to manage thesongs you load on the Nomad is much moreflexible, allowing you to spedfy which mem-ory device to use. This means you can easilyload sound flies across multiple flash-memorycards, then swap them in and out as you fin-ish Bstening to their content.

The Rio can only play MP3 Ales. With theNomad you have two other options. It has abuilt-in digital FM tuner, and you can recordand play back up to four hours of voicerecordings through a built-in condensermicrophone. The FM tuner means that youcan stfll use your Nomad player when youget tired of listening to the MP3 songs youalready have stored on it.

The voice recorder is a nice extra — theresulting sound is crisp and dear, though youwill need to be close to the microphone to getdecent sound, making it suitable primarily formaking your own quick voice notes.

The controls for switching between oneplayback mode and another are easy to use,and the little LCD screen is an improvementover the Rio's display. Not only will it tellyou which mode you are using, but if the IDfields in your MP3 files are filled in, the dis-play on the Nomad will scroll the artist infoand title as the file plays. The Rio only dis-plays the track number.

Sexy like a Palm VOne of the complaints against the Rio hasbeen that it looked "'cheap." The Nomadlooks more like a slick Palm V than thedowdy black Rio, which looks more like a toypager. The similarity to the Palm V goesdeeper than mere looks — the Nomad uses aPahn-like cradle used for transferring MP3files to the device, and like the Palm V it usesrechargeable batteries.

Both are improvements over the Rio,which uses a simple, flimsy cable to transferflles, and gobbles up regular batteries. Thesoftware is also arguably better and easier touse than the Rio's. Instead of a limited edi-tion vmion of MusicMatch Jukebox (neededfor creating MP3 Ales), Creative Labs bundlesa full, unlimited-use version of the program

But do you need all of these extrasI For

one thing, they do add to the price. TheNomad costs US$249.99 as opposed toUS$169.95 for the Rio. However, CreativeLabs also sells a 32 MB version of the Nomadto match the Rio's price point.

On the negative side, the Nomad comeswith relatively cheap set of headphones,which you wil l undoubtedly want toreplace if you appreciate decent sound.Unlike the Rio, it does not come with a belt-clip, meaning you' ll have to flnd a pocket

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solve it was to remove the batteries — a trickybusiness that requires use of a screwdriver.These minor irritants aside, the Nomad isstill a top-notch MP3 player.

While Diamond Multimedia may havecleared the path (both legally and in estab-lishing a market for these devices) by launch-ing the Rlo, Creative Lab's Nomad definitelyraises the bar in terms of desirable features.The Nomad is definitely the portable MP3player to beat. 0

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each time you want to change disks.Using the drive is as simple as using any

other removable storage drive Windowsidentifies it with a removable drive icon, andmoving data to it is a simple drag-and-dropoperation. According to the specifications,the data transfer rate is 620 Kbps. This seemsto be a fair rating — I copied 13 files totalling4.3 MB in under five seconds.

Beyond the Agee that's cute" factor, youmight wonder why anyone would want adevice that's relatively expensive while quitelimited in its storage capacity. After all, a 100MB Zip drive costs less, and each Zip diskholds more than twice as much as a Clik!During a recent briefing about the product,Wally Schmidt, manager of Iomega'sCanadian operation, said convenience forportable users was a major benefit of theproduct, because it is small and doesn' trequire extra cables, power supplies, etc.

But Schmidt also pointed out that withthe QuickSync utility included with the drive(and which can also be downloaded for freefrom Iomega's Web site for use with otherIomega products), the user can set the CIIIdas an automatic backup device. He notedthat about 30 percent of computers beingsold today are portables. Given the higherrisks of theft of and damage to a portablecomputer, backing up data is a particularlyimportant routine for notebook users.

Other Clihl drivesWhen the company announced the Clik! acouple of years ago, a few of us perked up atthe prospect of removable storage that wassmall enough to be incorporated into allkinds of devices, from digital cameras tohandheld computers.

Before the PC Card Clild Drive was intro-duced, an external drive about the size of amemo tape recorder was available. An adapteris available for the external drive, whichincorporates CompactRash and SmartMediacard readers, The drive and adapter combina-tion is being sold as the Clik! Drive for DigitalCameras. The idea was to provide a portablestorage solution for digital camera users. After

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If you are not familiar with Clik!, think ofit as a miniature Zip. The Cliki disks, whichhave a capacity of 40 MB, are about thethickness of a couple of quarters stackedtogether. They have a diameter of, roughly, 6cm (2.34 in,), although two edges aresquared off to a width of about 5 cm (1.95in.), making them just narrow enough to fitthe dimensions of a standard PC Card. Andthat's what the new PC Card drive is — a com-plete drive mechanism built into a Type IIPC Card. The Clikl disk slides into a slot inthe end of the card.

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I• e s e

THE COMPUTER PAPER GREATER TORONTO EDITION www.tc ca OCTOBER 1999 HARDWARK I

Sy Rod lamirastd Ziff-Davis site (http: //wwwzdnet.corn). In thisprocessorwnly test the OmniBook scored31.7, My own 450 MHz Pentium III desktepPC scored 34.1. These numbers do not relateto overall performance as many factors otherthan the processor affect comprehensive test

ewlett-Packard's OmniBook line ofnotebook computers has been verysuccessfui and is primarily aimed at

corporate users. You can get one for yourselfsimply by going to the OmniBook Web pageand clicking the purchase butten but youwill need a few bucks — this is exceptional butdear hardware. Not that there aren't plentyof more expensive notebooks on the market,but the OmniBook 900 is four grand after arecent 17 percent price drop — and that pricedoesn't indude a CD-ROM drive!

o uar m n i o o o e r s ex i i iH

sceres, but they do i n d icate that t heOmniBook has a fast processor,

The OmniBook is a very sexy computer-diminutive but powerfuL lf yeu added a CD-ROM or DVD drive to the basic package youwould be well set up. Add a full docking sta-

tion, which is only another $300, and youwould have a to p -notch, l i ghtweightmachine for work or home use,

The OmniBook 900 is not a value note-book, but it is very powerful and featurerich. 0

• •

Omssisoolt 900From: Hewlett-Packard Canada Ltd.Tel: 800-387-3887, www.hp.corn/omnibookEstimated street price: $4,065

The innovative OmniBook 900 weighs inat only 1.8 kg (4 lb.) and does come with anexternal module bay that houses the floppydrive. The module bay can also hold anoptienai CD-ROM, DVD, or LS-120 drive.

The OmniBook 900 is powered by a 366MHz Intel Mobile Pentium II CPU, 32 MB ofRAM, and has a 6.4 GB hard drive. The dis-play is a 12.l-inch TIT screen with SVGA res-olution. The single speaker provides some-what tinny audio, but remember this is abusiness machine. Interestingly, thisOmniBook has a touch pad and a track pointstick that work simultaneously and eachhave their own right- and leftwlick buttons.

I was unable to run the BAPCo SYSmark98 bendunark tests as HP could not get themodule bay CD-ROM drive to me in time forthis review. I did run a somewhat elementaryprecessor test, called CPUmark, from the

4 • t

OlNI N S I FS ON8 OM©~ S©

FO~ e Undk& Vtme!Ie • •

A floispy for yotsr FC CardContinued from page 100

filling a memory card with images, the pho-tographer could pop the card into a readerand download the images onte a Clik~ diskBecause the unit and the media were sosmall, the unit and a half-dozen disks wouldeasily fit in a camera bag.

Schmidt also noted that lomega andAgfa are working together, and Agfa is devel-oping a digital camera with a built-in Clik!drive.

As for using the PC Card Clik! as a flop-py for a Windows CE device, we' ll have towait a while for that, Schmidt says the PCCard drive wiII work only with Windows95/98 for now. U

t M S RktMR N~nRf.ealvlale«.oem

CADVision.GetQOmain.COm

info(igetdomain.corn3 -888-343-INET{4638}'Does not include Agency fees.

THE COMPUTER PAPER GREATER TORONTO EDITION www.tc .ca OCTOBER 1999 NEWS gagAOVERTISENtENT

ncre i e c a s a u er a enai nfail t o

P l ov l d eYZK in f o

Toronto's longest running retail computer show Che ck out the ads in the all Toronto dailies orhas had a significant makeover for the beginningof its 15th anniversary season, September 24 to26 in the Automotive Building, Exhibition Place.

"There is a whole new emphasis on deals oncomputers and computer products that consum-ers can't get anywhere else," says show producerDavid Carter.

Exhibitors will be stocking over $12,000,000worth of computer products at unbelievableprices, such as Pentium-based PCs starting at just$299, a 27 gigabyte hard drive for an incredible$315, books starting at just $1 and more.

at the Fest web site, ww.compfest.corn, in theweek before the show, for more late-breakingannouncements of great specials.

"Fest can ofFer these opportunities because ithas suppliers and retailers f'rom as far away asColorado with huge quantities of overstocked,closeout, and new products," says Carter.

In keeping with the new look of the show,there will also be an auction of used and end-ofline merchandise each day at 3:30pm.

Visitors can recoup the cost of admission withcoupons that everyone will receive. The

coupons are good for up to 10 per cent of thecost of a product with a large number ofparticipating exhibitors.They can now even I'ree parking if they are

ready for a ten-minute walk north on Strachan,Computer Fest combines with Mac Expo to

bring great prices and selection f'rom a numberof Mac dealers. Mac users can also get freeadvice, free software training, and ongoingpresentations.

Other great Fest features include a gamesarena, a free seminar series, free advice fromexperts, and an Internet cafe.WASHINGTON, D.C. (NB) — Reports from

the 72 countries that participated in a recentYear 2000-readiness survey are widely opti-mistic, but the fact that more than 100nations failed to provide any informationon their Year 2000 P2K) efforts has someinternational authorities concerned.

"Most of the countries that reportedhave good tY2K] programs under way,o saidBruce McConnell, d i rector o f theInternational Y2K Cooperation Center. But"for the countries where there is still a lackof information, we are worried."

Launched by the United Nations,the In ternational Y2 K C o operationCenter asked 195 countries to submitY2K readiness information about n inesectors including power, telecommuni-cations, and finance. The centre furtherrequested that countries include esti-mates for when remediation effortswould be complet -d.

Most of the countries participating inthe survey reported that they would com-plete remediation efforts across all sectorsbefore the end of October.

And although the information is self-reported, McConnell is inclined to acceptmost of the estimates at face value.Countries realize "there is no gain in tryingto game with this," he said.

Still, concerns that some nations' Y2Kreports may be overly optimistic are notunwarranted, McConnell said. nYou can' ttake [the reports] as gospel."

As to the dearth of participants in thesurvey, McConnell said a number of coun-tries are rushing to submit reports now thatthe first round of data has been published.

aSunshirie is a great motivator," he said.The Cooperation Center has tried to

impress upon world leaders the need tosubmit information, warning that for-eign investors may be inclined to pul lout of countries for which there is notadequate YZK information available,McConnell said.

McConnell also said that, for some ofthe non-participating nations, includingCanada and several Western Europeancountries, adequate Y2K information existselsewhere.

Canadian authorities, for instance, didnot participate in the survey out of con-cem that the self-reporting criteria weretop simple to give a clear'picture of Y2Kreadiness, McConnell said. 0

Survey data available online athttp: //www.ly2kcc.org/GountryWeb.htm

I - B

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Opsquesr Q71 1T 0.27 dpi $319Viewsonlc E771 1T 027 Refb $309 1T 0.27mm Dlgiial MonitorRellsys 17p 0.26 dpi dlgnal $349

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CDROM48XCrrmgve $89COCO ANNIE f$0 Intel440BX100MhzMBCDRW Ricoh 4x4x20 IDE w/sw $2N ~ I 1750/6333/T/4000/M/1 128 MB SDRAMPC-100DVD 5X ~m I ax Pioneer $115 P -II 333Mhz CPU Dlamon MOnger Fualon 16MB AGP100MB"Inw~la, DN.m $85 12.1 800X600CTFTDaplay 17 0.2?mm Digit IMongor

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32 MB SDRAMPC-100 44XCDROM/Eihamet10/100Asus P285 P-INII $43 3.4 GB UDMA HSRI Disk PCI Yamaha Sound canlASUS P2BLS P-INn 4MB 3D SIS AGP VIdeo Card 56K V90 Fax/Voice ModemASUS P3BF P-nlni $1I 1 5 ' Q51 Opgqueat Monitor 104 Keys KB, Mouse, 120W Amp. Spk.

Hanl Drlvesr 44X IDE CDROM DRIVE PII 4gpp P I ZI 4l50IDE 3.2GB HDD 56K V.90 Fax/Voice Modem %RKSM C iU KC&IDE 72GB HDO $149 PS/2104 Keys KB, PS/2 Mouse P I I I 5 pp PI I I 6ppIDE 6.6GB HDD $15g 120 Watt Amplified Speakers ~ ~ ~6 a~pgggIDE 13GB HDD $219P-II 366C128K gy 7QO

oew PQ P 14 eeeaei eaw P-II466C 128K 8799 raoo oooeoooOpgquestV95 'l9 0.26 dpi $619 P-Il sooc 128K g949 ATI Rage Fuq/18MB AGP Video

Rsssys 1lr 026 dpi dlgnal $609 gygO Cggy jpgg4f58K Int cl gowlvoice pfaneglf Ngngftrhrtfes 56K V90 USR Fax/Voice ModemNK Impel veg Dmond $$5 Z100AGP 16MB MRAM PII Y 104 Keys KB, Mouse, 120W Amp. Spk.

