1929-1939 stock market crash didn ’ t realize the effect it would have no money to replenish what...
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1929-1939• Stock market
crash
• Didn’t realize the effect it would have
• No money to replenish what was borrowed
Many found being broke humiliating.
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The Roaring 20’s• The new concept of
“credit” • People were buying:
– Automobiles
– Appliances
– Clothes
• Fun times reigned– Dancing
– Flappers
– Drinking
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Why was this bad?• Credit system
– People didn’t really have the money they were spending
• WWI– The U.S. was a major
credit loaner to other nations in need
– Many of these nations could not pay us back
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The Stock Market• People bought stocks
on margins– If a stock is $100 you
can pay $10 now and the rest later when the stock rose
• Stocks fall– Now the person has
less than $100 and no money to pay back
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And then….
• With people panicking about their money, investors tried to sell their stocks– This led to a huge decline in
stocks– Stocks were worthless now
• People who bought on “margins,” could not pay
• Investors were average people who were now broke
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• Herbert Hoover was president at the start
• Philosophy: We’ll make it!
• What He Did: Nothing
• The poor were looking for help, and no ideas or help was coming
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• Farmers were already feeling the effects– Prices of crops decreased– Many farms foreclosed
• People could not afford luxuries– Factories shut down– Businesses closed
• Banks could not pay out money• People could not pay their taxes
– Schools shut down due to lack of funds
• Many families became homeless and had to live in shanties
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Many waited in unemployment lines hoping for a job.
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People in cities would wait in line for bread to bring to their families.
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Some families were forced to relocate because they had no money.
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“Hooverville”• Some families were
forced to live in shanty towns– A grouping of shacks
and tents in vacant lots
• They were referred to as “Hooverville” because of President Hoover’s lack of help during the Depression.
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A drought in the South led to dust storms that destroyed crops.
“The Dust Bowl”
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The South Was Buried
• Crops turned to dust=No food to be sent out
• Homes buried
• Fields blown away
• South in state of emergency
• Dust Bowl - the #1 weather crisis of the 20th century
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Two Families During the Depression
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A Farm Foreclosure
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Some families tried to make money by selling useful crafts like baskets.
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*FDR*• When he was
inaugurated, unemployment had increased by 7 million.
• Poor sections (like Harlem) had 50% of the pop. unemployed
• Instated the “New Deal”
• Yea! Frankie!
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• People everywhere were affected by the Depression
• It wasn’t until President Roosevelt took over and tried to put the economy back together that people even saw a glimmer of hope
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Major Historical Happenings...
• Jim Crow Laws
• Scottsboro Trials
• Recovering from the Great Depression
• Racial Injustice
• Poor South
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Jim Crow Laws• After the American Civil War, most
states in the South passed anti-African American legislation. These became known as Jim Crow laws.
• These laws included segregation in…– Schools -- Hospitals
– Theaters -- Water fountains
– Restaurants
– Hotels
– Public transportation
– Some states forbid inter-racial marriages
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• These laws were instituted in 1896 and were not abolished until the late 1950’s (even then, still not completely).
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• 9 young African-American men (13-20) accused of raping 2 white girls in 1931
• Immediately sentenced to death
• Trials went on for nearly 15 years before all the men were acquitted
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• Started on a train bound for Memphis
• Several white men boarded and picked a fight with the black men
• Whites were forced off train by the 12 black men. The white men reported the the black men had raped two white girls on the train to authorities
• They were immediately arrested and tried in front of an all-white jury.
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The trials caused a huge uproar amongst the black community.
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