#17August 1999

Annual ryegrass

The number of herbicide resistant weedscontinues to increase and over 200resistant biotypes have been found in 45countries world-wide. An increasingnumber of these cases are in developingcountries where herbicide~ are beingused more intensively.

WEED SOCIETYEXECUTIVE

Dan Austin(President)

Richard Graham(Vice PresidenO

Leon Smith(Secretary)

Alex McLennan(Treasurer)

Jim DellowPeter DowlingBob Trounce

(Newsletter Editors)

Richard CarterMike BarrettMike BoultonLouise BrodieJohn Cameron

Jim DellowRichard GrahamLawrie GreenupGraham Harding

Mike HoodMelinda IeraceAllan Murphy

LucStreit-Val Stubbs

Steve Sutherl~ndJim Swain

Gordon TinkJohn Toth

Bob TrounceBirgitte Verbeek

Editors: Jim DellowPeter Dowling

Bob Trounce

NSW Agriculture, Orange AgricultureInstitute, Forest Road, Orange NSW 2800

Ph: (02) 63913800Fax: ~(02) 63913899

dowlinp@agric.nsw.gov.au

Secretary: Leon Smith8 Darwin Drive,Lapstone 2773

Ph/fax: (02) 4739 3564nswweedsoc@bigpond.com.au

A Good Weed is published four times per yearby the Weed Society of New South Wales,

PO Box 438Wahroonga 2076

Wordprocessing by K Fleming

Printed by G K Craig, Orange

GUEST EDITORIAL

Glyphosate Resistance inWeed Species . .::

Chris Preston

Since the announcement by,researchers at Charles SturtUniversity in Wagga Wagga ofthe discovery of a glyphosate-resistant annual ryegrasspopulation, there has been intensemedia and grower interest in theissue.

Why should we be concernedabout glyphosate resistance?

Glyphosate resistance is clearlysomething we should beconcerned about. HerbicidesWith the properties that have

.made gly~hosateso successfulwill be extremely rare. In over 2decades since the release ofglyphosate, the multi-nationalagrochemical industry has beenunable to come up with a singlerepiacement despite intensiveeffort. If glyph0sate is lost due toweed resistance, managing weedsin many enterprises will becomemore difficult and costs willincrease. Therefore, it makessense to do whatever we can tosave glyphosate as an effectiveherbicide.

At the same time, we don’t needa fear campaign built aroundglyphosate resistance. A quickreview of the situations whereresistance has occurred suggeststhat the major risk factors are:total reliance on glyphosate as theonly herbicide option; and littleor no other weed managementfollowing glyphosate application.If these risk factors are avoided,

there is no reason why we shouldnot make valuable use ofgl~hosate for many years.

Glyphosate resistance inhorticulture

Permanent cropping systems suchas orchards, clearly, have a highrisk of weeds developingresistance to glyphosate.i-Typically g!yphosate will be usedmore than once per year in suchsystems and is frequently usedevery year. In such situationsthere is intense Selection pressurefor herbicide resistance. Wedon’t have a rash of herbicideresistant populations in orchardsaround the country, wfiichsuggests that resistance will berelatively rare. We must not letthis lead to complacency.Horticulturalists who rely solelyon glyphosate for weed controlneed to take a more integratedapproach to weed managementthat includes rotation ofherbicides and, where practical,the use of non-chemical weedcontrols.

Glyphosate resistance and no-till grain cropping

In grain cropping, growers withno-till cropping systems usingnarrow seeding points are athigher risk Of developingglyphosate resistance (andparaquat resistance) than thosewho still use some cultivation.This assessment is based on theobservation that all the major riskfactors for the development ofglyphosate resistance can occurin no-till systems. The narrowpoints typically used in no-till donot disturb the soil sufficiently tokill all survivors of the pre-seeding herbicide application.Also, because Rf existing

2

resistance to Group A and Bherbicides, there may be nofurther weed control followingglyphosate application. Thisprovides the potential forglyphosate resistant weeds togrow on through the crop and setseed enriching the seed bank withresistance genes.

