Edited by Peter Combes and Chris Lampard

AERO ENGINES PETROL ENGINES

R O L L S

NUCLEAR PROPULSION ROCKET MOTORS

WHERE DO YOU FIT? There are challenging opportunities for mechanical and aeronautical

engineering graduates at Rol ls -Royce. The great diversity of Rol ls -Royce

products ensures a wide range of opportunities for qualified people in

many spheres of research, design, development, production and admini­

stration. International in outlook but national in character, Ro l ls -Royce is

making a large contribution to Britain's export dr ive: Rol ls -Royce exports

since the war; total over £400 mil l ion. If you feel you would like to join a

company whose futur„e is Secure and of whose name and reputation you

can be proud, have a word with your University Appointments Officer: he

has a good deal of helpful information to offer you. Or, if you prefer, write

direct to the Personnel Manager.

EA E R O E N G I N E S • M O T O R C A R S • D I E S E L A N D P E T R p L E N G I N E S

I N D U S T R I A L G A S T U R B I N E S • R O C K E T M O T O R S • N U C L E A R P R O P U L S I O N

C A R E E R

THE BIG DECISION

A Degree! What Next?

young . .?

man s In Spring a thoughts turn to

In the case of third year Uni­versity students this is usually a Job. The last desperate struggle, leading to am orgy of Exams in May and June, has begun. The season of interviews and Appoint­ments Boards is with us again.

What next? That is the problem facing those nearing the end of their last year at Uniyersity. The decision which must be made is probably the most important in life. The graduate is surrounded by firms trying to buy him, and his education, with promises of

A

NEW CHALLENGE

W H Y NOT teach overseas, and be trained overseas to teach in a University in Africa ?

You can thereby serve a developing country, broaden you experience, and be well paid.

If you are interested in an overseas postgraduate Diploma in Education Course — officially recognised in Britain — followed by a contract in Uganda, Zambia, Tanzania or Zambia — write for information NOW to :—

The Appointments Officer (Room 401), Ministry of Overseas Development, Eland House, Stag Place, London, S.W.I.

The sooner the better, because we are already interviewing for, and filling these much-sought-after places.

money, promotion and security. If nothing else, this demand does at least boost his ego!

As far as the choice of a career is concerned, for most at I.C. this has already been decided upon. There can be few in this age of specialisation, that come to University to have another three years in which to make this choice. Some may change their mind during a course, but, by the end of the first year, the subject for a degree has been decided on.

Therefore it is only a question of finding the right firm which will give the graduate an opport­unity to make use of his degree and University background to their fullest extent. Despite the existence of Appointments Boards, Career Officers and multifarious aids to answering this all impor­tant question, the final decision lies with the graduate himself.

Because of the enormous variety of opportunities open to him it is impossible to even at­tempt to summarise them in a supplement of this sort. The sup­plement does however contain a fairly representative selection of firms. Most paint a very rosy picture of the future for the graduate, perhaps a trifle too rosy.

P . M . C O M B E S C. J. L A M P A R D

mm . • • •

l i i l ft J

i

T O T E A C H

I S T O C R E A T E

From the time of Socrates, teachers have made

at least as important a contribution to society's

progress as the statesmen, the inventors and

the artists. Their influence is now wider, their

responsibilities greater than ever before. Today

education offers a creative career of increasing

scope, in which people of ideas and initiative

can use their talents and attainments to the full.

Many exciting new things are happening in the

education service . . . things in which you might

take part. Ask for the new booklet, C.E.G.,

at your University Appointments Board, or from

the Department of Education and Science,

Curzon Street, London, W.1

Graduate testing

an experimental receiver.

4 C A R E E R S

T U B E I N V E S T M E N T S L T D

Tube Investments Ltd is a British group of precision tube, steel, aluminium, engineering,

electrical and cycle companies, with factories in England, Scotland and Wales.

The Tl Tube Division is the largest producer In the world of precision tubes In steel, stainless steel, alloys and other metals.

Tl's Aluminium Division supplies a major share of the country's sheet, strip, extrusions and castings, and the Iron and Steel Division has a potential of 1,300,000 ingot tons of steel a year.

The Engineering Division produces rolling mills, extrusion presses, conveyors, automatic machines, and a wide range of other products.

The Electrical Division makes cookers, space and water heaters, and other domestic

appliances; switch and fuse gear, automatic control gear, and flameproof and lighting

equipment.

The Cycle Division is the world's leading manufacturer of pedal bicycles and

components, and also makes mopeds, scooters and wheeled toys.

An organisation of this size and scope is continually requiring young men of ability and

drive to train for positions of responsibility.

