12v dc to 220v ac converter circuit

8/19/2019 12V DC to 220V AC Converter Circuit

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12V DC to 220V AC Converter CircuitInverters are often needed at places where it is not possible to get AC supply from theMains An inverter circuit is used to convert the DC power to AC power !or high power applications" thyristors are often used #owever" for low and medium power

re$uirements" power transistors can be used #ere" a simple voltage driven inverter circuit using power transistors as switching devices is build" which converts 12V DCsignal to single phase 220V AC

Principle Behind this Circuit:

%he basic idea behind this circuit involves the wor&ing of a voltage driven inverter circuit An oscillator is used to drive the semiconductor switches alternatively 'ach of the switches allows the DC source voltage to appear across the primary of thetransformer in alternate intervals" causing an alternating voltage to be developed acrossthe primary %his primary voltage is then stepped up to a higher voltage dependingupon the number of turns in primary and secondary coils

Theory Behind 12v DC to 220v AC Converter Circuit:

Inverter circuits can either use thyristors as switching devices or transistors (ormallyfor low and medium power applications" power transistors are used %he reason for using power transistor is they have very low output impedance" allowing ma)imumcurrent to flow at the output

*ne of the important applications of a transistor is in switching !or this application" thetransistor is biased in saturation and cutoff region +hen the transistor is biased insaturation region" both the collector emitter and collector base ,unctions are forwardbiased #ere the collector emitter voltage is minimum and collector current is ma)imum

Another important aspect of this circuit is the oscillator An important use of --- %imer IC is in its use as an astable multivibrator An astable multivibrator produces an outputsignal which switches between the two states and hence can be used as an oscillator%he fre$uency of oscillation is determined by the values of capacitor and resistors

12v DC to 220v AC Converter CircuitDiagram:


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Circuit Diagram of 12v DC to 220v AC Converter – lectronics!u"#$rg

Circuit Components:

• V1 . 12V" /1 . 10" /2 . 1-0" / . 10*hms" / . 10*hms" 31 .

%I41" 32 . %I42" D1 . D2 . 1(005" C . 2200u!" %1 . 12V6220V step up

transformer

Circuit Design %planation:

$scillator Design: An astable multivibrator can be used as an oscillator #ere anastable multivibrator using --- timer is designed +e &now" fre$uency of oscillations for a --- timer in astable mode is given by7 f . 168/192:/2;:C

where /1 is the resistance between discharge pin and Vcc" /2 is the resistancebetween discharge pin and threshold pin and C is capacitance between threshold pinand ground Also the duty cycle of the output signal is given by7

D . 8/19/2;68/192:/2;

and assuming C to be 01u!" we cancalculate the values of /1 and /2 to be 10 and 10 *hms respectively #ere weprefer using a 1-0 potentiometer to fine tune the output signal

Also a ceramic capacitor of 001u! is used between the control pin and ground

&'itching Circuit Design: *ur main aim is to develop an AC signal of 220V %hisre$uires use of high power transistors to allow the flow of ma)imum amount of currentto the load !or this reason we use a power transistor %I41 with a ma)imum collector current of ?A" where the base current is given by the collector current divided by the DC

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current gain %his gives a bias current of about 0A :10" ieA #owever since thiscurrent is more than the ma)imum base current of the transistor" we prefer a value lessthan the ma)imum base current @et us assume the bias current to be 1A %he biasresistor is then given by

/b . 8Vcc VB'8*(;;6Ibias

!or each transistor" the VB'8*(; is about 2V %hus /b for each is calculated to be 10*hms

12v dc to 220v ac converter circuit

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