1861-1862. first bloodshed after ft. sumter lincoln wanted richmond union came across...
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Early Battles of the Civil War
1861-1862
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1st Battle of Bull Run First Bloodshed after Ft.
Sumter Lincoln wanted Richmond Union came across
Confederates at Bull Run Both sides GREEN,
seesaw battle Confederate Victory
• Stonewall Jackson• reinforcements
Effects• Confederate soldiers
thought war was over, many went home
• Led Lincoln to call up 500,000 troops for 3 years
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Fort Henry and Fort Donelson Ulysses S. Grant
led Union troops into TN
Captured 2 forts on Strategic river positions• Henry – Tennessee
River• Donelson –
Cumberland River Confederates
forced to surrender
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Shiloh
Grant gathered troops near Mississippi border but did not set up adequate camp
Confederates surprise attacked
Union troops close to disaster
Grant regrouped, forced Confederates to retreat
Effects: • Confederate failure to hold KY-
OH frontier• Union strategy to take
Mississippi might succeed• Both sides taught lessons:
Send scouts, entrench, and fortify Showed how bloody war was, ¼ of
100,000 casualties
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Battle of New Orleans David G. Farragut w/ 40
ships sent to take Confederate’s biggest port and largest city
April 24, ‘62 - Ran fleet past 2 forts firing guns
5 days later took New Orleans
Continued taking towns in Southern MS
Significance:• Almost achieved goal of taking
MS and cutting Confederacy in Two
• Still needed Port Hudson, LA and Vicksburg, MS
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Seven Day’s Battle Plan to capture
Richmond under General McClellan• VERY CAUTIOUS LEADER
Met Robert E. Lee in series of battles to save Richmond 6/25 to 7/1 1862
Confederate Victory• Fewer soldiers• Unorthodox tactics• Determination• McClellan unnerved,
retreated
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2nd Battle of Bull Run
Lee’s plan to attack D.C.
Met at 2nd Battle of Bull Run Confederate victory allowed them to enter MD
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Antietam Union soldier found
Lee’s army order laying at an old camp ground, showed armies separated
McClellan attacked Lee aggressively
Effects• Bloodiest single day battle
(26,000 casualties)• Confederates retreated,
McClellan DID NOTHING!• McClellan fired by Lincoln