119466 - learner guide

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

1/50

Interpret a variety of literary texts DOC No 119466PAGE No 1 of 50

REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

Unit Standard Number 119466

LEARNER GUIDE

US 119466

Interpret a variety of literary

texts

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

2/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

Contents

DESCRIPTION OF UNIT STNDRD!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!4

1 SPECIFIC OUTCO"E# Extra$t %eanin& fro% a variety of literary texts!!!'

1!1 (istenin&)si&nin&)rea*in&)vie+in& strate&ies appropriate to t,e texts

st-*ie* are a*opte*!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!6

1!. /ey feat-res of literary texts are i*enti0e* an* t,e role of ea$, is

explaine*!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!14

1! O+n responses are $on0r%e* an*)or a*apte* after intera$tion +it,ot,ers +,en *is$-ssin& a text!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!16

1!4 Evi*en$e $ite* fro% texts in *efen$e of a position is relevant!!!! !!16

. SPECIFIC OUTCO"E# I*entify an* explain feat-res t,at in2-en$e response

to texts!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.3

.!1 T,e ,-%an experien$es an* val-es in texts are explore* an*

explaine*!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.1

.!. variety of texts are explore* an* explaine* in ter%s of so$ial or

personal relevan$e!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.

.! Responses to points of vie+ in text are i%a&inative an* an

-n*erstan*in& of s-rfa$e or e%e**e* %eanin& in t,e text is re2e$te*

in presentations of o+n vie+points!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.4

.!4 T,e +ay in +,i$, people respon* *i5erently to texts is explore* an*

*is$-sse*!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.

SPECIFIC OUTCO"E# Pro*-$e o+n texts in response to literary texts!!1

!1 Content is o-tline* an* relate* to t,e%e an* $,ara$ter *evelop%ent!

.

!. &oo* &rasp of t,e si&ni0$ant i*eas of t,e texts is *e%onstrate*!

! Use of $ertain stylisti$ *evi$es is i*enti0e*7 an* t,e e5e$ts $reate*

are *es$rie*!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!4

.

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

3/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

!4 O+n -n*erstan*in& of $,ara$terisation is 8-sti0e*!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!'

!' Sele$te* literary texts are -se* as a asis for +ritin&)si&nin& in

*i5erent for%ats an* re&isters!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Document Revision Record

Date of Revision DescritionRevision

No!

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

4/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

DESCRI"#I$N $% UNI# S#ANDARD

Unit Standard

#it&e'Interret a variet( of &iterar( te)ts

SA*A Number' 119466

Credits' +

N*% Leve&' ,

%ie&d' Communication Studies and Lan-ua-e

Sub.%ie&d' Lan-ua-e

Re-istration

Start Date'/01/.0.01

Re-istration End

Date'/01+.06.,0

T,is Unit Stan*ar* +ill enale learners to *is$-ss t,e style an* p-rpose of

t,e text7 i%plie* an* state* %eanin&s7 t,e%es7 plot7 t,e a-t,ors point of

vie+ an* t,e $ontext in +,i$, t,e text arose! T,ey +ill e ale -se literat-re

as a ase to st-*y an* %a:e 8-*&e%ents ao-t ,-%an an* so$ial iss-es!

T,ey are a+are of t,e *ra%a an* po+er of lan&-a&e!

;y t,e en* of t,is Unit Stan*ar*7 yo- +ill e ale to#

1! Extra$t %eanin& fro% a variety of literary texts

.! I*entify an* explain feat-res t,at in2-en$e response to texts

! Pro*-$e o+n texts in response to literary texts

4

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

5/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

S"ECI%IC$U#C$2E

11 S"ECI%IC $U#C$2E' E3#RAC# 2EANING %R$2 A

ARIE#5 $% LI#ERAR5 #E3#S!

T,e p-rpose of t,is O-t$o%e is to enale yo- to extra$t %eanin& fro% a

variety of literary texts!

