12 principles of computer animation amy gooch aa3: animation

12 Principles of Computer Animation

Amy Gooch

AA3: Animation

Copyright "Illusion of Life: Disney Animation" by Ollie Frank/Johnson Thomas

12 Principles of Animation

• Created by Disney Studios in 1930s– Snow White (1937)– Pinocchio & Fantastia (1940)– Dumbo (1941)– Bambi (1942)

Really about…

• Performance– Directing Performance– Representing reality– Interpreting real world physics– Editing sequence of actions

Squash and stretch


Squash and stretch

QuickTime™ and aCinepak decompressor

are needed to see this picture.



Copyright ©1999 Michael B. Comet All Rights Reserved.Copyright "Illusion of Life: Disney Animation" by Ollie Frank/Johnson Thomas

Anticipation



Top: move simply

Bottom: anticipates motion before moving, broadcasting what is about to happen

Copyright ©1999 Michael B. Comet All Rights Reserved.Copyright "Illusion of Life: Disney Animation" by Ollie Frank/Johnson Thomas

Anticipation

Bad Jump: no anticipation

Good Jump: crouch first,then jump





Copyright ©1999 Michael B. Comet All Rights Reserved.

Staging


Staging

Bad Silhouette Good SilhouetteCopyright ©1999 Michael B. Comet All Rights Reserved.

Two Animation Techniques for Action

• Pose-to-Pose

• Straight-ahead

(Ex: Ryan by Chris Landreth)Copyright "Illusion of Life: Disney Animation" by Ollie Frank/Johnson Thomas

Action, pt 2

Follow-thru Action

Overlapping Action


Follow-thru Action



Balls Top: No Follow thru Bottom: Follow thru



Arm Rotates with follow thru Hand continues past stop position, then falls back in place


Follow-thru Action



Watch the antenas


Movement: Slow-in and Slow-out

• The ball in the right eases in/out at the top; looks smoother and more natural



• The ball on the left moves at a constant speed; looks abrupt


Movement: Slow-in and Slow-out

• Good, with ease• More natural, fluid

• Bad, No ease• Very Robotic






Movement: Arcs


Arcs

• Bad, Linear ball • Good, Arc ball






Arcs: Head Turn

• Bad, Linear • Good, Arc






Secondary Action


Timing

QuickTime™ and aVideo decompressor


QuickTime™ and aVideo decompressor


Timing Head Turn

• 60 Frame– Looks like stretch

• 30 Frame– Looks like “no no

no”

• 5 Frame– Looks like he got

hit








Exaggeration

• Bad

• GoodQuickTime™ and a

Cinepak decompressorare needed to see this picture.




Solid modeling and rigging

• (solid drawing in 1930s)


Character Personality

12 Principles of Animation

• Squash and Stretch• Anticipation• Staging• Follow-thru and Overlapping Action• Straight-ahead and Pose-to-Pose• Slow-in and Slow-out• Arcs• Secondary Action• Timing• Exaggeration• Solid Modeling and Rigging• Character Personality

A few more…

Visual Styling

Blend Motion

• Cartoon physics

• Realistic cartoon

• Realistic human

• Rotoscoping

Cinematography

• Lighting

• Composition

• Squencing

Facial animation

• More subtle controls in CG

• Decide early on level of control

User-controlled animation

• Games allow user intervention

• Built-in anticipation

• Branch smoothly between action shots

Animation Examples

• Siggraph 2004 DVD

Credits• http://www.siggraph.org/education/materials/HyperGraph/animation/character_animati

on/principles/prin_trad_anim.htm• Kerlow’s Book• Jessica Hodgin’s Notes• http://www.comet-cartoons.com/toons/3ddocs/charanim/ (animations)

12 principles of computer animation amy gooch aa3: animation

Documents

animation slide

timing slide

disney animation

arc copyright

abrupt copyright

robotic copyright

antenas copyright

place copyright