1994 book of rules and operating procedures

1994 BOOK OF RULES AND OPERATING PROCEDURES REVISION 7

Photo by Lionel Camilleri

Section 20 DOUBLE LINE BLOCK SYSTEM

Document Control

Identification

Document Title Number Version Date

1994 Book of Rules and Operating Procedures – Revision 7

Section 20 – Double Line Block System

1.0 Final 25/09/2020

Document History

Publication Version Effective Date Page(s)

Affected

Reason for and Extent of

Change(s)

Draft Version 0.1 31/07/2020 ALL Issued for external stakeholder

consultation for implementation of

Revision 7 of the 1994 Book of Rules

and Operating Procedures, following

V/Line and MTM review.

Draft Version 0.2 07/09/2020 ALL Updated following Revision 7 External

Consultation.

Draft Version 0.3 21/09/2020 ALL Updated following Revision 7 External

Consultation.

Final Version 1.0 04/10/2020 ALL Initial Release

Double Line Block System Section 20

Section 20 – Double Line Block System (Revision 7) – Version 1.0 Page 1 of 29

CONTENTS 1 CODE OF BELL SIGNALS ........................................................................................................... 5

2 DOUBLE LINE BLOCK SYSTEM ................................................................................................. 5

(a) Fixed Signals and the Block System ............................................................................... 6

(b) Description of Block Instruments..................................................................................... 6

(c) Normal Position of Block Instruments ............................................................................. 7

(d) Use of Block Instruments and Bells ................................................................................ 7

3 CALL ATTENTION BELL SIGNAL ............................................................................................... 8

4 REPETITION AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF BELL SIGNALS ................................................ 8

5 MODE OF SIGNALLING ............................................................................................................... 8

(a) Prior to Dispatch of Train from A ..................................................................................... 8

(b) Dispatch of Train from A ................................................................................................. 8

(c) Prior to Dispatch of Train from A ..................................................................................... 9

(d) Deleted ........................................................................................................................... 9

6 GIVING PERMISSION FOR A TRAIN TO APPROACH ................................................................ 9

(a) Line Clear ....................................................................................................................... 9

(b) Obstruction on the Line ................................................................................................... 9

(c) ‘Is Line Clear?’ Signal ................................................................................................... 10

(d) Terminal Stations .......................................................................................................... 10

7 WHEN SIGNALLER IN ADVANCE IS NOT IN ATTENDANCE FOR FIRST TRAIN ................... 10

(a) Change of Shift ............................................................................................................. 10

(b) Driver’s Duties............................................................................................................... 10

(c) Signaller at B Reporting for Duty .................................................................................. 10

(d) ‘Train Arrival’ Bell Signal ............................................................................................... 11

8 SECTION CLEAR BUT STATION OR JUNCTION BLOCKED ................................................... 11

(a) Train to Approach Cautiously ........................................................................................ 11

(b) Home Signal Some Distance from the Signalbox ......................................................... 11

9 TRAIN ARRIVAL ......................................................................................................................... 12

(a) Train Arrival Bell............................................................................................................ 12

(b) Confirming Train Tail Signal .......................................................................................... 12

(c) Inclement Weather – Train Arrival Bell Signal ............................................................... 12

10 TRAIN OVERTIME IN SECTION ................................................................................................. 12

(a) Duties of Signaller ......................................................................................................... 12

(b) Duties of Train Controller .............................................................................................. 12



11 OBSTRUCTION DANGER BELL SIGNAL .................................................................................. 13

(a) Duties of Signaller Sending the ‘Obstruction Danger’ Bell Signal ................................. 13

(b) Duties of Signaller Receiving the ‘Obstruction Danger’ Bell Signal ............................... 13

(c) Running Line again Clear ............................................................................................. 13

12 ANIMALS ON THE LINE ............................................................................................................. 14

(a) Duties of Signallers ....................................................................................................... 14

(b) Drivers to be Kept Informed of Obstruction ................................................................... 14

13 SECTION OBSTRUCTED BY DISABLED TRAIN....................................................................... 14

(a) Duties of the Driver of the Disabled Train ..................................................................... 14

(b) Duties of the Train Controller ........................................................................................ 15

(c) Duties of the Signaller at the Signalbox from which the Relief Train will Depart ........... 15

(d) Procedures to be Followed when Clearing the Section ................................................. 16

(e) Procedures to be Followed when the Train has Cleared the Section............................ 17

(f) Record Keeping in the Train Register Book .................................................................. 17

(g) Vehicles Left in Section ................................................................................................. 17

(h) Train Running on the Wrong Line ................................................................................. 17

(i) Departing the Obstructed Train ..................................................................................... 18

(j) Train Cleared Section ................................................................................................... 18

(k) Instrument Failure ......................................................................................................... 18

14 SINGLE LINE WORKING ............................................................................................................ 19

(a) Precautions for Single Line Working ............................................................................. 19

(b) Train to Approach Cautiously ........................................................................................ 19

(c) Signaller to Inform the Driver ........................................................................................ 19

15 STOP AND EXAMINE TRAIN BELL SIGNAL ............................................................................. 19

(a) 'Stop and Examine Train' Bell Signal ............................................................................ 19

(b) Driver to Rectify Fault ................................................................................................... 20

(c) Damage to the Permanent Way .................................................................................... 20

(d) Train Unable to be Stopped .......................................................................................... 20

16 ‘REPEAT’ BELL SIGNAL ............................................................................................................ 20

17 CANCELLING ‘IS LINE CLEAR?’ BELL SIGNAL ...................................................................... 20



18 TRAIN PASSED WITHOUT PROPER TAIL SIGNAL .................................................................. 21

(a) Monitoring of Train Tail Signal ...................................................................................... 21

(b) Inform the Driver ........................................................................................................... 21

(c) Driver to Check Status of Train ..................................................................................... 21

(d) Signaller in Advance: Action ......................................................................................... 21

(e) Train Complete ............................................................................................................. 21

(f) Train Incomplete ........................................................................................................... 21

19 TRAIN DIVIDED .......................................................................................................................... 22

(a) Train Divided in Two or More Parts ............................................................................... 22

(b) Duties of Train Controller .............................................................................................. 22

(c) Signals Displayed to Driver ........................................................................................... 22