T,is Spe$i0$ O-t$o%e +ill enale yo- to ens-re#

1! (istenin&)si&nin&)rea*in&)vie+in& strate&ies appropriate to t,e texts

st-*ie* are a*opte*!

.! /ey feat-res of literary texts are i*enti0e* an* t,e role of ea$, is

explaine*!

! O+n responses are $on0r%e* an*)or a*apte* after intera$tion +it,

ot,ers +,en *is$-ssin& a text!

4! Evi*en$e $ite* fro% texts in *efen$e of a position is relevant!

'

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

6/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

1!1 LIS#ENINGSIGNINGREADINGIE7ING S#RA#EGIES

A""R$"RIA#E #$ #8E #E3#S S#UDIED ARE AD$"#ED!

Test refers to a oo: or ot,er +ritten or printe* +or:7 re&ar*e* in

ter%s of its $ontent rat,er t,an its p,ysi$al for%! T,ere are vario-s

strate&ies t,at are appropriate to spe$i0$ texts an* it is i%portant to

-tilise t,e est strate&y appli$ale to text type! T,e strate&ies

in$l-*e t,e follo+in

1! (istenin& .! Si&nin& ! Rea*in& 4! *o+n strate&ies are listener ase*? t,e listener

taps into a$:&ro-n*

:no+le*&e of t,e topi$7 t,e sit-ation or $ontext7 t,e type of text7

an* t,e lan&-a&e! T,is a$:&ro-n* :no+le*&e a$tivates a set of

expe$tations t,at ,elp t,e listener to interpret +,at is ,ear* an*

anti$ipate +,at +ill $o%e next! Top>*o+n strate&ies in$l-*e#

listenin& for t,e %ain i*ea

pre*i$tin&

*ra+in& inferen$es

s-%%ari@in&

.! ;otto%>-p strate&ies are text ase*? t,e listener relies on t,elan&-a&e in t,e %essa&e7 t,at is7 t,e $o%ination of so-n*s7

6

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

7/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

+or*s7 an* &ra%%ar t,at $reates %eanin&! ;otto%>-p strate&ies

in$l-*e

listenin& for spe$i0$ *etails

re$o&ni@in& $o&nates

re$o&ni@in& +or*>or*er patterns

Strate&i$ listeners also -se %eta$o&nitive strate&ies to plan7

%onitor7 an* eval-ate t,eir listenin&!

T,ey plan y *e$i*in& +,i$, listenin& strate&ies +ill serve est

in a parti$-lar sit-ation!

T,ey %onitor t,eir $o%pre,ension an* t,e e5e$tiveness of t,e

sele$te* strate&ies!

T,ey eval-ate y *eter%inin& +,et,er t,ey ,ave a$,ieve*

t,eir listenin& $o%pre,ension &oals an* +,et,er t,e

$o%ination of listenin& strate&ies sele$te* +as an e5e$tive

one!

Listenin- for 2eanin-

To extra$t %eanin& fro% a listenin& text7 yo- nee* to follo+ fo-r asi$

steps#

Fi&-re o-t t,e p-rpose for listenin&! $tivate a$:&ro-n* :no+le*&e

of t,e topi$ in or*er to pre*i$t or anti$ipate $ontent an* i*entify

appropriate listenin& strate&ies!

tten* to t,e parts of t,e listenin& inp-t t,at are relevant to t,e

i*enti0e* p-rpose an* i&nore t,e rest! T,is sele$tivity enales yo-

to fo$-s on spe$i0$ ite%s in t,e inp-t an* re*-$es t,e a%o-nt of

A

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

8/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

infor%ation t,ey ,ave to ,ol* in s,ort>ter% %e%ory in or*er to

re$o&ni@e it!

Sele$t top>*o+n an* otto%>-p strate&ies t,at are appropriate to

t,e listenin& tas: an* -se t,e% 2exily an* intera$tively! Bo-

$o%pre,ension i%proves an* t,eir $on0*en$e in$reases +,en t,ey

-se top>*o+n an* otto%>-p strate&ies si%-ltaneo-sly to $onstr-$t

%eanin&!