// you are about to graduate or have recenuy graduated and would like to have jurther information

please contact the senior lecturer in your department concerned with these matters, or write direct to:

The Director of Personnel, Tube Investments Ltd.TI House, Five Ways, Birmingham 16. Telephone Edgbaston 4838

CAREERS

ELECTRONICS

A Milliard Graduate experimenting on a synch-pulse generator.

Few industries have grown so rapidly in modern times as elec­tronics. Still fewer have extended their influence into so many dif­ferent fields. Radio and tele­vision have changed the social aspect of our lives and new fields of industrial technology have been opened up as a result of ap­plications of the basic sciences underlying electronics.

Founded in 1920, the Milliard Organisation is now among the industry's leaders — a position reached through more than forty years' experience in the manufac­ture of electronic devices for all purposes.

The company's activities range from research and development,

i n ts the way

Electronic engineers, designers, system planners and

manufacturers of aeronautical, broadcasting,

communications and maritime radio equipment,

television, radar and navigational aids

on land, at sea and in the air.

T H E M A E C O N I C O M P A N Y L I M I T E D O H E L M S F O E D E S S E X • E N G L A N D

to engineering, applications re­search and finally commercial en­gineering. In these varied fields there are opportunities for gradu­ates in electrical engineering, me­chanical engineering and the pure sciences. ' For those having scientific ability, an inquiring mind, and a temperament suited to long term investigations, scientific research offers an attractive and satisfying career. On joining the labora­tories a graduate is consulted re­garding the type of work he is likely to find most interesting, and his preferences are considered in relation to the needs in the various groups. Great care is taken to prevent anyone from having need­lessly to continue to work for which he is not suited or which he finds unsatisfying.

Development can be said to bridge the gap between research on ..'is one hand and manufacture on the other, and it stands as an identifiable function in its own right. The s.a'.us of the develop­ment enginee/ is therefore no less than that of his research colleague and his work is equally challeng­ing.

Many graduates are better suited to the faster tempo of factory life where the sense of urgency and cons ant striving after higher product vity provide the necessary stimu us for per­sonal effort and achievement. The production organisation consists of production planning, a Mecha­nical Engineering Department responsible for the production of all equipment required by the plant, test equipment engineering,

production management, indus­trial engineering and quality con­trol.

The commercial departments responsible for marketing elec­tronic devices and the factories developing them are linked by applications laboratories. The function of these is to explore the manifold applications of elec­tronic devices, to advise the com­pany on which new products should be developed in the light of industry's requirements and to assist customers in their use.

The commercial engineer in Mullard is primarily concerned with exploring new markets, and his customer contacts are fre­quently at the level of chief engin­eer. He must therefore be thor­oughly versed in the characteris­tics and performance of the materials or devices for which he is responsible. This kind of work requires qualified engineers or physicists of high calibre with a keen business aptitude.

The company training schemes are planned so as to satisfy the requirements for practical training laid down by the Institutions of Electrical and Mechanical En­gineers

X2D

6 C A R E E R S

Will it all seem worthwhile 5 years from now? At Turner & Newall a man's degree — whether

in science, engineering or the arts — counts

for far more than a passport to a round of

interviews. Our Training Scheme is planned

to employ all his university attainments to

the full, and to be* adaptable to his individual

needs.

J u s t w h o are T & N ? Turner & Newall is one

of the strongest, most important groups in

British industry. With a large and growing

stake in asbestos-cement, in insulation, in

brake linings and in plastics T & N is closely

linked to all four major areas of economic

growth. To the building industry; the motor

industry; the newer plastics; and to activity in

the developing territories of the Common­

wealth . . . all adding up to a strongly expand­

ing £100,000,000 business with 39,000

employees. Overseas, with 17 companies in

10 countries, T & N has doubled its interests in

ten years.

Ear l i e r R e s p o n s i b i l i t y T & N thus offers

outstanding graduates a career of great scope,

keyed from the first to areas in which expan­

sion is at its fastest . . . opportunity at its best.

Moreover, under our broad and flexible

training scheme, the graduate assumes

managerial responsibility more confidently —

and certainly earlier — than is often the case in

industry today.

N o t e t o R e s e a r c h M e n T & N also recruits

scientists and engineers direct into its re­

search and development branches, whose

projects are particularly closely linked to the

needs of the expanding industries. Opport­

unities for supervising work with a practical

application, as well as for fundamental study,

are thus outstandingly good.