However, it doesn’t have to bethis way. In my discussions withCanadian researchers who havebeen examining long term effectsof no-till systems on weedpopulations, I have been mostimpressed by one importantpoint. In Canada, they haveobserved that rotation of crops,herbicides, and crop sowingtimes is required to maximiseweed control in no-till systems.In some years certain weedspecies are favoured, but in otheryears these weeds arediscouraged. Keeping thecropping environment the same,whatever the system, allowsweeds to adapt. What we shouldbe aiming to do is to keep theweeds off-balance.

How much glyphosateresistance is out there?

The present situation withglyphosate-resistant weedsworld-wide is that there are twoconfirmed and several suspectedcases of resistance in annualryegrass in Australia. Oneconfirmed population is from anorchard where glyphosate wasused 2 to 3 times per year for 15years. The other confirmedpopulation was from a permanentbed cropping system with asimilar length of glyphosateusage. The populations withsuspected glyphosate resistanceare from orchards, vineyards, and

continuous cropping systems. Inaddition to the resistantpopulations detected in Australia,there are two populations ofglyphosate-resistant ryegrass inorchards in California and at leastone population of goosegrasswith glyphosate resistance in ~orchards in Malaysia. M6st c~sesof resistance or suspectedresistance to glyphosate are fromorchards with intensive use ofglyphosate, no tillage, and few orno other herbicides used.

A survey for glyphosateresistance in grain cropping isbeing conducted across southernAustralia by researchers fromCharles Sturt University, TheUniversity of Adelaide, andAgriculture WA. This survey hasso far examined over 400populations of annual ryegrassfrom cropp’.mg fields. The goodnews is that almost allpopulations show no indicationsof resistance to glyphosate havingdeveloped. There is only onepopulation of concern and at themoment it is unclear whether thispopulation has low levelresistance to glyphosate or is justat the extreme edge of the naturalvariation in tolerance toglyphosate. In some populations,an occasional individual easilysurvived two glyphosateapplications suggesting that thereis a low frequency of resistantindividuals in cropping fields insouthern Australia.

Dr Chris PrestonCRC Weed Management SystemsThe University of Adelaide .Department of Applied &Molecular EcologyWaite Campus, PMB 1 GLENOSMOND SA 5064

Further ReadingPowles, S.B., Lorrain-Colwill, D.F., Dellow, J.J. &Preston, C. (1998)Evolved resistance to glyphosatein rigid ryegrass (Loliumrigidum) in Australia (WeedScience) 46:604-7

STOP PRESS

Glyphosate resistant ryegrassfound in northern NSW

The world’s third case of weedsdeveloping resistance toglyphosate has been found southof Gunnedah. Annual ryegrass(Lolium rigidum) has developedresistance to glyphosate after 30to 40 applications of glyphosate(450 g a.i./L) at rates whichvaried from 0.4 to 2.0 L/ha.The paddocks where the resistantryegrass occurs, has beenpredominantly wheat-fallow-sorghum rotation Since 1981 andhas been under min-tillmanagement since 1990.The ryegrass is also resistant to"fops", probably from exposureto post emergent herbicides usedto control wild oats in the wheatcrops.The Northern Weed Control &Demonstration Unit, based atTamworth, is currentlymonitoring a field trial which wasestablished to evaluate possiblecontrol options for the grower.The results from this trial will beused to develop a three to fiveyear management plan with thefarmer and his consultant.

Andrew StorrieWeeds Agronomist,NSW Agriculture, Tamworth

Answers fromArgentina

Search for serratedtussock control underway

Ursula Taylor

Serrated tussock costs Australiangraziers $45 million per year inlost production but controloptions are being sought.Potential biological controlagents that weaken serratedtussock (Nassella trichotoma)have been found and grazingstrategies to control this weed arebeing investigated.

The discovery of fungi onserrated tussock at Melbourneairport has excited scientists.One of these fungi has beenidentified as Dimenosporium,which can kill serrated tussockseeds and infect seedlings. Thesefindings have encouragedscientists to search for moreserrated tussock pathogens inArgentina, as serrated tussockoriginates from South America.

In a cooperative project betweenthe Weed CRC, VictorianDepartment of Natural Resourcesand Environment and CSIROEntomology, scientists aim toidentify damaging host-specificpathogens (fungi that only attackserrated tussock) in Argentina,assess their effectiveness andintroduce them onto serratedtussock infestations in Australia.

