189B CONTACT INFORMATION, DIRECTIONS &VISITOR POLICY¶ Instructors¶

Jeremy Hourigan ￫ email: hourigan@ucsc.edu¶ Office: A221¶ Phone: (831) 459-2873¶ Cell phone: (650) 269-6259¶ Spring office hours: by appointment¶

Teaching Assistants

Kellen Martin email: knmartin@ucsc.edu¶ Will Chapman email: wachapma@ucsc.edu¶

Camp The UCSC 189B field site headquarters (Camp Ferguson) is located at the top of Westgard Pass (Hwy. 168) and the intersection of the White and Inyo Mountain Ranges, at >7000’ elevation. At the north end of Big Pine turn left (east) on Hwy. 168 and drive approximately 12.6 miles to near the top of Westgard Pass (Figure 1). Turn left (north) at the road with the Cedar Flats Group Camps sign, and follow the signs to Camp Ferguson (our camp is ~0.5 miles from the paved road (Hwy. 168). The secondary (turnoff) road soon turns to dirt, and if you keep going straight you’ll end up at Camp Ferguson. Please drive slowly (10 mph) off-road in order to minimize dust in all the group campgrounds in this area.¶ There is NO cell phone reception and no internet service at Camp Ferguson (sorry (not really!) textaholics). However, when you drive into the Owens Valley (on days off or in late afternoons on working days) you will be in cell tower range. We keep a satellite phone in camp to use in case of emergencies, and you may use that to leave urgent messages if necessary. Emergency contact numbers for 189B are listed on page 2. 189B Camp Contact Information

Mail Address General Delivery c/o UCSC Geology Field Camp Big Pine, CA 93513

Phone numbers

Jeremy’s Cell Phone 650-269-6259

White Mountain Research Station (Bishop, CA) 760-873-4344 (for SERIOUS emergencies ONLY - they will have to drive 1 HOUR to get to us):

EART 189B p. 2

Field Sites Poleta Fold Belt: Located due east of our campground, in Deep Springs Valley Field trip sites will be described in future handouts. 189B Visitor Policy Field geology students may have visitors on their 189B ‘days off’, which begin at 6:00 p.m. on the preceding day and end at 10:00 p.m. on the actual ‘day off’. Because of past problems, visitors (including alumni) may not stay overnight at our camp*. Visitors may eat dinner in camp on the evening before a day off if you let Hilde and the camp cooks know well in advance that they are coming, and you pay the cooks $10 to cover the cost of their meal. All other meals should be self-supplied. Since Camp Ferguson is a dry camp (that is, the Forest Service does not provide any water), we also ask that visitors bring all their own water for drinking and bathing. *With the exception of parents

Figure 1: Shaded relief map of the Bishop-Big Pine-Westgard Pass area. In Big Pine turn east onto CA 168. Do not turn onto the Death Valley Road. Be mindful of oncoming traffic as you pass through the “Narrows”. As 168 levels out, look for a sign Cedar Flat Campground on your left. Turn on this road and proceed straight to Camp Ferguson. Drive slowly so as not to kick up dust.

EART 189B p. 3

  

2019 SCHEDULE FOR EART 189B   

June 19 (W)  Meet at 2:00 p.m. in D236; bring gear to pack in UCSC vans 

June 20 (Th)  Depart UCSC at 8:00 a.m. for eastern California.  

June 21 - July 1  EART 189A - The Finnegan Show 

July 1 (M)  Arrive at Westgard Pass, Camp Ferguson by 5 PM. Dinner at 7 PM. Mandatory camp orientation 8 PM 

July 2 (Tu)  Introductory Field Trip 

July 3 (W)  Measure Poleta Fm. and Lower Harkless Fm. stratigraphic section 

July 4 (Th)  Map Little Poleta, Fireworks in Bishop after dinner. 

July 5 - 6 (F - Sa)  Map Little Poleta 

July 7 (Su)  Office Day - Little Poleta map, cross section, and stratigraphic column due at 6 PM 

July 8 (M)  Day Off  

July 9 - 13 (Tu - Sa)  Map Big Poleta (Regional Settings due July 12th) 

July 14 (Su)  Day Off 

July 15 (M)  Map Big Poleta 

July 16 (Tu)  Office Day - Finished stratigraphic column and rock descriptions due at 6 pm 

July 17 - 19 (W - F)  Map Big Poleta (July 19th - Dress-up Day) 

July 20 (Sa)  Field-check maps and cross sections / office day 

July 21 - 22 (Su - M)  Office Days (Poleta report, cross-section and map due at 6 PM) Break down camp. 

July 23 (Tu)  Break down camp; return to Santa Cruz.  

 189B Daily Camp Schedule 

Wake-up call: 5:45 AM  Depart from the field: ~3:00 PM 

Breakfast: 6:15 AM  Dinner: 6:00 PM 

Leave for field: 7:00 AM  Meeting / Work: 7:30 PM → Bedtime 

Quiet Hours: 10:00 PM - 6:00 PM 

EART 189B p. 1

SUMMER FIELD EQUIPMENT

FIELD EQUIPMENT

The following geologic field equipment will be necessary for 189. You must obtain this

equipment on your own if you do not own it already, before arriving at field camp.

Handlens (10x preferable) Soft (H/HB) lead pencil and pens for field notes

Day pack Hard lead pencils or lead holders (fine, 2H –H, HB)

Field notebook Red pencils (hard)

Plastic bags (for samples) Erasers

Rock hammer and holster Pencil sharpener or sand paper

Water bottles (5 liters worth) Map board with cover (at least 11" x 11")

Colored pencils Black and red fine ink pens (01, 03, 005) – bring

Acid bottle/holder multiple 005 and 001 pens….

Protractor rulers

Permanent markers (fat, for marking rock samples)

Wristwatch

The department will supply:

Brunton compasses (short term loan*)

Field books

Gridded and clear velum

A reader (189A only)

Aerial photographs/stereoscopes

Hand-held computer/GPS equipment (short term loan*)

Base maps

Thin sections/stereoscopes

*These items are your responsibility while in your possession. Serious damage or loss of

equipment will be billed to your student account.

PERSONAL EQUIPMENT

tent, sleeping bag, pad, pillow, etc... binoculars*

sunscreen (the sun is brutal) wristwatch

hat and sunglasses (see above) Swiss army knife*

lunch ‘bag’* belt*

toilet paper small first aid kit

camera* insect repellant

bandanna* anti-itch lotion

whistle * flashlights/batteries

matches/lighter* tupperware containers (for sandwiches)*

other toiletries alarm clock

*not absolutely required, but strongly recommended

+ anything else you need to stay alive, comfortable and alert for > one month

EART 189B p. 4

OFFICE SUPPLIES

Required:

Red and black permanent india ink pens (005, 01, 03 weight minimum)

Measuring devices (rulers)

Paper (plain and lined)

Pencils (fine/medium and hard)

109 Reader #1

Recommended:

laptop computer

dictionaries (geological and English)

thesaurus

selected basic text books (structure, sedimentology, etc...)

We will provide a small library of relevant articles and maps that you may also use for research.

RECOMMENDED CLOTHING

Deep Springs and environs are typically hot and dry during the day (though it can get humid).

Temperatures range from the high 80's to over 100 degrees F during the day. Shorts and light,

loose fitting clothing work fine with lots of sunscreen, but others may prefer to cover up

completely. The latter is best for your skin, but be sure to keep the clothing light weight, light

colored and breathable so as to avoid heat stroke. Hats are a must, and light, wide-brimmed, airy

models, such as the cheap ‘beach bum’ straw hats from local drugstores work fine. Sturdy

footwear is also a must. Field boots or ‘running-style’ shoes both work, depending on your

preference and the degree of ankle support you need. We will spend a significant amount of time

on relatively steep slopes. However, beware of bringing brand new boots to summer field: you

may get blisters and the Poleta Fold Belt will chew them up with its ubiquitous, razor-sharp

limestone bedrock and prickly plants. Expensive field clothing is likewise discouraged. Happily,

the Owens Valley hosts some very pleasant watering holes so swimming togs are suggested.

