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S

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

31st March 2013

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Huawei Confidential Page 2Page 2

LTE Fundamentals

Multi Day session

First Part: Fundamental Concepts

Second Part: LTE Performance Monitoring

Third Part : LTE signaling and Drive Test Analysis

Fourth Part: Optimization and Basic Parameters

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Huawei Confidential Page 3Page 3

LTE Fundamentals

Evolution of 3GPP Standards

Release ’99: UMTS FDD

Release 4: UMTS TDD + FDD + RepeatersRelease 5: HSDPA

Release 6: HSUPA (Enhanced Uplink) +MBMS

Release 7: HSPA+ (2x2 MIMO, Higher Order Modulation, etc.)

Release 8: LTE FDD and TDD

New Air interface introduced in release 8 with

OFDM technique

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Huawei Confidential Page 4Page 4

LTE Fundamentals

LTE release8/9 can reach upto 300 Mbps in DL with 4x4 MIMO and 20MHz channel

(We will calculate at end of this session)

Release 10 will be LTE advanced reaching speeds up to DL 3Gbps and UL 1.5 Gbps

With carrier aggregation (like DC HSPA+) with up to 5 carrier of 20 MHz(i.e 100 MhZ)

d l

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Huawei Confidential Page 5Page 5

LTE Fundamentals

LTE Key Highlights :

Simplified all IP arch

LTE F d t l

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LTE Fundamentals

In a nutshell: OFDMA Combined with Power of MIMO

best of 3G and 2G with new air interface(OFDMA+MIMO) and all IP architecture…

LTE F d t l

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LTE Fundamentals

Any of above technique Multiple Access Tech can be duplex in either way i.e. FDD or TD

LTE F d t l

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LTE Fundamentals

Normal FDM needs guard bands so spectrally inefficient;

Orthogonal subcarrier FDM removes this constraint and spectral efficiency increases

Normal FDM Orthogonal FDM

LTE Fundamentals

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LTE Fundamentals

Lets see where this Orthogonal FDM and Sub Carrier comes from……Lets get into Fourier tr

I promise no Mathematics

LTE Fundamentals

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LTE Fundamentals

LTE Frame Structure:

•Type 1 Frame (FDD)

•Type 2 Frame(TDD)

Lets focus on Type 1(FDD)

10 ms to remain align with UMTS during

10 sub frames of 1 ms each

Each sub frame has two slots

Each slot has 7(or 6) symbols to transmitThis all above is on 1 sub-carrier

1 TTI is 1 ms i.e. 1 sub frame

LTE Fundamentals

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LTE Fundamentals

A resource block is 180 kHz (i.e. 12 subcarriers) in the

frequency domain and 1 slot in the time domain

LTE Fundamentals

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LTE Fundamentals

If reference carrier of two sector are not identical they can be decoded distinctly

so we plan/assign PCI to be distinct which affect RS signals position(more on PC

PCI is analogous to PSC in 3G and BCCH in 2G

DC carrier is not orthogonal and will add DC component which can heat up trans

LTE Fundamentals

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LTE Fundamentals

When using a normal cyclic prefix, a resource bloc

resource

elements (12 subcarriers by 7 symbols)

LTE Fundamentals

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LTE Fundamentals

5M HZ channel size 10M HZ channel size

15 khz sub carrier spacing 15 khz sub carrier spacing333.3333333 666.6666667

Leaving Guard around 10 percent and DC carrier left with 300 666-66=600

left subcarriers divided by 12 subcarrier per rb give number of RB

300/12=25 600/12=50

How to calculate Number of resource Block for a given channel BW(lets ignore FFT/Samp

Throughput calculation to be done in next session…..

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The information contained in this document is for reference purpose only, and is subject to

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