This project has been funded byRIRDC, Meat and Livestock,Australia, NSW Agriculture,NSW National Parks andWildlife Service and aconsortium of local shires, countycouncils and other governmentagencies. Such support showsthe commitment of the entire

community to manage thisdetrimental weed.

Weed CRC scientist Bill Pettitfrom CSIRO Entomology will flyto Argentina in September tocommence a 3 year researchproject. Bill will be working withan Argentine pathologist an~grassland ecologist to ahses~ theeffectiveness of pathogens onserrated tussock in the field.

Mr Pettit says he will be"checking the vigour of plantsaffected by pathogens, countingseeds in the soil seed bank andlooking at seed head production.We really need to know how wellthese pathogens work before weintroduce them to Australia".

Once pathogenic fungi forserrated tussock have been~identified they will be thoroughly

- tested in A~.gentina then Australiato make absolutely sure they donot harmnative species oradversely affect industries suchas cereal crops and turf.

The biological control research ispromising, but Mr Pettit says thatthe importance of integratingother control methods cannot beoverstated.

"Research will also concentrateon th~ ecology of serratedtussock so effective grazingstrategies can be investigated"said Mr PeNt.

Ursula TaylorWeed Education OfficerCRC Weed Management SystemsUNE ARMIDALE

Bill PettitPlant Ecologist, CSIROEntomologyph: 02 6246 4047

fax: 02 62464177Visiting scientistDr Roberto Distel, a grasslandecologist from CERZOS inArgentina will be visitingAustralian centres in Melbourne,Orange and Canberra, inNovember to look at themanagement of serrated tussock.In Argentina Roberto is studyingthe competitive ability of anumber of palatable and non-palatable (including serratedtussock) tussock grasses.Because of overgrazing, the non-palatable grasses are becomingmore prevalent. Throughchanges in management it ishoped that this situation can bereversed.

On his visit to Australia, DrDistel will be assessing theserrated tussock problem here.Weed CRC scientist Dr DavidBriese from CSIRO Entomologyhopes Dr Distel can help BillPetfit with his work in Argentina."With Dr Distel’s help andassistance from other scientists inArgentina, the control of serratedtussock in Australia may bepossible through improvedpasture management andbiological control" said DrBriese.

BOTANY LESSON

VEGETATIVE FEATURES OF A GRASS

~ G RIB

What grass is ~tliat? N Lambrechtsen 1986

4

Fungi Making aSplash

Working out ways tospread the Bathurst burrbiological control agent

Ursula Taylor

A fungus that attacks and killsBathurst burr, a major weed ofthe wool industry, exists.Scientists are now working outways to spread this biologicalcontrol agent far and wide.

Weed CRC student AngelaChittick from Charles SturtUniversity, Wagga Wagga issearching for naturally occurringand synthetic substances to keepthe Bathurst burr fungi moist sothey can be spread by spraying.

"The Bathurst burr fungi need tobe moist so they can attack andinfect plants. Early morning dewis excellent for fungi growth butin areas where Bathurst burroccurs, it is often too dry and thefungi die. To overcome thisproblem I’m looking for productsthat will keep the fungi moistlong enough for it to be effective"explained Ms Chittick.

The range of products MsChittick is investigating isincredible.

"The products I’m looking atinclude nappy fillers, watercrystals used for slow releasewatering in pot plants and naturalgums from acacias (eg. wattles).They all hold water for a shortlength of time and I’m trying todetermine which one will givethe Bathurst burr fungi the bestchance to grow and attackBathurst burr plants".

Applying these products to largeBathurst burr infestations quickly,and easily is an important aspectof the research.

"It’s equally important that these :substances can be applied broadlyand effectively by Spraying., Thefurther we can spread the fufigithe better control we’ll achieve"said Ms Chittick.

Ms Chittick’s supervisor DrBruce Auld from NSWAgriculture, Orange isencouraged by the research.

"Being able to broadcast the~

Bathurst burr fungi will be ofenormous help to producers.Removing Bathurst burrs willhelp keep the wool clip clean andthis can only improve thefinancial returns to Australian.wool growers" said Dr Auld.