GENERAL COMMENTS

The 189B campground will typically be warm during the day and cool at night. It can also be

rainy, windy and cold, so rain gear, a waterproof tent, and warm jackets are a must. Be aware

that Camp Ferguson is > 7000 feet high, so altitude can also be a problem, especially for the

first few days of class. Be prepared to drink lots of fluids and stay well-protected from the sun.

Mosquitoes are generally rare (though this year could be an exception), but biting flies (such as

‘no-see-ums’), rattlesnakes and scorpions are not uncommon. Insect repellent, flashlights, and

well-sealed tents are the best defense.

EART 189B p. 5

EARTH SCIENCES 189B

UC Santa Cruz

2019 189B GOALS

This course will require completion of several tasks relating to the structure, tectonics,

stratigraphy, and paleoecology of the fascinating rocks in the Deep Springs Valley area. You

will synthesize your observations and interpretations with the literature to place your findings in

the broader context of the geological evolution of the North American Cordillera. Formal field

exercises will take place in two areas and result in the following products:

Little Poleta

1. a ‘warm-up’ geologic map (on a topographic base map) of a small part of the Poleta Fold

Belt

2. one cross section

3. a stratigraphic column of the Poleta Formation and lower Harkless Formation

Big Poleta

1. a large scale geologic map (on a topographic base map) of a larger part of the Poleta Fold

Belt

2. three (to four) geologic cross sections

3. a geologic report

4. a well-kept field book Successful completion of these exercises will require you to use and build on the basic geologic

field skills you acquired in EART 109, or a similar introductory field course. Unlike your

introductory mapping course, however, you now have completed a significant amount of upper-

division coursework in which you learned theory and practice in fields like sedimentology,

petrology, geomorphology, structural geology and tectonics. This knowledge will help place

your interpretations on theoretical terra firma. You are now ready to apply this deeper

understanding to a whole new and challenging field area. Through these exercises, you will

hone:

1. your ability to systematically observe, describe, and measure geologic information in the wild;

2. your ability to interpret geologic information, intelligently and creatively, using sound

geologic principles, the scientific method, and multiple working hypotheses;

3. your ability to construct a logical geologic history of a field site using your observations,

interpretations, and knowledge of regional geologic and tectonic history.

For the Geological Society of America’s book, Classic Cordilleran Concepts, leading

researchers in their respective sub-disciplines nominated “classic” papers from the geological

literature that produced lasting influence on future geologic thought. The classic reference is

presented first followed by a brief article by the citing author. The following quote from Jason

Saleeby (Caltech) regarding a 1966 paper on the Sierra Nevada by Bateman and Wahrhaftig

resonates with the themes of this course:

EART 189B p. 6

Bateman and Wahrhaftig (1966) presented a unique synthesis of Sierra Nevada geology in that they

related descriptive aspects of metamorphic framework, batholith, physiographic geology, and batholith

petrogenesis. Their paper was based primarily on sound field observations and descriptions. It was

published just prior to the inception of the plate tectonic paradigm, but most of the efforts set forth in

their 1966 synthesis survived this paradigm shift in terms of the overall usefulness to subsequent

workers. Perhaps one of the unique aspects of the science of geology is the time transcendence of sound

field observations and descriptions regardless of the paradigm in genetic lines of thought. The work of

Bateman and Wahrhaftig (1966) embodies this principal.

Jason B. Saleeby The Sierra Nevada: Central California's arc Geological Society of America Special Papers, 1999, 338, p.

161-172, doi:10.1130/0-8137-2338-8.161

This is not presented to be erudite, rather to underscore the profound importance and primacy

of good field observations. Making, recording and, ultimately, presenting your observations to

a broader audience is a skill that will serve you well, whatever your trajectory beyond this

course and UCSC.

To this end, you will be expected to do the following during your time in the Poleta Fold Belt:

1. Engage deeply in the never-ending pursuit of neat, thorough and thoughtful field note-

taking. Geologists have field books on their shelves from decades of yore. The

descriptions in those books – if neatly, thoroughly and thoughtfully produced – are a

durable record of the observations, that can be utilized by other researchers.

2. Commit to recording and plotting your observations on your map, in the field. A map that

evolves in the field as you are working is the only credible way to put things where they are

and begin to interpret why they are there.

3. Deepen your expertise topographic base map to accurately locate yourself, locate geologic

features and analyze geologic features and structures.

4. Develop your ability to identify clastic and carbonate depositional environments.

5. Develop your observational skills, your ability to make correct interpretations in the field,

and your ability to use multiple working hypotheses while mapping

6. Leverage stereo-pair, single aerial photographs and other forms of high-resolution digital

imagery to assist with your field mapping.

7. Learn to use stereonets to conduct structural analysis of complexly deformed rock

8. Gain experience field-checking your maps and cross-sections to assess the validity of your

choices (interpretations) made in the office.

9. Develop good office practices – write summary notes as soon as you return to camp; clean

up your map; ink those features about which you are confident; create a plan of attack for

your next field day.

There is NO final exam in this class, but there may be individual mapping exercises and

evening (e.g. map checks to ascertain your individual skills). Otherwise, your finished work

will indicate how much you have learned and improved your geologic skills. These rocks have

an amazing story to tell that touches our planets debutante party – the Cambrian Explosion.

They were complexly and beautifully deformed and intruded by large plutons that were the

precursors to the Sierra Nevada Batholith. Your hard-won geology skills will allow you to put

this story down on the page.

EART 189B p. 7

The Poleta Fold Belt, looking northwest across Deep Springs Lake

EART 189B p. 8

EART 189B

UC Santa Cruz

Jeremy Hourigan

SUMMER FIELD ORGANIZATION & STUDENT RESPONSIBILITIES

1. Responsible, cooperative behavior

The 189B class will dry camp for three weeks in a USFS group campground (“Camp Ferguson”) on Westgard Pass

(7271’) in the White-Inyo Mountains. We will be in the vicinity of other public campgrounds and you will be

camping and working other people, hence respectful, mature conduct is a must. Any behavior that is detrimental to

our educational goals or to the common good may be grounds for expulsion from the course. Such behavior

includes but is not limited to racial or sexual harassment, fighting, excessive rowdiness/drinking, stealing, sabotage,

inappropriate driving, vehicle abuse, and unexcused absences from camp or the field site.

2. Meals

Three daily meals (breakfast, lunch, dinner) are included in the cost of camp. The cost of soft drinks, other

‘beverages’ and between-meal snacks is not included. The basic kitchen rule is NO SNACKING from the kitchen,

and you will be expected to stay out of the kitchen and the camp food between meals, unless explicitly invited by the

cook. If you are a human Ferrari and require continuous high octane fuel injection, plan on bringing/buying plenty

of your own snacks and a cooler with ice (if the snacks need to stay cool). The cooks will supply food suitable for

carnivores and vegetarians at lunch and dinner; cold breakfasts (cereal, toast, yogurt, fruit, etc…) will be the norm.

Those with more restrictive diets (vegans, kosher) may have to participate actively in the procurement and

preparation of their meals.

3. Work Groups

On the first day of camp students will be assigned to work groups consisting of 4-5 students each. Each group will

be responsible for assisting with the preparation of meals, kitchen clean up and camp clean up on a rotating basis. In

previous years, each group has come up to bat in the kitchen about once a week. In addition, all students will

participate in a camp clean up (potties, classrooms, vehicles, kitchen, etc...) once a week. Work groups are necessary

in order to keep field camp affordable and camp life pleasant. Please don’t make us chase you around to fufill your

community obligations.

4. Academic Integrity

“Academic integrity is the cornerstone of a university education. Academic dishonesty diminishes

the university as an institution and all members of the university community. It tarnishes the value of a UCSC degree” – UCSC Registrar on Academic Integrity

The purpose of this course is for you to learn as much about field geology as possible. Since many students from

UCSC and other schools have worked in this field area before, you are on your honor not to seek out or use maps,

cross sections, reports, stratigraphic columns, etc... produced by other in past years. Cheating is a waste of

everyone’s time and if we find that you are cheating you will be sent home, fail the class, and perhaps be expelled

from the university. We understand that you are working in groups in the field and discussing results, mapping

strategies and interpretations at camp. However, your final work product should be fundamentally your own.