Ask your Appointments Board for further de­

tails, or write direct to : Management Appoint­

ments Adviser,Turner & Newall Ltd., 15 Curzon

Street, London, W.1. (Tel. GROsvenor 8163)

The Turner & Newall Management Appoint­

ments Adviser will be visiting Imperial

College, London on Thursday 11th March

1965. If you would like an interview, please

contact the Appointments Office.

TURNER & NEWALL LIMITED TURNERS ASBESTOS CEMENT CO. LTD

1

TURNER BROTHERS ASBESTOS CO. LTD • FERODO LTD -• N E W A L L S INSULATION &

CHEMICAL CO. LTD 1

J . W . ROBERTS LTD • GLASS FABRTCS LTD • BRITISH INDUSTRIAL PLASTICS LTD 1

STILLITE PRODUCTS LTD

TURNERS ASBESTOS FIBRES LTD - AND 17 OVERSEAS MINING & MANUFACTURING COMPANIES

TN3/II

THE ROYAL

NAVY

A VITAL

CAREER

A career as an officer in the Engineering Specialisation of the Royal Navy provides opportuni­ties of playing a vial role in a variety of engineering pursuits and of participating in a way which has much to commend it to a young man.

Naval engineering covers the mechanical and electrical require­ments of a large Service with world-wide commitments, con­sisting of some 100,000 officers and men and controlling more than 400 major warships, numer­ous minor warships and support and maintenance vessels. There are also hundreds of naval air­craft, large command organisa­tions and innumerable shore establishments, stores, depots, dockyards, air stations, hospitals, training colleges and schools.

The Royal Navy has always been to the fore in the design of marine-machinery and equipment, either alone or in close association with the manufacturing industry. Engineering specialist officers are concerned with this design work in the development, testing, operation and maintenance of the machinery or equipment in ser­vice. They are also' continuously concerned with efficiency assess­ment, maintaining high perform­ance and improving designs.

As an engineering officer the nuclear machinery of a submarine could be your personal responsi­bility. You find yourself in the midst of events that shape the future of the world. Your uni­versity background will prove to be invaluable in a service that is a stabilising influence and power for peace all over the globe. Life in the Navy is a career alive with opportunities to use your qualifi­cations to exceptional advantage both technically and in man-management. Promotion is open to the highest ranks, with respon­sibility placed on you at an early age.

No career can offer you such scope or prove so rewarding, as the go-ahead life that lies before you in the Royal Navy to-day. For full details write to: — Instructor Commander

D. C. F. Watson, M . A . . R . N . , University Liason Officer, Officer Entry Section, Old Admiralty Building, Whitehall, S.W.I.

C A R E E R S ?

The Royal Aircraft Establishment

FARNBOROUGH The Establishment has a long

and proud record. It originated at Woolwich in 1878 when the War Office authorised experi­ments with balloons. It moved to Farnborough in 1905 where experiments continued, during the course of which the first official aeroplane flight in this country took place in 1908 when Colonel Cody flew his aircraft 496 yards!

From 1916 the Establishment ceased to build aircraft and was devoted entirely to aeronautical research and development. Re­cently the field of activities has been extended to missiles and rockets for aerospace research. With its headquarters at Farn­borough and outstations at Bed­ford, Aberporth and elsewhere the R . A . E . is the largest single research establishment in Europe.

The first degree honours graduate is trained on the job, usually as a member of a team, and has access to first class, and often unique, scientific facilities He is recruited as a Scientific Offi­cer at a starting salary of £895 per annum. Promotion, which is based purely on merit, to a Senior Scientific Officer (£l,685-£2,082) takes effect from the age of 26

onwards, further promotion to Principal Scientific Officer (£2,174-£3,0»2) takes effect from 30 onwards (normally at about 35). Beyond this there are op­portunities to rise to the highest scientific posts in the country.

Entrants with appropriate post­graduate experience, for example Ph.D., may expect a higher starting salary which may be further increased to take account of special ability and experience if it is particularly relevant to the work of the Establishment.

Much of the Establishment ac­tivity is in the applied research field but considerable basic re­search is carried out to extend the frontiers of knowledge in aerospace science. This offers the graduate the best of both worlds and inasmuch as he will often bo in direc; contact with scientists of other nations on their own ground, he has an oppor­tunity of acquiring an interna­tional reputation in his particular field.

Further details from: Ministry of Avialion, Staff Personnel Branch, Royal Aircraft Establishment, Farnborough, Hants.

BRITISH OXYGEN The Graduate in The Company

British Oxygen Company Limited, with its subsidiary companies throughout the world, is engaged in the manufacture and supply of industrial and medical gases. This basic activity has led not only to the manufacture of chemical plant and equipment, but to quite sophisticated processes in the field of electric welding.

