IS 13630 ( Part 2 ) : 1992

CERAMIC TILES - METHODS OF TEST PART 2 DETERMINATION OF WATER ABSORPTION

UDC 666.3-431 : 620.193~23

@ BIS 1992

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEW DELHI 110002 l

December 1992 Price Group 1

Flooring, Wall Finishing and Roofing Sectional Committee, CED 5

FOREWORD

This Indian Standard was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by the Flooring, Wall Finishing and Roofing Sectional Committee had been approved by the Civil Engineering Division Council.

This standard is one of the number of Indian Standards being formulated on methods of test for ceramic tiles based on the corresponding European Standards, under the direction of Flooring, Wall Finishing and Roofing Sectional Committee. This standard gives the metbod of test for determining the water absorption of ceramic tiles.

In the formulation of this standard considerable assistance has been derived from EN 99 : 1982 Ceramic tiles - Determination of water absorption’, published by the European Committee for Standardization ( CEN ).

IS1363o~Pal%2):19!92

Indian Standard

CERAMIC TILES - METHODS OF TEST PART 2 DETERMINATION OF WATER ABSORPTION

1 SCOPE

This standard covers method of test for deter- mining the water absorption of all ceramic tiles.

2 TERMINOLOGY

2.1 For the purpose of this standard, the following definition shall apply.

2.2 Water Absorption

The increase in mass ( expressed as a percentage of the mass of the dry material ) of tiles which after determination of the dry mass are placed under water, then boiled and, after- wards, cooled during specified times while still completely immersed, taken out of the water and reweighed after removing excess of water. When water absorption is less than 3 percent, the test has to be carried out in vacuum.

3 APPARATUS

3.1 A Drying Oven

Capable of operation at 110 f 5°C.

3.2 A Heating Apparatus

Constructed of suitable inert material, in which the boiling takes place.

3.3 A Source of Heat

4.4 Tiles with sides longer than 200 mm may be cut up, but all pieces shall be included in the measurement. With polygonal and other non- rectangular tiles, the lengths and widths shall be those of the enclosing rectangles.

5 PROCEDURE

5.1 Dry the tiles in the oven at 110 & 5” C until constant mass is reached, thXt is, when the difference between two successive weighings at intervals of 24 h is less than 0.1 percent.

5.2 Cool the tiles in the desiccator over silica gel or other suitable desiccant, but not an acid, until cooled to ambient temperature.

5.3 Weigh each tile and record the results to the corresponding accuracy shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Tile Mass : Accuracy of Measurement

Mass of Tile g

50 to 100 101 to 500

501 to 1 000

1001t03000

Above 3 000

Accuracy of Measurement

g 0.02 0.05

0.25 0.50

l%lO

3.4 A Balance

Accurate to 0.01 percent of the mass of a test specimen.

3.5 De-ionized or Distilled Water

3.6 A Desiccator

3.7 Chamois Leather

4 TEST SPECIMENS

4.1 A sample for each type of tile under test shall consist of 10 whole tiles.

4.2 If the proper surface area of each individual tile is greater than 0.04 m2, then only 5 whole tiles shall be used for the test.

4.3 When the mass of each individual tile is below 50 g, a sufficient number of tiles shall be taken so that each test specimen reaches a mass of 50 g to 100 g.

1

5.4 Place the tiles vertically, with no contact between them, in de-ionized or distilled water in the heating apparatus so that there is a depth or 50 mm of water above and below the tiles. Maintain the water level of 50 mm above the tiles throughout the test.

5.5 Heat the water until boiling and continue to boil for 2 h. Then remove the source of heat and allow the tiles to cool, still completely immersed, for 4 h.

5.6 Prepare chamois leather by wetting and wringing out by hand. Place the chamois leathe‘r on a flat surface and lightly dry each side of each tile in turn. Dab relief surface with chamois leather.

5.7 Immediately after this procedure, weigh each tile and record the results to the same accuracy as for the dry state ( see Table 1 ).

.

IS 13630 ( Part 2 ) : 1992

6 EXPRESSION OF RESULTS 6.3 Calculate the average water absorption of

6.1 For each tile, calculate the water absorption the sample as the average of the individual

as a percentage of the dry mass using the results

expression:

ma - m, 7 TEST REPORT x 100

m, where

The test report shall contain the following:

m, = mass of the dry tile; and a) a description of the tiles;

m, = mass of the wet tile. b) the water absorption of each individual

6.2 The results shall be given to the first decimal tile; and

place. c) the average water absorption.

2

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Dot : No. CED 5 ( 5156 1

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

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