!:

Ms Ange!a Chittick, Weed CRCHonours Student.Telephone: 02/6391 3971 Fax:02/6391 3899

Dr Bruce Auld, Senior ResearchScientist, NSW Agriculture.Telephone: 02/6391 3826 Fax:02/6391 3899

Ursula TaylorWeed Education OfficerCRC Weed Management SystemsUNE Armidaleutaylor@metz.une.edu.au

Weedbuster Week1999

The 1998 Weedbuster Weekprogram resulted in greater than600 events with participationfrom an estimated 12,000Australians nationally, Manygroups were involved in 1998 andtheir work was highlightedthrough the media generated aspart of Weedbuster Week. Themedia was very supportive in1998 and it was estimated thatgreater than $370 000 of mediapublicity resulted in the weekspreceding and during WeedbusterWeek. In New South Wales therewere 150 coordinators registered,promoting competitions,displays, functions and workingbees.

National Weedbuster Week 1999will take place between 10-17October and the theme focuses on"Weed Prevention is theintention": A variety ofinformation and promotionalproducts that include posters,bookmarks, stickers andbrochures are currently beingdeveloped.

Registration is invited fromanyone interested in promotingthe awareness of weeds andeffective controls. Registrantswill be sent free mailing ofliterature, posters, handouts andcompetition material.

To obtain a registration formcontact:Bob TrounceWeeds AgronomistNSW Agriculture, OrangeWeedbuster Coordinator (NSW)Ph: (02) 6391 3156

Fax (02) 6391 3740

Weeds. B A Auld & R. W Medd 1987

5

The Biological Controlof Paterson’s Curse

Matthew Smyth,

Paterson’s curse (Echiumplantagineutn) is a winter annualnative to Mediterranean Europeand North Africa. In Australia itis a weed of grazed pasture whereit can out compete desirable plantspecies. Paterson’s curse containsalkaloids and if consumed inlarge quantities, it reduceslivestock weight and woolclip insheep and severe cases death. Itwas introduced into Australia inthe 1800’s through deliberateintroductions to botanic gardensand as contaminate of seed. Theweed allegedly received itscommon name from the Patersonfamily who lived near AlburyNSW, who brought the seed fromEurope so they could grow it intheir garden. Sincethe 1800’s ithas spread rapidly and is thedominant pasture weed of manyregions in temperate southernAustralia. It is now estimated tocost Australian graziers at least$30 million per annum.

Work undertaken by CSIROEntomology for the biologicalcontrol of the Paterson’s cursehas looked closely at the biologyof the weed in Australia andMediterranean Europe. Thestudies highlighted thedifferences between the nativeand weedy range of Paterson’scurse. In Europe Paterson’s cursegrows in pasture where 80-100species all compete for space. Itis not surprising then that no onespecies can dominate thesepastures in Europe. In contrastpastures in Australia typicallyhave only 4-5 species (ie 2-3annual grasses, a clover and anannual weed). In these pastures it

is easy for 1 plant species todominate if environmental andclimatic conditions suit. This isexactly the case for Paterson’scurse, germinating under a widerange of temperatures, toleratingperiods without moisture thatkills desirable plant species (falsebreaks) and respondingvigorously to the application offerfiliser. Under these conditionsPaterson’s curse is a prolificseeder, resulting in up to 30 000seeds per square metre in the soil.So controlling Paterson’s curse inone year will do little to limitgermination in the next becauseof the vast number of seeds in thesoil. Control of Paterson’s curseshould be continued over manyyears to reduce the number ofseeds in the soil. The other factorthat promote~ Paterson’s curse inAustralia is the heavy stockingrates that remove perennialgrasses from~- the pasture. Ifperennial grasses are allowed toestablish, they can out-compete. annuals like Paterson’s cursewhich need to regenerate fromseed each year. An increase inperennial grass cover results in adirect decrease in Paterson’scurse.

