120 june 20151 puro: reverse osmosis in a well department of water management section sanitary...
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1April 18, 2023 1
PURO: reverse osmosis in a well
Department of Water ManagementSection Sanitary engineering
Bas Heijman
2
Content
• Introduction reverse osmosis• Brackish water: sustainable source for drinking
water• Energy aspect of reverse osmosis• Is infiltration of concentrate sustainable?• Conclusions
• Other research into sustainable drinking water production
4
Content
• Introduction reverse osmosis• Brackish water: sustainable source for drinking
water• Energy aspect of reverse osmosis• Is infiltration of concentrate sustainable?• Conclusions
• Other research into sustainable drinking water production
6
Brackish water: sustainable source for drinking water Nieuwe
Maas
-20
NAP
-10
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
-90
250m
deklaag
WVP ondiep
scheidende laag
WVP diep
<150 mg/l
150 – 300 mg/l
300 – 500 mg/l
500 – 1.000 mg/l
>1.000 mg/l
huidige RO-puttenReijerpark putten rivierzijde
7
Brackish water: sustainable source for drinking water Nieuwe
Maas
-20
NAP
-10
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
-90
250m
deklaag
WVP ondiep
scheidende laag
WVP diep
<150 mg/l
150 – 300 mg/l
300 – 500 mg/l
500 – 1.000 mg/l
>1.000 mg/l
huidige RO-puttenReijerpark putten rivierzijde
Micropollutants
Water > 100 years in sub surface
9
Brackish water: sustainable source for drinking water
• Option 1: discharge to channel
• Option 2: discharge to sea
• Option 3: infiltrate in the subsurface
12
3
10
Brackish water: sustainable source for drinking water• RO submerged in a well• Hydrostatic pressure about 7 bar• No feed pump needed• Cross flow pump: about 1 bar• Permeate pump: about 7 bar• Extraction brackish water above RO• Infiltration concentrate (2x) beneath RO
11
Energy aspect of reverse osmosis
Feed 50 m³/h8 bar
Permeate 25 m³/h0 bar
Concentrate 25 m³/h7 bar>>0 bar
Normal RO
+8 bar Sub-murged RO
+1 bar + 7 bar
12
Energy aspect of reverse osmosis
• PURO 40% energy savings compared to normal brackish water RO
• Both RO’s calculated with 50% recovery• Substantial energy savings!
14
Is infiltration of concentrate sustainable?
• In “Westland” about 1000 RO installations for farmers with infiltration of concentrate
• Province of South-Holland: no permits for farmers after 1013
• No alternative at this moment
15
Is infiltration of concentrate sustainable?
• Decreasing fresh water reserve?• What is the water balans?• Faith of all the ions in the subsurface. Not only
NaCl but also ions like As, Pb, Hg etc.• How does the concept fit into regulations?
Province, Netherlands, Europe • How does the concept fit into future
regulations?
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Is infiltration of concentrate sustainable? Nieuwe
Maas
-20
NAP
-10
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
-90
250m
deklaag
WVP ondiep
scheidende laag
WVP diep
<150 mg/l
150 – 300 mg/l
300 – 500 mg/l
500 – 1.000 mg/l
>1.000 mg/l
huidige RO-puttenReijerpark putten rivierzijde
18
Conclusions
• Brackish water is a sustainable source for drinking water because of the absence of micro-pollutants
• PURO: 40% less energy consumption compared to conventional brackish water RO
• Concentrate infiltration is necessary within the PURO concept
• Concerns of concentrate infiltration important research topic
19
Content
• Introduction reverse osmosis• Brackish water sustainable source for drinking
water• Energy aspect of reverse osmosis• Is infiltration of concentrate sustainable?• Conclusions
• Other research into sustainable drinking water production
20
Drinking with the wind
• Several prototypes • Seawater: pressure 60 bar• Brackish water:
pressure 15 bar
21
Drinking with the wind
• 3th windmill/RO combi• Cheap drink water for
10.000 people in Somaliland
• Drinkwater from brackish groundwater with RO
• Direct use of wind energy (no electricity)