C,e$: $o%pre,ension +,ile listenin& an* +,en t,e listenin& tas: is

over! "onitorin& $o%pre,ension ,elps yo- *ete$t in$onsisten$ies

an* $o%pre,ension fail-res7 *ire$tin& t,e% to -se alternate

strate&ies!

Readin- Strate-ies

In*ivi*-als *o not a-to%ati$ally transfer t,e strate&ies t,ey -se +,en

rea*in& in t,eir native lan&-a&e to rea*in& in a lan&-a&e t,ey are learnin&!

Instea*7 t,ey see% to t,in: rea*in& %eans startin& at t,e e&innin& an*

&oin& +or* y +or*7 stoppin& to loo: -p every -n:no+n vo$a-lary ite%7

-ntil t,ey rea$, t,e en*! ,en t,ey *o t,is7 t,ey are relyin& ex$l-sively on

t,eir lin&-isti$ :no+le*&e7 a otto%>-p strate&y! One of t,e %ost i%portant

rea*in& strate&ies is to -se top>*o+n strate&ies as yo- *o in yo-r native

lan&-a&e!

Bo- nee* to a*8-st yo-r rea*in& e,avio-r to *eal +it, a variety ofsit-ations7 types of inp-t7 an* rea*in& p-rposes! It is i%portant to *evelop a

set of rea*in& strate&ies an* %at$, appropriate strate&ies to ea$, rea*in&

sit-ation!

Strate-ies tat can e& (ou read more :uic;&( and e

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

9/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

Previe+in revie+in& titles7 se$tion ,ea*in&s7 an* p,oto $aptions to

&et a sense of t,e str-$t-re an* $ontent of a rea*in& sele$tion!

Pre*i$tin -sin& :no+le*&e of t,e s-8e$t %atter to %a:e pre*i$tions

ao-t $ontent an* vo$a-lary an* $,e$: $o%pre,ension? -sin&

:no+le*&e of t,e text type an* p-rpose to %a:e pre*i$tions ao-t

*is$o-rse str-$t-re? -sin& :no+le*&e ao-t t,e a-t,or to %a:e

pre*i$tions ao-t +ritin& style7 vo$a-lary7 an* $ontent!

S:i%%in& an* s$annin -sin& a =-i$: s-rvey of t,e text to &et t,e

%ain i*ea7 i*entify text str-$t-re7 $on0r% or =-estion pre*i$tions!

-essin& fro% $ontext# -sin& prior :no+le*&e of t,e s-8e$t an* t,e

i*eas in t,e text as $l-es to t,e %eanin&s of -n:no+n +or*s7 instea*

of stoppin& to loo: t,e% -p!

Parap,rasin stoppin& at t,e en* of a se$tion to $,e$: $o%pre,ension

y restatin& t,e infor%ation an* i*eas in t,e text

7en and o= to use readin- strate-ies in severa& =a(s!

;y %o*ellin& t,e strate&ies alo-*7 tal:in& t,ro-&, t,e pro$esses of

previe+in&7 pre*i$tin&7 s:i%%in& an* s$annin&7 an* parap,rasin&! T,is

s,o+s ,o+ t,e strate&ies +or: an* ,o+ %-$, t,ey $an :no+ ao-t a

text efore t,ey e&in to rea* +or* y +or*!

;y -sin& $lo@e 0ll in t,e lan: exer$ises to revie+ vo$a-lary ite%s!

T,is ,elps yo- learn to &-ess %eanin& fro% $ontext!

;y tryin& o-t *i5erent strate&ies yo- t,in: +ill ,elp yo- approa$, a

rea*in& assi&n%ent7 an* t,en analyse after rea*in& ao-t +,at

strate&ies yo- a$t-ally -se*! T,is ,elps yo- *evelop 2exiility in yo-r

$,oi$e of strate&ies!