Of course the primary role of ourwork in Europe was to selectinsects or fungal pathogens thatcould limit the competitiveability of Paterson’s curse.During the selection process wenot only consider how damagingthe insect is to Paterson’s cursebut how safe it will be inAustralia. Insects found to bedamaging to Australian native orcommercial plants are notintroduced into Australia. Of theone hundred of more insectsfound feeding on Paterson’s cursein Europe, 6 were selected andreleased into Australia. When

releasing several insect specieson a weed, the aim is to attack a!lparts of the plant over the entiregrowing season.

The first insect released was theleaf-mining moth in 1989 and itnow covers the entire range of theweed. It needs green plantmaterial all year to survive, so indry summers the population isseverely restricted. The nextinsect released was the crownweevil in 1993 and it has nowbeen released at 800 sites. Adultsof this weevil lay eggs in therosette leaves and the larvae(grubs) of this weevil feed in theleaf stalks and the crown (growthpoint) of the plant. Once thecrown is destroyed, as seen byblack decaying plant tissue, theplant dies. There are now severalsites in south eastern Australiawhere the crown-boring weevilhas spread kilometres and hasreached a population density thatis starting to kill plants. At onesite in the Riverina, free fromgrazing, six years after release100% of plants were killed. Thenext insect released was the rootweevil. Eggs are laid like thecrown weevil but as its namesuggests, larvae feed in thetaproot of Paterson’s curse.Feeding below ground enablesthis weevil to escape livestockgrazing which can slow thepopulation growth of insects thatfeed above ground. Another rootfe~ding insect is the flea beetle,so named because of its powerfulhind legs that enables it to jump ametre or more. It feeds on theroots of Paterson’s curse yet cancoexist with the root weevil byfeeding on the secondary roots.Adults of this beetle lay theireggs directly on the taprootgiving this insect~furtherprotection from gazing. It is

6

believed the root weevil and theflea beetle will be the two mostdamaging insects in grazingpasture. These two insects havethe added ability to over summerwithout Paterson’s curse forlonger than the crown weevil,remaining inactive until autumnwhen rain stimulates seedlinggermination. These two insectshave been released at only 30sites each, though they are nowthe focus of nation wideredistribution program funded bythe Woolmark Company andMeat and Livestock Australia.Depending on funding, theredistribution of these insects willcontinue for one more yearthe possibility of a further three.In spring the stem-boring beetleattacks the bolting stem ofPaterson’s curse causing smallerstems to collapse. This is the leastdamaging of the insects so littleresources are being used for itsredistribution. The final insect onPaterson’s curse is the flowerbeetle released in 1996 and hasonly been released at 10 sitesacross Australia. The adults andlarvae of this insect feed on thebuds, flowers and immature(green) seed of Paterson’s curse.When adult numbers are highseed production can be reducedby more than 60%, Although thiswill not limit Paterson’s curse byitself it will add to the damagedone to the rosette by the crownand root feeders.

The process of biological controlcan be slow, it has taken ten yearsfrom the first insect released toreach where we are today. Yet sixyears after the release of oneinsect we are starting to see alevel of damage that is reducingthe competitive ability ofPaterson’s curse at several sites.The addition of new insects at

these sites will only increase theimpact on the weed and time willtell if satisfactory control will beachieved. At this stage theprospects for the biologicalcontrol of Paterson’s curse arepromising.

Acknowledgments: This ~¢ork issupported by the Woolm~kcompany, Meat and LivestockAustralia and the AustralianGovernment

Matthew Smyth,CSIRO Entomology, CRC forWeed Management SystemsBlack Mtn Canberra 2601Ph: 02 6246 4249Email: matthews@ento.csiro.au

This article waspresented byMatthew Smyth at the RiverinaBranch Dinner held at WaggaWagga on 29th June 1999.

LETTERS TOEDITOR

Dear Alex McLennonThank you for your kind note.Yes time marched on. Glad tOhear that the Society continues togrow. I enjoy reading the "AGood Weed" newsletter becauseit keeps me up-to-date with thelatest trends and fashions in weedcontrol. I was particularlyinterested in the article on StJohn’s Wort in the Decemberissue. What a turn around for aweed. As an anecdote that articleyou may be interested in thefollowing story.