The Company has been further diversified by the development of an extremely competitive Chemical Company very much interested in acetylene and its derivatives. With sales now topping £80 million per annum, British Oxygen has gas producing plants in most major towns and has engineering factories in Edmonton, Tottenham, Harlow and Oateshead. The Research Centre is at Morden and the New Tech­nical Centre at Cricklewood.

There are opportunities for graduates in physical chemistry, chemical engineering, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, metallurgy, physics and mathematics. In a progressive expanding company like British Oxygen their talents will not be wasted.

The Company is sincerely interested in offering a young man not just a job, but a career. Care is taken to identify talent within the company and to provide maximum training facilities particularly in the field of management. There is the company's own well estab­lished Staff College at Chartridge, Bucks, and also a man may be sent on an outside course by the Company if it will benefit his career.

The job is most satisfying. Managers and technologists are engaged in work which is important and worthwhile to the community. They collaborate with colleagues who have a high degree of skill and professional training.

Salaries and fringe benefits, which are continuously reviewed, compare favourably with other leading British Companies. Further details can be obtained from :

The Group Staff Officer, The British Oxygen Company Ltd., Hammersmith House, London, W.6.

Model of U.K.3 satellite, the R-A.E. is the design authority foi the

first British satellite, U.KJ.

8 C A R E E R S

L

Matthew Hall Engineering Ltd., is a major Company within the Matthew Hal l group, and is one of the leading British Companies in the fields of Petroleum, Chemical and Industrial Engineering,

Diversification of interests has brought about an expansion ot the Company and increased demands for our services, and there are many opportunities open to ambitious, qualified young chemi­cal engineers who are interested in making a career in the petro­chemical industry, working on the many large and varied con­tracts on which we are engaged in this country and overseas.

Typical of recent contracts are a Nylon Plant; a Fertilizer Plant, a Food Processing plant; three Sulphur Terminals, a num­

ber of petro-chemical plant installations, and important work at many of the country's nuclear establishments and power stations.

Matthew Hal l Engineering Ltd., offer a complete service to industry, from the initial design of a process or plant which may include civil engineering, architectural design, piping and plant layout, mechanical and electrical engineering, and istrumetation— to the procurement of materials and equipment and the installation and commissioning of the completed project.

Analysis and evaluation of new and improved processes and methods is always in progress and our engineers make on-the-spot investigations in any part of the world where new and promis­ing developments are reported.

OUR DESIGN

HEADQUARTERS

Administrative staff of

Housing a Design and

over 1,200

If you would like to learn more about us, please write to our Per­sonnel Department who will be pleased to arrange an interview with our Technical Managers. They will be happy to discuss any aspect of our work and to answer your queries.

GEOPHYSICISTS Geophysical Service International Ltd. is a contract geophysical company with world-wide opera ions. GSI is interested in all aspects of applied geophysics.

If you will have a post graduate diploma or degree in geophysics—contact G.S.I.

If you will have a B.Sc. degree in mathematics and physics with some geology, in electrical engineer­ing or in a related field—contact G.S.I

G.S.1. pays well and expects hard work in return. If you are interested in joining a company with progressive ideas in applied geophysics submit your details by letter, to:—

Personnel Administrator,

G E O P H Y S I C A L S E R V I C E I N T E R N A T I O N A L L T O *

A T E X A S I N S T R U M E N T S COMPANY

ROMAN HOUSE • WOOD STREET • LONDON E. C. 2, ENGLAND

quoting reference 15/65/Felix

CAREER.,?

GRADUATE TRAINING

AT RRISTRL SIDDELEY With three main centres, the Aero Division at Bristol, the Indus­

trial Division in the Coventry area and the Small Engine Division in North London, Bristol Siddeley is one of three largest aero-engine manufacturers in the Western World to-day. Their activities cover the whole range of aerospace propulsion from piston-engines, turbo-jets and turbo fans to rocket engines and ramjets. They also have interests outside aviation, including gas turbine power for industrial and marine applications.

The Company has vacancies both for direct entry graduates and for graduates interested in undertaking a period of training before committing themselves to a particular department. •

Naturally in some areas of study it is beneficial both to the graduate—and to the organisation —to undertake a degree in paral­lel with industrial experience. In others it is better that the indus­trial period should follow on from the academic.

A graduate may find that, after discussion with the Company's Training Department and staff from the department relevant to his work, it would be to his ad­vantage to take up an immediate appointment and undergo training " on the job." His own particu­lar specialisation and experience would be taken into considera­tion in making this decision.

Moreover, should a graduate be uncertain about his future, the Company will offer training courses that are both flexible and comprehensive and specifically designed to match the individual requirements, needed.