Collaboration and collusion are different things. No Collusion!!! We will partner with you to avoid the pitfalls of

plagiarism by helping with citation style and writing. Your job is to engage your instructors in this collaborative effort

5. Driving and vehicle care

Last, but not least, the ultimate success of summer field depends entirely on safe and efficient transport from UCSC

to our field camps and from our camp to our field sites each day. I encourage all of you who are responsible and have

good driving skills and a good driving record to sign up to be official drivers so that we can all share in providing

this most crucial service. However, any perceived driving infraction that puts you, other students or our vehicles at

EART 189B p. 9

risk (e.g. speeding, tail-gating, any kind of dangerous driving) will result in loss of driving privileges, at best.

Students who are not drivers will still be responsible for keeping the vans safe, and for being look-outs for the driver.

All students in each van will also be responsible for vehicle maintenance and clean up. Most gear and all junk

should be cleared out of the vans each day,

and oil and fluids should be checked each time you stop for gas. Never bring a van back to

Camp Ferguson from Big Pine that is low on gas!!

To become an official driver please see Amy Kornberg in the department office (A232A), and take your Driver’s

License with you. DO NOT sign up to be a driver if you are not confident of your van-driving skills or of your ability

to drive carefully and safely, particularly in the face of peer pressure to do otherwise.

There is a ZERO TOLERANCE for consuming alcohol or engaging in the use of legal or illegal drugs in the vans.

Finally, please be aware that using university vans for purposes other than fieldwork is a privilege that is revocable at

any time. In 189B you will be allowed to use vans most afternoons to travel as far as Big Pine, but no farther. On

days off you may use the vans to visit locations no further than June Lake (to the north) or Lone Pine (to the south).

You may not take the vans out of state. You must get approval from an instructor before taking a van out of camp,

and you must let the instructor know who will be riding in the van, where you are going and when you plan to return.

EART 189B p. 10

EARTH SCIENCES 189B UC Santa Cruz

Summer Field Geology

SUMMER FIELD CODE of CONDUCT

Unlike the typical college class in which students and instructors gather only in class then disperse to

their separate activities and residences, summer field participants travel, reside, learn and recreate

together for more than a month. For the most part, this togetherness is one of the unique joys of this

course. However, it also means that the safety, functionality, reputation, and quality of life of the group,

are dependent on the behavior and attitude of each participant. Our goals in this regard are to ensure

that:

1) You return home safely

2) The group operates as a functional unit, educationally and socially

3) The group upholds the honor of the University of California, UCSC, and the Earth and

Planetary Sciences Department, and does nothing material (e.g. property damage) or

behavioral (e.g. inappropriate public behavior) to impugn it

4) Each participant is reasonably content with the day to day educational, recreational,

residential and social processes of the group

Consequently, your behavior or attitude will be deemed inappropriate if either interferes with the

safety, functionality, reputation or well being of your fellow classmates, staff or instructors.

EXPECTATIONS 1. Maintain appropriate behavior and attitude, as defined above, at all times during EART 189

2. Abstain from drinking (alcohol) and smoking before or during field work or field trips;

smoking may also be banned during non-working hours depending on the situation; at

Camp Ferguson, smoking in camp will be confined to the fire ring area

3. Drink responsibly at all times if consuming alcohol

4. Abstain from use of controlled substances at any time during EART 189B

5. Abstain from smoking or drinking in the university vehicles at any time

6. Drive carefully at all times, and carefully maintain the field vehicles

7. Get explicit instructor approval before taking a university vehicle away from camp

8. Honor all camp and living facility staff and the inhabitants of other nearby campsites

9. Treat the living areas, field areas, and field trip destinations respectfully (pick up trash, no

graffiti, be kind to wildlife, etc…)

10. Abide by the 10:00 p.m. ‘quiet time’ rule in camp, even on evenings before a day off

11. Abide by the class schedule, and be on time when leaving for or returning from the field

12. Attend all required camp meetings and remain in camp every night (except for one night off

per week)

13. Fulfill all camp responsibilities, including kitchen crew duties and weekly camp clean-ups

14. Behave sensibly and with sensitivity to the social and cultural norms of the people with

whom we are interacting

Failure to abide by these rules at any time is grounds for dismissal from EART 189B, at any time.

EART 189B p. 11

EART 189 UC Santa Cruz

GRADING POLICIES and POINTS

Original Work Geologic field work is nearly always a collaborative affair, and so it will be in this course.In EART 189 collaboration means sharing ideas and working through problems with your field partners. These problems may relate to field relations, related literature, relating field conditions to regional geologic history, and so on. What will NOT be viewed as wholesome collaboration includes a) working as a pair or a group to produce identical products, b) consistently relying upon the data and/or analyses of others and c) changing your original work after looking at the work of others. You may talk about anything with each other, alert others to interesting outcrops, and pair up to measure/record attitudes, unit thicknesses, etc..., but your final maps, reports, stratigraphic columns, and cross sections must be your own, and unique. Any evidence of copying from peers or other sources will ensure your failure in this course. An individual field exercise towards the end of the class may be used to assess each student’s field ability. As you know, field geology is not easy - but struggling, agonizing and beating your head against the rocks (repeatedly) is how to become a better geologist. Embrace the process! Total value of 188A exercises (1005-1105 points possible) Breakdown:

Little Poleta Map and Cross Section - warm up, 150 points Poleta stratigraphic column - 100 points Big Poleta map - 350 points Big Poleta cross sections - 100 points (for two cross sections) Poleta Report - 305 points: Title page, Table of Contents, List of Illustrations - 15 pts. Abstract - 25 pts. Regional Geologic Setting - 50 pts. Rock Descriptions and Depositional Environments - 70 pts. Structure - 70 pts. Geologic history - 60 pts. References Cited - 15 pts. (Individual mapping exercise - 100 points) Participation/effort: Instructor discretion

EART 189B p. 12

189 FIELD BOOK NOTES

(No explicit points given, but the quality of your notes will be reflected in your final work – guaranteed!)

Field notes should be thorough, clear and easy to read, and well documented. Pages should be titled,

dated and numbered; diagrams should be clear and well-located, with scales and directional arrows. Use

colored pencils (keyed to map units) in sketches. A table of contents in the front is an excellent idea. All

accouterment (plastic time scales, stratigraphic information, etc... should be relegated to one place

(preferably the back) in your field book. You should be able to use data from your field notebook to at

least partially recreate your field map in the event that your original map blows into Deep Springs Lake

and is replaced by thenardite, gets eaten by a Gula luscus (White Mountain wolverine), or falls victim to

some other unforeseen disaster.

Besides geological data, notes and sketches that should be recorded in your field book include

observations about weather, habitat or wildlife, colleagues’ names and contact information, and notes

about significant events (e.g. “Today Scooter tripped over a well-exposed carbonate mylonite, landed

sideways on Member 7, and broke his leg). Make sure that any interpretations are labeled as such, such

that you do not confuse them with descriptions. Things that should not be recorded in your field book

include emotional observations about your work or the field area (e.g. “Summer field really sucks!”), the

phone number for the ‘Hitchin’ Rail’ in Big Pine, etc...

The Poleta Fold Belt

EART 189B p. 13

EART 189B

UC Santa Cruz

Jeremy Hourigan

POLETA FOLD BELT MAPPING EXERCISE

The Poleta field mapping exercise requires the preparation of a large scale (~1:6000) geologic map (in

two parts), four cross sections, a stratigraphic column of the Poleta Formation and a geologic report. This

synthetic exercise will require that you draw upon and develop your skills in 1) systematic geologic

observation, measurement, analysis and description, 2) creative and geologically sophisticated

interpretation—using multiple working hypotheses and your knowledge of geologic principles and 3)

geologic history reconstruction—using your own observations and measurements, and your knowledge of

the geologic history of western North America (scholarship). You will also use stereo pair aerial

photographs to fine tune your mapping and use stereonets to organize your structural data.