My father-in-law emigrated fromEngland in the 1930’s and tookup a wheat property (probablyonly a land property at that stage)

in the Tumbarumba area. He hadto walk off the property becauseit was overrun with St John’sWort of course, at that time therewas no known control for thatweed. Now it seems they can’tget enough of the weed for use asa natural medicine.

I am enjoying good health in anice part of the country which islooking pretty good at the presenttime.

Kind regards

Dermott ReillyWoodside CottageLot 5Old Wingello RdBundanoon

Hi EveryoneJust a short note to tell you thatwe now have an Events Page onour web site. If you have anyweed or weed related eventswhich you think should belisted please let me know. Lookat the web site, which is shownbelow.

Leon SmithHon SecretaryThe Weed Society of NSW Inc.Email:nswweedsoc@bigpond.comTelephone~ax 02 4739 3564Web site:http://nb.au.com/nswweedsoc

Nodding thistle

7

OBITUARY

Kenneth Arthur Watson(b. 23.1.1928 d 1.1.1999)

Ken was president 0fthe WeedSociety of New South Wales in1968 and again in 1974. He wasa valued member of the executivefor many years and was also asecretary/treasurer of CAWSS1987 and 1988. Ken was born inHarbord and grew up in Sydneywhere during the Second WorldWar he attended HurlstoneAgricultural High School. Hewent on to complete his degree inAgricultural Science at SydneyUniversity. He was a keen tennisplayer in those days and alsoplayed cricket and rugby. He wasa member of the UniversityRegiment. After finishing uniKen worked for the Departmentof Agriculture in Sydney and atGrafton. In 1950 he went toEngland, studied briefly atCambridge and then joined theBritish Colonial Service whichposted him to Nigeria in 1951where he helped the localsestablish areas for agriculture aswell as teaching the variousaspects of land management. In1953, on Ken’s first leave toSydney he married MargaretManley. Two children, Lindaand Peter were born in Nigeria.In 1964 the family moved back toSydney, settling in Carlingford.Ken first worked forAmalgamated Chemicals at thehead office location atBankstown and travelledextensively to rural areas. In hisyears with AmalgamatedChemicals, Ken attended the 2ndAsian-Pacific Weed ControlInterchange in the Philippines in1969 where he presented a paper"Herbicide Investigation inTropical Australia" reviewing

work in cotton, rice, safflowerand peanuts. At the 3rd APWSSConference in Malaysia in 1971,he gave a general review ofrecent developments in weedcontrol in Australia. Ken thenmoved to Colin Campbell(Chemicals) Pty Ltd and finallyto Dow Chemical Australia ~Limited where he initially heldpositions in Research andDevelopment and then Mana"gerof Registration until his .retirement in 1989. During thisperiod, Ken presented a paper,"Triclopyr-a New Herbicide forControl of Broadleaved andWoody Weeds", at theFirstConference. Of the Council ofAustralian Weed ScienceSocieties in Melbourne, 1978.

Ken had many h~alth problems inhis !atter years, his deteriorationafter his wife Margaret;s suddendeath in 1989 and his son’sPeter’s death in 1991 were hardto bear.

We acknowledge his quietnessand intelligence which he freelyshared at Weed Society meetings,his love for reading and musicand his avid support for rugby(especially Eastwood Club).Vale Kent!!

Alan Murphy.& Peter MichaelWith details from Ken’s niece,Ann Fiona Manley

Future Direction ofCAWSS - A proposalfrom Bruce Wilson(WSQ)

CAWSS has several standard andvery important activities -sponsorship of the AustralianWeeds Conference, financialsupport for four key purposes (set

out in a Policy), CAWSS Medalfor Leadership, Young ScientistTravel Award, CAWSS HomePage and a sponsorship of theBiological Olympiad (recentaddition). We have a majorproject in progress in thedevelopment of the Handbook ofPlants of Economic Importance.In addition, there is a degree ofliaison between States via ourexecutive meetings.

Within the above, CAWSS isreactive in providing financialsupport and we are dependent onthe requests that are made toachieve success in this activity.Is CAWSS providing theactivities and services that itsmember societies and theirmembers want? Is it adequate forCAWSS to continue doing a goodjob On only the above activities?Are there other activities thatCAWSS should do, and do wehave the resources? I believe weneed to retain a reactive capacitybut should CAWSS be partlyproactive in determining projectsto receive financial support?