,en yo- -se rea*in& strate&ies7 yo- 0n* t,at yo- $an $ontrol t,e rea*in&

experien$e7 an* t,ey &ain $on0*en$e in yo-r aility to rea* t,e lan&-a&e!

9

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

10/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

Readin- to LearnRea*in& is an essential part of lan&-a&e instr-$tion at every level e$a-se it

s-pports learnin& in %-ltiple +ays!

Rea*in& to learn t,e text# Rea*in& %aterial is text inp-t! ;y rea*in& a

variety of texts7 yo- are fa$e* +it, %-ltiple opport-nities to asor

vo$a-lary7 &ra%%ar7 senten$e str-$t-re7 an* *is$o-rse str-$t-re as

t,ey o$$-r in a-t,enti$ $ontexts! Bo- t,-s &ain a %ore $o%pletepi$t-re of t,e +ays in +,i$, t,e ele%ents of t,e lan&-a&e +or:

to&et,er to $onvey %eanin&!

Rea*in& for $ontent infor%ation# Bo-r p-rpose for rea*in& is often to

otain infor%ation ao-t a s-8e$t yo- are st-*yin&! Rea*in& for

$ontent infor%ation &ives yo- ot, a-t,enti$ rea*in& %aterial an* an

a-t,enti$ p-rpose for rea*in&!

Rea*in& for $-lt-ral :no+le*&e an* a+areness# Rea*in& every*ay

%aterials t,at are *esi&ne* for vario-s spea:ers $an &ive yo- insi&,t

into t,e lifestyles an* +orl*vie+s of t,e people +,ose lan&-a&e t,ey

are st-*yin&! ,en yo- ,ave a$$ess to ne+spapers7 %a&a@ines7 an*

e sites7 yo- are expose* to $-lt-re in all its variety7 an* %onolit,i$

$-lt-ral stereotypes e&in to rea: *o+n!

,en rea*in& to learn7 yo- nee* to follo+ fo-r asi$ steps#

13

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

11/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

Fi&-re o-t t,e p-rpose for rea*in&! $tivate a$:&ro-n* :no+le*&e of

t,e topi$ in or*er to pre*i$t or anti$ipate $ontent an* i*entify

appropriate rea*in& strate&ies!

tten* to t,e parts of t,e text t,at are relevant to t,e i*enti0e*

p-rpose an* i&nore t,e rest! T,is sele$tivity enales yo- to fo$-s on

spe$i0$ ite%s in t,e inp-t an* re*-$es t,e a%o-nt of infor%ation t,ey

,ave to ,ol* in s,ort>ter% %e%ory!

Sele$t strate&ies t,at are appropriate to t,e rea*in& tas: an* -se t,e%

2exily an* intera$tively! Bo- $o%pre,ension i%proves an* t,eir

$on0*en$e in$reases +,en t,ey -se top>*o+n an* otto%>-p s:ills

si%-ltaneo-sly to $onstr-$t %eanin&!

C,e$: $o%pre,ension +,ile rea*in& an* +,en t,e rea*in& tas: is

$o%plete*! "onitorin& $o%pre,ension ,elps yo- *ete$t

in$onsisten$ies an* $o%pre,ension fail-res7 ,elpin& t,e% learn to -se

alternate strate&ies!

ie=in- Strate-ies

s yo- vie+ vis-al texts7 yo- nee* to -se a ran&e of vie+in& s:ills an*

strate&ies to %a:e sense of t,e vis-al i%a&es7 an* a$$o%panyin& oral an*

print text!

Conne$t %eanin&s in t,e %essa&es to t,eir prior :no+le*&e an* experien$es

Consi*er t,e pra&%ati$ iss-es asso$iate* +it, t,e i%a&es in$l-*in

,at is t,e %essa&eG

,o is t,e %essa&e forG

,at is t,e p-rpose of t,e %essa&eG

,at ,ave I learne* ao-t t,e topi$7 ao-t %yself7 an* ao-t ot,ersG

,ose point of vie+ is presente*G

Bo- nee* to %a:e sense of it an* respon* personally7 $riti$ally7 an*

$reatively!