I. Stratigraphic terminology of key Early Cambrian rock units in the Poleta Fold Belt

Time units: ERA PERIOD EPOCH AGE Ma

Paleozoic Cambrian Early Atdabanian* ~520

Time-stratigraphic units: ERATHEM SYSTEM SERIES

Paleozoic Cambrian Lower, or Waucoban

Rock units: GROUP FORMATION MEMBERS

Harkless None defined

Poleta Upper (6,7,8)

Middle (3,4,5)

Lower (1,2)

Campito Montenegro

Andrews Mountain

*officially known as Cambrian Stage 3 (according to the International Commission on Stratigraphy)

...but the greatest of these, from the point of view of our 189B mapping, is the Poleta Formation.

It has most recently been divided into three members (Moore, 1976), but we will map eight informal

members (numbered 1 through 8 from oldest to youngest) and various useful Poleta and Harkless

Formation marker beds. The latter will prove extremely useful even though not all are continuous

throughout the field area.

EART 189B p. 27

II. Geologic Map and Cross Sections

General Format

Your final geologic map, cross sections and stratigraphic column should be: a) precisely drafted, using

permanent fine-point pens (005 and 01 weights), b) lightly colored, c) neat and clean. However, the most

important points are reiterated below.

1. Label all units (with the symbols shown below).

2. Color all units neatly, according to the color scheme defined below. Light, delicate pastel shades work

best. If the coloring is dark and we cannot see the contour lines underneath, your map will not be

acceptable.

3. Label all structures clearly. (These include fold axes, faults, and cleavages.)

4. Show dip, rake and absolute movement where you know it, only, on all faults.**

5. Use proper symbols for contacts (see below).

Faults (and fault symbols), fold axes, and other structural data must be RED.

All other geologic contacts + attitudes and cleavages must be BLACK.

6. Cross section lines must be accurately plotted and identified on the map.

7. Labels, numbers and symbols must be neat, clear, and properly oriented: north up.

8. Map explanation must contain all symbols and colors, with a brief description of the lithology of each

unit.

9. Field stations/locations mentioned in your report must be clearly labeled on your map.

10. Geology is a visual science. Even the cleverest work and most sophisticated geologic interpretations

are lost in the absence of NEATNESS and CLARITY.

Titles

Must include the name of field region, the words ‘geologic map’ or ‘geologic cross sections’, your name,

course name, governing institution, dates mapped. As the visual gateway to your work, your titles must

also be large, legible and supremely neat.

Explanations

All map explanations must include the following:

North arrow Cross section line symbols

Map units - in correct stratigraphic order, Field station symbols

with colors, symbols, descriptions, Scale

in order from oldest (bottom) to youngest (top)

All other symbols used on the map, including strike and dip, stratigraphic and fault contacts, etc...

All cross section explanations must include:

Horizontal and vertical scales

Map units (as above)

General directions (above each end of the cross section; e.g.: NW – SE)

Bearing of the cross section (written above/center of the section)

All symbols (besides map units) used in the diagrams**

**Remember: fault motion symbols are different in cross section view than in map view!

Map Content

The merit of your final Poleta folds map will depend on 1) quality of geologic documentation

EART 189B p. 28

and interpretation and 2) percentage of map area actually mapped. In order to produce and excellent

Poleta map you will need to map enough of the designated field area to develop an adequate

understanding of the geology, but you will also need to map slowly enough to record and analyze

important structural and stratigraphic details. This is a tricky balance, as you know from other field

courses. It involves making compromises. It is the reality of field geology. With practice you will find

the pace that works best for you and your field partner. We will try to let you know in the field if you are

making appropriate progress and mapping in sufficient detail.

After eight to ten days in the Big Poleta field area your map should have at least 125 bedding attitudes

and numerous cleavage attitudes and fold axes. These must be plotted accurately on your map, as you

will need them for structural analysis. Accurate contact placement and geologic interpretation are also

critical. Your work will be evaluated according to the quality of your geologic interpretations and

accuracy and completeness of your mapping. General criteria for map and cross section assessment are

listed below.

1) Does the mapping conform with ours? If not, is it a reasonable interpretation? A gross

oversimplification? Just plain wrong?

2) Are complex relationships confronted honestly or hidden under non-existent colluvium? We will give

copious credit to well thought out interpretations of structurally complex areas.

3) Contacts should be within 50 feet of their actual location. At the map scale that is about 0.1 inches.

Contacts near or on obvious topographic features should be spot on!

4) All rock units on your map should be bounded completely by contacts (either geologic or map

boundary area). That is, no hanging contacts!

5) Illogical, geologically impossible structures and relationships will be regarded as indicative of a poor

understanding of mapping techniques. Analyze your map and interpretations carefully. If you are

not sure that a part of your map makes sense structurally, try drawing a cross section. If you can

produce a reasonable cross section, then your mapping is probably reasonable.

6) Variations in unit thickness must be accurately mapped. Remember the all-important interactions

between structure and topography!

7) On cross sections, your topographic profile, contacts and feature placements must be accurate and

consistent. On cross sections remember to calculate apparent dip accurately where necessary.

8) Your contacts should obey the rule of Vs.

9) Geologic units, structures, data and the underlying topographic contours must be easy to see: keep your

map tidy and clean!

When inking map contacts, remember: A solid line indicates that the contact is accurately located in the

field. A dashed line reflects uncertainty about the precise locations (due to weathering, gradational

transition, etc...). A dotted line indicates that the contact is concealed by a younger unit. (In the Poleta

Folds you should have dotted contacts only in YELLOW regions.)

Question marks denote uncertainty about the very existence, to say

nothing of the exact location of, a contact or contact termination.

Map Unit Colors

Quaternary units

Qal - Alluvium; pale yellow

EART 189B p. 29

Qoal - Older alluvium; dark yellow

Qc - Colluvium; tan or yellow-brown

Cambrian units

Ch - Harkless Formation; dark green Cp5 - Poleta 5; red

Cp8 - Poleta 8; light brown Cp4 - Poleta 4; purple

Cp7 - Poleta 7; dark blue Cp3 - Poleta 3; dark brown

Cp6 - Poleta 6; orange Cp2 - Poleta 2; light green

Cp1 - Poleta 1; light blue

PLEASE NOTE THAT YOUR INSTRUCTORS WILL USE THE FOLLOWING SYMBOLS WHEN

See in

side b

ack co

ver o

f Read

er for co

lor v

ersion o

f these sy

mbols (im

portan

t!)

EART 189B p. 30

GRADING YOUR MAPS AND CROSS SECTIONS

W = incorrect symbol used (for contact, fault motion, fold axis, etc)

Check = correct contact location

X = contact incorrectly located

A = attitude (strike/dip) needed in this location

Star = outstanding mapping in this area

= illogical relationship/problems in this region

EART 189B p. 31

EART 189B

Summer Field Geology

1) Poleta Folds Report: Regional Geologic Setting Section

2) Figure 1: Location map

A significant portion of your grade in EART 189B will be based on the quality of your Poleta Fold Belt

geologic report. The final report will have six sections: Abstract, Regional Geologic Setting, Rock Units,

Structural Geology, Geologic History and References Cited. Explicit instructions for each section will be

included in your 189B Reader; due dates will be discussed on the other side (in the field).

Developing an understanding of the geologic evolution of a region is a daunting prospect. New place and

formation names abound in the literature. The literature itself is variable in terms of its breadth, depth and

accessibility. So, you may be asking yourself how to begin to assimilate and become comfortable with what is

known about the area. We are going to try a different approach this year by creating, as a group, a

“tectonostragraphic chart” that places what you are reading in a time-space-process framework. Think of this as

a graphical annotated bibliography of the White-Inyo Range

Instructions for ‘Regional Geologic Setting’

Length: ~2 pages (maximum; excluding figure) of typed, double-spaced, well-written, well-organized,

geologically savvy prose.

Format: Research style. Avoid poetical musings and make sure all relevant literature and Figure 1 are

cited in the body of the text. However, you will not attach a reference list to this section, as the

references you cite herein will be added to the ‘References Cited’ section at the end of your final

Poleta report.

Figure: This section must be accompanied by Figure 1: an original, neatly done map that shows major

geomorphic features (e.g. mountain ranges and valleys), structural features, cultural reference

points (e.g. relevant towns, roads) and, most importantly, the location of the Poleta Fold Belt*.