Because of the wide opportuni­ties available to graduates withir

the organisation, the training pro­gramme has to cover an equally broad field. As graduate interests and experience are equally varied, the training programmes are drawn up following discussions with the individual concerned. Therefore each graduate is given separate treatment and, in conse­quence, it is not possible to illustrate a universal training course.

Post-graduate training can be, of up to two years duration. A graduate with no previous experi­ence wishing to enter, say, the Manufacturing Department, would probably be required to undergo a full course, during which he would obtain, in addi­tion to experience appropriate to his future appointment, basic workshop experience meeting the requirements of the Institutions of Mechanical, Production and Elec­trical Engineers.

Alternatively, a graduate who already has some practical experi­ence may take a shorter period of training. Allowing for the value of his previous expcr!:nce, and with his future interest assessed, the Training Department will arrange a training programme to suit his specific needs.

•We are', said Henry Ford at the International Ford Conference in Paris,

'in the people business'. At Ford we know that quality in cars depends

on the calibre of men. The pace of your career with us depends on that

calibre as surely as the speed of your car depends on the power built into it.

Ford build more and more cars, trucks and tractors, need more and more

men. The headquarters of this expanding company is in Brentwood, Essex,

but Ford is going ahead in London, Dagenham and Liverpool.

We need ALL kinds of graduates -^mechanical engineers, for design and

development; arts men, scientists and economists. The technological

revolution came long ago at Ford;

And training for a progressive career takes prime place at Ford.

Engineers follow a two-year graduate apprenticeship designed to meet

I. Mech. E. requirements; there/are courses for finance trainees and grad­

uate trainees— those interested in sales, purchase, industrial relations

and marketing.

Graduates will find Ford rewarding I Salaries begin at an £876 minimum.

Most arts and economics graduates will be earning £1,128 in less than

a year—engineers get an increase of £96 at the end of the first year's

apprenticeship and at least another £96 at the end of their second.

From then on acceleration depends on you.

Promotion at Ford is traditionally from within and graduates have accel­

erated quickly here. Management Development operates to make sure

they can.

There's much to interest the graduate at Ford.

See your Appointments Board, or write for details to J . S. Smale,

Room 1/174, Ford Motor Company, Warley, i

Brentwood, Essex, who will be visiting

IMPERIAL COLLEGE

3rd MARCH an

O F B R I T A I N

A. . . that, we believe, aptly describes the varied careers open to you In the SCIENTIFIC CIVIL SERVICE because it is the largest single employer of scientists and research engineers in this country—and It is more than probable that you will be able to find work precisely suited to your particular talents and qualifications.

SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS ARE NEEDED AT PRESENT IN MOST OF THE

PRINCIPAL GOVERNMENT LABORATORIES Entering with a 1st or2nd class honours degree as a Scientific Officer, you could soon lead or direct some research and development activity, with the prospect of rising to Principal Scientific Officer in your thirties (current top salary over £2,800). Further promotion prospects are very good, for many higher posts (carrying salaries of up to and over £8,000) are open to all.

A s a research worker in the Scientific Civil Service, you could enjoy:

— responsible work with full opportunities to exercise initiative, In a rewarding career.

— membership of a vigorous scientific community with the finest equipment and facilities.

—excellent support from the Experimental Officer class (many of whom are themselves graduates) who conduct the research, and ready co-operation from libraries, design offices, workshops, etc. —work either in Civil Science, where we strive to promote the contribution of science to the life of the country, or in many challenging problems in Defence Science.

Recruitment is by interview, following application either to the Civil Service Commission (for permanent, pensionable appointments) or to the various Government Departments or Scientific Laboratories for appointments which are not initially permanent.

ijlifc "For full details and a free copy of the booklet,

2§SJr "The Scientific Civil Service" write TODAY to:

^(P^ The Civil Service Commission, 23 Savile Row, London, W.I.

S C I E N T I F I C CIVIL S E R V I C E

C A R E E R S 11

BIOLOGY—A Job

Wi th A GAMBLE Only if he is prepared to teach can the biologist be really sure

of a job, particularly if he has a mediocre or poor degree. Jobs for the naturalist who prefers an open-air life are more limited than in the laboratory.

The majority of jobs require further training, which ought to be planned in advance. University departments foster a somewhat narrow view of a subject acknowledged to be not only complex but in a state of transition, and which is constantly throwing up new and interesting possibilities. In the outside world, competition is keen, and the graduate will have to contend not only with rival biologists but with chemists and physicists nibbling at his subject.