11

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

12/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

T,e International Rea*in& sso$iation says t,at7 H;ein& literate in

$onte%porary so$iety %eans ein& a$tive7 $riti$al7 an* $reative -sers not

only of print an* spo:en lan&-a&e -t also of t,e vis-al lan&-a&e of 0l% an*

television7 $o%%er$ial an* politi$al a*vertisin&7 p,oto&rap,y7 an* %oreH

ie=in- s;i&&s and strate-ies' Guide&ines!

Expose yo-rself to %any opport-nities for to vie+ *aily!

Re$o&ni@e t,e *i5erent for%s vis-al texts $an ta:e in$l-*in

isua&Audiovisua&2u&timedia

a*vertise%entsprintoo: $overs-lletin oar*sro$,-res$artoons print$o%p-ter &rap,i$s*ia&ra%s*iora%as*ra+in&sill-strations%aps%i%e presentations%o*elspaintin&sp,oto&rap,spost $ar*s an*posterstalea-x

ani%ationCD>RO"s*an$e $reations*ra%as0l%sInternet sites%-lti%e*iapresentationsne+s$astson>line %a&a@inesoral reportsp-ppet playsrea*ers t,eatress:itsso-n* pie$estelevisionvi*eos

ie=in- Strate-ies

1.

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

13/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

1! Pi$t-re ;oo: St-*ies# Sele$t vario-s pi$t-re oo:s or ill-strations for

vie+in&! T,ro-&, &-i*e* *is$-ssion7 tal: ao-t t,e a-t,or or

ill-strators style7 art +or:7 an* ot,er interestin& *etails! Bo- $an learn

to en8oy an* appre$iate +ell>$rafte* vis-al text an* t,e lan&-a&e t,at

a$$o%panies it! Rea* an* vie+ ot,er oo:s +ritten or ill-strate* y t,e

sa%e a-t,ors an* ill-strators!

.! allery al:s# allery +al:s allo+ yo- to vie+ ot,ers +or:7

parti$-larly *isplays7 ill-strations7 p,otos7 or %-lti%e*ia

representations7 an* to pro$ess t,e $ontent in preparation for*is$-ssion an* re2e$tion! Constr-$t *isplays or representations ao-t

vario-s aspe$ts of a topi$! Re$or* t,e i%portant points of yo-r

oservations an* *is$-ssion! Revie+ yo-r notes an* *eter%ine +,at

yo- t,in: are t,e %ost i%portant oservations! S,ares yo-r in*ivi*-al

list +it, so%eone an* ne&otiate to $reate a $o%%on list!

! Dra%a an* P-ppet Plays# ,et,er for%ally str-$t-re* an* presente*

y a professional tro-pe or infor%ally sta&e* y peers7 *ra%a an*p-ppetry are po+erf-l ve,i$les for *evelopin& vie+in& s:ills! Bo- $an

learn to analy@e an* appre$iate t,e sit-ations an* plots7 t,e *ialo&-e

an* $,ara$ters7 an* t,e ele%ents t,at &o into a perfor%in& art!

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

14/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

isua& Audio #ecnica&

rran&e%ent

Color

Fa$ial

expression

est-res

(ine

Point of vie+

Si@e

S,ape

Dialo&-e

i&, vs! lo+

(o-* vs! soft

"-si$

Silen$e

Sin&le vs! %-ltiple

so-n*s

So-n* e5e$ts

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

15/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

-s-ally rea* to tea$, rat,er t,an for entertain%ent e$a-se literary

texts ran&e

fro% easy to -n*erstan* to so%et,in& t,at ,as to e rea* %ore

t,an on$e an*

analy@e*! T,ese types of texts al+ays ,ave a reason for ein&

+ritten rat,er t,an

si%ply on a +,i%! (iterary texts7 s-$, as S,a:espeare7 Fa-l:ner7

E%erson7 an*

(an&ston -&,es7 rin& -p lar&e iss-es of so$iety or 2a+s in ,-%annat-re t,at

are explore* an* expose* for t,e prole%s t,at t,ey $a-se an*

so%e even &o a

step eyon* t,is to o5er a +ay to repair t,e% or even f-t-risti$

pre*i$tions!