CORW Yrun 4x4x16 IDE w/sw $345 8.4 GB UDMA HDD

100MB External ZIP Drv. KII $149 4.0GB Hard Dlak Pioneer 6X DVD Drive2Nm m@ a p Dw.@t 2 N 64MB SDRAMPC-100 SB Liv8256Vakresound Card

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Diamond V770V 32M AGP $229 All systeass cease arrllut 9 years lrarts aad 5 years lahrar warraatyVooDoo 3 82000 16M AGP $139 /Mse ISladOWS 9$ CD Maaaal dl Llceaee are IaeladerLVooDoo 3 83000 18M AGP $169 wo oroosas oosoooe swor oorwr os eeme seo ooor ooohoroosororwr srwrrs sosoooo

NOTE: 1. Pliaaa~ l imydmslssaoiipar mgss 2. Alrmmssrhs asslehahis 3. All plhssms 3.5%cmh dssmishd

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ABy Craerhhe Benrhett

Q: I live in Lethbridge, Alta. I am using a 120MHZ Pentnon PC with 32 MB EDO ltAM and 2MB of VRAM (Diamond Stealth). Shaw' Cableand BCTTelus [the providers of these high-speed Net services for this area] are both com-ing to town at the same time. Shaw claims [itsservice is] 100x faster than a 28.8Kbps modem(is that 2.88Mbps) and Telus says [its service is]1.5Mbps. What about when someone is on thephone/fax, what does the speed decrease to withADSL? The price for each service is the same. Isone better than the other, i.e. faster, safer, etc. Ido online tmding, etc,, with the computer, sosecurity is also prime. Would I benefit from afaster processor and/or more RAM? I plan onpurchasinga new computer next spring and link-ing the two together.

Shaw, as one of the affiliates in theo ISIHome group of companies, does• not claim you' ll experience speeds

that are 100 times faster than a 26,BKbpsmodem with i t s cable-modem Internetaccess service. The list of responses to fre-quently asked questions (FAQ) posted at thelgIHome Web site (hllp://www.home.corn/qa.html)clearly includes the crucial words, "up to."

BCTTelus, meanwhile, expresses caveatsabout its ADSL (asymmetric digital sub-scriber line) service due to the way band-width potential diminishes with distance.Thus the company's claim of ADSL accessspeeds that are o150 times modem speeds"must be considered incomplete without

Signed, Bill

service.

qualifications, as well.However, the corporate FAQs don't really

give you the whole story. Although not men-tioned in the (49Home FAQ, cable mortembandwidth is shared by all users in a"Network Neighborhood."

ADSL, as the BCT.Telus FAQ (hltpi/www.betel.ca/multimediagateway/faq/) notes, is notshared, but is dependent on the proximity tothe phone company's switching station/office. In my area, the (4Home servicepromises 1.5 Mbps of bandwidth down-stream, and 512Kbps upstream, hence thethe use of "asymmetric" in description of the

Of course, both systems are subject tobandwidth constraints at any bottleneckpoint in the system, such as a Web serverwith insufficient resources for heavy trafficon the sites it hosts.

Additionally, cable users are subject to afew additional security issues, namely theability to access shared hard drives or net-worked printers of other users in a NetworkNeighbourhood unless those drives orprinters are password protected. (To be fair,you can access ADSL-connected resourceson someone else's computer if you knowtheir IP address and have a basic under-standing of the Windows 9x Find Computerfeature.)

It is relatively simple, however, for usersof both high-speed services to reduce securi-ty risks: don't share drives or printers with-out password protecting them!

Overall, I'd rate ADSL (which does notslow down appreciably when the phone is

JXamond VTIOV 16M AGP $159

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NEWS gagTHE COMPUTER PAPER GREATER TORONTO EDITION www.tc .ca OCTOBER 1999

t

world" use.

used simultaneously for voice calls, by theway) as a more scalable technology, but inactual use, at least in my area (0.7 km fromthe n earest ADSLswitch), both provideroughly comparableperformance in "real

In deciding whichservice to use, I'd alsoconsider whether eithersystem has a "heavyuse" surcharge, for ex-ample a per-gigabytedownload surcharge.While even I GB mayseem huge, you can rackup that amount fairlyquickly if you downloadvideos, MP3 files andother binaries.

You should also con-sider the overall reliabil-ity of a service in yourdecision. Ask your associates who use high-speed Internet alternatives if they are happy

It is relativelysimple, however,for users of both

high-speed servicesto reduce securityrisks: don't sharedrives or printerswithout passwordprotecting them)

with their service. Although ADSL inWestern Canada seems to be quite reliable,we' ve seen many complaints from Toronto-

based users — and morethan a few complaintsabout cable service aswell. More than any-thing, it seems that reli-ability is a localized ser-

For the record, Ichose ADSL, but I' lldrop it like a hot potatothe day my serviceprovider (BCT.Telus)institutes a per-gigabytesurcharge.

The FAQ posted bymy ADSL provider(http: //www,betel.ca/multi-medlagateway/faq/) hasanswers to questionsand concerns raisedabout other Internet

issues. Check whether your local provider ithas its own FAG, which may differ. 0

vice issue.

nrel Celeron processor w/MMII technologyMicroster dl18 ATXmsinbostd (Intel 810)64 MB PC100 SD RAM, 128K cacheFujitsu 4.3 GB Hard DrivePsnssonic 1.44 MB floppy driveOn Board 2D/3D 4MB Graphic VIdeoAcct 56K int. fax/modem/voice V90 PCIMitsumi PS2 keyboard, PS2 mouse/psdMedium ATX tower csee, 40X speed CD ROMOn Board Audio, 100wstts speakers

Intel Pentium Iigaprocessor wf MME' ™TechnoMicroster61 56 ATX msinbosrd (intel ZX)512K64 MB PC100 SD RAMQusnmm 6.4GB Hard DrivePsnssonic 1.44 MB floppy drive/GT 3D Charger 4MB AGP video cardAcct 56K int. fax/modem/voice V90 PCIMifsumi PS2 keyboard, PS2 mouse/psdMedium ATX tower case, 40X speed CD ROMOn Board SB128, 100 watts smp speakers

t

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IIntel Pennum®III processor wlMivt/I TechnologyASUS P3BF ATX motherboardotitel BX)128MB PC100SD Rsm 7ns, 512K cacheWestern Digital 10.2GB hard drivePnnnsonic 1.44 MB floppy driveATI XPERT 128 AGP 16MB video cardUSRobotics 56K int. fax / modem V90Medium ATX tower caseLogitech PS2 First MouseKeytronic 104 PS2 keyboard48X speed EIDE CD ROMCreative Labs Sound Bluster PCI 128mic., 450w nmp.speakers 8c Subwoofer

Monitor utter system perch/led15" Relisys Monitor .28dpi15" Acer 54E Monitor .28dpi17" Relisys TE772 Monitor .28dpi17" Accr 77C Monitor .27dpi17" Opfiquest Q71 Monitor .27dpi17" Viewsonic E771 Monitor .27dpi17" Viewsonic G773 Monitor .26dpi17" Vicwsonic GT775 Monitor .25dpi19" Viewsonic PS790 Mo nifor .25dpi

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'diffeirent partg Of thye WOrld and eVen::-'gpy on people at work. Cammunity Is a guide.to this virtual woild and the treasur'es.«'it o'ffers E ''- , '=' , g."" , ', " ' ~ ~ ~ h~ n ~&-.-MIIM*'~,~ Q, " ~ ~ «~

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s' sites co ect r ivate in oManU.S. study finds Web masters fail to live up to promised self-regulation

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WASHINGTON, D.C. (NB) — Even thoughmajor legislation regarding the privacy ofchildren surfing the Internet is waiting to be

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ular kids' sites.Of the random

CME said it sur-

kid-oriented We b

put in place, most companies with majorWeb presences targeted at children still runafoul of the intent of the new law, a surveyfro)n a privacy organization shows,

The Center for Media Education (CME)said that, while the U.S. Federal TradeCommission (FTC) designs rules for compa-nies coming under the jurisdiction of theChildren's Online Privacy Protection Act(COPPA) of 1998, most of those firms are notreading the writingon the wall, in termsof protecting kids'

veyed two groups of infOrmatisample and one con- gtaining the most pop- fromsample, nearly /1S percent do not state theirprivacy policies, CME President Kathryn C,Montgomery said on the day the studyresults were released. Of all the sites in thefirst sample, 9S percent collect some kind ofpersonal information, she said. Less than sixpercent of those sites collecting informationattempt to get any permission from parents,while less than three percent use methods forgetting prior, verifiable parental permis-sion — a standard consistent with COPPA,Montgomery said.

In the most-popular kids' Web sites cate-gory, consisting of 80 run by the most=prominent companies, CME said it foundmore than 25 percent of sites did not post aprivacy policy. Additiot)ally, 88 percent of allWeb sites surveyed collect personal informa-tion from children, Montgomery said, Of the88 percent, less than 26 percent attempt toobtain parental permission for infor)nationcollection, and less than 13 percent use

of those sit

Reaae call for uSthlapi/'ce!!

six percentes collectingon attemptpermissionparents

methods for getting prior, verifiable parentalpermission.

A lot of the companies in the secondgroup are "signatories to the self-regulatoryinitiatives recently created," Montgo)nerynoted, calhng the results "disturbing."

oSince this law [COPPAj was passed eightmonths ago.. . we' ve heard industry assur-ances all along that they would be able totake care of t h is w i th self-regulation,"

Montgomery said"Even with the lawpassed, we' re d) s-heartened to find theresults that we did.o

CME, along withrepresentatives fromJunkbusters Corp.and Privacy Times,made its comments aday before a majorFfC foru)n was held

in late july on implementing COPPA's pro-visions. The workshop focused on one par-ticular rule made last April by the FTC, inregards to gaining parental approval forobtaining a child's personal informationwhile they are online.

The workshop expLored appropriatemethods for co)npanies to obtain parentalconsent before collecting, using, or dis-closing personal information from chil-dren, an FTC spokesperson said The FTC'scurrent rulemaking on COPPA requiressuch approvals, with certain exceptions.

The main goal of the statute and theproposed rule is to put parents in controlof information collected online from chil-dren under 13, the FTC said.

I.ast April, the FTC published a pro-posed rule as the first part of its COPPA-mandated enforcement role. The rulewould apply to certain commercial Websites, and states that "an operator must

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THE COMPUTER PAPER CREATER TORONTO EDITION www.tc ca O CTOBER 1999 MENS, gig

make reasonable efforts to obtain verifi-able parental consent, taking into consid-eration available technology. Any methodto obtain verifiable parental consent mustbe reasonably calculated, in light of avail-able technology, to ensure that the personproviding consent is the child's parent."

Possible verification options includesigning a consent form that would be faxedor mailed to the Web site owner, inputtinga credit card number by a parent, calling atoll-free phone number or sending an emailmessage with a valid digital signature.

The FTC is also determining if otheremail-based options are available for con-firming a parent's identity.

With certain exceptions, these siteswould have to obtain parental consentbefore collecting, using, or disclosing per-sonal information f rom ch i ldren. Thesites would also be required to providenotice on the site and to parents about

their policies with respect to the collec-tion, use and disclosure of children's per-sonal information.

Certain limited exceptions do exist,the FTC said. A site may collect a parent'sor child's email address without pr iorparental consent, for example, in order toseek parental consent or provide parentalnotice. Also, a site may collect a child' semail address without prior parental con-sent in order to respond directly to achild's specific request.

Both of t hose exceptions, though,would trigger additional privacy protec-tions under the rule, the commission said.

COPPA, which was sponsored by U.S.Senator Richard Bryan, and signed intolaw by U.S. President Bill Clinton, will gointo effect as late as April 2000, but theFTC must first create rules for online com-panies catering to children to follow, asmandated by the legislation. Q

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page, you can be sure the output from aPostScript file will be the same from anultra-expensive commercial typesettingmachine as it will be from your PostScript-or Ghostscript-equipped home printer.

And because shapes that make upPostScript typefaces are described as math-ematical vectors, the letter "0" wil l printat the maximum resolution of the outputdevice — whether that device is a $500 laserprinter or a $100,000 Linotronic imageset-ter. As PostScript has matured over theyears, GhostScript has kept up and nowadds color capabilities for those using low-cost inkiet printers.

Another common use of Ghostscript isto prepare documents for printing on aremote printer. By printing a documentfrom a PC, Macintosh, or other computerto a file, you can load that file intoGhostscript and see the document the wayit will appear on a printout, complete withthe original fonts, graphics and page for-matting.

You can then use Ghostscript to "printto file" and save the document as a PDF(Portable Document Format) f i l e .Alternatively, you can save the documentin EPS format, which is supported by vir-tually all desktop publishing programs.

How to esse ChostscrlptFirst, make sure you have a PostScriptprinter driver installed. These drivers aresupplied by the vendors of virtually everyoperating system. For example, inWindows, you would go to the Start menuand choose Settings, then Printers.' Here,you must add a PostScript printer if onedoes not already appear. It doesn't matterif you don't actually own a PostScriptprinter — this is where Ghostscript (or com-mercially available PostScript interpreters,such as Infowave's StyleScript) come in!

