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MasteringPhysics: Assignment Print View
Exercise 2.20The position of the front bumper of a test car under microprocessor control is given by
.
Part AFind its position at the first instant when the car has zero velocity.
ANSWER: = 2.17
Correct
Part BFind its acceleration at the first instant when the car has zero velocity.
ANSWER: = 9.60
Correct
Part CFind its position at the second instant when the car has zero velocity.
ANSWER: = 15.0
Correct
Part DFind its acceleration at the second instant when the car has zero velocity.
ANSWER: = -38.4
Correct
Part E
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MasteringPhysics: Assignment Print View
Draw graph for the motion of the bumper between and .
ANSWER:
View Correct
Part F
Draw graph for the motion of the bumper between and .
ANSWER:
View Correct
Part G
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MasteringPhysics: Assignment Print View
Draw graph for the motion of the bumper between and .
ANSWER:
View All attempts used; correct answer displayed
Exercise 2.30
At a car is stopped at a traffic light. When the light turns green, the car starts to speed
up, and gains speed at a constant rate until it reaches a speed of 20 8 seconds after the light turns green. The car continues at a constant speed for 60 . Then the driver sees a red light up ahead at the next intersection, and starts slowing down at a constant rate. The car stops at the red light, 180 from where it was at .
Part A
Draw accurate graph for the motion of the car.
ANSWER:
View All attempts used; correct answer displayed
Part B
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MasteringPhysics: Assignment Print View
Draw accurate graph for the motion of the car.
ANSWER:
View All attempts used; correct answer displayed
Exercise 2.32
The figure is a graph of the acceleration of a model railroad locomotive moving on the x-axis.
Part A
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MasteringPhysics: Assignment Print View
Graph its velocity as functions of time if and at .
ANSWER:
View Answer Requested
Part B
Graph its x-coordinate as functions of time if and at .
ANSWER:
View Answer Requested
Exercise 2.34
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MasteringPhysics: Assignment Print View
A subway train starts from rest at a station and accelerates at a rate of for 14.0
. It runs at constant speed for 70.0 and slows down at a rate of until it stops at the next station.
Part AFind the total distance covered.
ANSWER: = 1.80
Correct
Exercise 2.53
The graph in the figure describes the acceleration as a function of time for a stone rolling down a hill starting from rest.
Part A
Find the change in the stone's velocity between and .
Express your answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER: = 30
Correct
Part B
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MasteringPhysics: Assignment Print View
Sketch a graph of the stone's velocity as a function of time.
ANSWER:
View Answer Requested
Problem 2.55
The position of a particle between and is given by
.
Part A
Draw the - graphs of this particle.
ANSWER:
View Correct
Part B
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MasteringPhysics: Assignment Print View
Draw the - graphs of this particle.
ANSWER:
View All attempts used; correct answer displayed
Part C
Draw the - graphs of this particle.
ANSWER:
View Correct
Part D
At what time(s) between and is the paslyrticle instantaneou at rest?
Express your answer numerically. If there is more than one answer enter each answer separated by a comma.
ANSWER: = 0.630,1.60
Correct
Part E
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MasteringPhysics: Assignment Print View
At is the acceleration of the particle positive or negative?
ANSWER: positivenegative
Correct
Part F
At is the acceleration of the particle positive or negative?
ANSWER: positivenegative
Correct
Part G
At what time(s) between and is the velocity of the particle instantaneously not changing?
Express your answer numerically. If there is more than one answer enter each answer separated by a comma.
ANSWER: = 1.11
Correct
Part H
What is the particle's greatest distance from the origin between and
?
ANSWER: = 2.45
Correct
Part I
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At what time(s) between and is the particle speeding up at the greatest rate?
Express your answer numerically. If there is more than one answer enter each answer separated by a comma.
ANSWER: = 2.00
Correct
Part J
At what time(s) between and is the particle slowing down at the greatest rate?
Express your answer numerically. If there is more than one answer enter each answer separated by a comma.
ANSWER: = 0.00×100
Correct
Problem 2.70
Two stunt drivers drive directly toward each other. At time the two cars are a distance apart, car 1 is at rest, and car 2 is moving to the left with speed . Car 1 begins to move
at , speeding up with a constant acceleration . Car 2 continues to move with a constant velocity.
Part AAt what time do the two cars collide?
ANSWER:
Correct
Part B
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MasteringPhysics: Assignment Print View
Find the speed of car 1 just before it collides with car 2.