(iterary texts are +ell $onstr-$te* an* ta:e ti%e to $o%pose

$reatively an*%eanin&f-lly!

>e( features of &iterar( te)ts

n i%portant feat-re of literary texts +,i$, *istin&-is,es

t,e% fro% ot,er :in*s of pers-asive *is$o-rse is t,e fa$t t,at

t,ey operate not t,ro-&, *ire$t state%ent an* expli$it

revelation of t,eir $ontents -t instea* t,ro-&, in*ire$tall-sion7 -n*erstate%ent7 i%pli$ation7 an* even $on$eal%ent!

(iterary texts in e5e$t often veil t,e tr-t, +,i$, t,ey see: to

$onvey in an atte%pt at en,an$in& its attra$tiveness an*

en*o+in& it +it, a sense of %ystery an* trans$en*ental

val-e! (iterat-re7 %-$, li:e %o*ern a*vertise%ent7 is often

an atte%pt at pers-asion +,i$, operates on s-li%inal levels

an* artf-lly instils its %essa&e y $on$ealin& it -n*er a $overof 0$tional sit-ations an* *evi$es a5e$tin& t,e a-*ien$e on

1'

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

16/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

e%otional7 int-itive7 experiential7 an* instin$tive levels!

&iven story for exa%ple %ay see: to pro%ote a parti$-lar

vie+ of t,e +orl* not y 2atly statin& it -t instea* y

$onstr-$tin& a set of e%otionally $,ar&e* an* see%in&ly

Hrealisti$H sit-ations lea*in& to t,e al%ost -navoi*ale7 -t

al+ays -nstate*7 $on$l-sion of t,e storys inten*e* %oral!

(iterary texts t,-s $onvey %eanin& to t,eir rea*ers in +ays

+,i$, &o far eyon* t,e %ere literal or Hs-rfa$eH level of

si&ni0$ation! In*ee*7 literary texts *istin&-is, t,e%selves

fro% ot,er texts y t,e s-tleties an* intri$a$ies of t,eir

%any levels of %eanin& an* y t,e $o%%on fa$t t,at t,e

a$t-al H%eanin&H of t,e text is al%ost al+ays ,i**en an*

i%pli$it in t,e fari$ of t,e +or:s *evi$es!

"eanin& in literat-re is t,erefore so%et,in& t,at nee*s to e

*eter%ine* not %erely on t,e asis of a fa$e val-e

-n*erstan*in& of t,e +or*s in it -t t,ro-&, a $o%plete

eval-ation of t,e si&nifyin& $o%plexity of t,e r,etori$7 0&-res

of spee$,7 i%a&es7 sy%ols7 all-sions7 $onnotations7

s-&&estions7 an* i%pli$ations of t,e entire text!

1!, $7N RES"$NSES ARE C$N%IR2ED AND$R ADA"#ED A%#ER

IN#ERAC#I$N 7I#8 $#8ERS 78EN DISCUSSING A #E3#!

ro-p *is$-ssion is a pro$ess +,ere ex$,an&e of i*eas an* opinions

are *eate* -pon +,ilst *is$-ssin& texts! ,en yo- parti$ipate in

&ro-p *is$-ssions7 it i%portant to reali@e t,at t,e ot,er %e%ers

%ay not s,are t,e sa%e vie+s on t,e text as yo-!

s: =-estions an* &ive responses t,at +ill &enerate &oo*

*is$-ssion of t,e text! -i*e t,e intera$tion +it, fo$-se* =-estions

an* responses +,i$, $an ,ave %ore t,an one ans+er! voi*

16

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

17/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

=-estions t,at $an eli$it one>+or* ans+ers an* also one>+or*

ans+ers!