For our PostScript driver, we choseLinotronic Quasar 2013. We were moreconcerned with the number than thebrand or model name. The number 2013represents the PostScript interpreter revi-sion number. Values larger than 2000 areknown as PostScript Level 2 drivers. Thesedrivers offer some additional features over

older 47 through 53 drivers. However, ther evision number and name of t h ePostScript driver isn't critically important.In a pinch, you can use any PostScript dri-ver, such as the Apple LaserWriter or, ifyou want the driver we use here at TCP, goto Adobe's Web site (http: //www.adobe.corn/supportservice/custsupport/download. html) anddownload the latest PostScript J.evel 3-compatible printer driver for Windows orMacintosh.

Once installed, this driver becomesavailable through the print dialoguesyou' ll already be familiar with in yourexisting applications. Naturally, there willbe some new options, which we describebelow.

Next, you will want to launch theapplication from which you want to print.Open the desired document and ensurethat the PostScript driver is selected in thePrinter Name area of the Print dialogue.

Then, notice the checkbox (usually onthe right hand side of this dialogue) thatsays Print To File (it is the option that pro-duces a PostScript file). Select it. It is agood idea to also click the Properties but-ton to select the correct page size andpaper orientation. Even though we aren' tprinting to "real" paper, we still want thedriver to output the data so it fits on the"virtual" page we have specified!

Now, click Print and when the File Savedialogue opens, specify where you wantthe file saved. We usually save files toC:ssWindowsxsDesktop, so they are easilyaccessed via the Desktop icon that appearsin most Windows 9x standard file dia-logues. PostScript files are typically savedwith the file extension ".pm" to show thatthey are intended for a printer.

You may notice in the PostScript dri-ver's Print dialogue that there is aProperties button. By clicking it, you canaccess several advanced features of the dri-ver. Most notable is the PostScript tab,which provides several options that youmay wish to try if Ghostscript has prob-lems interpreting your file using thedefault Optimize For Speed setting.

Now, you are ready to process the .pmContinued on page 111

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OCTOBER 1999 THE COMPUTER PAPER GREATER TORONTO EDlTION www.tc .caQgl NE W S

New English dictionary addedto Encarta lineupFREE Usb Video Camera

September 24,25 and October 1,2.Wf pure ase of any computer system listed below on e annual fall release of latest edition of Microsoft's Encarta CD-ROM encyclopedia has

become a back to school tradition since its debut launch in 1994. Although there areother CD-ROM encyclopedias, including McClelland and Stewart's Canadian

Encydopedia, IBM's World Book Encydopedia and Comp'ton's Interactive Encyclopedia, theMicrosoft brand is by far the best recognized and the best seller.

The Encarta software line has expanded over the years, to include an interactive atlas, andthis year, an English dictionary. According to Microsoft, the Encarta World English Dictionaryis the first riewly written English language dictionary published in the last 30 years.

The dictionary was compiled by a team of 320 writers and editors from 20 countries, withthe result that it may be, according to its developers, the most comprehensive reference of"global English" available. In addition to the basic dictionary, which has more than 400,000references, it includes a book of quotations, Roget's Thesaurus, the Encarta Almanac 2000,Microsoft Press Computer and Internet Dictionary, and the Encarta Manual of Style and Usage.

The Encarta World English Dictionary with its five additional references sells for a streetprice of about $54.

The Encarta Reference Suite 2000 bundles Encarta Encyclopedia Deluxe 2000, with theEncarta Interactive Atlas, the new dictionary, and access to the Encarta Online Deluxe for astreet price of $149 ($99 after mail-in rebate).

With this Ad Oal ! (While quantities last, offer may be changed without notice)

i o » s • c • — Jeff Evans

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pple Computer is persisting with its attempts to stop eMachines Inc., a joint ventureof Korean-based TriGem Computer and Korea Data Systems, from selling a WindowsC Apple daims is visually very similar in design to its iMac computer.

According to Apple chief executive offICer, Steve Jobs,DThere is an unlimited number oforiginal designs that eMachines could have created for their computers, but instead theychose to copy Apple's designs.

"We invested a lot of money and effort to create and market our award-winning comput-er designs, and we intend to protect them under the law.n

Apple has appBIed to a U.S. court to have sales of the eOne stopped, so far without success.The iMac, an all-in-one computer with the monitor and computer components housed in

a single, translucent plastic case, has been the biggest hit in the personal computer market inthe past several years. Single-handedly, this appealingnappliancen computer has turned bothApple's profitability and its public image around.

The eMachine offers a similar design, but uses the Microsoft Windows operating system.Users of Windows PCs have a much larger library of compatible software and peripherals tochoose from than Macintosh users.

The eOne has been a hit as well, displacing the iMac as the top-selling computer in Japan.While there have been other all-in-one Windows PCs in the past, notably certain models ofthe Compaq Presario line, the iMac design is very distinctive, and Apple claims the eOnedesign is close enough to an exact copy to constitute copyright infringement.

In the computer business, it has sometimes been common for one manufacturer to be"inspired" by another's design — the 3Com Palm Pilot's form factor, for example, has beenemulated by some other handheld devices. In the 3Com case, however, would-be copiershave found that external similarities are not enough: the attractive casework has to containelectronic guts that offer competitive value and performance. (In recent days, however, 3Comlaunched its own copyright-infringement suits, claimingcompetitorsare getting a little tooclose for comfort where the electronic guts are concerned.)

EMachines is betting that a computer that looks like an iMac and costs about the same,but offers Windows compatibility, wi)I attract many buyers who would never buy into a non-Windows operating system. So far, its gamble seems to be paying off, 0

n late August, the encryption subcommittee of the President's Export Council — a bodythat recommends policies and regulations governing the export of technology from theU.S.— submitted its suggested changes to government rules on the export of encryption

technology to other countries.At the urging of law enforcement and national security and intelligence agencies, U.S.

President Bill Clinton's administration has maintained rules that prevent any but the weak-est of data encryption technology from being exported. The reason given for this policy is thedesire of American officials to block access by criminals and political adversaries of the U.S.to "unbreakable" data security technology.

The policy has been widely criticized and ridiculed, however, since in practice it simplyensures that the international encryption software market is dominated either by non-American technologies, or by "leaked" or smuggled American software.

Critcics of the policy argue that in the age of the Internet, software recognizes no bound-aries, and the U.S. government policy is harming the country's economic interests withoutsignificantly protecting its security.

William Croweil, the chair of the encryption advisory subcommittee, said relaxing the restrictionswould boost American efforts to sell security solutions for exommerce, online banking and health care.

— Jeff Evansness In nno» n « n n v « « n

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GrabbingWeb data tatement s ntax- -

By Helen Bradley

ne neat thing you can do inyour spreadsheet package isgrab data from the Web and use

it in calculations. This month kicks offa two-part look at spreadsheets and theWeb, We'0 begin with Web queries,which extract data from the Web.

The simplest way to understandWeb queries is to try one for yourself.For this you' ll need a current spread-sheet: Lotus 1-2-3 9.0, Quattro Pro 9.0,or Excel 97 or 2000.

One example of using Web data inspreadsheets is employing online cur-rency data to make your own currencyconversions. Yahoo!'s conversion page(http: //quote. yahoo.corn/m3?u) is a goodsite for gathering currency data. Take aminute to load this URL into your Webbrowser so you can see what you' ll beworking with.

Web eluerles In Excel 97You' ll need to create an Excel 97 Webquery in Word 97 or a text editor,which will save plain text files. Typeyour query as these three lines of textand save the file, calling it currency.iqy:

WEB1http://quote. yahoo.corn/m3?u

This file doesn't have to be saved toany particular place, but a good loca-tion is the default location for Webqueries, which is your NMicrosoftOffice%Querie directory.

If you' re using Word, type the textof the query, then select File, Save As,

Continued on page 116

By Jacques Surveyer

Basic (VB) editor and all the help it pro-vides in programming. At the same time,

we discussed the 12 types of VB variables. Inmost VB programs you will Gnd you useString, Oouble, Integer, Long and Variantmost often. In this session, we get into theheart of programming, and examine the fourmost commonly used statements in VB.

VB, like most other programming lan-guages, uses a whole group of spedal state-ments to add new features and functionalityto the language, such as classes, fileinput/output and database connectivity. Weshall cover special statements as the needarises, while concentrating on the meat andpotatoes: assignments, conditionals, itera-tion loops and function calls.

Fortunately, VB supplies the user with anumber of ways to test statement calcula-tions, string manipulations, and one- or two-line program snippets. One way is using theImmediate Window. If, however, you need tocheck the exact syntax and functioning of asubroutine, using a button click to launchthe routine is probably the fastest and easiestmeans to test your cod~specially becauseyou have the full power of VB's debug capa-Mities.

Immediate WindowVB's Immediate Window can be used at anytime (not just during a debug session) to testhow a statement will work. As you can see inthe image of the Immediate Window, we testto see how the Format statement works byjoining or concatenating its results to thestring apple. First we initialize I = 3. Then byadding the print command, the exact wayapple is concatenated with the format string

rn our last tutorial we looked at the Visual

erties.

the value of i.

from Labai1 to Value.

named Text1 and Text2.

immediate Windowxxx0, the 0 character says print one digit of

But don't try to enter a declaration ormulti-statement if o r f o r l o op. TheImmediate Window only works with line-by-line commands like Print (1+rate2 " n) ' PV.For more elaborate testing, it's easy to set upa small VB program to test a snippet of code.In fact, while describing the conditional ifstatement in more detail we will also be set-ting up a simple VB test program.

Testing programs In VBWhen creating programs in VB, be sure totake advantage of its speed and ease of setup.In order to test some annuity calculations,we shall set up just such a test program:1. Click File j New ProJect from the menus.2. Add a button to the program form, and

change its caption to Test it in the prop-

3. Add two text fields, one below the other,in the form. They will be automatically

4. Change their text property from Text1 toPV and from Text2 to 100.

5. Add a label field and change its caption

6. Then double click on the Test It buttonand add the following code to sub:Dim xx As Double, fv2 As Double, pv2 As DoubleOim rate2 As Double, ann2 As Double, n2 As

We can't cover all the details, but there isa wealth of information available to help fig-ure out how VB works and to find and fixbugs in your program. In a later tutorial wewill cover VB's debugger in more detail.

Teel Window

Doublerate2= 0.1fv2 = Oepv2= GFII2 = 3ann2 = CDbl(Text2.Text)If UCase(Textf.Text) = 'PV' Thenpv2=ann2 ' (1 - (1 + rate2)" (-n2)) /rate2Label1.Caption = 'PV='+ Format(pv2)Eiseif UCase(Textf.Text) = 'Rl'Thenfv2= ann2 ((1 + rate2) " n2 -1) / rate2Labelf.Caption= ' FV='+ Format(fv2)ElseMsgBox 'Enter PV or FV in first text box'.vbOKOniy, Warning'End If

Finally, add a breakpoint by going intoVB's editor, highlighting the point or line ofcode at which you want the program tobreak/pause, then press the F9 key or clickthe Debug j Toggle Bieakpoint menu item.Now for some fun! Click Debug j Start andthe program starts up, halting at your break-point as in the following image.

Continued on page 120

... nsta .By Cene Wllburn

Last month we went through a pre-

flight checMist to get informationabout our hardware, and to check its

able online at http J/www.tcp.ca). We examined three optionsfor creating enough empty space on our hard disk to installLinux. We leaned how to create an installation boot flop-py from the Linux CD-ROM.

Assuming that your system meets all the hardwarerequirements and that you have created partition space forLinux, let's do the installation. You' ll need a single format-ted blank DOS diskette during the installation.

(Note: The example Linux distribution we' re using for

this series is the Cheapbytes Red Hat Linux 6.0i386/Intel CD — also called i386/CPU — available for$1.99 plus shipping from http J/www.cheapbytea.corn.)

In addition to the following instructions, Iencourage you to also read through some of the Red

Hat su p por t mat e ria l at http : //www.redhat.corn/support/. In particular, browse through theInstallation Guides, Manuals Ik FAQs" section. You' ll find

valuable information, tips and hints there, not to mentionthe offidal manual for Red Hat 6.0 Linux.

Because I cannot capture the actual installation screensas screen shots, I' ll emulate them using italic type for theprompts you' ll see when installing Linux.

The example machine I'm using is my own.66 MHz 486with 16 MB RAM, external Sony SCSI 4x CD-ROM drive, an

andent GoldStar VGA monitor, and a 2 GB IDE hard drive.The hard drive has a 1 GB Windows partition and I' ll beadding Linux to the rest.

One last check: if you' re installing Linux alongsideanother operating system be sure you have backed up allyour important files. If you make a mistake or somethinggoes wrong, there's a possibility of destroying your existingsetup. When working with any operating system installa-tion, always prepare for the worst.

Booting ulsPlace the Linux disc in your CD-ROM player and insert theLinux boot diskette you created into your A: drive. Startyour system. You' ll get a "Welcome to Red Hat Linux"

Continued on page 1 14

compatibility with Linux (Parts 1 and 2 are view-

OCTOBER 1999 THE COMPUTER PAPER GREATER TORONTO EDITION www.tc .cagg CAR EERS Sr TRAINING

... InstalliContinued from page 11$

screen. Press Enter and you' ll see Linux load-ing. It starts out something like this:

Loading initrd.lmg..............Loading vmllnuz........Uncompresslng Llnux.....

Once the initial loading is complete,you' ll get a "Welcome to Red Hat Linux"installation screen. From this point on usethe Tab key to select between options, theSpacebar to toggle check boxes, and theEnter key to proceed. If you overshoot anoption, Alt-Tab takes you back to the previ-ous option.