(d) Shunting the Divided Train ............................................................................................ 23

(e) Divided Train at a Signalbox ......................................................................................... 23

(f) Divided Train not Clear of the Section .......................................................................... 23

20 VEHICLES RUNNING AWAY ..................................................................................................... 23

(a) 'Obstruction Danger' bell signal..................................................................................... 23

(b) Train on Opposite or Parallel Line................................................................................. 23

(c) Runaway Vehicles on Wrong Line ................................................................................ 24

(d) Clearing the Section ...................................................................................................... 24

(e) Line Clear ..................................................................................................................... 24

(f) ‘Train Arrival’ Bell Signal ............................................................................................... 24

(g) Runaway Train to be Clear ........................................................................................... 24

(h) Securing Runaway Vehicles ......................................................................................... 24

21 OPENING AND CLOSING OF SIGNALBOXES .......................................................................... 24

(a) Switching in Block Instruments ..................................................................................... 24

(b) Deleted ......................................................................................................................... 24

(c) Signalbox Opened as a Block Post ............................................................................... 25

(d) Failure of Block Instruments ......................................................................................... 25

(e) Finishing Duty ............................................................................................................... 25

(f) Switching Out Not Allowed Where a Failure has Occurred ........................................... 25

(g) Train Register Book Entries .......................................................................................... 26

(h) Opposite Lines .............................................................................................................. 26

(i) Informing the Train Controller ....................................................................................... 26

(j) Switching In where a Failure has Occurred .................................................................. 26



22 FAILURE OF FIXED SIGNALS AT A SWITCHED-OUT SIGNALBOX ........................................ 27

(a) Train Detained .............................................................................................................. 27

(b) Train Controller to Instruct the Driver ............................................................................ 27

23 FAILURE OF INSTRUMENTS OR BELLS .................................................................................. 27

(a) Failure of Instruments: Driver to be Advised ................................................................. 27

(b) Deleted ......................................................................................................................... 27

(c) Deleted ......................................................................................................................... 27

(d) Repair of Block Instruments .......................................................................................... 27

(e) Red and Black Indicating Needles ................................................................................ 27

24 TESTING BLOCK INDICATORS AND BELLS ........................................................................... 28

(a) Testing of Repaired Instruments ................................................................................... 28

(b) Call Attention Bell Signal ............................................................................................... 28

(c) Signaller in Advance: Response ................................................................................... 28

25 TELEPHONE BELL SIGNAL ...................................................................................................... 28

26 SHUNTING OUTSIDE HOME SIGNAL ....................................................................................... 28

(a) Signaller Unable To Give Permission ........................................................................... 28

(b) Shunting and ‘Is Clear’ Received .................................................................................. 28

(c) Shunting – Falling Gradient .......................................................................................... 29

(d) Obstruction Removed Signal ........................................................................................ 29

(e) Train Register Books .................................................................................................... 29

27 DELETED .................................................................................................................................... 29

EFFECTIVE DATE ................................................................................................................................. 29



1 CODE OF BELL SIGNALS

SEE RULE SIGNAL BEATS ON BELL

HOW TO BE GIVEN

3 CALL ATTENTION 1 1

5, 6, 24 IS LINE CLEAR FOR TRAIN TO ENTER THE SECTION?

4 4 CONSECUTIVELY

5 TRAIN DEPARTURE 2 2 CONSECUTIVELY

9 TRAIN ARRIVAL OR OBSTRUCTION REMOVED

3 3 CONSECUTIVELY

11, 19, 20

OBSTRUCTION DANGER 6 6 CONSECUTIVELY

8, 14 SECTION CLEAR BUT STATION OR JUNCTION BLOCKED

6 1 PAUSE 5

15, 18 STOP AND EXAMINE TRAIN 7 7 CONSECUTIVELY

16 REPEAT SIGNAL 4 2 PAUSE 2

17 CANCELLING 'IS LINE CLEAR?' SIGNAL

8 3 PAUSE 5

25 TELEPHONE SIGNAL 3 2 PAUSE 1

26 BLOCKING BACK 6 2 PAUSE 4

2 DOUBLE LINE BLOCK SYSTEM

The object of the system of Double Line Block signalling is to prevent more than one train being in the section between two block signalboxes on the same line at the same time. This is accomplished by the proper working of the fixed signals and double line block instruments.

The signalling of trains on the Double Line Block system does not in any way dispense with the use of fixed, hand or audible track warning signals.



(a) Fixed Signals and the Block System

Unless otherwise instructed:

(1) The Stop signal must always be displayed at all fixed signals and be placed to Proceed when a train has to pass and the line on which the train is to arrive is clear.

(2) The Proceed signal must be kept exhibited at intermediate stations or sidings which are not block signalboxes, except when the Stop signal must be displayed to protect trains or other obstruction.

(3) The Fixed Signals, Block instruments and bells must only be used by the Signaller.

(b) Description of Block Instruments

Instruments to signal for each line are provided at signalboxes at which the Double Line Block system is in operation. The operating procedures of these instruments are laid down in the Rules and Operating Procedures and in any supplementary instruction that may be published.

These instruments consist of:

(1) two dials,

(2) a plunger,

(3) a black button,

(4) a switch handle, and

(5) a bell.



The left hand dial has a red indicating needle referring to trains approaching the signalbox.

The right hand dial has a black indicating needle referring to trains departing the signalbox. These needles have two positions: 'Cleared' means train cleared and 'On Line' means train on line.

The plunger is used for giving the code signals on the bell. The bell at the signalbox at the other end of the section will sound once each time the plunger is depressed.

The black button controls the black indicating needle and must only be pressed in order to place the indicator to the 'Train on Line' position or to restore it to its normal position.

The switch handle has two positions, 'On' and 'Off corresponding to the two positions of the indicating needles, 'Cleared' and 'Train on Line'.

The normal position of the switch handle is 'Off and must immediately be placed to 'On' before:

(1) acknowledging the 'Is Line Clear?' bell signal, or

(2) sending the 'Section Clear but Station or Junction Blocked' bell signal.

The switch handle must remain in the 'On' position until it is necessary to place it to the 'Off' position prior to giving the 'Train Arrival' bell signal and when acknowledging the 'Cancelling' signal, except when it may be necessary to move it to adjust the indicators.