In 189B all maps (figures and plates) must: 1) have a scale and north arrow (or alternative

geographic grid indicators), 2) have a number and a caption or title and 3) be mentioned with

reference to figure or plate number the associated text. You may produce your Figure 1 map in

one of two ways: 1) you may trace one of the maps in the Reader, leaving off irrelevant features

and adding features from other maps as needed (and changing their scales as needed to come up

with a uniformly-scaled Figure 1) OR 2) you can produce an appropriately annotated Google

Earth map, DEM, etc… You may not simply reproduce one of the maps in the Reader (either on

a machine or by hand) or include non-essential information in this figure! Your Figure 1 must be

customized for the Poleta Fold Belt field area, and must include the features listed on the next

page. Figure 1 may be done by hand (in which case the final version must be inked and on clear

velum) or printed. The key requirements are that Figure 1: a) satisfies all of the content

requirements listed above and below, b) is presentable/professional looking and c) is original and

appropriate for the field area.

Please label at least the following features on your Figure 1 (you may add other features if you

so desire):

Poleta Fold Belt (your 189B field area)

Highways 395 and 168

Bishop

Big Pine

Deep Springs Valley

Fiat Trilobites!

EART 189B p. 32

White Mountains

Inyo Mountains

Owens Valley

Fish Lake Valley

Fish Lake Valley fault zone (red line)

Deep Springs Fault (red line)

White Mountain fault zone (red line)

Sierra Nevada

White Mountain anticline (with fold axes and anticline symbol)

Inyo anticline (with fold axes and anticline symbol)

Contents: The following information must be included in ‘Regional Geologic Setting’. The order

below does not necessarily indicate the order of topical discussion in the section—you must

decide how to organize and present the material. However, please make sure to begin with a

topic sentence that mentions the location and name of the 189B field area.

You may add additional information (to the topics suggested below) if the final product is no

more than two (‘typed’, double-spaced) pages long (excluding Figure 1).

➢ Description/location of the study area (the Poleta Fold Belt) and of major

geologic, geomorphic and geographic features in the general region of the

study area (e.g. White Mountains, Inyo Mountains, Sierra Nevada, Deep

Springs Valley, Owens Valley, Basin and Range, major faults and folds,

etc...). Mention of well-known cultural/biological features is optional.

➢ Brief summary of the general geologic history of the present-day White-Inyo

Mountains region, including mention of the timing of rifting/ miogeoclinal

deposition, active margin processes (including the Antler, Sonoran and

Nevadan Orogenies, and the Independence Dike Swarm), and Cenozoic

extension, uplift and volcanism (Basin & Range-forming processes).

➢ Ages, names and general lithologies of Precambrian - Cambrian sedimentary

rock

formations in the White-Inyo Mtns. (Wyman Formation to the Monola

Formation), in chronological order.

➢ A brief description of the Poleta Formation, dominant lithologies, members

(according to Moore, 1976) and common fossils.

➢ Mention of ‘Grand Cycles’ and how they relate to deposition of the

Precambrian-Cambrian section (including the Poleta

Formation).

Writing: Lucid writing, solid research, and good organization are what will make or break

your ‘Regional Geologic Setting’ section. I suggest taking ample notes from key papers in

the Reader (see below) before you get started. Refer to the “Guidelines for preparation of

geologic reports & illustrations” section of your 109 Reader (if you took 109 in fall quarter)

for grammar and syntax guidance. Otherwise (or in addition) I encourage you to refer to the

EPS Guide to Disciplinary Communication: http://eps.ucsc.edu/academics/undergrad-

studies/eps_writing_guidlines.pdf

EART 189B p. 33

Original work: Like all your efforts for EART 189, your ‘Regional Geologic Setting’ must be

an original effort. This includes both prose and Figure 1. You may of course discuss

strategies, Reader info, etc… with your classmates, but you should not work together or

collaborate closely when assembling and composing this chapter. If you cannot produce

original work you will not pass EART 189B.

Where to begin:

1. The following Reader papers are suggested for researching your RGS chapter:

• General White-Inyo Range evolution - Nelson et al. (1991)

• Stratigraphy of the Poleta Formation - Moore (1976)

• Regional Geology - Nelson (1981)

• Regional Geology - Dickinson (1981)

• Structural Evolution - Morgan and Law (1998)

• Recent Deformation - Lee et al. (2001)

• Plutonic Rocks - Coleman et al. (2003)

• Independence Dike Swarm - Chen and Moore (1979)

• Cambrian Stratigraphy - Mount and Signor (1992)

• Precambrian-Cambrian Stratigraphy – Nelson (1976; Figure 3, 4); Rowland and Corsetti (2002)

2. If you have not taken Structural Geology look over the 189B Reader structure section.

3. If you have not taken Strat-Sed look over the Reader section on carbonate sedimentology.

4. Study the White-Inyo stratigraphic column well. A reduced version on one of the last two pages of

your Reader is suitable for cutting and pasting into your field notebook for easy reference.

5. Look over the paleo section in the Reader and start getting familiar with your future best dead

friends, namely trilobites, archaeocyathids, helicoplacoids and the ubiquitous trace fossils

Planolites and Skolithos.

6. Look at the Grade Sheets for each assignment in this Reader (most immediately importantly: the

Regional Geologic Setting Grade Sheet). These show—explicitly—which aspects of each

assignment will be scrutinized, and the relative weighting thereof.

Have fun!

EART 189B p. 34

ABSTRACT, STRUCTURE, GEOLOGI HISTORY, REFERENCES CITED SECTIONS

(189B Report)

Abstract (1/2 to 1 page)

… should describe the location, purpose, methods, results and major conclusions of your research. Use article

abstracts in your Reader for inspiration (but only the good ones!).

Structure (3-4 pages)

This section should begin with an introductory paragraph in which you discuss the general structural features of the

Poleta Fold Belt field area that you observed and measured in the field. Do not regurgitate the information about

regional structure already described in your Regional Geologic Setting section. A detailed, systematic description of

the structural geology of the PFB should follow the introductory paragraph. Your DSD of the SG of the PFB (are you

still with me? – if not review previous sentence) should include data from and observations about the following: folds

(including fold scale and type, steepness of limbs, fold symmetry and fold axis trend and plunge determined via

attitudes taken on fold noses, stereonet data and/or axial plane cleavages), faults (including type of fault (if known),

amount of offset (if known), azimuthal orientation, associated features (drag folds, rakes, breccia, mylonite), etc…),

joint patterns (if you observed any), and metamorphism. Your structure section should end with a concluding

paragraph in which you summarize the nature (including orientation of axes of principal stress) and relative timing of

major deformation events in the PFB, briefly reiterating the field evidence for your conclusions. Do not attempt to tie

events in the field to regionally documented tectonic events here. All interpretations in this section should be based

on your own field work, map and cross section, and you should refer to the latter two often.

I suggest you choose one of the following outlines to organize this section. Please use subheadings within the section

to help us follow your reasoning:

A. B.

Introduction Introduction

Folds Western Domain

Faults (and joints) Folds

Intrusions Faults

Conclusion Eastern Domain

Folds

Faults

Intrusions

Conclusion

Stereonet plots must be included as figures in the Structure section. Field photos and incorporated sketches

will make valuable, additional figures – especially those illustrating key ductile and brittle deformation

features. Refer to your field map (Plate II) and cross sections (Plate III) often.

EART 189B p. 35

More free advice - and remember, you get what you pay for ☺

➢ All major faults on your map should be named. Refer to them by name in this section.

➢ Major structures identified on the map may be referred to by name in your report. However, you may find it

awkward to fit the informal regional names we use in the field (e.g. The Racetrack, The Scissors, etc…) onto

your map, so I suggest that you place field stations on your map (using letters or numbers) to take the place of

names where reference to a location is necessary.

➢ Keep data and interpretation separate! For instance, instead of saying, “The Keystone Fault is a 100 m

long strike-slip fault with 30 m of reverse dip slip offset,” say: “Vertical drag folds on the southeastern limb of

the Anticlimatic Anticline show that the 100 m long Keystone Fault is a dip slip fault. Offset of the member

5-member 6 contact (see Plate III, cross section B-B1) indicates approximately 30 m of reverse dip slip

displacement.”