ANSWER:
Correct
Test Your Understanding 2.1: Average Velocity
Part A
Rank the following trips in order of their average -velocity, from most positive to most negative. The positive -direction is to the north.
ANSWER:
View All attempts used; correct answer displayed
Automobiles and both have average -velocity zero, since the net displacement for each trip is zero. Automobile has a net northward (positive) -displacement
in time , so
. Automobiles and both have
a net southward (negative) -displacement . For , so
; for , so
.
Test Your Understanding 2.3: Instantaneous Acceleration
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MasteringPhysics: Assignment Print View
The accompanying figure is an graph of the motion of a particle.
Part A
Rank the following points on the graph in order from most positive to most negative -acceleration.
ANSWER:
View All attempts used; correct answer displayed
The concavity or curvature at a certain point on an graph shows the value of the -acceleration at that point. Hence this problem is really asking you to rank these points according to their concavity. Note that the value of or the slope of the graph does not matter. For example, at point the -acceleration is positive while is negative and the slope (equal to ) is positive; at point the -acceleration is zero while is zero and is positive; at point the -acceleration is negative while
is positive and is zero; and at point the -acceleration is zero while is
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MasteringPhysics: Assignment Print View
positive and is negative.
Exercise 2.50
The acceleration of a bus is given by , where = 1.18 is a constant.
Part A
If the bus's velocity at time = 1.04 is 4.97 , what is its velocity at time = 2.20 ?
ANSWER: = 7.19
Correct
Part BIf the bus's position at time = 1.04 is 6.00 , what is its position at time = 2.20 ?
ANSWER: = 12.9
Correct
Problem 2.67
Large cockroaches can attain a speed of 2.20 in short bursts. Suppose you turn on the light in a cheap motel and see one scurrying directly away from you at a constant speed 2.20 as you move toward it at a speed of 0.900 .
Part AIf you start a distance 0.880 behind it, what minimum constant acceleration would you need to catch up with it when it has traveled a distance 1.50 , just short of safety under a counter?
ANSWER: =
7.60 Answer Requested
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MasteringPhysics: Assignment Print View
Problem 2.65A ball starts from rest and rolls down a hill with uniform acceleration, traveling 120 during the second 6.0 of its motion.
Part AHow far did it roll during the first 6.0 of motion?
Express your answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER: = 40
Correct
Multiple Choice Question - 2.30
Part AFigure 2.3
An object is moving in a straight line (the x-axis). The graph in Fig. 2.3 shows the x-coordinate of this object as a function of time. Which one of the following statements about this object is correct?
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MasteringPhysics: Assignment Print View
ANSWER: Between points A and B, both the x-component of its average velocity and its average speed are equal to 0.75 m/s. Between points A and B, both the x-component of its average velocity and its average speed are less than 0.75 m/s. Between points A and B, both the x-component of its average velocity and its average speed are greater than 0.75 m/s. Between points A and B, the x-component of its average velocity is 0.75 m/s, but its average speed is greater than 0.75 m/s. Between points A and B, the x-component of its average velocity is 0.75 m/s, but its average speed is less than 0.75 m/s.
Correct
Short Answer Question - 2.3
Part A
The position of an object as a function of time is given by where
, , and .
(a) Find the instantaneous acceleration at = 4.5 s. (b) Find the average acceleration over the first 4.5 seconds.
Express your answers using two significant figures separated by a comma.
ANSWER: 200,92 Answer Requested
Exercise 3.4
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MasteringPhysics: Assignment Print View
Part A
If , where and are positive constants, when does the velocity vector
make an angle of with the x- and y-axes?
ANSWER: =
Correct
Exercise 3.28
On your first day at work for an appliance manufacturer, you are told to figure out what to do to the period of rotation during a washer spin cycle to triple the centripetal acceleration. You impress your boss by answering immediately.
Part AWhat do you tell her?
Express your answer in terms of .
ANSWER: = 0.577 Correct
Problem 3.44
A faulty model rocket moves in the xy-plane (the positive y-direction is vertically upward). The rocket's acceleration has components and , where = 2.50
, = 9.00 , and = 1.40 . At the rocket is at the origin and has
velocity with = 1.00 and = 7.00 .
Part A
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MasteringPhysics: Assignment Print View
Calculate the velocity vector as a function of time.
Express your answer in terms of , , , , and . Write the vector
in the form , , where the x and y components are separated by a comma.
ANSWER: =
Correct
Part BCalculate the position vector as a function of time.
Express your answer in terms of , , , , and . Write the vector in
the form , where the x and y components are separated by a comma.
ANSWER: =
Correct
Part CWhat is the maximum height reached by the rocket?