The instruments must be kept free from dust, dirt and grease and no items must be placed on or near the batteries.

Switches are provided in some signalboxes to join the circuits on each side, and so cut the block instruments out of the circuit.

(c) Normal Position of Block Instruments

When the block instruments are not in use the line must be considered blocked, the indicators pointing to 'Cleared'.

(d) Use of Block Instruments and Bells

The block instruments and bells must only be used by the Signaller and only in accordance with the Rules and Operating Procedures.

The movements on the block instruments and bells must be made slowly and distinctly and the pauses between the sets of beats clearly apparent.



3 CALL ATTENTION BELL SIGNAL

The 'Call Attention' bell signal must always be given before the following bells signals:

(1) 'Is line clear for train to enter the section?',

(2) 'Section clear but station or junction blocked',

(3) 'Cancelling is line clear? signal', and

(4) 'Telephone signal'.

These signals must be acknowledged immediately upon receipt.

4 REPETITION AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF BELL SIGNALS

Unless otherwise provided, all bell signals must be correctly acknowledged by repeating them back to the signalbox which gave them. When the 'Is Line Clear?' signal is not acknowledged, it must be repeated at short intervals, preceded by the 'Call Attention' bell signal.

5 MODE OF SIGNALLING

The process for signalling a train through three consecutive block signalboxes is shown below and the signalboxes are represented by A, B and C.

(a) Prior to Dispatch of Train from A

Prior to the dispatch of a train from A, the Signaller must call the attention of B provided:

(1) the 'Train Arrival' signal for the previous train has been received,

(2) the black indicating needle is in the normal position, and

(3) no other signal indicating the line is not clear has been received or acknowledged, the Signaller at A must call the attention of the Signaller at B and give the 'Is Line Clear?' signal. If the line is clear, the Signaller at B must place the switch handle to 'On' and acknowledge the bell signal.

On receipt of the acknowledgement, the Signaller at A must sound the bell once and at the same time press the black button. The black needle at A and the red needle at B will both point to 'On Line'.

(b) Dispatch of Train from A

The Signaller at A may then, if the line is clear, exhibit the fixed signals to proceed for the train to leave A.

After the train has passed the starting signal, or other fixed signal, the Signaller must restore the signal lever to the normal position and the signal lever must be sleeved. The lever sleeve must not be removed until the 'Train Arrival' signal has been received from B, or in accordance with Rule 4, Section 13.

On departure of the train, the Signaller at A must send the 'Train Departure' signal to B, which the Signaller at B must acknowledge.



(c) Prior to Dispatch of Train from A

Prior to the dispatch of the train from B, the Signaller must call the attention of C. Provided:

(1) the 'Train Arrival' signal for the previous train has been received,

(2) the black indicating needle is in the normal position, and

(3) no other signal indicating the line is not clear has been received or acknowledged, call the attention of C and having obtained it, send the 'Is Line Clear?' signal.

On receiving clearance from C for the train to continue, the Signaller at B may place the appropriate fixed signals to 'Proceed' for the train to pass.

As soon as the train has arrived within the home signal or passed B or has been shunted clear of the main line at B, the Signaller at B must place the switch handle to 'Off and give the 'Train Arrival' signal to A.

The Signaller at A must acknowledge the signal, and at the same time press the black button, when both indicators will return to their normal position.

(d) Deleted

6 GIVING PERMISSION FOR A TRAIN TO APPROACH

(a) Line Clear

Unless otherwise instructed, the line must not be considered clear or a train allowed to approach unless:

(1) the preceding train has passed at least 400 metres beyond the home signal, and

(2) all the points relevant to the safety of the train have been placed in the correct position.

(b) Obstruction on the Line

After a train has been given permission to approach in accordance with the Rules and Operating Procedures, no obstruction on the relevant running line must be allowed until:

(1) the train is brought to a stand at the home signal,

(2) the train has passed into the section in advance, or

(3) the 'Cancelling' bell signal has been received from the signalbox in the rear.



(c) ‘Is Line Clear?’ Signal

If the Signaller is not in a position to acknowledge the 'Is Line Clear' signal when received from the Signaller in the rear, the bell signal must not be acknowledged until the Signaller is in a position to accept the train.

(d) Terminal Stations

At terminal stations the line must not be considered clear until the last vehicle with proper tail signal attached has passed the home signal.

7 WHEN SIGNALLER IN ADVANCE IS NOT IN ATTENDANCE FOR FIRST TRAIN

(a) Change of Shift

Should there be an interval between shifts at signalbox B and the Signaller at A does not receive an acknowledgement of the 'Call Attention' signal, and the bell code is being sent for the first train of the shift, the Signaller at A must:

(1) providing the 'Train Arrival' bell signal was received for the preceding train, verbally advise the Driver and the Train Controller of the circumstances, and

(2) instruct the Driver to proceed cautiously to the home signal at signalbox B.

(b) Driver’s Duties

The Driver on receiving these instructions must:

(1) proceed cautiously to the home signal at Signalbox B, and

(2) proceed into the platform if the home signal is at the 'Proceed' position.

The Driver must not continue with the journey until written instructions are received from the Signaller stating that the signalbox is attended and the section ahead is clear; and additionally, the 'Proceed' signal is displayed at the necessary fixed signals for the train to depart.

(c) Signaller at B Reporting for Duty

After reporting for duty, the Signaller at B must:

(1) communicate with the Signallers at Signalboxes A and C and the Train Controller,

(2) obtain from the Signaller at signalbox C an acknowledgement of the 'Is Line Clear?' bell signal for the train, and

(3) issue written instructions to the Driver stating the signalbox is attended, the section ahead is clear and then place the applicable fixed signals to `Proceed' for the train to depart.

NOTE

At any station or junction where there are two or more home signals applying in the same direction, the 400 metres beyond the home signal means 400 metres beyond the out home signal.



(d) ‘Train Arrival’ Bell Signal

No other train must be permitted to proceed between signalboxes A & B until the Signaller at signalbox A has received the `Train Arrival' bell signal from the Signaller at signalbox B.