Press Enter.Here's a condensed version of what you' ll

see (with your response in boldface):Choose a Language: EnglishWhat type of keyboard do you have?: usWhat type of media contains the package to beinstalled: Local CDRONInsert your Red Hat CD into your CD dn've noun OK

At this point the iristallation .programwill autoprobe, looking for an IDE CD-ROMdrive, If it doesn't find one, it asks:

What type of CDROM do you have?

The choices are SCSI and Other CD-ROM,"Other" includes older CD-ROM drives suchas Creative Labs' Sound Blaster CD-ROMdrive. If you select SCSI, the program willautoprobe for a SCSI card. If it is not found,

Choose Custom.

Disk Setup: fdish, EdR

Linux fdisk is very spare — just a blankcommand-line prompt, but it's straightfor-ward to use and very reliable.

Creating Unsex partitionsA quick note about Linux device names: ifyour hard drive is an IDE, Linux will call this/dev/hda if it's your first drive, or /dev/hdb if it' sa second drive. SCSI drives are designated. as/dev/sda or /dev/sdb. Each partition on thedrive gets a number, so the first partition onthe first drive would be /dev/hda1 or /dev/sda1.You can have up to four primary partitionson your hard disk, and a large number ofextended partitions.

In the following example, I' ll fdisk my486 that already has a single Windows C:drive. I' ll create a swap partition and a nativeLinux partition as primary partitions. Thecylinder numbers apply to my machine, notyours. You' ll be prompted with different sets

Installation Path: InstallInstallation Class: Cuslom

Be very careful here. A "Workstation" or"Server" installation assumes you' re devot-ing your entire hard drive to Linux. It willdestroy any Windows partitions you have.

you may need to manually feed the parame-ters under "Specify options." I have to man-ually enter aha152xAx340,11 for my Adaptec1510 card. (Parameter options are listed inthe online Red Hat 6.0 Installation Guide.)

of numbers. If you feel uneasy at any timeduring the fdisk session, enter Il to quit, with-out making any changes. Changes are notpermanently written to the partition tableuntil you enter w,

Here's a transcript of the session that cre-ates two new partitions, makes Partition 2 aLinux swap file of 32 MB, and devotes therest of the drive (Partition 3) to Linux. Therule of thumb is that the swap partitionshould be approximately twice the amountof physical RAM, though most people do notneed a swap file larger than 127 MB on anysystem:

Command (m for help): ne extendedp primary

PPartition number (1-4): 2First cylinder (522-973): 522Last cylinder ... ([522j-973): +32N

Command (m for help): ne extendedp prlmar'y

PPartition number (1-4): 3First cylinder (539-973): 539Last cylinder ... ([539]-973): 973

Command (m for help): tPartition number (1-4): 2Hex Code (type L to list codes): 82

Command (m for help): p

Disk ltmp/hda: 64 heads, 63 sectors, 973 cylinders

Units= cylinders of 4032 512 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks ID System/tmp/hda1 ' 1 521 1050304+ 6 DOS16-blt)=32MItmp/hda2 522 538 34272 82LlnuxswapItmp/hda3 539 973 876960 83Llnuxnative

Command (m for help): w

After fdisk writes this to your partitiontable, there's one more step. Select Done fromthe return screen and you' ll be moved on toa large "Setup filesystems" screen. Arrowdown to your main Linux partition (/dev/hda3in my example) press Enter.

Mount point: I

That's a single forward slash. We' retelling the setup program to mount theLinux root file system on /dev/hda3. PressEnter, then OK to finish.

The hardest part is now done. Take abreak and wipe the sweat from your brow.

You' ll next get a screen called "ActiveSwap Space." Make sure the check box ismarked with an asterisk (hit the Spacebar if itisn' t) and it's a good idea to also select"Check for bad blocks during format."

After "Scanning Packages..." the nextscreen is "Partitions to Format." Use theSpacebar to select your Linux partition(s) andalso select "Check for bad blocks."

After the installation finishes formattingthe swap partition, you are presented with anextensive list of installation options. If you' re

The rest is much easier.

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new to Linux, most of the options wIII beunfamiliar so I'm going to supply you with afew simple recipes for a first-time installation.As you become more sophisticated in your useof Linux, you' ll want to do this differently, butthe list below will get you up and running.

Selecting packagesFor a very basic system, with X Window, thatinstalls 248 MB worth of software packages,select the following options, and deselecteverything else:['] Printer Supportf') X Window System['] Mail/WWW/News Tools['] File Managers['] Dialup Workstation

If you have around 400 MB total harddrive space, then add the following to makea very nice development workstation:f') C Developmentf'] Development Libraries['] C++ Development['] X Development

If you have around 600 MB or more harddrive space, toss in the following for a reallyfirst-rate workstation:['] Gnome['] KDE['] DOS/Windows Connectivity['] Web Server['] Postgres [SQL) Server['] Tex Document Formatting['] Emacs['] Emacs with X Windowf*] Extra Documentation

Tab to 0/r and hit Enter. Do not check"Select individual packages." The packageswill now install, displaying an update statusduring the procedure. Package inshriiationwill take anywhere from under 10 minutes toover an hour, depending on the speed ofyour processor. Then come the remainder ofthe installation questions.

Finishing upConfigure Mouse: Just follow the prompts. Leave"Emulate 3 Buttons?" unchecked.Configure LAN. Select Ne.(You can readjust this later).Configure Timezones: Leave "Hardware clock set toGMT" unchecked and select your timezone(Canada/Eastern in my case).Configure Services: Uncheck apmd and nfs. Leavethe rest as is,Configure Prtnten If you have a printer attached,select Local, take all the defaults, and then selectyour actual printer or one very similar. We' ll do moreon printers in a later column.Root Password: This is your master admin passwordfor Linux. Make it a good one that you' ll remember.Authentication Configuratioir. Select Use ShadowPasswords. Deselect everything else.Bootdis/r. "Would you like to create a bootdisk foryour system?" Absolutely. Insert your blank format-ted DDS diskette when prompted.LILO installation: The choices for LILO (LinuxLoader) are "Master Boot Record" and "First Sectionof Boot Partition." Most users prefer MBR, but BootPartition is always a safe choice. Remember, you canalways boot up Unux with the bootdisk you just cre-ated so if you' re nervous about this, choose BootPartition. It can be changed later.If you have one of those new, very large IDE hard dri-

ves, select the "Use linear mode..." option of theLILO configuration.XConfigurator We' ll delve more deeply into this in afuture column, For now select Generis VGACompatible as your video card and Generis INonauras your monitor. Skip all offers to "Probe" your videocard.Would you like X to start when you reboota No

OK, you' ve done it! Red Hat will now askyou to remove your floppy and CD-ROM andreboot. If Linux is not in your Master BootRecord (MBR), insert your newly createdboot floppy when your system restarts.Otherwise reboot normally.

If all goes well, Linux will boot and giveyou a Login prompt. Login as root.

Login: rootPassword: yeursecretpasswerd

To reboot from Linux, press CIL-ALT-DEL or type:

g shutdown -r new

To shut down your system from Linux,type the following at the "gm prompt:

g shutdown -h new

Wait for the screen to say "SystemHalted," then hit the off switch. If you haveLILO loaded in your MBR, hit Tab when LILOfirst appears and type dos in order to bootinto your Windows partitian. Q

Next time: Creating user accounts and gelngaround on the system. Gene WIlburn (njoeinterlog.corn)is a Toronto-based IT manager, musician and writer whooperates a small farm of Unux sewers.

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Save.

Crabbing Web dataContinued from page 113

select the drive and directory tosave your file to (e.g. %MicrosoftOfficeNQueries) from the Save AsType: dropdown list select TextOnly ('.txt). Type the name ofthe file as currency.iqy and click

Make sure you' re connectedto the Internet so you can runyour query, then switch to Exceland open a new workbook. Placeyour cell pointer in cell Al andselect Data, Get External Data,Run Web Query. Locate andselect y o u r que r y file Creatlncurrency.iqy and select Get Data.When you' re prompted with Where Do YouWant To Put The Data?, select the ExistingWorksheet option, change the location to=$A$1 (if it isn't already set to this) andselect OK. Wait while Excel downloads thedata.

Once the data has been retrieved, youcan take a look at the information. WhatExcel has done is bring in all the informationfrom all the tables on the Web page — and theresult is an untidy mess. You can dean it upby highlighting the rows you want toremove by selecting the row letters along theleft side of the worksheet and selecting Edit,then Delete to remove them.

At any time, you can run the queryagain and refresh the data you' ve recoveredfrom the Yahoo! Web site by selecting the

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toolbar. If this toolbar isn't visible, selectView, Toolbars, then External Data.Unfortunately, Excel brings all the data in,so you' ll have to clear away the unwantedrows again.

More Excel 97 informationTo get more information about creatingWeb queries in Excel 97, download theW eb Connectivity ki t f o r E xcel 9 7(http://officeupdate.microsoft,corn/downloadDetails/Webcnkit.htm). This file contains samplequeries and a Word 97 document withadditional information that is helpful increating complex Web queries. Also avail-able is a range of queries, mainly of interestto U.S. users, but still valuable (http: //office-update. microsoft.corn/exce!/Webquery/samp!es.htm).

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Web queries ln Excel 2000Web queries have been improvedin Excel 2000, which allows usersto choose how much of the tar-get Web page they want toretrieve and the type formatting.

To run a simple Web query,open a new worksheet and selectData, Get External Data, thenNew Web Query. Type the URLof the page you want to view orselect the Browse button to openyour browser so you can locatethe page on the Web. To retrievethe Yahoo! currency data, typehttp: //quote. yahoo.corn/m3?u.

Choose the part of the Webcei 2ppp P age you want — in this case

select One Or More Specific' Tables On The Page — and in the Enter TableName(s) or Number(s) Separated By Commasarea, type 4 , select the Full HTMLFormatting, then OK to run the query.

You can update your Excel 2000 queryanytime by placing your cell pointer insidethe Query area and selecting the Refresh but-ton from the toolbar.

In addition to getting only the infor-mation you want with Excel 2000, itmakes creating the Web query much sim-pler than in Excel 97 because you don' thave to create an external text f i le.However, working out the numbers of thetables you want on the page will be aprocess of trial and error. To edit the query(for example, to try another table number)select the Edit Query button on theExternal Data toolbar.

Lotus 1-2-3 Millenium EditionIf you' re using Lotus SmartSuite MillenniumEdition, you' ll find Lotus 1-2-3 makes quickwork of importing data from the Web. It' smuch simpler than doing it in Excel 97 andthe results are more presentable.

To import the Yahoo! currency data intoa Lotus 1-2-3 workbook, create a new blankworkbook and make sure you' re connectedto the Internet. Place the cell pointer in cellA1, select File, Internet, Get Data from Web,then type http: //quote. yahoo.corn/m3?u in theWeb Address (URL) area. Make sure theSelect The Sheet Location For The Web Tablereads A:Al, and select OK. Wait while Lotus1-2-3 accesses the Yahoo! site and retrievesthe data.

Lotus makes a neater presentation of thedata than Excel 97 and, in the bottom rightof the Web table area, it has a button with acircular arrow on it that will refresh yourdata when clicked anytime you' re online.

Lotus also has a Web Table menu, whichis visible on the menu bar when the Webtable is selected. If you select Web Table,then Web Table Properties, you can changesettings that relate to the Web table, includ-ing how often and under what circum-stances the query is refreshed (each time thefile is opened, or after specific periods oftime, for example).

Quattro Pro 9Corel Quattro Pro's Web queries are a multi-step process — you must first create thequery, then run it, and finally add the datato your file.

To create a Web query to extract dataRefresh All button on the External Data

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from the Yahoo! site, selectTools, Internet, Create WebQuery„and in the URLarea, typehitp//quote,yahoo.comlrm37u.

Click the Browse but-ton at the far right of theSave To area, select thedrive and folder to saveyour query to, give yourquery file a name (forexample, currency.iqy — itmust have the iqy exten-sion), and click Open (it's astrange choice, but that' show it works). When youreturn to the Create WebQuery dialogue, selectCreate to create yourquery. Lotus 1-2-3 hes ooe

To run your Web query,make sure you' re connected to the Internet,open a new notebook file, select cell A2,select Tools, Internet, then Run Web Query.Select the Web query file you created in theprevious step (currency.iqy), select Open, thechoose the Data tab, Select the ExistingNotebook option, and in the area below thisoption make sure the cell reference readsA:A2..A2. Select the Preview Web DocumentBefore Loading In The Notebook checkbox

' and click OK. Wait while Quattro Pro con-nects and downloads the data.

You will see a Web Query Preview dia-logue on the screen containing the datathat has been downloaded from Yahoo! Ifyou browse the data, you' ll see Quattro Prohas done some weird things with the col-

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umn headings for the main currencytable — each heading is in a different rowand U.S. currency data appears above thecolumn headings,

This makes it a little difficult to create aneat presentation, but i t can be done.Begin by stopping Quattro Pro fromrefreshing the data every 20 minutes, byselecting Link, disabling the Refresh Everycheckbox, and clicking OK. Then, in thepreview window, starting with the conver-sion data for the U.S. dollar, highlight itand all the data to the end of the table(including the messy headings) with yourmouse. The From data will read somethinglike A29..JS2 and the To data will readA:AZ..A2. Click OK.

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The data wi l l becopied into your work-sheet. Select the rows con-taining the messy head-ings by selecting the rownumbers at the left of thewindow, and select Edit,then Delete to removethem. Enter the columnheadings in Row 1 manu-ally, using the row head-ings as a guide (the rowheadings are in the sameorder as the column head-ings). You can then reusethese column headings infuture i f you save th isnotebook.