1!4 EIDENCE CI#ED %R$2 #E3#S IN DE%ENCE $% A "$SI#I$N IS

RELEAN#!

Evi*en$e is re=-ire* fro% t,e pri%ary text to ens-re t,at yo-r

*efen$e of a

position is relevant an* also s-pport yo-r interpretative $lai%s! Bo-r

$riti$al

points %-st e roote* in t,e text itself7 an* not ase* on $on8e$t-re

or

spe$-lation!

Of $o-rse7 t,ere is a &reat *eal involve* in -sin& text-al evi*en$e to

*efen* a

position!

T,e :ey point to re%e%er is t,at yo-r -se of ot,er texts is not

li%ite* to

=-otin& fro% a-t,ors +it, +,o% yo- a&ree t,o-&, t,is +ill e t,e

%ost

$o%%on -se! Bo- $an $ite evi*en$e fro% texts as#

So-r$es of evi*en$e

O8e$ts of analysis

So-r$es of *ata or infor%ation

-t,orities to s-pport yo-r $lai%s

Representatives of opposin& points of vie+

T,ere are t,ree %ain +ays to -se evi*en$e or exa%ples fro% a text to

*efen* yo-r position an* also ill-strate yo-r o+n points! T,ey are#

1! "a:in& a referen$e to t,e a-t,or or t,e text!

1A

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

18/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

.! Parap,rasin&)s-%%ari@in& t,e a-t,or y tellin& ao-t t,e i*eas or

story in yo-r o+n +or*s!

! Dire$tly =-otin& fro% t,e text

,en yo- 0rst refer to7 parap,rase)s-%%ari@e or =-ote fro% anot,er

+or: yo- s,o-l* try to in$orporate into yo-r senten$e t,e f-ll na%e of t,e

a-t,or an* t,e title of t,e text!

S-se=-ent referen$es to t,e sa%e +or: an* a-t,or $an -se t,e lastna%e of t,e a-t,or or t,e title of t,e text

A %e= Cautions

T,ere are a fe+ points to re%e%er +,en -sin& text to ill-strate yo-r

point#

,ile so%eone elseJs +or*s $an really ,elp yo- %a:e yo-r point7

t,e rea*er is %ost intereste* in yo-r +or*s7 so %a:e yo-r

referen$es7 parap,rases an* =-otes relatively rief!

Inte&rate *ire$t =-otes into t,e lan&-a&e i!e! &ra%%ar an* ver

tense of yo-r +ritin&!

C,oose +,at yo- +ant to -se $aref-lly! "a:e s-re yo- nee* it to

ill-strate yo-r point7 an* t,en %a:e s-re t,at yo- provi*e t,e

$ontext ne$essary for t,e rea*er to -n*erstan* ,o+ t,e %aterial

ill-strates t,at point!

l+ays $ite t,e text an* a-t,or yo- are -sin&! Fail-re7 even if

-nintentional7 to properly a$:no+le*&e so%eone elseJs +or*s or

i*eas is pla&iaris%!

l+ays intro*-$e t,e a-t,or an* text! "a:e s-re it is $lear to t,e

rea*er +,o is spea:in& an* +,ose

i*eas yo- are s,o+in&! Tell -s +,y +e s,o-l* $are ao-t +,o t,is person

is an* +,at t,is person ,as to say! On$e yo- ,ave intro*-$e* t,e a-t,or7

refer to t,e a-t,or y t,e a-t,orJs last na%e!

1

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

19/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

If t,e &ra%%ar espe$ially ver tense an* prono-ns of t,e =-otation

*oes not 0t t,e &ra%%ar of yo-r +ritin&7 $,an&e it to 0t t,e &ra%%ar of

yo-r +ritin&7 p-ttin& t,e $,an&e* +or*s in ra$:ets!