8 SECTION CLEAR BUT STATION OR JUNCTION BLOCKED

(a) Train to Approach Cautiously

When the line is clear to the home signal and it is necessary for a train to be allowed to approach cautiously in accordance with Rule 1(d) Section 14, the 'Is Line Clear?' signal must not be acknowledged. The `Section Clear but Station or Junction Blocked' signal must be given and acknowledged. The block indicators must be placed to the `Train on Line' position.

The Signaller receiving this signal must bring the train to a stand at the home signal, and verbally instruct the Driver that the section is clear to the home signal at the block signalbox next in advance but that the station or junction is blocked.

For the train to proceed, a green flag by day and a green light by night, held steadily in the hand, must be displayed to the Driver and the `Proceed' signal displayed at the applicable fixed signal(s). The 'Train Departure' signal must then be given and acknowledged.

(b) Home Signal Some Distance from the Signalbox

When the train is standing at the home signal which is some distance from the signalbox and the Signaller is unable to verbally communicate with the Driver, the Signaller must place the home signal to Proceed to allow the train to be drawn to the signalbox. The train must be stopped at the signalbox by exhibiting a red flag by day and a red light by night.

The Driver must then be verbally instructed that the section is clear to the home signal at the block signalbox ahead, but that the station or junction is blocked.

A green flag by day and a green light by night, held steadily in the hand, must be displayed to the Driver and the Proceed signal displayed at the applicable fixed signal(s) in order for the train to proceed. The 'Train Departure' signal must then be given and acknowledged.



9 TRAIN ARRIVAL

(a) Train Arrival Bell

Unless otherwise instructed, trains must not be considered out of the section, nor must the `Train Arrival' bell signal be given to the signalbox in the rear until:

(1) the last vehicle of the train with proper tail signal has passed the signalbox, and

(2) the train is within the home signal, or

(3) the train has been shunted clear of the running line.

(b) Confirming Train Tail Signal

When the last vehicle of a train does not pass the signalbox before it is shunted into a siding or when a train has been brought to a stand within the home signal, the Signaller must, before giving the `Train Arrival' bell signal, confirm either by observation or by closed circuit television, that the whole of the train has arrived complete and the correct tail signal is displayed.

(c) Inclement Weather – Train Arrival Bell Signal

During inclement weather, the `Train Arrival' bell signal must not be given until the train has proceeded at least 400 metres beyond the home signal and is continuing its journey, or has been shunted clear of the running line.

During inclement weather this rule does not apply at terminal stations.

10 TRAIN OVERTIME IN SECTION

(a) Duties of Signaller

If the Signaller at either end of the section becomes aware that a train is overtime in the section, the fixed signals on the opposite or parallel line must immediately be placed to Stop. The Signaller must then inform the Train Controller and the Signaller at the opposite end of the section of the hazard.

(b) Duties of Train Controller

The Train Controller must endeavour to contact the Driver by radio to ascertain the reason for the delay, if the opposite or parallel line is obstructed and if a Relief Train is required.

If there is a train travelling on the opposite or parallel line, the Train Controller must:

(1) stop this train by using the radio, until it has been ascertained whether that line is clear,

(2) arrange for a Competent Worker to attend the train to assist the Driver, if necessary, and

(3) when the line is confirmed as clear, allow the train previously stopped to proceed.



11 OBSTRUCTION DANGER BELL SIGNAL

The 'Obstruction Danger' bell signal is used to prevent a train from proceeding if there is an obstruction, vehicles running away, train divided or for any other cause and must be sent to the signalbox in the rear whether the 'Is Line Clear?' bell signal has been received from that signalbox or not.

(a) Duties of Signaller Sending the ‘Obstruction Danger’ Bell Signal

The Signaller sending the 'Obstruction Danger' bell signal must:

(1) place or maintain the fixed signals at the 'Stop' position,

(2) take any necessary steps to protect the obstruction,

(3) telephone to the Signaller in the advance the reason for sending the 'Obstruction Danger' bell signal, and

(4) advise the Train Controller of the circumstances.

If there is a possibility that both lines may be obstructed, the Signaller must send the 'Obstruction Danger' bell signal in both directions. Where there are parallel running lines, steps must be taken to stop trains running on any line that may be obstructed.

(b) Duties of Signaller Receiving the ‘Obstruction Danger’ Bell Signal

The Signaller receiving the 'Obstruction Danger' bell signal must:

(1) immediately display the fixed signals at 'Stop', and

(2) not allow any train to proceed towards the signalbox from which the 'Obstruction Danger' bell signal was sent until the 'Obstruction Removed' bell signal has been received and the 'Is Line Clear?' bell signal has been accepted by the Signaller in advance or, if necessary, to allow a Relief Train to proceed to render assistance in accordance with the Rules and Operating Procedures.

If the Signaller succeeds in stopping the train for which the 'Obstruction Danger' bell signal and 'Is Line Clear?' bell signal has been accepted, the 'Cancelling' bell signal must be sent immediately.

If the train is not able to be stopped, the Train Controller and the Signaller must be advised immediately. When the Train Controller and Signaller are advised of this situation, all available means must be used to stop the train advancing towards the obstruction.

(c) Running Line again Clear

When the running lines are clear, the 'Obstruction Removed' bell signal must be sent to the signalbox in the rear.

If the Signaller in the rear has not been able to stop the train for which the 'Is Line Clear?' bell signal has been accepted, the 'Obstruction Removed' bell signal must not be sent to the signalbox in the rear until the train is clear of the section.



12 ANIMALS ON THE LINE

(a) Duties of Signallers

If a Signaller becomes aware of animals on the line which may cause an obstruction, the Signaller at the opposite end of the section must be informed. Steps must be taken to clear the line.

Once the line is clear, the Signaller must inform the Signaller at the opposite end of the section and normal working can be resumed.

(b) Drivers to be Kept Informed of Obstruction

Drivers entering the section must be verbally informed of the circumstances and instructed to proceed cautiously. If there is a tunnel in the section, the train must not enter the tunnel until it is established that the tunnel is clear.

13 SECTION OBSTRUCTED BY DISABLED TRAIN

When a train becomes disabled in the section and requires the assistance of a Relief Train, the following instructions must be complied with.