To run the query againIoto a werhsheet later, open this notebook

and delete the data inRow 2 through to the end of the currencytable by. selecting it, then choosing Edit,Clear, then Values. Now step through theentire process of running the Web query,making sure you have this notebook openand cell A2 selected. You' ll repeat the sameprocess as you did the first time you ranthe query, but this time the headings willalready be in place.

Using the dataOnce you' ve gathered data from the Web,you can use it in calculations in your work-sheet. For example, you can create your owncurrency conversion calculator using thedata you' ve imported. If, for example, theCanadian-to-U.S. dollar conversion figure is

A13 100C13 CdnSequals...E13 &13'E3613 USS

This will convert any figure you enterinto cell A13 from Canadian to U.S. dollarsand the result will appear in cell E13. Alterthe figure in cell A13 to convert differentCanadian dollar amounts into the U.S.equivalent.

Unfortunately, if you' re using QuattroPro, you"ll probably find it downloads yourdata as text rather than numbers, so you' llneed a different formula in cell E13. It mustfirst convert the data from the conversiontable into a number so you can multiply it, asyou can't multiply text data. This formulawill do the job:

hValue(E3)'A13

In Lotus the data will be in differentcells. If the Canadian-to-U.S. dollar conver-sion figure is in cell E14, and you' re enteringyour conversion formula into row 24(instead of row 13), then the formula in cellE24 should read:

in cell E3, enter these formulae in the cellsin row 13:

4'E14

Mere queriesThese examples are just the tip of the ice-berg of what is possible when combining

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Statement syntaxContinued from page 113

For now, here are five highlights:1. The breakpoint line is highlighted in the

familiar editor environ. You can set manybreakpoints.

2. You can step through the code line byline. The active line is highlighted in yel-low.

3. By moving the cursor over any variable,VB's debugger reports the variable's cur-rent value in a hint note.

4. There is a special debug toolbar thatallows you to trace, step into and out ofroutines, plus a whole range of specialdebug display options.

S. Finally, you can see the VB programform, using it to check that input andoutput works as expected.

This interactive debugging capability isone of the strengths of VB. Only Delphi andJava come close to VB in quickness and theease with which you can quickly set up andtest parts of program code. So as you learnVB, take advantage of its powerful debugger.

In the meantime, the program uses anif..else conditional. This type of conditionalstatement allows the user to check for one ofseveral conditions and specify actions to betaken for each condition. The program cur-rently checks for two values. if PV is input,then do a Present Value calculation; if FV,then do a Future Value calculation or a mes-sage box will issue a warning.

It is easy to add another such condition-al for an AN (annuity) 'calculation whenrequired. Conditionals are also called con-

Meanwhile, users should explore VB's debug-ger on some of the sample programs inBeginning Visual Basic 6 published by WROX(pages 113-173) or Visual Basic 6 Black Bookpublished by Coriolis (pages 36-96). CIJacques Surveyer is a consultant and writer. He canbe reached at http://www.inforamp.net/-jbsulv.

Crabbing Web dataContinued from page I 1 7

spreadsheets and the Web. Almost anydata from any site can be downloadedinto your spreadsheet package and, fromthere, used to make all sorts of calcula-tions and charts.

ProvisoAt the time of writing, this query workedwith the Yahoo! Web site and will contin-ue to work so long as the site remainsconstant. If the location of the onlinecurrency information or layout of thetable changes, then this query may fail ornot result in the same information beingrecovered.

This raises an inherent problem withqueries that you run on someone else' sWeb site — because you don't control thedata, its location or how it's displayed,you can't guarantee your query willalways work or recover the data youexpect. If you' re on a company intranet,you' ll have more control because you' llbe using queries to gather data frominternal corporate documents, 0

Next month I' ll look at more Web fea-tures in Excel and other spreadsheet packages,and how to get your data onto the Internet.Helen Bradley specializes in writing hands-ontutorials. Her columns appear regularly in anumber of publications in the U.S., the U.K.and Australia as well as The Computer Paper.Helen welcomes reader feedback athelenOhelenbradley.corn.

trol-flow statements because they control theflow of the program logic depending oninput values.

However, conditionals can become quitecomplex. Our next tutorial will show howthe Select Case statement helps to handlethese more c omplex c onditionals.

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By Helen Bradley

when preparing business or person-al documents, there are sometypographical choices you should

consider that can impact the look and read-ability of your work. In this month's QuickTips column, I' ll explain some key typogra-phy issues.

Capital letters: If you use capital lettersfor large blocks of text it looks like you' reYELLING AT YOUR READER. If you must usecapital letters, use your word processor'ssmall caps option instead. SMALL caps appearas cAtrrAL LEtTst5 but are about the size oflowercase letters and look much better.

Underline type: In the days of typewriters~ondetlinin was one oi the sew ways toemphasize text. Thankfully word processorsoffer a wealth of more attractive optionstoday, so avoid underlining text.

Bold type: If you use bold type to empha-size text in a paragraph, you' ll find it standsout on the page as a whole, drawing unwant-ed attention. Save bold type for headingswhere it works best, Within a paragraph, useitalics, Italicized text adds a more subtleetnphasis that still catches the reader's eye.

Use curly quotes: Straight quote marks (n")and apostrophes (') look less professional thancurly quotes ("") and apostrophes ('). Mostword processing packages allow you to selectcurly quote inarks (also called smart quotes)and will do the conversion for you. Checkyour manual or look up "quotes" in Help sec-tion. One proviso though, if you' re typing ina macro you must always use straight quotes.

Use single space after a punctuationsymbol: Punctuation marks l i ke t h ecomma, question mark and full stop shouldbe followed by only one space. If you usemore spaces, your page wiII appear to haveugly white patches when looked at as awhole.

Don't use spaces before punctuationsymbols: If you use a space in front of apunctuation symbol like a comma, full stopor a question mark, the text and punctuationmark could be split across a line break. Theresult looks very unprofessional.

Avoid spatting proper names andphone nunibers across two liines:Wherever necessary "stick" a person's firstname and surname together so they aren' tsplit by a line break. To do this, replace thespace between the names with a hard ornon-breaking space, which tell your wordprocessor not to split the line where thesetypes of spaces appear. In Word, useControl+Shift+Space for a hard space.

Avoid widows and orphans: A widow isthe last line of a paragraph that appears byitself at the top of a page or column. Anorphan is the first line of a paragraph thatappears by itself at the foot of a page or col-unm. Most word processing packages allowyou to control widows and orphans. InWord, select Format, Paragraph, Line andPage Breaks and select the Widow/OrphanControl check box.

Professional symbols: Two printer' sdashes, the em ( — ) and en dash (-), will giveyour work a more professional look. In any

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font an em dash is roughly the width ofthe capital letter M. The en dash is rough-ly the width of the capital letter N. Bothare generally wider than a hyphen. An emdash functions like brackets or commas,but highlights the parenthetical text morestrongly. An en dash is an alternative tothe word " to," fo r example, f rom1:00-2:00 p.m. In any Windows program,you can create these dashes by holdingthe Alt key as you type 0151 on thenumeric key pad for an em dash or 0150for an en dash.

Ellipsis: An ellipsis (...) is a series of threedots used to indicate words omitted from aquote or to indicate broken speech. You cancreate an ellipsis in any Windows program

by holding the Alt key as you type 0133 onthe numeric key pad.

Accents: Although your keyboard won' tgenerally contain accented characters youcan create them in any Windows program ifyou know the correct Alt-key combination.Alternately, copy and paste the charactersfrom the Windows Character Map applica-tion. To do this, select Start, Programs,Accessories (in Windows 98 select SystemTools), and Character' Map.' Click therequired symbol, and choose Select, thenCopy. Switch to your application and usePaste to add it to your document. 0

Helen Bradley can be contacted at helen©helen-bradiey.corn.

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ith the release of any major newsoftware, you can expect support-ing computer titles on store book-

shelves the day of the release. MicrosoftOffice 2000 has proven to be no exception.There has been a flood of Office 2000 bookssince its official launch. This is the first oftwo articles that will take a quick look at afew of the more than 100 Office 2000-relatedtitles currently available.

All of these books are BIG, which is notsurprising since the office suite itself iscomposed of no less than eight separateprograms: Word, E xcel , P owerPoint,Outlook, Access, Publisher, FrontPage andPhotoDraw. In fact, each of the book pub-lishers represented here also publishes in-depth titles on, each of the Office 2000applications. This all adds up to severalhundred titles available to an Office 2000.A daunting number, but the books exam-ined here are representative of what you' llfind at your local bookstore.

Arguably, the secret to a good Office 2000book is to cover each application to a depthsuited to the book's target user. Each title hasits own approach to the subject, tailored tothe skills and knowledge of particular users.Some books assume basic knowledge of pre-vious versions of Microsoft Office programs,while others don' t. Whatever the approach,chances are that you will be able to find abook best suited to your experience level andto your needs.

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ISBN: 0-7897-1871-5Softcover 650 pages 1999Price,: $29.95I have to admit a bias here, in that WoodyLeonhard has become one of my favoritecomputer book authors. He is playing to hisnatural strengths here as he is a long-timeexpert in Word and Excel (going back to thedark days of the DOS versions of each), andhas written extensively about these pro-grams in the past.

Because of his in-depth knowledge, heknows the quirks of each program betterthan most and is quick with pithy criticismsof particular features (sample quote: "Here' sanother lousy decision that was made foryou by the user-friendly folks at Microsoft,"referring to the adaptive menus feature thatappears in Office 2000 programs).

However, the Office 2000 part of the title"::, '::,-Tur'n tts:-:::pt)Sera:::ti 39-:~ : : :::; "„:::,"!:::;:,::, ' ' .',,vv«

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OCTOBER 1999 THE COMPUTER PAPER CREATER TORONTO EDITION www.tc .caI Bo O KS©depth you will get in this book is one of thereasons this title an Office 2000 bestseller. Itis best suited to the reader who probablyalready has some basic knowledge of theprograms discussed here (remember, justWord, Excel and PowerPoint), and relishesbeing led through all of the new features bya true, critical expert. It may not be foreveryone, but t hose who appreciateLeonhard's style will enjoy (yes, enjoy) read-ing this book.

Teach Yourself INlcrosoft Office 2000ln 24 MoursAuthor. Greg PerryPublisher: SameISBN: 0-872-31439-8Softcover 494 pages 1999Price: $29.95This book takes something of a direct teach-ing approach, with major subject areas bro-ken down into fairly easy-to-digest hourlysessions. In fact, 24 Hours dispenses with the

idea of chapters in favor of "hours," witheach segment leading to either anotherOffice 2000 program or to more advancedfeatures contained within a particular pro-gram.

Perhaps more than many other books thatprofess to be for beginners, 24 Hours is trulyaimed at the novice who will appredate the

is something o f a ' m isnomer — in factLeonhard really only looks at Word, Exceland PowerPoint in any depth, with one smallchapter devoted to tying them into theremaining Office 2000 programs. Also,Leonhard verges on being downright cur-mudgeonly rather than merely opinionat-ed — something that will definitely turn offreaders who simply want to know how to usea given program feature.

But there's no denying that the critical

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gradual step-by-step approach it takes. Newfeatures and concepts are introduced andexplained in the practical depth required for anew user to get working with a program.

Some "hours" may pass more quicklythan others, and the "advanced" topics tendto concentrate on the practical uses for someprograms — in short, most of them wouldonly be "advanced" for the true beginner.There are also a few holes to be found, suchas the section on FrontPage 2000 thatneglects to tell readers how to upload Webpages to the Internet.

A good book for true beginners who wantsome depth and like to learn on a regiment-ed schedule.

Office 2000 for Busy People

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A title like 0/Pce 2000 for Busy People leadsyou to wonder if there are any idle peopleabout who are likely to use Office 2000, butno matter. This is the smallest of the bookslooked at here, and also the most graphic-intensive. Brfsy People does not assume theuser has any prior knowledge of the Office

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THE COMPUTER PAPER GREATER TORONTO EDITION www.tc .ca OCTOBER 1999 ~ eooas gg

2000 applications, making it ideal for thebeginning user, It also uses what it calls FastForward sections at the beginning of eachchapter, making it easy to skip ahead.

Given its relatively small size, the empha-sis is more on providing illustrations andconcise text — both will appeal to those in areal hurry to learn the major features ofOffice 2000. One of the obvious drawbacks,however, is that there is less depth here thanin the other books reviewed.

There are also a few signs that this bookwas done in something of a hurry. Minus theillustrations, the introductory section, forexample, could apply equally well to the oldOffice 97, and the occasional Office 97 ele-ment masquerades as belonging to Office2000.

Despite these shortcomings, Busy Peopleis a good book for the beginner, thoughyou' ll need another book for more in-depth

SNee2011information.

The Essential Office 2000Author. Bill BruckPublisher. Prima TechISBN: 6-7615-1886-XSoftcovar 625 pages 1999Price: $41.95

I

Subtitled The Get-It-Done Tutorial, this booktakes a task-oriented approach, concentrat-ing on the most useful (and most used) fea-tures of each component that comprisesOffice 2000, It discards the feature-by-featureapproach seen in some of the other books,and instead looks at everyday situationsusing real-world examples.

fke Get-tt-oerre TrrterletBook

It focuses primarily on getting the mostout of Word and Excel, although it doesdevote several chapters to the other pro-grams, However, it arguably takes a longerlook at Office 2000's "lesser" programs (suchas PhotoDraw and Publisher) in more depththan the books reviewed above.