My proposal is that we shouldreview the activities and futuredirection of CAWSS. This can bedone by member societies.without a huge effort. If membersfeel strongly about some of theseissues, you should convey thesethoughts to your executivecommittee as soon as possible orsend to me by September 1.

I will collate the results fordiscussion in Hobart prior to the12th Australian WeedsConference (September 13-16).

Bruce Wilson, Genera! ManagerLand Protection, Dept NaturalResources, Locked Bag 40Coorparoo DC QL~D 4151

8

COMING EVENTS

1999August10-12 "

52nd NZ Plant Protection ConferenceVenue: Auckland, New ZealandContact: A. Rahman, RUakura Agric.Research CentrePB 3123, Hamilton, New ZealandTel: 64-07-838-5280Fax: 64-070838-5073Email: rahmana@agresearch.cri.nz

September 9"Biotechnology and Weed Science intothe 21st Century"Professor Jonathan Gressel,University of Sydney Staff Club at12.30pmLunch and seminar cost members $20,non-members $25Contact: Leon SmithTel: 02 4739 3564 "Email: nswweedsoc@bigpond.com

September 12-1612th Australian Weeds ConferenceVenue: Hobart, Tasmania, AustraliaContact: Conference Design, PO Box 342,Sandy Bay, Tasmania 7006, AustraliaFax: 61-03-6224-3774Email: mail@cdesign.com.au

September 27Dr Mark GardenerCharles Darwin Research StationGalapagos Islands, EcuadorDr Gardener will speak about"Environmental Weeds in the GalapagosIslands"North Sydney Anzac Memorial Club at7.30proContact: Louise BrodieTel: 02 9258 0123Email: brodie@aquarius.com.au

September 27-2917th WSSEA ConferenceVenue: Harare, ZimbabweContact: Hottensiah MwangiEmail: pnjuho@kari.org

October 1.0-16Weed Buster WeekA week of activities on a national level,aimed at raising awareness about theeffects of weeds.Contact: Bob TrounceTel: 02 6391 3156Fax: 02 6391 3740

October 12Special day of weed activities in Wagga Waggahosted by Riverina Branch of the Weed Society.11.30 am-12 noon NSW State launch of

Weed Buster Week at Wagga WaggaCity Council Chambers

12.30pm-l.30pm Picnic lunch on banks ofMurrumbidgee River

1.30pm-3.30pm Riparian weed tour ofMurmmbidgee River by boat

4.00pm-5.00pm Annual General Meetingof the Weed Society of NSW at CharlesSturt University Winery

7pm Annual Dinner at Manor HouseRestaurant, Wagga Wagga

Contact: R Graham 02 6926 9335Email: grahamr@wagga.nsw.gov.au

October 13-165th International Conference ofInvasive Alien PlantsVenue: Sardinia, ItalyContact: Giuseppe Brundu, Dipartimentodi Botanica ed Ecologia Vegetale,Universita di Sassari, Via F. Muroni, 25,07100 Sassari - ItalyTel: 39-335-237315Fax: 39-79~233600Email: gbrundu@tin.it

gbrundu@boxl.tin.it ¯

October 15Weed display in Wagga Wagga MarketPlace with a visit from Woody Weed, theWeed buster Week mascot.

October 23-24Weed display by Rivefina Branch atSpring Garden Fair in the Wagga WaggaBotanical Gardens.

November 15-18Brighton Crop Protection Conference,1999, WeedsVenue: Brighton, United KingdomContact: The Event Organization, 8Cotswold Mews, Battersea Square,London SW11 3RA, United KingdomTel: 44-171-228-8034Fax: 44-171-924-1790Email: 44-171-228-8034Website: www.BCPC.org

November 22-2717th Asian pacific Weed ScienceSociety ConferenceVenue: Bangkok, ThailandContact: Dr. Sombat Chinawong,APWSS Secretary, Department ofAgronomy, Faculty of Agriculture,Kasetsart University, Chatuchak,Bangkok 10903, Thailand "Fax: 662:579-8580;Email: agrsbc@nontri.ku.ac.thWebsite:aggi.kps.ku.ac.th/APWS S/index.html