(a) Duties of the Driver of the Disabled Train

The Driver must:

(1) declare the train to be disabled,

(2) dictate a Driver's Relief Authority to the Train Controller. The Driver’s Relief Authority must state the location of the disabled train by kilometre post or fixed infrastructure, and the total metric length of the train, and if the train is an Electric Multiple Unit or Diesel Multiple Unit, the number of cars,

(3) confirm with the Train Controller the direction from which the Relief Train will approach,

(4) secure the train and comply with the Track Manager’s Cab Unattended procedures,

(5) protect the disabled train in the direction the Relief Train will arrive by either:

(i) proceeding 500 metres from the train and displaying a red hand signals, or

(ii) where a Fixed Signal displaying Stop is less than 500 metres from the disabled train, display a red hand signal at the Fixed Signal,

(6) inform the Train Controller that the disabled train is protected.



(b) Duties of the Train Controller

The Train Controller must:

(1) record the details of the Driver's Relief Authority,

(2) advise the Driver the direction from which the Relief Train will approach,

(3) confirm arrangements are in place for the Driver to safely alight from the cab in accordance with the Track Manager’s Cab Unattended procedure.

(4) confirm with the Driver of the disabled train, that the train is protected before permitting the Relief Train to enter the section,

(5) dictate a Train Authority to the Signaller for the Relief Train to enter the section, outlining to which end of the section the disable train is to be taken.

(c) Duties of the Signaller at the Signalbox from which the Relief Train will Depart

The Signaller must:

(1) obtain a Train Authority from the Train Controller,

(2) repeat back the details and exchange names with the Train Controller,

(3) give the Train Authority to the Driver of the Relief Train, and

(4) obtain the signature of the Driver on the butt of the form.



(d) Procedures to be Followed when Clearing the Section

The Signaller must:

(1) inform the Train Controller when the Relief Train enters the section,

(2) inform the Signaller in advance when the Relief Train enters the section.

The Driver of the Relief Train must:

(1) obtain the Train Authority from the Signaller and sign on the butt of the form,

(2) if departing from the Signalbox in the rear, proceed at normal speed to a distance of two kilometres from the disabled train, or

if departing from the Signalbox in advance, proceed cautiously at reduced speed to a distance of two kilometres from the disabled train.

(3) stop the train and endorse the event recorder if applicable,

(4) proceed at a speed not exceeding 15 km/h up to the Driver protecting the disabled train,

(5) pick up the Driver of the disabled train and proceed to the disabled train,

(6) obtain the Driver's Relief Authority from the Driver of the disabled train and cancel it

(7) ensure the trains are coupled together,

(8) conduct a continuity test to ensure that the brake is continuous throughout the train,

(9) ensure that the train can be controlled by means of the brake in the leading locomotive or drivers cab,

(10) where applicable, communicate with the Competent Worker prior to moving the disabled train, and

(11) obtain the permission of the Train Controller prior to moving the disabled train.

(3)

NOTE:

If the Relief Train enters the section from the rear the departure bell signal code is to be sent. If the Relief Train enters the section from advance the Signaller in the rear is to be advised of the departure of the Relief Train.



(e) Procedures to be Followed when the Train has Cleared the Section

When the train arrives, the Driver of the Relief Train must hand the Train Authority and the Driver's Relief Authority to the Signaller, providing the whole of the section is clear.

The Signaller receiving the Train Authority must:

(1) ensure the train is complete and the proper tail signal is displayed on the rear of the combined trains,

(2) cancel the Train Authority by writing the word 'Cancelled', and the time, date and signature across the face of the Train Authority, and

(3) inform the Train Controller and Signaller in the rear of the time the disabled train arrived and also that the section is clear.

(f) Record Keeping in the Train Register Book

Both Signallers must record the full particulars of messages sent and received in the Train Register Book or other special register in connection with the assistance of the disabled train.

All safeworking forms issued in connection with the disabled train must be forwarded to the Safeworking Manager within 24 hours after the issue and cancellation of these forms.

(g) Vehicles Left in Section

If a portion of a train is left in the section due to vehicles running away or for any other reason, and the Driver has run forward with the first portion, the stationary portion will be cleared by a Relief Train. The Train Controller will issue a Train Authority for the Relief Train to enter the section.

The Train Authority must:

(1) show the end of section where the portion of train will be taken, and

(2) must not be issued until a Competent Worker has secured and protected the vehicles.

(h) Train Running on the Wrong Line

If a train is required to return on the wrong line to the signalbox in the rear due to an obstruction on the line, the provisions of Rule 5, Section 13 must be observed.

(4)

NOTE:

if the train returns to the signalbox in the rear, the 'Cancelling' bell signal is to be sent. If the train has been assisted through the section, the 'Train Arrival' bell signal must be forwarded.



(i) Departing the Obstructed Train

The Competent Worker must take up position on the leading vehicle and using the radio, or hand signals if a radio is unavailable, inform the Driver when in position. In the case of a train with a driving cab at each end, the Driver must change ends and drive the train.

The Driver must only depart the train after informing the Train Controller that the train is ready to proceed and authority has been given.

The Competent Worker on the leading vehicle must control the movement either by radio or hand signals and inform the Driver when approaching fixed signals, points or a level crossing.

The train must be brought to a stand clear of all points and at a distance of not less than 100 metres from the signalbox or station. The Driver must not proceed further until verbally instructed by the Signaller.

(j) Train Cleared Section

If a set back move is required to clear the section, a Competent Worker must travel on the leading vehicle to control the movement.

When the train has cleared the section, the Signaller at the rear must:

(1) ensure the train is complete,

(2) obtain and cancel the Train Authority by writing the word 'Cancelled' and also the date, time and signature across the face of it'

(3) send the 'Cancelling' bell signal to the Signaller in advance, and

(4) advise the Train Controller that the train is clear of the section.

No other train is permitted to enter the section on the obstructed line, until it is confirmed as being clear for normal working.

(k) Instrument Failure

If instrument failure occurs, permission must not be given for a train to depart to assist the disabled train until the Signaller has sent a hand signaller 1800 metres from the home or automatic signal in the rear of the signalbox back along the line about to be obstructed to display a red hand signal, and place three audible track warners.

The hand signaller must remain in position to stop any approaching train until the disabled train has been removed from the section, and the same Signaller advises the hand signaller that the protection is no longer required.