Essential Office 2000 has plenty of hands-on learning tutorials. Readers are expected tofollow along with the many examples pro-vided, which designed to drive home how touse key features in each program.Emphasizing the practical nature of the top-ics covered, it is the only title here to discuss 'in any depth how to install the suite andhow to troubleshoot once it's running. Theother books assume it is already installed,which in many cases (especially for thehome user) may not be true.

This book may not be as colorful as theothers, but if you prefer a practical, hands-on approach, this may be the book foryou. 0

Next time; Part II of this roundup wIII includeOffice 2000 Made Easy, Office 2000: The CompleteReference, Teach Yourself Microsoft Office 2000in21 Days and Peter Norton's Complete Guide toMicrosoft Office 2000.

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Study says women click ads more than menRESIN, Va. (NB) — Remote control-hogging men, take note: when it comes to clicking on Web site banner ads, women are more trig-ger-happy than men, according to a new U.S. study by PC Data.

Just over SO percent of the women asked said they "occasionally" click on a Web ad banner, while 43 percent of men said they didthe same, PC Data statistics showed. Almost 40 percent of men and 29 percent of women said they "seldom" click on ads.

Sean Wargo, Internet research analyst at PC Data Online, said he was surprised by the results. He did, however, note that, "in thetypical household, the women are the main shoppers, So they might be more inclined to click on an ad."

The study was conducted over two days in early August, and queried 1,479 males and 1,333 females. The margin of error was plusor minus 1.8 percent. The sample was balanced by age and gender to represent the U.S. Internet users as a whole, Wargo said.

The study revealed that animated ads were the most preferred by men and women at 70 percent, followed by non-animated ads at23 percent and pop-up ads at seven percent.

While pop-up videos may be popular on cable TV, pop-up ads on the Internet are the least favored by both sexes — only six percentof men and eight percent of woinen like the particular format.

Why do people click? PC Data said 61 percent of the respondents cited curiosity about the ad's subject as their primary motivator,as opposed to discounts or familiarity with the product (each garnering only a 10 percent response in the primary motivation category.Women are more motivated than men by curiosity, PC Data also found,

"Although people enjoy animated ads, it is not the graphic content alone that makes them click through. Instead, the generalintrigue or pull of the ad gets the user to click," Wargo said. "Highly targeted ads that employ animation are frequently the real win-

About half of both men and women rely on Internet ads as a source of information about new Web sites, according to the study.People depend on Internet the most for discovering new Web sites, followed closely by the recommendations of friends and colleagues.Web ads were the third most popular source of finding new sites.

The respondents came from a panel of 50,000 to SS,000 Internet users PC Data recruited from the online environment. 0

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OCTOBER 1999 THE COMPUTER PAPER GREATER TORONTO EDITION www.tc .cagee INAC ARENA 4

aS1 1Sa ree ac emu ator

By Graeme Bennetteeerrtue tttrrtem I

asilisk II is a Mac emulator for Amiga,BeOS, Linux and Windows 9x or NTplatforms that has been released as

open source software. In other words, it' savailable for free, and people have ported itto platforms other than that for which itsauthor, Christian Bauer, originally wrote it.

While Basilisk II(hitp://basiiisk2.cjb.net/}isfree, there is a catch. Because this emulatorrequires the use of copyrighted Mac ROMcode, you have to find a 68030- or Q40-basedMac and run a program (supplied in theWindows version we tested) that downloadsits ROM image onto a disk. If you' re doingthis, we'd recommend going for a ROMimage from a Quadra 900 or another modelwith a 1 MB ROM. Legally, you are supposedto own the Mac ROM you make use of.

We' ve found that the clean, 32-bit, I MBROM from a Quadra solves a problem thatmany Basilisk users have noticed: With someROM versions, the emulator doesn't preserveEtherTalk settings after the emulator isrebooted. With this ROM, however, it worksas expected.

Fortunately, extracting a ROM image

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from a Mac is by far the most complicatedpart of the setup procedure, The rest of theprocess involves either finding a pre-exist-ing Mac hard-disk image (Apple distributesversions as recent as 7,5.3 on its Web site,and we found several other releases bysearching the Web), or making a mock harddisk imageon your hard drive and bootingfrom a Mac OS disc (or a set of suitable flop-py disks if you' re a masochist) and installingthe OS onto the drive. Then, away you go,with a color Mac that is pleasantly fast onany of today's speedier Pentium, Pentium IIor III-class machines, In our tests of aCeleron-based PC clocked at 450 MHz,Basilisk II is, subjectively, as fast as (if notfaster than) any pre-G3-era Mac in perform-ing most tasks.

OS cornpatibllltyWe foundsystems 7.5.5 through 7,6.1 to bethe best OS versions on which to run BasiliskIL System 8 runs but the Finder crashes whenfile copies are attempted. (Replacing the

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Finder with the one from System 7.6.1 pro-vides a workaround.)

Application compatibility is very good,within the limitations of its 68020/68030emulation. Recent Basilisk II updates (build90 is the newest, and we found build 87 to bethe most stable under Windows 98 if net-working support is required) have added sup-port for color, CD-ROM drives, Ethernet andFPU support. Sound is supported in a limitedfashion — enough for QuickTime sound-tracks, windowshade sound effects, speechsynthesis and system sounds.

Corel WordPerfect Enhancement Pack3.5 — a fully functional version of a very niceword processor for the Mac that can bedownloaded for free — runs like a charm,with screen redraw speeds comparable to atypical Windows word processor. AdobePhotoshop and its many plug-ins ran with-out difflculty, albeit more slowly than thenative Windows version of this processor-intensive application.

Although Basilisk ll provides basic float-

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own oddities. Around the thne system 7.6came out, Apple transitioned its networhngarchitecture to a new system it called OpenTransport (OT). The company developedsome, of its MacOS releases of the thne toautomatically switch on OT and disable"dassic networking" on certain machines-adetermination, it turns out, that was basedon the CPU in the machine. Thus, if youenable 68030 emulation and FPU support inBasilisk H's graphical user interface control

panel, it will turn off and hide the Mac's net-work and MacTCP control panels. Thus, set-ting Basilisk H to 020 mode is the easiest-wayto ensure amess to dassic (MacTCP) net-working. (An Apple program caHed NetworkSoftware Selector is also available that will letyou switch between dassic and OT network-ing. See htlpy/help.ibm.net/dialers/mac/misc/nat-workt.html for details.)

Note that the Quadru ROM we recom-mend takes quite a bit longer at the initial,

pre-boot, blank screen than some of theother ROM images out there, but give it ISseconds or so and it will start. On theWindows platform, we recommend usingBasilisk H build 87 due to documentedEtherTalk crash issues in builds 89 and 90.

One interesting aspect is the emulatedMac's ability to access a Web server runningsimultaneously on the Windows side of thePC. After installing and configuring aWindows Web server, just type the PC's IP

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address (you can find this by typing "IPCON-FIG" into a DOS box) into the Mac's Webbrowser and it shows up on the Mac side-neat! We found it useful to have a backup ofthe Mac system drive handy — you' re likely tonuke the system a few times during initialconfiguration and testing.

Other complaints? Sure„ there are a few.There's currently no support for alert soundsother than the basic system beeps, and play-

. ing QuickTime MIDI or sound files occasion-ally locks up the emulator, requiring an Alt-F4 exit back to Windows. (Setting the screento use the DirectX display driver and 8-bitcolor seems to fix this problem.) We alsofound that attempting to enable File Sharingon a machine running Basilisk sometimesresulted in crashes. Audio CD support is pro-vided only on machines running WindowsNT. As well, non-Mac 509660 and Joliet CD-ROM discs can't currently be read with thesupplied CD driver (although the CD-ROMdriver supplied with Mac OS 7.6 makes themvisible, at least.) We also had no luck at read-ing CD-RW discs, even after adding Adaptec'sUDF Reader software.

FPU performance, whether through theprogram's built-in emulation or via SoftwareFPU, was the weakest area of performance.

Overall, though, we are blown away byhow fast, full-featured and stable Basilisk IIis. It's worth a little Mac ROM hunting. 0

A good suutue of utilities for those attempting Macemulation is: htlpd/www.geucihss.corn/SiliconVagsy/Bit/4811/EmulatsMac.htnrfutilsUpdating Support Skills from MS

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quality of life. It provides a windowinto the world of fictional literature,

allows you to understand manuals on howto install your VCR or a new hard drive, andhelps you decipher labels on cans, jars andpill bottles. It frees you from having to takesomeone else's word for it. Small wonderthen that parents put so much emphasis onteaching children to read at a young age.

Early readersAnd not to be left out, software ncompanies have rewarded us:with enough pre-reading, learn- :

to-read and reading practiceprograms to fill the trunk of alarge ear. Indeed, multimediaCD-ROMs that offer feedbackand adjust to the learner's read-ing level have been one of thebest written «nd produced soft-ware categories on the market.

The best of these is ReaderRabbit's Complete Leam to ReadSystem and its predecessors,Reader Rabbi t In t e ractiveReading Journey I and II. They-are all careful, detailed skill -building titles with handswn flash cards,workbooks and printed storybooks, andbacked by extensive educational research.

Any one of these titles from the LearningCompany (htip://www.learningco.corn) could bethe single most important piece of softwareparents buy for pre- or early readers. ReaderRabbit's Complete Learn to Read System isavailable for approximately $100.

Beyond early readersBut early ~eaders are just the tip of the ice-

L iteracy does more than improve the

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simple. These people avoided situationswhere reading was necessary, In the firstInternational Adult Literacy Srrrvey in 1994, inwhich Canada was a participant, readinghabits such as reading books, magazines ornewspapers had a strong positive correlationwith the level of reading skills.

Online resourcesMy favorite place, the World Wide Web,abounds with resources for people with read-

berg. The need for literacy to read, write andcompute also entangles those with readingproblems such as dyslexia or attention deficitdisorder, immigrants needing to leam a sec-ond language, and those who failed toachieve a functional level of l i teracy forwhatever reason.

The Statistics Canada 1989 Srrrvey ofLiteracy Skills Used in Daily Activities foundthat 14 percent of Canadians either couldnot read or had difficulty reading commonreading materials. Another 22 percent couldread if the materials and tasks involved were

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ing problems, those who want to improvetheir reading, or organizations involved inliteracy.

R eading i s Fun damental In c .(hltp J/www.si,edu/rif), provides tips on how toget children to read as well as downloadablereports on literacy topics for educators,

Pizza Hut sponsors a National ReadingIncentive Program called Bookit! (blip J/www.bookltcanada.corn) each year in both Englishand French.

BookAdventure (hltp;//www.bookadventure.org) is sponsored by the SylvanLearning Foundation. The idea o: ; —;. ~~is to use computers to encouragekids to read. The site has a list ofmore than 3,000 books kidsfrom Grade I through highschool can select and obtainfrom their local library.

After kids have read a bookoffline, a quiz on the book isavailable online. So why wouldany child want to go to all this

rewarded with points, which canbe used to "purchase" prizes suchas magic tricks and games. It's likePavlov's dog theory applied toreading — and it works. Individualprogress reports are available for teachers.

The largest number of books are at theGrade 3 and 4 levels because Sylvan believesthese are the critical .years. If children can' tread well and comfortably by the time theyreach Grade 5„ they may be in for trouble,according to Sylvan.

Another Canadian site is the InternetReading Club (hlip://www.englishpractice.corn),This one is particularly useful for English as asecond language readers. There is a test ofEnglish proficiency and online novels withhomework that changes weekly. It also has asearchable online dictionary. Other sectionsinclude business and travel reading compre-hension exercises and games for early readersaround Kindergarten level.

Teens can find reviews of novels relatingto teenage "concerns" called Angst Books athtlp://www,grouchy.corn/angslbooks.html. Becauseof their themes, these books will not all besuitable to every taste. The site, however,encourages kids to discuss the books andreviews with the site author.