December 7-95th International Conference on Pestsin AgricultureContact A_NPP, 6, boulevard de laBastille, F-75012, ParisTel: 33-1-43-44-89-64Fax: 33-1-43-44-29-19Email: anpp@anpp.asso.fr

2OO0January 18-20

Joint Congresses of the SouthernMrican Weed Science Society, theSouth Mr.ican Society for CropProduction and the Southern AfricanNew Crop Research AssociationVenue: Sand du Plessis Theatre,Bloemfontein, South AfricaContact: J.C. Pretorius, PO Box 339,Bloemfontein 9300, South AfricaTel: 051-401 2217

Fax: 051-401 2217Email: seefpret@lanbou.uovs.ac.za.

February 5-10Weed Science Society of AmericaVenue: Westin Harbour Hotel, Toronto,CanadaContact: J. Breithaupt, PO Box 1897,

: Lawrence, KS 66044, USATel: 1-913-843-1235Fax: 1-913-843-1274

) Email: jbreith@allenpress.com

June 3-622nd Brazilian Weed Science CongressVenue: Foz do Iguassu, BrazilContact: B.N. RodriguesEmail: sbcpd@cnpso.embrapa.bror neodi@pr.gov.br

June 6-11~ International Weed ScienceCongressVenue: Foz do Iguassu, BrazilContact: PJ Eventos - Fieras eCongressos, Rua Jose Risseto, 1023 -Curitaba, Parana- BrazilCEO 82.015010Tel/Fax: 55 41 372 1177.Email: pj@datasoft.com.br

STOP PRESS8 September 3pm

Prof. Jormy Gressel, WeizmannInstitute of Science, Israel, willpresent a seminar "HerbicideResistance and Lolium" at OrangeAgricultural Institute, NSWAgriculture, Forest Road, Orange

Variegated thistle

THE WEED SOCIETYOF NEW SOUTH WAL~=S INC.

LUNCHEON SEMINAR BY P, ROF. JONATHANGRESSEL

"BIOTECHNOLOGY AND WEED SCIENCE INTO THE 21sr CENTURY"

DATE: THURSDAY 9TM SEPTEMBER 1999

WHERE: SYDNEY UNIVERSITY STAFF CLUB (Sir Herman Black Room)

TIME: 12.30PM TO 3.00PM

COST: $20 - includes buffet luncheon and seminar. Luncheon consistsof hot dish, cold meats and salads, petit pain, tea or coffee.

RSVP: by Monday September 6t~, to Leon Smith Ph/Fax 02 4739 3564or Email

Professor.Gressel is from the Plant Sciences Department, WeizmannInstitute of Science, Rehovot, Israel. He is Immediate-Past President,

International Weed Science Society and is visiting Australia to deliver theCAWSS Oration at the 12~ Australian Weeds Conference in Hobart, 12 -16~

September.

EVENING SEMINAR BY DR MARK GARDENER

"ENVIRONMENTAL WEEDS IN THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS"

DATE: MONDAY 27TM SEPTEMBER 1999

WHERE: NORTH SYDNEY ANZAC MEMORIAL CLUBCnr Miller and Ernest Street,CammerayEasy car parking in this area and buses go along Miller St.

TIME: 7.30PM

COST: $7.50 members, $10 non-members - includes light supper andseminar.

Dinner can be obtained at the club before the seminar. Bistro is openuntil 9.00pm.

RSVP: Registration and further information by Friday September 24t",to Louise Brodie, Ph 9258 0123, Fax 9251 111, Email or LeonSmith Ph/Fax 4739 3564 or Email

Dr Gardener is currently working at the Charles Darwin Research Station inthe Galapagos Islands, where he is studying weed incursions into this unique

environment.

the NEWSLETTER ofThe Weed Society of New South WalesPO Box 438WAHROONGA NSW 2076

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Dow A~oSciences ENVIRONMENTALSERVICES PTY LIMITED

The Weed Society acknowledges the generous support of Dow AgroSciences Aust Ltd,Frenchs Forest, and Eagle Environmental Services, Lidcombe, for their sponsorship of