14 SINGLE LINE WORKING

(a) Precautions for Single Line Working

If owing to repairs or obstruction on the line and it is necessary to work traffic of a double line over a single line, it must be done in accordance with the Rules and Operating Procedures.

If the block instruments fail, the Signallers at each end of the section must ensure that the Signallers in the rear stop all trains proceeding towards the affected area, and the Drivers are verbally informed.

If this is not possible, the hand signaller at the distant signal applicable to the line over which single line working is being worked, must stop each approaching train and inform the Driver.

(b) Train to Approach Cautiously

When the line is clear to the home signal and it is necessary for a train to approach cautiously from the signal box in the rear, the 'Is Line Clear?' bell signal must not be acknowledged but the 'Section Clear but Junction Blocked' bell signal must be given and acknowledged.

(c) Signaller to Inform the Driver

The Signaller receiving the 'Section Clear but Junction Blocked' bell signal must inform the Driver that the section ahead is clear to the home signal at the signalbox in advance, but that the station or junction is blocked.

If the home signal is situated so that it is not possible for the Signaller to speak to the Driver, after bringing the train to a stand at the home signal, the Signaller must:

(1) place the home signal to 'Proceed' to allow the train to move forward,

(2) display a red hand signal to stop the train at the signalbox,

(3) inform the Driver that the section is clear but the station or junction is blocked,

(4) display a green hand signal to allow the Driver to depart, and

(5) inform the Signaller in advance when the train enters the section.

15 STOP AND EXAMINE TRAIN BELL SIGNAL

(a) 'Stop and Examine Train' Bell Signal

If a Signaller observes anything unusual about a train during its passage, the Signaller must endeavour to stop the train. If unable to do so, the 'Stop and Examine Train' bell signal must be sent to the Signaller in advance.

The Signaller in advance must place all fixed signals to the 'Stop' position and acknowledge the 'Stop and Examine Train' signal.

The reasons for sending the 'Stop and Examine Train' bell signal must be explained to the Signaller in advance by telephone.



(b) Driver to Rectify Fault

The Train Controller must be advised of the circumstances; the Train Controller will then inform the Driver by radio who must stop the train, if necessary, to ascertain if the situation requires immediate attention.

The Driver must then:

(1) advise the Train Controller when the problem has been rectified, or

(2) request further assistance.

If the problem has been rectified, the Train Controller must advise the Signaller in advance that no reason exists to have the train stopped.

(c) Damage to the Permanent Way

Should either Signaller have reason to believe that the permanent way has been damaged or fouled, by a vehicle being off the rails or goods falling from the train, they must not allow any train to proceed in the direction of the obstruction until the line is confirmed safe and clear.

(d) Train Unable to be Stopped

The Signaller receiving the 'Stop and Examine Train' bell signal, if the train cannot be stopped, must immediately pass on the same bell signal to the Signaller in advance who must immediately place the applicable fixed signals to 'Stop'.

The 'Stop and Examine Train' bell signal must always be sent, if necessary, even if the train has passed onwards through one or more sections.

16 ‘REPEAT’ BELL SIGNAL

This bell signal must be sent when an indistinct bell signal is received, and in acknowledgement, the bell signal last sent must be repeated.

17 CANCELLING ‘IS LINE CLEAR?’ BELL SIGNAL

When it is necessary to cancel the 'Is Line Clear?' bell signal, the 'Cancelling' bell signal must be sent and the block indicators placed in their normal position. An entry must be made in the Train Register Book to the effect that the bell signal was cancelled.

The 'Cancelling' bell signal must not be used unless the 'Is Line Clear?' bell signal has been acknowledged and the train for which the 'Is Line Clear?' bell signal was accepted will not proceed in the usual course.



18 TRAIN PASSED WITHOUT PROPER TAIL SIGNAL

(a) Monitoring of Train Tail Signal

Signallers must monitor each train as it passes and satisfy themselves that it is complete before giving the 'Train Arrival' bell signal to the signalbox in the rear.

If there is any doubt as to whether the correct tail signal is displayed, the Signaller must:

(1) immediately exhibit the necessary fixed signals to stop trains travelling in the opposite direction, until the line has been confirmed as clear, and

(2) send the 'Stop and Examine Train' bell signal to the signalbox in advance.

The 'Train Arrival' bell signal must not be sent to the signalbox in the rear, but that Signaller must be telephoned and advised of the reason why the bell signal has not been sent.

The block indicators must be kept in the 'On Line' position at both signalboxes.

(b) Inform the Driver

The Signaller who is unable to establish if the correct tail signal is displayed must inform the Driver by radio. If a radio is not available, the Signaller must inform the Train Controller who will advise the Driver.

(c) Driver to Check Status of Train

The Driver, when informed of the doubt over the tail signal, must bring the train to a stand and check that the train is complete and that the correct tail signal is displayed. The Driver must inform the Train Controller or Signaller whether the train is complete.

(d) Signaller in Advance: Action

The Signaller in advance when radio communication is unavailable and when not advised that the train is complete, must display the necessary fixed signals to Stop to stop the train for examination.

(e) Train Complete

Having established that the train is complete, the 'Train Arrival' bell signal must be sent to the signalbox in the rear and normal working resumed.

(f) Train Incomplete

If the train is incomplete, the Signaller must:

(1) advise the Train Controller, and

(2) advise the Driver of any approaching train on the opposite or parallel line of the circumstances, to proceed cautiously through the affected section.

If the Driver of an approaching train locates the vehicles, they must be secured and the Train Controller advised by radio.

If radio communication is unavailable, the Driver must advise the officer-in-charge at the next station or signalbox and a Competent Worker dispatched to protect the vehicles. The section must be cleared in accordance with the Rules and Operating Procedures.



19 TRAIN DIVIDED

(a) Train Divided in Two or More Parts

If a Signaller observes that a train has become divided into two or more parts and is running in the same direction, the 'Obstruction Danger' bell signal must be sent to the Signaller in advance, immediately followed by a telephone call explaining the reason for the bell signal.

The Signaller receiving the 'Obstruction Danger' bell signal must stop any train from proceeding towards the hazard.