Most of the sites noted are for Englishreading. Students and teachers who needmore practice or more resources for Frenchshould try The Reading/Listening Page(www.geocities.corn/College Park/Classroom/7633/F

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Reasissg disabilitiesParents whose kids have reading disabilitiesshould have a l ook a t t h e n on-profitLearning Disabilities Association of Canada'ssite (httpJ/educ.queensu.ce/-lda), where theyran find "fact sheets" of useful information,such «s the characteristics of children withlearning disorders, how to motivate them,

and how to teach dysiexic students.Parents can download a copy of Bridges to

Reading, which contains strategies for copingwith reading problems, from the SchwabFoundation for Learning site (htlp://www.schw-«blearning.org). The site also has a bulletinboard for parents, a resource search engineand links to publications. Q

Regional litecacy sites:

Prince Edward Island Literacy Alliance:httq:/lwww.nald.ca/peiia.himNew BrunswickLaubach Literacy New Brunswick:www.naid.ca/llnb.htmOntarioOntano Readmg Association:http: I/www.tdsb.on.ca/netso/ore/toc.htmlManitobaLiteracy Partners of Manitoba:htip://www.nald.ca/litp man.htmSaskatchewanSaskatchewan Reading Council:http: //www.sff.sk.ca/ps/sso/src/index. htmlBritish ColumbiaChildren.and Adults with AttentionDeficit/Hyperactivity Disorder contains a link to the8.0. chapter. http J/www.chadd.org

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UCOWS has just launched the newestmember of its network, the TUCOWSMusic site. Point your browser to

http: //music.tucows.corn to download greatmusic by independent musicians fromaround the world. Indie artists — and we' retalking about the real thing here, not yourlocal garage band — make some. of the fresh-est and highest quality music around, but it' shard to find outside a band's home city, withthe selection at most CD stores being meagre

The music itself is provided in an audiofile format known as MP3. MP3 is an abbre-viation for MPEG-1 Layer 3, and is capableof compressing files to as little as 10 percentof their original size, with no noticeable lossin sound quality. A CD-quality audio filetakes 11 MB of storage space for everyminute of music in a standard (WAV) audiofile, but with MP3 it can be compressed to alittle 'over 1 MB per minute. So while a reg-ular WAV song may need 35 to 40 MB ofstorage space, an MP3 version would be amere 3 to 4 MB, which is far easier to play

c Ice

Version: 3.5.3502Revision date: July 27,1999Size: 480.2 KBLicence type: SharewareCost: $20Evaluation period: unlimitedHome page:http J/www.synthesoff.corn/cdspro/cdspro.htmAlso available: Windows NT versionCD/Spectrum Pro is a very cool, easy to useand powerful MP3 and CD player. If you canuse a home stereo system, you can useCD/Spectrum Pro. With a graphical spec-trum analyzer, CDDB (CD DataBase) access,play-list capabilities, a mixer, and a visualswindow, you' ll have fun playing yourfavorite tunes. You can also use any of thecomponents individually. In other words, ifyou don't like the spectrum analyzer, youcan close it and use only the MP3 player, orthe other way around.

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Version: 1.25Revision date: July 6, 1999Size: 3.1 MBLicence type: SharewareCost: 839.95Home page: htlp//www.axle%of.cornAlso available: Windows NT versionM-Base is an MP3 player and file organizer. If.you need to catalogue MP3 files, M-Base

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Also available: Windows NT versionSonique offers an eyemtching control panel,while providing numerous options and con-figurations such as increasing or decreasingtempo,. an equalizer, balance control, andmore. Sonique supports Internet audiostreaming, and graphical overlays, or "skins"NVinamp skins are not compatible, however)that customize the look of the player.

lTse Pulse

might be the program for you. You can use itto sort MP3s into a database and play themdirectly from the database, add comments totracks, define up to 64 categories and orga-nize your tracks into these categories, playselected categories, shuffle play tracks, andmuch more.

Sonique

Version: 1.05Revision date: July 2, 1999Size: 2.4 MBLicence type: FreewareHome page: htlp J/www.sonique.corn

Licence type: FreewareHome page: http: //mp3.musichae.cz/PulseAlso available: Windows NT versionThe Pulse is an MP3 player with anintriguing interface and a lot of features.The component-based system allows newfeatures to be added by simply draggingthem over the player with your mouse,and releasing tliem. The Pulse can mixfour different audio streams, so you canlisten to your MP3 files and still hear WAVaudio alerts. The Pulse supports Winampskins, and about 20 different file formats,in addition to MP3.

Wlnamp

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Version: 2.24Revision date: July 13, 1999Size: 1.2 MBLicence type: SharewareCost: $10Evaluation period: 14 DaysHome page: htip://www.winamp.cornAlso available: Windows NT versionIf imitation is the sincerest form of flattery,then the makers of Winamp must be veryflattered, because just about every other MP3player out there is trying to be like Winamp.It includes a spectrum analyzer, graphicequalizer, playlists, and more. It also has aninterface that's as easy to use as a home

TUCOWS All Macintosh Web site athiip J/www.allmacintosh.corn/.

MacAMP

Version: 1.0PERevision date: July 18, 1999Size: 2.83 MBLicence type: FreewareHome page: hitpy/www.macamp.net/MacAMP is an audio player for MP2 andMP3 files. MacAMP alsb supports Internetstreaming audio. You can customize thelook with skins, which can modify notonly the colors of the player, but the lay-out itself. MacAMP's Auto-Sleep featurecan quit the program, and even shutdown your computer after a specifiedlength of time.

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Version 10Revision date: July 25, 1999Size: 4,386,625Licence type: DemoHome page:http: //www.soundjam.corn/ov/index. htmlSoundJam MP is a highly configurableMP3 player, with built-in Internet accessto catalogue your music. It supports CDs,AIFF, QuickTime and WAV formats, andInternet streaming audio. SoundJam MPincludes a built-in encoder for creatingyour own MP3 files from CD, or otheraudio files. Its skins let you change thelook of the player.

Downloader bewareMP3 afficionados should be aware that alot of music available on the Internet ispirated and that the artists who create themusic are the biggest losers when copy-rights are infringed. At TUCOWS Music,however, all of the songs are licensed bythe artists themselves. So grab a player foryour s ystem, and head tohttp: //music.tucows.corn and listen to thebest free music in the world.

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eavin o u r own e sit e : a r tAn in-depth look at Cascading Style Sheets: Part 8

I

onscreen.

By Kelth Schenglli-Roberts

n this artide, we continue with our alpha-betical tour of Cascading Style Sheet (CSS)attributes by looking at the MARGIN and

PADDING sets of CSS properties. Both the MAR-GIN and PADDING sets of properties belong tothe box set of properties, along with otherelements we have already looked at in thisseries like BORDER, CLEAR, FLOAT and HEIGHT.All of these properties refer to the spacing,placement or size of elements that appear

The family name aboxa is derived fromthe fact that all of these properties aredesigned to work with block-level elements.Block-level elements are tags, like <H1>, thatalways begin and end a line of text — unlike aheader tag, like <B>, that you would neverput within a paragraph of text, for example.

The space the block-level tag occupies isnecessarily rectangular (since it is on a lineby itself), which is how it got the nameabox.a The box family of properties are usedfor placing and positioning the HTML tagsthey are associated with. The box family isthe largest CSS family, made up of 28 sepa-rate properties. While this sounds impres-sive, the majority of properties are only aslight variation on a formatting theme. This

is particularly so for MARGIN and PADDING.Earlier in this series we looked at the BOR-

DER set of properties in detail. The BORDER setof properties consists of BORDER, BORDER-BOTTOM, BORDER-TOP, BORDER-RIGHT andBORDER-LEFT. All of these properties share thesame attributes, and the BORDER property isconsidered a "shorthand" property, designedto allow the Web author to specify attributesbelonging to asub-properties.a

Following the same pattern, the MARGINset of properties is comprised of the sub-properties MARGIN-BOTTOM, MARGIN-TOP,MARGIN-LEFT, MARGIN-RIGHT and the all-pur-pose MARGIN. The PADDING set of propertiesconsists of PADDING, PADDING-BOTTOM,PADDING-TOP, PADDING-LEFT, and PADDING-RIGHT. All of these sets work in similar waysand complement each other in terms offunction.

MARGIN, BORDER and PADDING are used toset the placement of elements on a Web pageand each is designed to work with the otherif present. MARGIN values set the distancebetween the edge of the browser window andany BORDER value that may be specifiedaround the text or images on a Web page.PADDING, in turn, separates the text from theborder. In essence, what you get is a bunch ofconcentric boxes, one fitting neatly inside

the other. For an example of this, try viewingthe following code in your browser:

<BODY STYLE="MARGIN: 2IN'><H1 STYLE="BORDER-STYLE: SOLID; PADDING:1IN'>Header Surrounded by a BORDER</H1 ><r BODY>

(This code works best in InternetExplorer, which is capable of displaying theBORDER). In this code example, a MARGINvalue has been added to the body of theWeb page, putting a thick 2-inch margin toall four sides of the browser window. Thetext contained in the level-one header issurrounded by a solid BORDER and is offset

Does size matter? ~d I.

from it on all four sides by I inch.The best way to make the distinction

between MARGIN and PADDING is to think ofMARGIN as it is used in a word processor — it isused to offset the text from the edges of thepage. PADDING would then be any extra spacethat you would indent your text in from themargin of the page.

All of the MARGIN and PADDING propertiescan take one of either two values: a percent-age value of the element's width or a morestraightforward unit of measurement value.MARGIN-BOTTOM and PADDING-BOTTOM areused to space one element from another onthe bottom. MARGIN-TOP and PADDING-TOP do

Continued on page 140

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By Keith Schenglli-Roberts

undreds of movies are released everyyear. Some do well, some not. Butonly a very few capture the hearts

and minds of their audience, and inspireviewers to leam more about their favoritemovie. The Web has become the forumwhere fans can meet and share informa-tion — often in incredible detail. Here is a list-ing of 10 such cult movie-inspired. sites:

1. Tony Cillliam's Brazil • Brazil was a

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2. The Psycho home page • Psycho isprobably the most famous of director AlfredHitchcock's many movies, and undoubted-ly one of the creepiest ever made. At thissite you can leam more about the cast, findtrivia surrounding the making of themovie, read essays about the movie andeven visit a 3D VRML "museum."hitp://www.geocities.corn/Holywood/1645/index. html

3. Official Rochy Horror Picture ShowWeb.site • Get out your toast and get

ssi 4 W 4 lt ' 'a'".4 e W a w 4

4. The Star Wars database • There aremyriad Web sites devoted to Star Wars,but this is one of the most thorough andexhaustive you are likely to find. It hasplenty of information, including bloop-ers from The Phantom Menace, rumorsabout what will happen in the nextinstallment, plus areas devoted to fan fic-tion and reviews of the latest Star Wars-related books.http://www.swdatabase.corn

S. Jim's Wizard of Oz site • Definitely

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movie by ex-Monty Python member TerryGilliam. Almost never released, when itdid hit the screens it became a favorite ofcritics and created a cult following. Thisfan-based Web site contains an exhaus-tive FAQ, a copy of the script, plus anumber of multimedia clips and soundsfrom the movie.http//www.trond.corn/brazil

the place to go if you are looking forinformation about this film, arguably thefirst f ilm t o a chieve cult status,Exhaustive isn't the word to describe theinfo you' ll find here. Digging deep willreveal plenty of behind-the-scenes infoabout this childhood favorite.htlpl/www.gen cities.corn/Hollywood/Higs/6396/oz page.htm

ready to boogie to the Time Warp at theofficial Web site devoted to The RockyHorror Picture Show. Join the fan club,read the original production notes, learnabout the actors, and, of course, purchasemovie-related merchandise.http:I/www,rockyhorror corn

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6. Iarry's temple of Cotixllla • Th ispage has been around since 1995, andcontains lots o f i n formation aboutGodzilta, his foes and tones of informa-tion about the myriad Godzilla movies, Italso inciudes a quiz, PA@, sounds,images, video clips and much more.hiip://www.stomptokyo.corn/godzi1latempie

7. Planet of the Apes: TheForhieiden Zone • This fan-based sitehas all the information you could everhope to find on The Planet of the Apesseries of movies, plus related books, theTV series and the animated series. Aphoto gallery and sound clips will keepdie-hard fans interested. There are also

updates on a possible remake of thefilm.http://members.xoom.corn/planefofapes/index. html

8. Allen Legacjr • A slick-looking, image-heavy fan-based site that looks at all fourmovies in the Alien saga. It has plenty ofbackground info on the Alien creature,reviews of the movies, and a took at thevideo games accompanying the release ofthe movies. There's «iso informationabout scenes that didn't make the finalcut, related books and more,htip://www.cse.unl.edu/-jraises/aliens/malien.htm

Continued en page N4

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ATTENTION USER GROUPS: Send in your lisgng (maximum 120 characters) for the November issue by Monday, September 27, 1999.Submissions run for one month only in the local edition. The Computer Paper reserves th'e right not to print submissions which are deemedunsuitable.ALPHA/NT USERS, a forum for DecAlphaand WindowsNT. "Only speed freaks needapply.' Contact cromezulu@lglobal.corn,voice (416) 568-4087.CAMBRIDGE CLONE CLUB meets every3rd Wednesday evening, 1111 Lang'sCircle, Cambridge ON, N3H SE6 or e-mailWALKER@pgg.mcdermottcom.CLUB CUBASE, a forum for Steinbergusers, meets the last Monday of eachmonth at Trebas Institute, 410 Dundas StE at 7:30 pm. Call (416) 789-7100.CLUB MAC menus at 7 p.m. On The SecondTuesday Of every month at 488 Dupont Stat Bathurst). For Details of The Nexteegng, Call The 24 Hr. Info Line at (416)462-1702 Or Visit Our First Class BBS At

(416) 462-2922 or our Website Atwww.cmac.org/c mac.COMPUTER TRAINERS' NETWORK meetsthe first Thursday of each month to dis-cuss training/technology issues at MetroHall, 55 John St.. Look us up at ww.ctnet-woll4org.HAMILTON PC USER GROUP meets lastMonday of each mth OHamilton Spectator7:00 Plig www.hwcn.org/link/hpcug.H.U.G. (Hamilton PC Users Group) - IBMand PC clone users meet on the lastMonday of each month in the auditoriumof the Hamilton Spectator, ¹4 Frid Street at7:00pm. For furlher info contact JimRennie (905) 6394771 or E-mail atjim.rennie@freenethamilton.on.ca.IRMAC (Information Resource Manage-ment Association of Canada) offers meet-ings on issuesconcerning Data Ware-house, Modelling, Information Planningetc. www.lRMAC.ca or via info©IRMAC.caKAWARTHANET USER GROUP. Primarilyconcerned with helping each other to getthe most out of the Internet. Write to POBox 183, Bobcaygeon ON, KDM 1AO; Call705-7384578; Email tonycokawarthanetLOGIC, Toronto's oldest Apple User Group