Forty-two per cent, of all biologists to-day are employed in teaching. In schools the main demand is for biology rather than specifically zoology or botany; there is also a demand for rural science and allied subjects. In all cases a year's teachers' training course and a genuine_enthusiasm for the subject are desirable.

Some 200 posts should be ad­vertised this year for assistant lecturers or lecturers in technical and training colleges and CATs to teach biology, botany, zoology, general science and microbiology. Salaries are between those in schools and universities; a lec­turer can expect £1,670-£1,895, while the maximum for a depart­ment head is £3,035.

University appointments are at least as much concerned with re­search as teaching, and subjects

are obviously more specialised than at school or college level. Salaries range from £1,050 for an assistant lecturer to £4,750 for a professor.

Far from being a medical monopoly there are a number of openings in medical research for specialists, including physiolo­gists, microbiologists, biochemists, pharmacologists and biopbysicists. Apart from industry, the biggest employer, is M R C . Career and salary prospects are similar to tjhose at the universities. Research and clinical work can also be done in the hospital service, particu­larly by biochemists, where sala­ries start at £720 and may rise to £2,900. .

Agriculture and horticulture provide a number of opportuni­ties. The National Agricultural Advisory Service requires ad­visory biologists in the fields of bacteriology, plant pathology and entomology. Other openings are offered by the Ministry of Agri­culture, the Agriculture Research Council,, and the Nature Conser­vancy.

In the Civil Service the main departments are the DSIR and in the research establishments of the Natural History Museum, Kew, the Home Office Forensic Science laboratories, the Services, and the Ministry of Agriculture.,

90 per cent, of the biologists employed in industry are confined to manufacturers of food, drink, tobacco, chemicals, and pharma­ceuticals. The rest are thinly scattered among manufacturers or trade associations concerned with cotton, leather, wool, paint, baking and milling.

R E C R U I T M E N T P R O G R A M M E

FIRMS YET TO COME

Operational Research

— A Progressive Line Management is reputed to have called Operational Research

" an expensive way for young men to insult their elders and betters." Since the war OR has made rapid progress and shows every

sign of continuing to expand. Ten years ago there were 40 OR estab­lishments ; to-day there are more than double that number.

Recruits are in short supply. The reason is that the good OR man or woman is at least of management calibre. He or she may hold one of a variety of degrees (maths, physics, chemistry and engineering are most sought after, but there are good opportunities for biologists), generally a 1st or upper 2nd. A good analytical brain is needed plus knowledge of maths (at least to A level) and statistics. Employers also look for good personality and a fair degree of maturity. Boffins and carpet-baggers, however able, are not welcome. OR people on the job must be able to mix equally with the managing director and the bloke on the shop floor.

Oldest customer is government,

To-day 24 February Alcan (Ch), Aluminium Labs (Ch), David Brown (Gen, ME) , G E G B (ME), Hoover (ME), Metal Box (ME), Royal Aircraft Establishment (ME). Tomorrow, 25 February Alcan (Ph), Aluminium Labs (Ph) ,Esso (ChE), London Trans­port (Gen, E E , M , ME) , Steel Co of Wales (Gen, Ch, E E , M , M E , Met, Ph).

Friday, 26th February Esso (Ph), London Transport

(Ch, Met, Ph), Metal Box (Ph). Monday, 1 March

Esso (ChE), Mobil (Ch, ME), C E G B (Ch). Tuesday, 2nd March

Mobil (ChE). Wednesday, 3rd March

English Electric (EE, M) Esso (Ch. ME) , Ford (Gen). Hawker Siddeley (AE, E E , ME) , Shell (Gen). Thursday, 4 March

Hawker Siddeley (EE, M , Met, Ph), Shell (Ph). Friday, 5 March

Fefranti (EE, Ph), G K N (M, Ph), Proctor & Gamble (Ph),

Shell (ME). Monday, 8 March

Unilever (Ch). Wednesday, 10 March

Nuclear Power Group (EE, ME) , Perkins (ME), Pilkjngton Ch, M) , Plessey (ME), Avon (ME). Thursday, 11 March

Nuclear Power Group (Ph), R T B (Gen), Shell (Gen), T & N (Gen), Unilever (Ph). Friday, 12 March

C E G B (Ph), Morganite (Ph). Monday, 15 March

Shell (ChE, Ch), Anglo-Ameri­can Corp (MinE). Tuesday, 16 March

U K A E A (ChE, M) . Wednesday, 17 March

Aluminium Labs (EE, M E ) , A i r Products (ME).

Key: AE—Aeronautical Engin­eering, Ch—Chemistry, ChE— Chemical Engineering, E E — Electrical Engineering, G-General M—Mathematics, M E — Mecha­nical Engineering, Met—Metal­lurgy, Min E—-Mining Engin­eering, Ph—Physics.

