1824-1840 ap u.s. history. how did jacksonian democracy change american politics and power in the...
TRANSCRIPT
Essential QuestionHow did Jacksonian Democracy change
American politics and power in the United States?
The “Corrupt Bargain” of 1824No one got a majority of Electoral Votes in the election of 1824. Thus, the House of Representatives decided (as per the 12th Amendment), which was led by Henry Clay. John Quincy Adams was chosen to be president and Adams picked Henry Clay to be Secretary of State.
A corrupt bargain has been struck!
Whatever dude.
Thanks Henry!
Everyone’s a “Republican!”(Era of Good Feelings)
John Quincy Adams
Henry Clay
Andrew Jackson
A Yankee Misfit in the White House Adams was committed to being a good president, but his administration was generally
seen as a failure. Adams didn’t see the changes that were occurring in American society and politics.
John Quincy Adams
Fateful Decision of President Adams
1. He didn’t like interacting with voters or other politicians.
2. He did not win the popular vote (not even close).
3. Adams refused to practice the Spoils System.
4. He was nationalistic even though the public was turning toward states’ rights and sectionalism.
5. He tried to treat the Cherokee Indians in Georgia fairly.
I was a one-term president, just like my dad.
Going “Whole Hog” for Jackson in 1828 Andrew Jackson’s appeal to the common people arose partly because he had risen
from the masses and reflected many of their prejudices in his personal attitudes and outlook.
Huzza for Jackson!!
Jackson
Southern woman
Western Farmer
I rose from the masses – I’m for
the common man!
I got spanked. Damn the West
and South!
The Spoils System One political development that illustrated the new popular voice in politics was the
growth of the spoils system as a basis for large political “machines.”
Jackson
Loyalty to party is better than loyalty to region or economic class. Democracy
rules!
I’ll get people to vote Democrat. In return, I want money and key government positions
for our allies.
William “Boss” Tweed
Famous leader of the New York City Democratic political “machine” in the 1850s.
First president to be nominated at a formal party convention.
The Tricky “Tariff of Abominations” In the battle over the “Tariff of Abominations,” New England backed high tariffs while
the South demanded lower duties.
We have to buy stuff at a higher price too! Down
with the tariff.
We have to sell our crops on the open market. We don’t get a
tariff but New England
does? – Lame!
The tariff protects
manufacturing. I love the tariff!
Southerner
Westerner
New Englander
What do I do?!
President Jackson
Under the surface of the South’s strong opposition to the “Tariff of Abominations” was a fear of growing federal power that might interfere with slaver.
“Nullies” in South Carolina
The West had rising property values and a growing population – good times.
The Southwest was expanding into new cotton lands – good times. The Old South was economically
stagnant and feared a stronger national government would outlaw slavery – bad times.
South Carolina should nullify the Federal tariff.
Show Congress who is boss!
John C. Calhoun
Some southeastern Indian tribes like the Cherokees were notable for their development of effective agricultural, educational, and political institutions. It did not matter, the Indian Removal Act of 1830 forced Native Americans west of the Mississippi onto Indian Territory. President Jackson was told by the Supreme Court to let the Cherokee stay; Jackson ignored the court.
The Trail of Tears
Jackson
I’m protecting
Indians from the Whites. So, you gotta
leave Cherokee.
We created an alphabet, learned to read and write, became farmers, and even
owned slaves. You still want us to leave our land?
Not fair!
Did you know I helped
force Indians out of Illinois
under the Indian
Removal Act?
Wait! The Supreme
Court says you have a
right to stay!
SequoyahJohn Marshall
Abraham Lincoln
Jackson’s veto of the Bank of the United States recharter bill represented a bold assertion of presidential power on behalf of western farmers and other debtors. After all, the Supreme Court, in McCulloch v. Maryland, already ruled the Bank constitutional and Congress, by passing a bill to renew the charter of the Bank by a large margin, was presumably acting on behalf of the people.
The Bank War
Jackson
The Bank is not
accountable to the people and
its unconstitution
al!
Renew the Charter to the
Bank!
WebsterClay
One important result of President Jackson’s destruction of the Bank of the United States was the lack of a stable banking system to finance the era of rapid industrialization.
Burying Biddle’s Bank
Jackson
I hate the Bank and the president of the Bank – Nicholas Biddle!
Wildcat banks out West issued paper money like toilet paper (so speculators could buy more Western land) without the Bank of the U.S. there to regulate the economy.
Jackson ordered the Treasury to issue Specie Circular (metallic money made with Silver or gold) to slow the economy. This caused a crash.
Among the new political developments that appeared in the election of 1832 were Third-party campaigning, national conventions (the National Republicans, Anti-Masons, and Democrats do this) and party platforms (the parties publicize their positions).
The Election of 1832 and the Birth of Whigs
The Anti-Masonic Party was a third party - a first for America. They campaigned against privilege and monopoly. They also wanted moral and religious reform.
I run for president…again.
They all get together to form the Whig Party. What united them? Their hatred of Jackson.
The Bank of the U.S. was a good
thing, bro.
CalhounWebster
Clay
Whatever. I’m awesome.
in the Immediate aftermath of the successful Texas Revolution Texas petitioned to join the United States but was refused admission.
Gone to Texas
We defeated the Mexicans. We want to join the Union
now.
Never will the North allow Texas to be
admitted as a slave state!
You have defeated me, but not
Mexico.
Sorry Texas, you gotta wait. And shut up Jackson.
Santa Anna
President Van Buren
Sam Houston Stephen Austin
Daniel Webster
You suck as my successor.
Jackson