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meets at N.TM.C.C.200 Eglinton Ave.Weston1st+3rd Tuesday 7.30pm e 4th Sunday1pm of the month. www.logicbbs.orgNIAGARA COMPUTER CLUB- Cy LeonardThe president and Bob Dutru a member ofthe Toronto branch of the CanAm club.Meet every Saturdaymorning at Cy'shouse. Lookln9 for people to join fromToronto, currently our group now varies18-25 members to swap computer ideas,tips and generally have a good time. NOCharge! Ag you have to do is pay for yourbreakfast when we line up a place to holdour meetings. Please email bobdutru@idi-recLcom.N.Y.S.E. • NEWMARKET YORK SIMCOEEXCHANGE — Investment Club meetingmonthly in Newmarket, discuss trends,ideas and investment strategies. ContactSteve (905) 953-2501 pagetNcanadacom.PERSONAL COMPUTER CLUB OF TORON-TO (PCCT) meets 3rd Tuesday of eachmonth at 7pm, North York MemorialCommunity Hall, 51 10 Yonge St, one floorbelow the Central Library. $5 Ior non-members. Call (416) 6334971. BBS (416)636-6394.SOCIETY OF INTERNET PROFESSIONALS(SIP) httpi/www.netpro.org Networkingparty at Vineyards Lounge, ground floorMetro Hall, King a John Sts., 6-9pm.RSVP would be appreciated; please sendan e-mag message with your name andcompany to founderonetpro.org.TAF (Toronto Atari Federation) meets 3rdWednesday of each month betweenSeptember and June in the Rose Room ofthe North York City Centre underneath theCentral Library, at the North York subwaystop. The meetings are held from 6:30 pmto 10:30 pm TAFs mail address is suite1402, 45 Grenoble Drive, Don Migs,Toronto, Ontario, M3C 1C4, and our eMailaddress is dave.iee@taf/fin.org TAF's BBS

TAF's Web Page can be found athttp: //www.interlog.corn/-schrist/tafApril's meeting will be looking at emula-tion, MAC's, PC's and-Atari's!THE MISSISSAUGA COMPUTER CLUBmeets the first Wednesday of every monthat the Bumhamthorpe Community Center,1MD Gugeden Dr. 1 block east of Dixie andone block south of Bumhamthorpe, at7:30pm, for more information see our webpage at httpi/welcome.to/tmcc, or emailat tmcc@idirect.ca, you may also use thefree BBS at (905)8404)595.THE TORONTO ACT! USER GROUP. Formore information e-maik vickiv@pass-port.ca Call: (416) 761-1963 or Fax: (416)761-1 530.IT-IS TOASTMASTERS meets everyTuesday, 6:15pm, Manulife Building, SydJackson Theater. 200 Bloor St. East,Toronto. The IT-IS Toastmasters is a non-profit club for technology indusby workerswho want to improve their speaking, lis-tening, communication and leadership-skills. Check the web site for locationchanges and more information. www.amegory.corn/toastmasters.TORONTO CYBERSPACE LIONS CLUB.World's 1st Internet Service Club. Multi-cultural membership, interested in com-munity-service projects. Meetings in per-son and on IRC. Educational meetings.$75. annual fees. Contact: Roger Roberts,416-515-9324, email roarocyberlions.corn, visit www.cyberlions.corn.TORONTO OS/2 USER'S GROUP meets2nd Thursday of each month, 7-10pm,IBM Canada Building, 3600 Steeles Ave Ein the auditorium. Free. Call (416) 299-3410. E-mail: to2©io.org wwtschttpy/pttww.io.org/-to2.OTTAWA SAS USERS GROUP (OSUG),Contact Winfried Jakob@ 613-231-8503ext 236, Infoline: 613-231-9503. ext 6787,fate 613-231-8526 Attention: OSUG,email:osugocan.sas.corn. Meetings: callInfoline for announcements.

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ROOKSChapters ...,..„...„.„,.......,......„...,........,...125Cybercity ...,..„...................................127Firefly Books Ltd............................,....126PC Mania.....,....,.............,.......................129Toronto Computer Books ................127U of T bookstore„,...........,..CAREERS RTRAININ63d Micro...............„.....„...,......CanNET Technologies.........Career glazers.....................................I23CICT Canadian Institute of,......,.„.,123Compuhelp Institute..........,.....,....„...118Cornputek ...,.„...........,....,..............,........121Dynamic Computer Associates ......119

122122

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Maverick Solutions........................122MICROHARD,....,...,.„,....,........,.....119, 124Northern Computing Technology...120

Orchard Systems ..........................122Red River College................................118SAIT,...,...„......„...........„..„..„...........,...„..142Toronto Image Works...„....„.„.....,.„120Toronto School Of Business.....„,....118Trainsoft „.......,.„...................„................117Trios Training Centres .....................120Unicorn Information Systems..........121Xincon Computer Institute...,......„„118CD-ROMCD CreationDisc MasterMultimedia Relication Canada.......141Pinnacle Computers.................,........141Punch Media....,....EVENTSComputerFest 99HARDWARE r SOFTWARE2000 Computers ...,.„...,........,.............1352000's Technologies...,..............,..........183P Computer & Network Canada ....134A.C. Tech Computers,....„.„,....,.......,..89Aardvark Interactive............................97ABC Computer,..........,.....,........,.....,61ACC Maxsystem ...........,........,...,........86ACM Computer System Ltd............105Addtronic ...................................., .......!AOAdvanced Computer ...............,.....106Advantage ......„...,........................,.........133Alliance Compuware ......,....................74Alpha ComputerConnection....„....40Apex Computer ....,....„,.„............„......138Artie Computer Distribution............85

.....102...,.104......112........12......136........91....,.135

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l5 miautes? Longer'? Andonce you f inally gotthrough to the agent, wasthat one person able toresolve all your problems?Were you put on hold againor transferred to anotherdepartment? At ComnetCommunications we equip

aN of our customer care agents with the skillsand tools necessary to answer all of yourquestions, from billing to technical support, inene call, and without being transferred todifferent departments; our agent will help you6om the begiaaing to the ead of your calL Noinore waiting days for callbacks or answers tosimple questions and problems. We understandthat your preblems are our top priority.Did your last provider take the thne tecontact you after your signup to see if you hadany questions or problems getting started?

At Comnet Communications we want to beabsolutely sure that you are getting the most outof your Internet service. During the first fewdays of your signup, we will take an active rolein ensuring you get up and running quickly andeasily. Call us about anything! Talk to anexperienced agent who isn't simply readinggeneric solutioas 6om a script. Our customercare agents are trained to know aN about theInteract, not jest the soaware package thatComnet provides for you. As your provider, wefeel it's our responsibility to also act as yourguide, and as an experienced resource for all ofyour online needs.

W e believe you should have the choice.The laternet is all about discovery, aad learning.Comnet Communications wants to help youalong during that journey, and we realize that asour customers explore the internet, and becomemore experienced, they want to tiy newprograms and tools. Comnet Communications'customer care agents will provide assistance onmost of yow favorite Internet applications,even if they were not provided by ComnetCoaununications.

Our agents are trained to use a wide variety ofInternet applications, so if you' re morecomfortable using your software instead ofours, feel free to do so. We won*t leave you in abind to figure out a problem on your own even ifyou' re not using our soaware. Our agent willresearch your problem or question and help to6nd a solution for you every time.

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By Jeff Evans

e summer of 1999 was notable for a sharpening of thepace and the level of nastiness in the war between AmericaOnline and Mcrosoft, mainly over the rapidly growing

instant-messaging market The two Internet giants, which hadworked together reasonably dosely and productively in the earlydays of the Internet boom, are now at each other's throats.

The overall cause of the bad blood is AOL's acquisition ofNetscape, which overnighttumed it from a sometimeMicrosoft ally into a full-time foe. The immediate flashpointthis summer, however, was the sudden emergence of instantmessaging as the Internet's Next Big Thing.

AOL daims 40 million real or potential users of its InstantMessenger service. Right now, AOL owns instant messaging,and it intends to keep it. Microsoft, not wanting to be left outof an exponentially expanding market, wants in.

Mcrosoft is daiming to be battling against AOL's attempt-ed "monopoly" on instant messaging by offering its own com-peting instant-messaging solution. Given the complaints ofmonopolistic behavior that resulted in the investigation andcurrent prosecution of Microsoft by the U.S. Department ofJustice, any attempt by the company to portray itself as a trust-buster on the Internet should seem laughable. Yet Mcrosoftcan in this instance make a reasonable case that where instantmessaging is concerned, it is on the side of the angels.

Microsoft has declared it is willing to make its owninstant-messaging software available as an open source spec-ification that third parties could eventually customize anduse. Microsoft is collaborating with the Internet standardscommittee, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) — one

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of whose working groups is responsible for establishing a sin-gle, open standard for instant messaging. Microsoft's policyis, thus, in line with the general open standards approachthat allowed the World Wide Web to flourish in the first

place. AOL's policy is not.

ly find some who do. When I tried this simple, unscientificmarket survey, I was surprised (since I didn't use InstantMessenger until I started researching this artide) to find out

1. An awful lot of people are using it.2. Most of the people who try it like it.3. When I tried it I liked it.

Simply put, AOL's Instant Messenger lets you "chat" onyour computer in real time with anyone else who is on yourlist of online buddies and who also wants to chat. It's a kindof communications hybrid, with features similar to using avoice telephone and features of regular email. In some ways,Instant Messenger is better than both: no long distancecharges, no annoying phone ringing, and more user control.

You can download the AOL instant messaglng softwarefor free, even if you are not an AOL subscriber. Onceinstalled, you set up a Buddy List, and the Instant Messengersoftware alerts you when your buddies are online. You canthen ask them if they want to chat, and if they do, you con-verse by typing in the Instant Messenger window.

The way America Online has implemented it, instantmessaging is dead simple to use, easily customizable, addic-tively fun, and yet lets you ignore would-be chat buddies ifyou are busy.

It may eventually include real-time voice over theInternet, as well as videophone features. The potential Isenormous, for users, online marketers,.and AOL.

However, a great many people passionately argue thatany dosed, proprietary standard is not an acceptable long-tenn solution for the Internet. AOL is thus caught in a bind.

AOL, for its part, has invested great resources increadng its Instant Messenger technology and

olering it for free to tens of millions of people.It sees Mcrosoft once again trying to musdein on a technology it didn't invent, butwants to own. If there are any benefits to behad from instant messagmg, AOL figures itdeserves to get most of them.

What Is Instant messaglng,and why should we care?If you haven't used instant messaging, talkto friends who are online, and you' ll quick-

It has invented something insanely great, and potentiallyworth billions of dollars, but it goes against the whole ethosof the World Wide Web for it to remain AOL's sole property.

liilce little monopoly ya got here,pity If anything were to happen to ItMcrosoft has challenged AOL's monopoly by developing itsown instant-messaging softwareadled MSN M~r Service.The company daims about 1.5 million people use MSNMessenger Service, which is roughly three percent of the poten-tial number of people cunently using AOL Instant Messenger.

In July, Mcrosoft programmers figured out a technicaltrick to allow MSN Messenger Service users to communicatewith AOL Instant Messenger users. Microsoft did not getAOL's permission before releasing this "improvement" AOLprogrammers then figured out how to block MSN MessengerService users from AOL's Instant Messenger servers.Mcrosoft's people then began to figure out new ways to getaround AOL's roadblocks.

Then each side cried fouL

Chlldrenl BehavelIt's not very polite for Mcrosoft to attempt to crash a partyto which it wasn't invited, but it isn't very smart for AOL toviolate the open nature of the World Wide Web either.

A negotiated settlement to the war may be possible,though. Until now, the major interest groups and technologydevelopers who have built the Internet and the World WideWeb have managed to balance the conflict between intellec-tual property and universally accessible standards. The IETFhas established working groups on various standards topics.

Theseworks groups, which indude a cross section ofmajor competitors, establish agreed upon standards for newand evolving Internet technologies gradually through negotia-tion. An Internet messaging presence protocol group, the IMPP,has been worldng on a instant-messaging standard for the Web.

Vijay Saraswat, the cowhafir of the IMPP working group,sounded a lot like a fan of the Mcrosoft declaration of anopen instant-messaging spec when he said, "We are delight-ed that Microsoft is publishing the specification of the MSNMessenger service protocol as an IETF draft. The publicationof different protocols helps us in evaluating our developmentof robust, open protocols for Internet-wide interoperabilityin this area. In this spirit of open protocols that benefit theentire Internet community, we strongly encourage other ven-dors to publish their protocols."

This statement from the IETF gives a pretty dear indica-tion of the difficulty AOL will have in trying to continue toshut out instant-messaging alternatives such as MSNMessenger Service. Even AOL technology partners, such asLotus Development, which has incorporated AOL technolo-gy in its latest Sametime 1.5 corporate-messaging product,want a truly open standard. In conversation with TCP,Bethann Cregg, the senior manager of Sametime productmarketing, claimed Lotus was worhng on the IETF commit-tee, and "looked forward to the day when there is an openinstant-messaging standard."

AOL may eventually have to compromise in the instant-messaging battle. It wouM be poetic justice, though, ifMicrosoft's deFence of'open standards helps fuel the efforts todismantle the Mcrosoft "monopoly" on desktop PC operat-ing systems. If you play with fire, you might get burned. 0

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