16 PERSONALITY TEST

(16 PF)Norberto Orozco Portales IIIIV – 21 BSE Values Education

DESCRIPTION OF THE TEST•First commercial publication of the 1949 after

ten years of empirical, factor-analytical research

•Within the context of a general theory of personality

•An objectively scorable test devised by basic research in psychology to give most complete coverage of personality possible in a brief time

•Each test item corresponds to only one factor. Moreover, the experimentally obtained correlations among the 16 scales are generally quite small so that each scale provides some new piece of information about the person being tested.

16 PF QUESTIONAIREFORMS AGE

REQUIREMENT

CHARACTERISTIC

TESTING TIME

INTENDED USE

ABCD

16 to adult age

More precise

wordings

45-60 min.

For fully literate

person (e.g. high school graduate, college student,

professional)EF

16 up to adult age

Shorter and less

vocabulary

demanding

25-35 min.

For people of limited

education, literacy or

intelligence

DESIGN & CONSTRUCTION of the TEST•Arrangement of the test or questions: ten to

thirteen items are provided for each scale in Form A and Form B. In form C and D, there are eight for the Factor B scale, seven items for the motivational distortion scale, and six items for each of the remaining by a plan to give maximum convenience in scoring by stencil and to insure variety and interest for the examinee.

•Form A, B, C & D – 3 choices•Form E & F – 2 choice appears better

TEST ADMINSITRATION•It can be self administered because the

instructions in the cover page of the test booklet is simple and clear.

•Test user should establish harmonious relationship with the examinee.

Detailed Instruction:•Use a separate (sheet) answer sheet.•Tell the examinee whether to tear off the

back of the test booklet as answer sheet or to use separate answer sheet.

TEST ADMINSITRATIONDetailed Instruction:

•Have him or her enter his name, etc. at the top of the answer sheet; to read the instructions carefully, and work out the four examples.

•Read the instructions aloud with the client, or discuss certain points when deem necessary.

•Give the examinees about 5minutes for reading the directions and working the examples. Then say, turn the page and begin.

•In group test, you may interrupt the examinees after about ten minutes by saying, most people are now doing question.

TEST ADMINSITRATIONDetailed Instruction:

•Look around and correct early and improper ways of indicating answers that might later cause difficulty in scoring, check if the names have been filled in before collecting answer sheets, and that there is only one answer given for every question on the test.

STANDARDIZATION•Items in these final forms are the survivors

from several thousands of items originally tried, and constitute only those which continue to have significant validity against the factors.

•CONSTRUCT VALIDITYFocuses on the extent to which the test

scores correctly measure the underlying traits they were develop to measure.

•CRITERION RELATED VALIDITYExternal outcomes

Interpreting the Scores:PRIMARY SOURCE TRAITS MEASURED BY THE 16 PF

Low Score Direction Factors

High Score Direction

Cool, reserved, impersonal, detached,

formal, aloof

A Warm, outgoing, kindly, easygoing, participating, likes

peopleConcrete thinking, less intelligent

B Abstract-thinking, more intelligent, bright

Affected by feelings, emotionally less stable, easily annoyed

C Emotionally stable, mature, faces reality, calm

Submissive, humble, mild, easily led, accommodating

E Dominant, assertive, aggressive, stubborn, competitive, bossy

PRIMARY SOURCE TRAITS MEASURED BY THE 16 PF

Low Score Direction Factors

High Score Direction

Sober, restrained, prudent, taciturn, serious

F Enthusiastic, spontaneous, heedless, expressive, cheerful

Expedient, disregards rules, self-indulgent

G Conscientious, conforming, moralistic, staid, rule-bound

Shy, threat-sensitive, timid, hesitant, intimidated

H Bold, venturesome, uninhibited, cant take stress

Tough-minded, self-reliant, no-nonsense, rough, realistic

I Tender-minded, sensitive, over-protected, intuitive, refined

PRIMARY SOURCE TRAITS MEASURED BY THE 16 PF

Low Score Direction Factors

High Score Direction

Trusting, accepting conditions, easy to get on with

L Suspicious, hard to fool, distrustful, skeptical

Practical, concerned with “down to earth issues”, steady

M Imaginative, absent-minded, absorbed in thought, impractical

Forthright, unpretentious, open, genuine, artless

N Shrewd, polished, socially aware, diplomatic, calculating

Self-assured, secure, feels free of guilt, untroubled, self-satisfied

O Apprehensive, self blaming, guilt-prone, insecure, worrying

PRIMARY SOURCE TRAITS MEASURED BY THE 16 PF

Low Score Direction Factors

High Score Direction

Conservative, respecting traditional ideas

Q1 Experimenting, liberal, critical, open to change

Group-oriented, a “joiner” and sound follower, listens to others

Q2 Self-sufficient, resourceful, prefers own decisions

Undisciplined self0-conflict, lax, careless of social rules

Q3 Followiing self-image, socially precise, compulsive

Relaxed, tranquil, composed, has low drive, unffrustrated

Q4 Tense, frustrated, overwrought, has high drive