➢ As you would not use arrows or U/D symbols on faults on your map and cross sections unless you have

conclusive evidence for sense of relative motion, do not interpret faults as dip slip or strike slip in this section

unless you have same conclusive evidence.

➢ It is not necessary (indeed, it will be impossible) to describe every individual structure in the field area.

Rather, group structures according to their style, scale, location, etc… and discuss them together.

➢ Do not over-interpret that which you have under-documented.

➢ It may be helpful for you to create fold/fault tables such as one used for the 109 New Idria exercise (see

below). If you choose to create tables, customize them so that they fit the type of data you collected in the

PFB.

➢

Fold Table

Type

(anticline/syncline,

recumbent,

plunging, etc...)

Location

(field station)

Scale

(~width/length)

Trend/plunge of

fold axis

Relative timing

(bracket)

EART 189B p. 36

Fault Table

*if known

Geologic History (~2 pages)

In this section you should clearly describe, in chronological order beginning with the oldest/earliest event, all of the

geological/biological events and processes that produced the rocks and structures and fossils you described in the

Poleta field area. Events that occurred before or after the rocks and structures in the field area formed should only be

mentioned if they are directly relevant to later or earlier events in the field area. ‘Events’ include sediment deposition,

sea level change, tectonic ‘episodes’, magmatic episodes, evolutionary radiations/extinctions, etc… This

chronological narrative should be supported by your field data and interpretations, but as many events as possible

should also be tied to the regionally recognized and documented phenomena described in the literature in your

Reader. Therefore, this section must include both original data and many literature citations. Before you begin

writing this section, you should have read through and taken notes on many of the papers in the reader, and have a

good idea of what other geologists have deduced about the geological history of the White-Inyo Mountain region.

References Cited

All references used in the text (including your Regional Geologic Setting section) and in figure captions must be

included in this list. Use the citation format used in the Reader Table of Contents. References in this list must be in

alphabetical order, by (first) author’s last name.

Go get ‘em!

Name Location

(map

region)

Length Drag folds?

(Field

station)

Strike/Dip Rake?

(Field

station)

Amt. of

apparent

displacement

Type

of

Fault*

Relative

Timing

(bracket)

EART 189B p. 37

EART 189B

Jeremy Hourigan

POLETA REPORT

Rock Descriptions

(70 pts.)

A. This section must begin with an introductory paragraph that includes a) general remarks on

lithology, names and thicknesses of formations, exposure, age, paleontology, diagenesis/

metamorphism of the stratigraphic units and b) any stratigraphic problems or issues. The latter might

include poor exposure of some units, lateral correlation problems, significant lateral changes in

thickness, facies or fossil content, etc…

B. Next, describe each rock unit found in or near the mapping areas. These units should be described

under their own subheadings, and must include the Montenegro Member of the Campito Formation,

members 1 – 8 of the Poleta Formation and the lowermost Harkless Formation (including marker

beds). You should begin by describing the oldest unit (i.e. the Montenegro Member of the Campito

Formation). As always, describe units in chronological order. Each specific unit description must

include the following:

1. Name of the unit.

2. Thickness (in meters) of Poleta Fm. members and portion of the Harkless Fm. that you

measured in the field. For the Campito Fm. you will describe the upper ten meters (and state as

much).

3. Lithology (include all noted characteristics, including body and trace fossils, sedimentary

structures, bedding style, thickness and continuity and rock names (e.g. oolitic wackestone).

These lithologic descriptions should be more detailed than those on your stratigraphic column.

You may add petrographic observations is you wish.

4. Nature of the upper and lower contacts

5. Characteristic style of exposure, if any.

C. Finally, summarize the depositional environments and sea level changes (remember Grand

Cycles?) represented by the sedimentary rocks you’ve described. Interpretations should be based

primarily on information from your Reader (e.g. Moore, 1976; Dornbos and Bottjer, 2000; Mount

and Signor, 1992 as sources), but you may use or add your own field observations if you are able to

do so authoritatively (i.e., you took EART 120), perhaps citing a sed/strat text. If you have taken

Earth 120 I encourage you to add original sequence stratigraphic interpretation to your final

paragraph (for extra credit!).

I sincerely dislike the “how long” question, my answer is however long it takes to satisfy the tasks

above. However, if you find yourself substantially exceeding 4 or so pages, please edit carefully

***NOTE: You should refer to Plate I (your stratigraphic column) early and often in this

section!

POINT DISTRIBUTION FOR ROCK DESCRIPTIONS SECTION

Introduction: 10 pts.

Descriptions: 35 pts.

Interpretations: 15 pts.

Format: organization, grammar, spelling, appropriate references, etc...: 10 pts.

EART 189B p. 38

GUIDELINES FOR GEOLOGIC REPORT ILLUSTRATIONS Your final report will include two types of illustrations: plates and figures. Plates are illustrations that are larger than 8.5 x 11 inches. Figures are illustrations 8.5 x 11 inches or smaller. Stratigraphic column (Plate 1) must

1. be inked and on 10 x 10 gridded vellum; 2. have a title, which includes field site, author, date, class, institution, field partner(s) and

method used to measure the section; 3. have a scale (vertical only); 4. have an explanation, with all units and symbols used; all boxes used to enclose

symbols or units must be constructed using a straightedge; rock units must be organized vertically with the oldest unit at the bottom and the youngest at the top;

5. use the format shown elsewhere in this Reader; 6. use the standard lithologic symbols in the graphic column; 7. always show the oldest rocks at the bottom of your column, the youngest at the top; 8. include concise lithologic descriptions in paragraph format; save the eloquent prose

for your report; Map (Plate 2) Line Work and Symbols

1. Turn in your FIELD MAP as your final map if it is neat and clean. You do not need to recopy your map unless it is so messy that even inked and colored data are illegible;

2. Carefully ink your map as soon as you can. After each field trip, you should systematically review your field work and ink in features you feel are correctly mapped or that you will not have time to re-map. You should delay coloring your map until all field work is completed and the map is inked. And be sure to color as lightly as possible! If I cannot see the base map contour lines through your coloring, you will lose points;

3. All depositional contact, marker beds, bedding attitudes, symbols, and lettering must be in black permanent ink (line weight should be #005); all faults, fault names, fold axes and fault/fold data should be in red permanent ink (line weight #005 or 01);

4. All symbols must be written in 'upright' (E-W) orientation, except fault names; 5. Your map must have a title and explanation. Scale the title so that it is noticeable but not

so large that it detracts from the map. Make sure the map title includes 'Plate 2'; 6. Be sure that stratigraphic units in the explanation are in stratigraphic order (oldest at the

bottom); Cross Section(s) (Plate 3) must

1. be inked and on 10 x 10 gridded vellum; 2. have a title, which includes field site, author, date, class, and institution; 3. have a scale (vertical and horizontal) and must be constructed with no vertical

exaggeration 4. have an explanation, with all units and symbols used; all boxes used to enclose

symbols or units must be constructed using a straightedge; rock units must be organized vertically with the oldest unit at the bottom and the youngest at the top;

EART 189B p. 39

5. include directions above the vertical scale at each end of cross section (e.g. NW-SE); the bearing of the cross section should be written above the center of the section, below the title (no north arrows on cross sections!);

6. have all stratigraphic units colored and labeled (coloring on the back side of the velum is suggested);

7. show fault contacts with red lines; use arrows (dip-slip) or OIX (strike-slip) symbols to indicate true relative motion of faults when known; Do NOT attach motion indicators to faults for which only apparent motion is known (Note: neither attitudes nor fold axes are shown in cross-sectional view);

8. agree with your map with respect to topography and to fold, fault and unit contact locations;

9. be geologically reasonable, and deep enough to clearly show your interpretation of regional structure typically 2 inches of depth is plenty;

10. dash contacts if: a) they correspond to dashed (approximately located) contacts on your map or b) their existence is inferred (from your knowledge of local or regional stratigraphy/geology); that is, you know those contacts/rock units are down there even though they are not exposed at the surface along the cross-section line; do not use dotted contact symbols on cross sections;

11. show all contacts with the correct (apparent) dip; if contacts cross the cross-section line at an angle less than 90 degrees you will need to calculate their correct apparent dip in cross-section view;

12. be tidy, clean and professional looking; 13. keep stratigraphic units close uniform thickness as possible for each rock unit

laterally across the area of the cross section, unless surface geology indicates significant thickness changes. This can happen, why?