(b) Duties of Train Controller

The Train Controller must be immediately notified of the circumstances. The Train Controller must:

(1) by using the radio, explain to the Driver the situation of the divided train,

(2) instruct the Driver to exercise extreme caution in looking out for the second portion,

(3) stop any train running on a parallel or opposite line until it is confirmed that the appropriate line is clear.

(c) Signals Displayed to Driver

If, by stopping the first part of the train, there is a risk of collision with the second part, and the running line is clear ahead, the Signaller must not place the applicable fixed signals to 'Stop'.

The Driver must be given a 'green hand signal' moved in a vertical circle, either by flag or hand lamp. A radio message may be given if radio is available.

The Driver, on seeing the hand signal, will understand that the train is divided and must exercise great caution by looking out for the second portion.

The first portion of the train must not be stopped unless the Driver believes the line ahead is obstructed or information is received that the second portion has been stopped or is running very slowly. However, the Driver must obey all fixed signals.

When the first portion of the train has passed, the Signallers must use all means available to deal with the second portion.



(d) Shunting the Divided Train

If the divided train is running on a rising gradient and is not assisted by a locomotive in the rear, the Signaller receiving the 'Obstruction Danger' bell signal must place the applicable fixed signals to 'Stop' to stop any train coming from or going to the Signalbox which sent the signal.

After the first portion of the divided train is stopped, it must be shunted into a siding as soon as circumstances permit or otherwise dealt with to avoid the second portion colliding into it.

The Signaller sending the 'Obstruction Danger' bell signal must:

(1) stop any train travelling in the opposite direction, and

(2) not allow a train to proceed in the opposite direction until it has been confirmed that the appropriate running line is clear.

(e) Divided Train at a Signalbox

The 'Stop and Examine Train' bell signal and not the 'Obstruction Danger' signal should be sent to the signalbox in advance in the following circumstances:

(1) if the rear portion of a divided train comes to a stand near a signalbox, and

(2) if a train becomes divided in starting and runs forward with the first portion, leaving the rear portion stationary.

(f) Divided Train not Clear of the Section

If the second portion of the train does not clear the section, a Competent Worker must be provided to secure and protect the vehicles.

20 VEHICLES RUNNING AWAY

(a) 'Obstruction Danger' bell signal

Should any vehicle be running away on either line without authority, the Signaller must immediately place the applicable fixed signals to Stop and send the 'Obstruction Danger' bell signal to the signalbox in the direction the vehicles are running.

This must immediately be followed by a telephone call to the Signaller in advance explaining the reason for the bell signal.

(b) Train on Opposite or Parallel Line

The Train Controller must be immediately notified of the circumstances and, if possible, the Train Controller must contact the Driver by radio to have the vehicles stopped.

The Train Controller must also advise the Driver of any train on an opposite or parallel line of the hazard and have that train stopped until it is confirmed that the appropriate line is clear.



(c) Runaway Vehicles on Wrong Line

The Signaller receiving the 'Obstruction Danger' bell signal must stop any train from entering the section towards the signalbox which sent the signal.

Every effort must be made to stop the runaway vehicles by turning them into a siding, if possible, or if they are on the wrong line, returning them to the correct line.

If the train cannot be stopped the 'Obstruction Danger' bell signal must be sent to the signalbox in advance.

(d) Clearing the Section

If there is a train in the section travelling in the same direction on the correct line forward of the runaway vehicles, that train may be allowed to pass the fixed signals before they are exhibited to stop the runaway train.

(e) Line Clear

No train must be allowed to enter the section in either direction until it is confirmed that the appropriate line is clear.

(f) ‘Train Arrival’ Bell Signal

If the vehicles have runaway on the correct line during the time the section is unoccupied, the 'Train Arrival' bell signal must be sent after the vehicles have been removed and the section is clear.

(g) Runaway Train to be Clear

If the 'Obstruction Danger' bell signal is received during the time the section is occupied, the 'Train Arrival' bell signal must not be given until both the train for which the 'Is Line Clear?' bell signal was accepted and the runaway train have passed out of the section.

(h) Securing Runaway Vehicles

If the runaway vehicles are stopped in the section, a Competent Worker must be provided to secure and protect the vehicles prior to a Relief Train entering the section.

21 OPENING AND CLOSING OF SIGNALBOXES

(a) Switching in Block Instruments

Before switching in the block instruments, the Signaller must telephone the signalboxes on each side to establish whether there is a train in the section or if either of them has given permission for a train to enter the section.

If the up and down lines are clear and permission has not been given for a train to enter the section, the Signaller must turn the switch to 'In'. The bells and indicators must then be tested with both signalboxes.

(b) Deleted



(c) Signalbox Opened as a Block Post

If the signalbox is opened as a block post, when normally it would be closed, the Signallers on each side must stop trains proceeding towards the intermediate signalbox and advise the Driver of the circumstances.

This rule applies unless other instructions have been issued and does not relieve Drivers of their responsibility to observe fixed signals.

(d) Failure of Block Instruments

If a failure of the block instruments is found after switching in, the signalbox must be kept open, the fixed signals worked and train movements controlled in accordance with the Rules and Operating Procedures.

(e) Finishing Duty

When finishing duty, the Signaller must not switch the block instruments out of circuit until the section on each side is clear.

Before switching out, the Signaller must advise the Signallers on each side by telephone and then turn the switch to the position marked 'Out' and place the applicable fixed signals to 'Proceed'. The Signallers on each side of the closed signalbox must test the through communication and advise the result to the Signaller who is going off duty.

(f) Switching Out Not Allowed Where a Failure has Occurred

No signalbox can be switched out when any failure exists in connection with the interlocking apparatus, nor if a failure has been rectified, until all trains have cleared the section on either side of the effected location.

When it is required for a Block Signalbox to be switched out when any failure exists in connection with the bells or instruments the following shall apply

• The Signal Maintenance Technician shall confirm with the Train Controller that the Signalbox being switched out shall not affect the resolving of the existing failure

• The Train Controller must ensure the previous trains have cleared the Block Sections on either side of the effected Signalbox.

• The Train Controller is then permitted to authorise the Signalbox to be switched out in the normal manner including the operation of the closing lever

• If a failure of the interlocking apparatus does not permit the correct operation of the signalling including the operation of the closing lever the Signalbox is to remain switched in.