Provided a lifetime's career abroad is not counted on, there are still many opportunities in tropical countries, mostly in uni­versities and government labora­tories, and to a limited extent in research departments of com­mercial companies with an inter­est in such products as sugar cane, rubber, tea and oil palms. Openings exist for practically every type of biological discipline. The bulk of the recruitment is handled by the Ministry of Over­seas Development. , But the biologist should not feel

compelled to go on using his de­gree; there are a growing number of jobs for which biology is a useful rather than essential preli­minary, and which demand other qualifications such as modern lan­guages or a flair for organisation or selling.

C A R E E R

S H O R T S T H E H O S P I T A L S E R V I C E

has openings for biochemists and physicists.

T H E R U B B E R A N D P L A S ­TICS industries are currently suf­fering from a shortage of techno­logists with a background of chemistry and physics, graduates in pure and applied science, quali­fied engineers familiar with poly­mers and men with postgraduate polymer research experience.

O N L Y A T A N G L E of physical and human shortages holds back an explosion on the skyline of Britain's towns and cities. Re­sponsibility and the big jobs probably come earlier in the building and construction industry

particularly for the different as­pects of defence, who recruit through the Scientific Civil Ser­vice. New graduates can come in as scientific officers, and ex­perienced people over 26 as senior scientific officers.

In industry some of the biggest customers are the nationalised ones, conspicuously N C B and C E G B , but in recent years there has been an encouraging increase in the application of O R to private industry.

Departments range from the large and highly professional ones like B I S R A to mixed groups also doing Management Services.

. Where O R is taken seriously there [ will generally be a team of people

with varied degree backgrounds, mostly working on the same prob­lems, but making different con­tributions depending on their speciality and experience. Nearly all take a few inexperienced graduates.

For the would-be specialist one way to get in to O R is to take a course, leading to a diploma, MSc or PhD, at IC, L S E , Cranfield, Birmingham or Manchester. Such graduates can demand a higher salary.

Alternatively one may join one of the biggest units that offer really sound training, theoretical and practical. If your interest is genuine but unspecialist, however, you can gain a few year's experi­ence in a government department or with a large commercial or industrial firm as a management trainee; should your interest awaken later, O R will still be open to you up to the age of about 30.

Market price for the inex­perienced graduate is around £900. People with a postgradu­ate OR qualification can get from £1.100 to £1.400. Very average salary for an experienced and eompsttnt person is £2,500, while managers of departments can ex­pect at least £4,000.

than in any other of the major economic activities

D O Y O U L I K E getting to know people? Then how about becom­ing a personnel manager?

12 C A R E E R S

DO YOU KNOW WHY UNILEVER RESEARCH

IS A FIRST-CLASS CAREER CHOICE?

T H E MAIN FUNCTION of Unilever

Research Division is to help Unilever keep

its position in the commercial and industrial

world—by intensive research into the funda­

mental scientific aspects of products it sells

or wishes to sell; and by the development

of new or improved processes or products.

Thus, the scientist in Research Division is

essential to the future prosperity of Unilever.

If you are interested in investigating basic re­search problems you'll find the scope is wide, and you will be permitted to publish your results. If you are concerned with applied research-pro­jects you will not only find the work interesting but have the satisfaction of seeing it recognised in patents and in products on the market. If at first you ire uncertain which way your inclination lies, you will have plenty of opportunity to find out when you join a Laboratory.

How do you keep in touch ? As a scientist in Unilever, you have access to the resources of Research Division. The facilities available include a wide range of specialised techniques, X-ray diffraction, I.R., U.V., N.M.R., E.S.R., Raman spectroscopy, mass, spectrometry, electron microscopes and electronic computers.

You learn what is going on in the other Labora­tories, both in the U.K.. and abroad, by the circu­lation of reports, by conferences and by personal contact. Close contact is also kept with the Uni­versities through University Staff who act as consultants, and/ity Unilever scientists who work in Universities. You are encouraged to maintain your own academic contacts and to make new ones, as well as taking part in the affairs of learned societies.

What goes on where ? Unilever Research Division has eleven labora­tories throughout the worlds four of them being in the United Kingdom and the rest on the Continent, in the U.S.A., and in India.

All research activity in the U.K. began at Port Sunlight, Cheshire, and as the result of ex­pansion here independent laboratories were set up in other parts of the country.

Port Sunlight's responsibilities are for deter­gents, soaps, adhesives,. industrial chemicals and for research in connection with the Company's West African timber interests. Its activities in­volve physical chemistry—in particular surface chemistry, physics, mathematics, mechanical and Chemical engineering, information science, as well as product formulation and process development.