Figures Each figure in your report must have a caption, and each figure must be cited in the text of the report, AND be cited in order of mention in the report. Figure captions must begin with the figure number followed by a clear description of the figure. If part or all of your figure is taken or modified from the work of another, you must also include a literature citation in your caption that gives credit to the original author(s). In your Poleta geologic report, Figure 1 must be a location map that illustrates some of the features (including the Poleta Fold Belt field area) you mention in the 'Regional Geologic Setting' chapter. Thus, Figure 1 should be cited in the first paragraph of that chapter. Please note how figures are captioned and cited in the published literature included in this Reader. In your report, figures may be integrated with your text (as in professional publications) or 'bundled', in numerical order, at the end. Formatting your text will be easier if you do the latter.

EART 189B p. 40

Poleta Folds Stratigraphic Column

Include the Poleta Formation (members 1-8) and the lower Harkless Formation.

Use the lithologic/paleontologic symbols and general stratigraphic column protocols defined in

the 109 reader.

Required components:

Title (see 109 Reader), e.g.

Stratigraphic Column of the Yahoo Formation

East Beejeezus, Minnisoda

by Bud Rose

(Field partner, Leif Petal)

University of Minnisoda, Summer Field Geology

June, 2004

Scale: 1" = 20m (vertical only)

Explanation (including every symbol you use in your graphic or data column)

Columns: System (3 sqs.), Series (3 sqs.), Formation (3 sqs), (M)member (3 sqs.),

Thickness (3 sqs.), M above base (3 sqs.), graphic column (30 sqs. max.),

lithologic descriptions column (40-50 sqs.)

Protocols/Reminders:

➢ ALWAYS show oldest rocks at the bottom of your strat column, youngest rocks at the

top.

➢ Strat columns must be neatly inked and colored (coloring on reverse side of velum highly

recommended).

➢ Each contact must be described in writing (one description per contact please!) and

graphically. Contacts within the Poleta Formation are assumed to be conformable, but

otherwise you must specify. Contacts should also be described in terms of the following

standard modifiers: sharp, gradational, mixed, interfingering, wavy, irregular, etc… If

contacts are gradational or interfingering, you should also accurately describe the

thickness of the contact. If you can’t determine all features of a contact, say so and

briefly state why.

➢ Thickness of these units must be shown in meters only. For the Poleta Fm. Members,

your thicknesses should be within 10% of those calculated by your instructors.

➢ In your ‘lithologic descriptions’ column, please provide concise yet complete

descriptions in one pithy paragraph. Do not write one-liners adjacent to the related

feature in the graphic column. Begin each descriptive paragraph by describing the most

common features, and work towards specifics. You should include information about all

EART 189B p. 41

of the following that are applicable: color, grain size and composition, sorting, roundness,

composition of matrix or cement, fossils (body and trace), sedimentary structures,

striking diagenetic features, bedding characteristics and contacts (see above).

➢ Your graphic column must be in the form of a weathering profile, and use standard

symbols for contacts and lithologic/paleontologic features.

➢ On the right side of your graphic column, please use a symbol to indicate the levels

where you changed locations laterally while measuring the section. This symbol must be

in your Explanation.

Example of a strat-column style lithologic description: member 1 (fictional)

Buff-orange-white micrite with grainstone interbeds (to 15 cm). Planar bedding and W-dipping

cross bedding common; beds are typically laterally-extensive and 3 to 40 cm thick. Extensive

bioturbation (Planolites) and ripple marks in lower 8m. Trilobite fragments (black) in upper 4

m. Shale interbed (1 m) at 5 m above base. Jointing pervasive. Lower contact covered. Upper

contact sharp and interfingering.

Lithologic descriptions for your geologic report should be much more detailed, well organized,

and written in complete sentences.

EART 189B p. 42

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EART 189B p. 43

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DE

SHEE

T (3

50 p

ts. p

ossi

ble)

OVE

RA

LL A

SSES

SMEN

TEx

celle

ntV.

goo

dSa

tisfa

ct.

Uns

at.

POIN

TS C

OM

MEN

TS

M

AP

FOR

MA

T (5

0)N

EATN

ESS

Lette

ring

and

line

wor

k re

adab

le/ti

dy (i

nclu

ding

dip

/rake

val

ues)

(11)

Lette

rs/n

umbe

rs in

cor

rect

orie

ntat

ion

(7)

Col

orin

g (7

)TO

TAL

NEA

TNES

S PO

INTS

(25)

MA

P FE

ATU

RES

Title

(com

plet

e) (2

)E

xpla

natio

n: c

ompl

ete

(10)

Exp

lana

tion:

stra

t uni

ts o

rder

ed c

orre

ctly

(3)

Sym

bols

use

d co

rrec

tly o

n m

ap (i

ncl.

rock

uni

t lab

els,

faul

t nam

es) (

10)

TOTA

L M

AP

FEA

TUR

ES P

OIN

TS (2

5)

TOTA

L M

AP

FOR

MA

T PO

INTS

(50)

MA

P C

ON

TEN

T (3

00)

Atti

tude

s: s

uffic

ient

/cor

rect

/in a

ppro

pria

te lo

catio

ns (3

0)S

tratig

raph

ic c

onta

ct lo

catio

ns: Q

uate

rnar

y (1

0)S

tratig

raph

ic c

onta

ct lo

catio

ns: C

ambr

ian

(40)

Faul

t con

tact

loca

tions

(30)

Faul

t dat

a (s

trike

/dip

/rake

) (30

)Fa

ult i

nter

pret

atio

n (m

otio

n m

atch

es d

ata/

geol

ogy)

(30)

Fold

s (a

xes,

plu

nges

) (25

)In

trusi

ons

(5)

Roo

kie

Rid

ge (1

0)Th

e R

acet

rack

(10)

Con

fusi

on C

anyo

n (1

5)Th

e S

ciss

ors

(15)

Van

Gog

h's

Ear

and

Spo

ck's

Ear

(15)

Logi

c/C

reat

ivity

(35)

Ext

ra c

redi

t (?

)TO

TAL

CO

NTE

NT

POIN

TS (3

00)

STU

DEN

T N

AM

E __

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

OVE

RA

LL P

OIN

TS (3

00 m

axim

um) _

____

____

____

____

____

____

O

VER

ALL

GR

AD

E __

____

____

____

____

___

EART 189B p. 44

REG

ION

AL

GEO

LOG

IC S

ETTI

NG

(50

poin

ts p

ossi

ble)

Poin

ts a

ssig

ned

C

omm

ents

Fi

gure

1 (1

0 pt

s.)

Nea

tnes

s (3

pts

.)A

ccur

acy/

Com

plet

enes

s (2

pts

.)Fi

eld

site

mar

ked

(2 p

ts.)

Com

plet

e ca

ptio

n (2

pts

.)S

cale

and

nor

th a

rrow

(1

pt.)

To

tal

Form

at (1

5 pt

s.)

Leng

th (

2)S

uffic

ient

refe

renc

e ci

tatio

ns (3

)Ty

ping

/spa

cing

(2)

Gra

mm

ar/s

pelli

ng/c

larit

y (4

)O

rgan

izat

ion

(4)

Tota

l

Con

tent

s (2

5 pt

s.)