• Rail Traffic is to be worked on the through Block Section on both sides of the affected signalbox under system failure conditions

• If the through Block Section is found to be working in accordance with these Rules normal working can be resumed.



(g) Train Register Book Entries

When a change is made in the working of an intermediate signalbox switching 'In' or 'Out', a line must be drawn in the Train Register Book under the last entries referring to that signalbox. Under this line the Signaller must enter the names of the signalboxes which will be worked with.

The times of opening and closing are to be entered in the 'Remarks' column of the Train Register Book.

(h) Opposite Lines

The opposite line at any station which is switched out must not be fouled by shunting operations.

(i) Informing the Train Controller

The Signaller must advise the Train Controller before the signalbox is switched 'In' or 'Out'. The Train Controller must endorse the Train Controller's Graph accordingly.

(j) Switching In where a Failure has Occurred

When it is required for a Block Signalbox to be switched in when any failure exists in connection with the bells or instruments the following shall apply

• The Signal Maintenance Technician shall confirm with the Train Controller that the Signalbox being switched in shall not affect the resolving of the existing failure

• The Train Controller must ensure the previous trains have cleared the through Block Section on either side of the effected Signalbox.

• The Train Controller is then permitted to authorise the Signalbox to be switched in the normal manner including the operation of the closing lever.

• Rail Traffic is to be worked through the local Block Sections on both sides of the affected signalbox under system failure conditions.

• If the local Block Sections are found to be working in accordance with these Rules normal working can be resumed.



22 FAILURE OF FIXED SIGNALS AT A SWITCHED-OUT SIGNALBOX

(a) Train Detained

When a train is detained at a home or starting signal at a signalbox which is switched out, the Driver must contact the Signaller by telephone or radio.

If the Signaller cannot be contacted, the Driver must notify the Train Controller who must check the Train Graph for clarification; if not shown, the Train Controller must contact the Signallers on either side of the signalbox to ascertain if the signalbox is switched 'In' or 'Out'.

(b) Train Controller to Instruct the Driver

If the signalbox is switched out, the Train Controller must instruct the Driver to:

(1) examine any points that the train is required to travel over, and

(2) ensure the points are correctly set for the train movement, and

(3) if the radio fails, the Driver must check and ensure the platform track is clear and may proceed after complying with the points above.

The Driver may then be authorised by the Train Controller to pass the applicable fixed signals(s) at the ‘Stop’ position. The Driver and the Train Controller must exchange names for record purposes.

23 FAILURE OF INSTRUMENTS OR BELLS

(a) Failure of Instruments: Driver to be Advised

If any failure of the instruments or bells occurs, so that bell signals cannot be sent or received, Rail Movements in the effected Block Section will be undertaken in accordance with the instructions contained in Section 20A.

(b) Deleted

(c) Deleted

(d) Repair of Block Instruments

The block instruments must be repaired as soon as possible. When the failure has been rectified, the block instruments and bells must be tested and normal block working resumed.

(e) Red and Black Indicating Needles

If the red indicating needle does not work properly, the signalling of trains must be conducted in the normal manner and the failure reported.

If the black indicating needle does not move to 'Train on Line' or 'Cleared' when required to do so, the instrument must be considered to have failed. The Signaller must not:

(1) permit a train to pass a signalbox into the affected section, without the Driver being verbally advised, and

(2) not permit another train to enter the section in the same direction, until it is confirmed that the first train is clear.



24 TESTING BLOCK INDICATORS AND BELLS

(a) Testing of Repaired Instruments

After the Signal Maintenance Representative has worked on the instruments, the block indicators and bells must be tested. Telephone communication must be established prior to testing and it must be understood that a 'test condition only' applies.

A train must not have been signalled for at the time of testing.

(b) Call Attention Bell Signal

After sending the 'Call Attention' bell signal, the Signaller requiring the test must send the 'Is Line Clear?' bell signal.

(c) Signaller in Advance: Response

The Signaller in the advance must place the switch handle to the 'On' position and acknowledge the 'Is Line Clear?' bell signal. The Signaller in the rear on receipt of the acknowledgement for the 'Is Line Clear?' bell signal, must give one beat of the plunger and at the same time press the black button.

Both Signallers must check that the black and red indicating needles are at the 'On Line' position.

The 'Cancelling' bell signal must immediately be sent after the test has been completed.

25 TELEPHONE BELL SIGNAL

To indicate that there is communication needing to be made by telephone.

26 SHUNTING OUTSIDE HOME SIGNAL

When necessary to obstruct the line outside the Home Signal. the Signaller must ensure sufficient time is available to prevent delay to trains.

The Signaller must give the Blocking Back signal (2-4) to the Signaller at the Box in the rear. Before acknowledging the Blocking Back signal, the Signaller must ensure that the movement can be carried out safely.

(a) Signaller Unable To Give Permission

If, when a Signaller gives the Blocking Back signal for the purpose of asking permission to occupy the Line and the Signaller at the Box in the rear is not in a position to give permission, the Blocking Back signal must not be acknowledged. Until the signal has been acknowledged. the Line must not be occupied.

(b) Shunting and ‘Is Clear’ Received

If the "Is Line Clear" Bell Signal is received from the Signalbox in the rear, the Signaller must not grant permission for the train to approach until the line is clear in accordance with the Rules.



(c) Shunting – Falling Gradient

No train or vehicle must be placed outside the Home Signal where the line is on a falling gradient towards the Station in the rear, unless there are sufficient brakes to hold the train or vehicles, the leading vehicle has an operating brake, and a Competent Worker rides the vehicle to operate the handbrakes.

A train or vehicle must not be placed beyond the sight of the Signaller or outside the Distant Signal.

(d) Obstruction Removed Signal

When the obstruction has been removed, and the Running Line or Lines are again clear, the Obstruction Removed signal must be given to the Signalbox in the rear.

During inclement weather the Blocking Back signal must not be used.

(e) Train Register Books

The Signallers forwarding and receiving the Blocking Back signal must make a note of the particulars in their Train Register Books.

27 DELETED

EFFECTIVE DATE

04-October-2020

1994 book of rules and operating procedures

Documents