Colworth House, Bedfordshire, is concerned with human foods—other than fat-based foods— and animal feeding stuffs. It is also responsible for the biological testing of Unilever products to ensure their safety in use. Activities concern the

study of the raw materials of food production, of plant and animal tissue, and involve bio­chemistry, physical, organic and analytical chemistry, microbiology, histology, pharma­cology, animal pathology, chemical and me­chanical engineering, information science, mathe­matics, product and process development, and plant breeding. Fieldw.~-k is carried out on ex­perimental farms on t*.« estate.

An out-station at Aberdeen in Scotland is concerned with the biochemistry of fish and the farming of shell and white fish.

Isleworth, Middlesex, is responsible for Uni­lever's toilet preparations interests, which in­clude toothpastes, shampoos and cosmetics. Activities are related to the health and treat­ment of hair, skin and teeth. This involves biochemistry, organic and physical chemistry, microbiology, physics, information science, and product formulation and process development.

The Frythe, Welwyn, Hertfordshire, deals with the edible fats side of the business: margarines, ice cream and fats for food manufacture. Ac­tivities concern the physical and chemical characteristics of glycerides, phospholipids and lipoproteins, and the biological function of lipids. This involves organic and physical chem­istry, biochemistry, microbiology, physics, bio­physics, information science, mechanical and chemical engineering, as well as product and process development.

What will you earn ? Salaries will reflect your ability, but you can use this general framework as a guide:

Scientists—the usual starting salary for a newly qualified Ph.D. is £1,250, rising to £1,450 after about one year's service. The new primary graduate, recruited into the Scientist Grade, receives £950 and is awarded scale increases for two years so that his salary reaches £1,250 on establishment. These rates are increased by up to £100 for every year of research experience relative to Unilever's interests. In addition, an extra 5% of salary, with a maximum of £150, is paid to scientists in the Isleworth and Welwyn Laboratories, which are located in the London Area.

Research Assistants at first earn between £730-£850 according to their academic qualifications. Relevant experience is recognised in starting salaries and the 5% London allowance for the Welwyn and Isleworth Laboratories is also paid.

Four weeks' annual holiday leave is given to established Scientists, with three weeks to Scientists before establishment and to Research Assistants. ,

All graduate research staff become members of the Unilever Superannuation Scheme.

Can you get ahead fast ? You will find plenty of opportunities; it depends solely on your ability. Unilever Research is quick to recognise merit, and there's no question of 'standing in line' for promotion, which can be on scientific ability alone.

Is there further training ? Yes. All scientists attend a week's residential course on business principles within about two years of joining the Company. Other training, including management training, is later given as circumstances and prospects demand. Scientists with three or more years' service are eligible to compete for Unilever Internal Research Fellow­ships, which enable you to return to University for one or two years to undertake research of your own choosing. You may also be sent on temporary secondments to other Unilever Divi­sions or to Universities, both in the U.K. and Overseas.

You may, if you wish, spend 10% of your time on a research topic entirely of your own choosing, providing it can be undertaken within the exist­ing resources of the Laboratory.

What vacancies are there ? Unilever Research always needs: chemists— physical, organic and some inorganic; bio­chemists; analytical chemists; physicists; micro­biologists; chemical engineers; mechanical engineers; biochemical engineers; and informa­tion scientists.

There is also a smaller periodic requirement for graduates trained in veterinary medicine, in­cluding animal pathology and physiology; mathematics, especially statistics; radio-chem­ists; and for biologists with specialised post­graduate training in subjects such «s pharma­cology and histology.

For entry to the Scientist Grade we want people with a Ph.D., or good primary degree, or equivalent. They must be scientifically creative and should have initiative, technical skill, and the capacity to relate their science to our industrial situation.

The Research Assistant Grade is for qualified people who want to make a career in the more experimental aspects of the work, arid here there is a greater emphasis on technical skill.

Do you want to know more ? We shall be glad to advise you at any stage of your scientific career, and especially to discuss the possibility of future employment with those graduates who are going abroad for post-doctorate fellowships. An appointment with the representative of Research Division can be made through the University Appointments Board, or you can write direct to the Staff Officer at the address below.

A booklet giving more detailed information on research in Unilever is obtainable from the University of London Appointments Board, 49 Gordon Square, W.C.I, telephone EUSton 7489, or from the Staff Officer, Research Division, Unilever House, Blackfriars, London, E.C4, telephone FLEet Street 7474 (extension 3466).

U N I L E V E R R E S E A R C H

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