Loca

tion

of fi

eld

site

, maj

or fe

atur

es (

4)R

iftin

g/m

ioge

oclin

e fo

rmat

ion

(3)

Gra

nd c

ycle

dep

ositi

on (3

)P

aleo

zoic

/Mes

ozoi

c or

ogen

ies

(4)

Cen

ozoi

c ex

tens

ion,

vol

cani

sm, u

plift

(4)

Age

s, n

ames

, lith

olog

ies

of p

C-C

rock

s (4

)P

olet

a Fo

rmat

ion

desc

riptio

n (3

)To

tal

STU

DEN

T N

AM

E __

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

TOTA

L PO

INTS

___

____

____

____

____

__

GR

AD

E _

____

____

_

EART 189B p. 45

POLE

TA A

BST

RA

CT,

STR

UC

TUR

E,

GEO

LOG

IC H

ISTO

RY

& R

EFER

ENC

ESST

UD

ENT

NA

ME

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

(305

poi

nts

poss

ible

)A

ssig

ned

Poin

tsC

omm

ents

Title

, etc

… (1

5)Ti

tle e

tc…

(5)

Tabl

e of

Con

tent

s (5

)Li

st o

f Illu

stra

tions

(5)

Tota

l%

Abs

trac

t (25

pts

.)G

ram

mar

(6)

Org

aniz

atio

n (6

)C

onte

nt (

13)

Tota

l%

Stru

ctur

e (7

0 pt

s.)

GE

NE

RA

L/IN

TRO

(22)

Gra

mm

ar (i

ncl.

syta

x an

d sp

ellin

g) (

3)O

rgan

izat

ion

(esp

., da

ta s

epar

ate

from

inte

rpre

tatio

n) (

5)In

trod

uctio

n (g

ener

al s

truct

ure

feat

ures

) (4

)Ta

bles

1 a

nd 2

(com

plet

e, a

ccur

ate,

mat

ch m

ap) (

10)

Sub

Tot.

FOLD

ING

(15)

Des

crip

tions

(sca

le, t

ype,

sym

met

ry, g

eogr

aphi

cal d

istri

butio

n) (

6)S

tere

onet

s (tr

end

and

plun

ge o

f fol

d ax

es,,

etc.

..)

(6)

Prin

cipl

e st

ress

dire

ctio

n(s)

(3)

Sub

Tot.

FAU

LTIN

G (1

5)D

escr

iptio

ns (i

ncl.

orie

ntat

ions

, fea

ture

s, e

tc…

) (7)

Inte

rpre

tatio

ns (f

ault

type

s, p

rinci

p. s

tress

drx

ns.,

etc

...)

(8)

Sub

Tot.

INTR

US

ION

S (4

)

DO

MA

INS

CO

MP

AR

ED

(Eas

t/Wes

t, Li

ttle

and

Big

Pol

eta)

(6)

CO

NC

LUS

ION

S (

8)(in

cl. r

elat

ive

timin

g an

d or

ient

atio

n of

fold

ing/

faul

ting

even

ts)

Tota

l%

EART 189B p. 46

Geo

logi

c H

isto

ry (6

0 pt

s.)

Gra

mm

ar a

nd o

rgan

izat

ion

(5)

Cam

bria

n de

posi

tion

+ co

ntro

ls (s

edim

enta

ry ro

cks)

(5)

Cam

bria

n pa

leon

tolo

gica

l eve

nts

(4)

Met

amor

phis

m (

3)In

trusi

on (

4)Fo

ldin

g (m

ultip

le)

(6)

Faul

ting

(mul

tiple

) (6

)U

plift

and

ero

sion

(4)

Qua

tern

ary

depo

sitio

n (3

)Fi

eld

data

cor

rect

ly ti

ed to

oro

geni

c ev

ents

(6)

Ade

quat

e us

e of

fiel

d da

ta (

7)A

dequ

ate

use

of li

tera

ture

and

cita

tions

(7)

Tota

l%

Ref

eren

ces

(15

pts.

)C

ompl

ete

(mat

ch re

port)

(7)

Alp

habe

tized

(4)

Con

sist

ent,

com

plet

e fo

rmat

(4)

Tota

l%

EART 189B p. 47

POLETA ROCK UNITS GRADE SHEET(70 points possible) COMMENTS

Introduction (10 pts.)General lithology (2)

Formation thickness (2)Age (1)

Fossils (1)Metamorphism (2)

Stratigraphic problems/issues (2)Total

Format/Style (10 pts.)Spelling/grammar (2)

Organization (2)Spacing/page numbers (1)

Subheadings (1.5)References (2)

Length (1.5)Total

Rock Descriptions (35 pts.)Must include member thickness, lithologies, fossils, rock names, contact descrips., exposure characteristics plus/check/minus

Campito Fm., Montenegro Member Poleta member 1 Poleta member 2 Poleta member 3 Poleta member 4Poleta member 5 Poleta member 6 Poleta member 7 Poleta member 8

Harkless Fm. Total

Interpretations (Concluding paragraph) (15 pts.)Campito Fm., Montenegro Member (1)

Poleta member 1 (2)Poleta member 2 (1)Poleta member 3 (2)Poleta member 4 (1)Poleta member 5 (2)Poleta member 6 (2)Poleta member 7 (2)Poleta member 8 (1)

Harkless Fm. (1)Total

STUDENT NAME __________________________________TOTAL POINTS _____________________OVERALL GRADE ____________________

EART 189B p. 48

POLE

TA S

TRA

TIG

RA

PHIC

CO

LUM

N(1

00 p

oint

s po

ssib

le)

Ass

igne

d Po

ints

C

omm

ents

Fo

rmat

(30

pts.

)O

vera

ll ne

atne

ss (l

ine

wor

k/co

lorin

g/cl

arity

) (1

0)Ti

tle (

4)E

xpla

natio

n co

mpl

ete

(10)

Sca

le (

2)A

ll co

lum

ns p

rese

nt a

nd c

orre

ct (

2)S

ize

of c

olum

ns c

orre

ct (2

)To

tal

Con

tact

s (5

pts

.)A

ccur

ate

desc

riptio

ns (g

raph

ic/w

ritte

n)

Thic

knes

ses

(10

pts.

)A

ccur

ate

(with

in 1

0% o

f ins

truct

ors)

Des

crip

tions

(25

pts.

)P

arag

raph

form

at (

4)M

ajor

lith

olog

ies

(+ro

ck n

ames

) (9

)In

terb

eds/

bedd

ing

thic

knes

s (4

)S

edim

enta

ry s

truct

ures

(4)

Bod

y an

d tra

ce fo

ssils

(4)

Tota

l

Gra

phic

Col

umn

(30

pts.

)C

ompl

eten

ess/

deta

il (1

0)A

ccur

acy

(con

tact

s, fe

atur

e lo

catio

ns)

(10)

Wea

ther

ing

prof

ile (

5)S

ymbo

ls u

sed

corr

ectly

(5)

Tota

l

STU

DEN

T N

AM

E

TOTA

L PO

INTS

(out

of 1

00)

GR

AD

E

EART 189B p. 49

BIG

PO

LETA

CR

OSS

SEC

TIO

NS

(100

poi

nts

poss

ible

)A

ssig

ned

Poin

ts

Com

men

ts

Gen

eral

For

mat

(24

pts.

)O

vera

ll ne

atne

ss (l

ine

wor

k/co

lorin

g/cl

arity

) (6

)C

orre

ct S

cale

s (2

)C

orre

ct u

se o

f uni

t sym

bols

(2)

Cor

rect

use

of s

truct

ural

sym

bols

(4)

Exp

lana

tion

(com

plet

e, u

nits

in s

trat.

orde

r) (

6)Ti

tle (2

)B

earin

gs, d

irect

ions

(2)

Tota

l

Cro

ss S

ectio

n B

-B' (

48 p

ts)

Topo

grap

hic

prof

ile (2

)U

nit t

hick

ness

- co

rrec

t, co

nsis

tent

(8)

Con

tact

incl

inat

ions

, app

. dip

cor

rect

ion

(12)

Con

tact

loca

tions

con

sist

ent w

ith m

ap (1

1)S

truct

ures

con

sist

ent w

ith m

ap (

15)

Tota

l

Cro

ss S

ectio

n B

-B' (

28 p

ts)

Topo

grap

hic

prof

ile (2

)U

nit t

hick

ness

- co

rrec

t, co

nsis

tent

(4)

Con

tact

incl

inat

ions

, app

. dip

cor

rect

ion

(7)

Con

tact

loca

tions

con

sist

ent w

ith m

ap (7

)S

truct

ures

con

sist

ent w

ith m

ap (

7)To

tal

STU

DEN

T N

AM

E

TOTA

L PO

INTS

(out

of 1

00)

GR

AD

E

EART 189B p. 50