17: 7 identifying dental instruments and preparing dental trays
TRANSCRIPT
How should dental items be used?● Should be organized
and placed in proper sequence
● After use, is returned to same place on tray in case it is used again
Main Parts of Dental Hand Instruments
● Blade: cutting portion of an instrument
● Nib:blunt, serrated, or smooth ending of a packing instrument
● Point:sharp end of an instrument used to explore & detect
Main Parts of Dental Hand Instruments
● Shanko portion that connects the shaft (handle) to the blade, nib, or
point● Shaft
o the handle of an instrument, usually hexagonal for a better grip
Standard Instruments in Basic Tray Set-Up● Mouth Mirror
o Views areas of oral cavity, puts light on dark surfaces, and retracts lips for more visibility.
● Explorero Used to examine teeth, detect carious lesions,
and take note of other oral conditions.
● Cotton Plierso Used to carry objects. Ex: carrying cotton
pellets to and from the mouth.
● Scalerso Removes calculus (tartar) and debris from
teeth & subgingival pockets.
Standard Instruments in Basic Tray Set-Up● Periodontal probes
o used to measure the depth of the gingival sulcus
● Excavatorso used mainly for removal of caries and refinement of
an opening in a cavity preparation
● Different Excavators:o Spoon: remove soft decay from cavityo Hoe: used on anterior teeth to remove caries,
smooth and shape a cavity prep, or form line angles
o Hatchet: Used to refine internal line angles, smooth and shape the sides of a cavity prep, and remove hard-type caries.
Standard Instruments in Basic Tray Set-Up● Chisels
o Used for cutting and shaping enamels
● Different Chiselso Enamel hatchet: similar to other hatchets;
blade is larger, heavier, beveled on one side.o Gingival margin trimmer: special chisel for
placing bevels on gingival enamel margins of proximocclusal cavity preparations.
● Cleoid-discoid carver: o Used as a carver for amalgam, but can also be
used as an excavator
● Plastic filling instrument: o Used to shape and condense restorative
material that is still malleable
Standard Instruments in Basic Tray Set-Up● Amalgam instruments:
o Used mainly with amalgam restorations
● Different Amalgam instruments: o Amalgam carrier: Used to carry small masses if
freshly mixed amalgam to the cavity preparationo Amalgam Carvers: carves/shapes tooth to natural
anatomyo Condenser-plugger: Used for condensing and
packing amalgam into prepared cavityo Matrix retainer: holds the matrix band in placeo Matrix band: forms a wall around a cavity so
amalgam can be packed into place
● Burnisher: o used to burnish the margins of gold restorations to
a better fit
Standard Instruments in Basic Tray Set-Up● Lancet: Used to lance and incise tissue. ● Bone or Surgical chisels: Used for cutting bone
structure in oral surgery. o Some are used by hand, others require the use of a
surgical mallet.● Prophylactic, or general examination, tray: This type
of tray is used for basic examination and cleaning of the teeth. o Supplies and instruments placed on the tray include
scalers, prophylactic cups, paste, and brushes; and fluoride-treatment supplies.
● Amalgam restoration tray: This type of tray is used for an amalgam restoration procedure. o Instruments placed on the tray include amalgam
carriers, condenser-pluggers, and carvers.
Standard Instruments in Basic Tray Set-Up
● Composite, or esthetic, restoration tray: This type of tray is used for the placement of a composite restoration. o Special composite instruments such as a fine
brush and plastic instruments are placed on this tray.
● Surgical extraction tray: This type of tray is used for extraction, or removal, of teeth. o Instruments and supplies vary, but typically
are extracting forceps, root elevators, root-tip picks, periosteal elevators, Rongeur forceps, lancets bone chisels and a needle holder with suture materials.
Preparing Dental Tray Videos
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iGEhW-ttXoA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jbcYAEo4o8E