ANSWER: = 341
Correct
Part D
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MasteringPhysics: Assignment Print View
Sketch the path of the rocket.
ANSWER:
View Answer Requested
Part E
What is the horizontal displacement of the rocket when it returns to ?
ANSWER: = 38.5
Correct
Problem 3.50: Spiraling Up
It is common to see birds of prey rising upward on thermals. The paths they take may be spiral-like. You can model the spiral motion as uniform circular motion combined with a constant upward velocity. Assume a bird completes a circle of radius 8.00 every 5.00 and rises vertically at a rate of 3.00 .
Part AFind the speed of the bird relative to the ground.
ANSWER: = 10.5
Correct
Part B
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MasteringPhysics: Assignment Print View
Find the magnitude of the bird's acceleration.
ANSWER: = 12.6
Correct
Part CFind the direction of the bird's acceleration.
ANSWER: = 0×100 Correct above the horizontal
Part DFind the angle between the bird's velocity vector and the horizontal.
ANSWER: = 16.6
Correct
Exercise 3.39
A canoe has a velocity of 0.55 southeast relative to the earth. The canoe is on a river
that is flowing 0.59 east relative to the earth.
Part AFind the magnitude of the velocity of the canoe relative to the river.
Express your answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER: = 0.44 Correct
Part B
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MasteringPhysics: Assignment Print View
Find the direction of the velocity of the canoe relative to the river.
Express your answer as an angle measured south of west. Express your answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER: = 63 Correct south of west
Problem 3.79: Centrifuge on Mercury
A laboratory centrifuge on earth makes and produces an acceleration of 6.80 at its outer end.
Part AWhat is the acceleration (in 's) at a point halfway out to the end?
ANSWER: = 3.40
Correct
Part BThis centrifuge is now used in a space capsule on the planet Mercury, where is 0.378 what it is on earth. How many (in terms of ) should it make to produce 7
at its outer end?
ANSWER: = 0.624
Correct
Problem 3.85
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MasteringPhysics: Assignment Print View
In a World Cup soccer match, Juan is running due north toward the goal with a speed of 8.00 relative to the ground. A teammate passes the ball to him. The ball has a speed of 13.7
and is moving in a direction of 30.2 east of north, relative to the ground.
Part AWhat is the magnitude of the ball's velocity relative to Juan?
ANSWER: = 7.89
Correct
Part BWhat is the direction of the ball's velocity relative to Juan?
ANSWER: = 29.1 Correct north of east
Problem 3.91
For no apparent reason, a poodle is running at a constant speed of 3.30 in a circle with
radius 2.9 . Let be the velocity vector at time , and let be the velocity vector at
time . Consider and . Recall that .
Part A
For = 0.4 calculate the magnitude (to four significant figures) of the average acceleration .
Express your answer using four significant figures.
ANSWER: = 3.723
Correct
Part B
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MasteringPhysics: Assignment Print View
For = 0.4 calculate the direction (relative to ) of the average acceleration .
ANSWER: = 103
Correct
Part C
For = 0.2 calculate the magnitude (to four significant figures) of the average acceleration .
Express your answer using four significant figures.
ANSWER: = 3.747
Correct
Part D
For = 0.2 calculate the direction (relative to ) of the average acceleration .
ANSWER: = 96.5
Correct
Part E
For = 5×10−2 calculate the magnitude (to four significant figures) of the average acceleration .
Express your answer using four significant figures.
ANSWER: = 3.755
Correct
Part F
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MasteringPhysics: Assignment Print View
For = 5×10−2 calculate the direction (relative to ) of the average acceleration .
ANSWER: = 91.6
Correct
Part G
Compare your results to the general expression for the instantaneous acceleration for uniform circular motion that is derived in the text.
ANSWER: the magnitude of is less than of and tends to the magnitude of is greater than of and tends to
Correct
Problem 3.93
Two students are canoeing on a river. While heading upstream, they accidentally drop an empty bottle overboard. They then continue paddling for 1.2 , reaching a point 2.6 farther upstream. At this point they realize that the bottle is missing and, driven by ecological awareness, they turn around and head downstream. They catch up with and retrieve the bottle (which has been moving along with the current) 5.5 downstream from the turn-around point.
Part AAssuming a constant paddling effort throughout, how fast is the river flowing?
ANSWER: =
1.21 Answer Requested
Part B
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MasteringPhysics: Assignment Print View
What would the canoe speed in a still lake be for the same paddling effort?
ANSWER: =
3.38 Answer Requested
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