1! Explain t,e i%portan$e of ein& $o%petent in t,e follo+in& s:ills inyo-r $-rrent 8o#

i! (istenin&

ii! Rea*in&

iii! e(

1

.

19

Assessment 1 Cec;oints

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

20/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

S"ECI%IC$U#C$2E

// S"ECI%IC $U#C$2E' IDEN#I%5 AND E3"LAIN %EA#URES

#8A# IN%LUENCE RES"$NSE #$ #E3#S!

T,e p-rpose of t,is O-t$o%e is to enale yo- to i*entify an* explain

feat-res t,at in2-en$e response to texts!

T,is Spe$i0$ O-t$o%e +ill enale yo- to ens-re#1! T,e ,-%an experien$es an* val-es in texts are explore* an*

explaine*!

.! Cl-es in t,e text ao-t experien$es an* eliefs of t,e a-t,or are

fo-n* an* explaine*!

! variety of texts are explore* an* explaine* in ter%s of so$ial or

personal relevan$e!

.3

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

21/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

4! Responses to points of vie+ in text are i%a&inative an* an

-n*erstan*in& of s-rfa$e or e%e**e* %eanin& in t,e text is

re2e$te* in presentations of o+n vie+points!

'! T,e +ay in +,i$, people respon* *i5erently to texts is explore* an*

*is$-sse*!

/!1 #8E 8U2AN E3"ERIENCES AND ALUES IN #E3#S ARE

E3"L$RED AND E3"LAINED!

,en p-ttin& to&et,er text ase* on ,-%an experien$es an*

val-es one ,as to

e a+are of t,e a-*ien$e t,at +ill ,ave a$$ess to t,e text! -%an

experien$es

an* val-es $an o5en* $ertain rea*ers!

,en yo- &o t,ro-&, texts yo- :no+ 8-st +,o t,e +riter is tal:in&

to! One of

t,e f-n*a%entals of &oo* +ritin& is tailorin& +ritin& to t,ose +,o

+ill e

rea*in& text t,at is7 t,e a-*ien$e! For t,ose +it, t,e s:ills to *ot,is7

s-$$ess ao-n*s! For ot,ers7 +,o are -nale to $onne$t +ritin& to

a-*ien$e or

+,o are -na+are of t,is nee*7 fail-re loo%s! Bo- $an en* -p ore*!

Bo- %i&,t not -n*erstan* t,e %essa&e or %ay e$o%e $onf-se*

over

.1

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

22/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

t,e %eanin&! T,e +riter %i&,t e atte%ptin& to $onvey one t,in&

an* yo- %ay

$o%pre,en* so%et,in& else! Cl-es in t,e text ao-t experien$es

an* eliefs of

t,e a-t,or are fo-n* an* explaine*!

T,ere are t,ree types of a-*ien$es! Bo- nee* to +or: o-t +,i$, one

yo- are

+ritin& for efore yo- e&in t,e +ritin& pro$ess! T,ese t,ree$ate&ories in$l-*e#

lay? %ana&erial? an* experts!

T,e layperson *oes not possess expert :no+le*&e an*

re=-ires $ontext-al infor%ation an* a**itional *es$riptions!

T,e %ana&erial a-*ien$e $o-l* possess in$rease* fa%iliarity

+it, t,e topi$? ,o+ever7 t,ey re=-ire a$:&ro-n* *ata an*

statisti$s in or*er to arrive at $on$l-sions an* i%portant

*e$isions!

T,e 0nal a-*ien$e $ate&ory s-&&este* y "-ras:i .339 is

t,e expert! T,is a-*ien$e re=-ires a $o%pletely *i5erent

approa$,!

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

23/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

s-8e$tG If yo- +ere to +rite 8ar&on spe$i0$ to t,at topi$7 +o-l* t,e

a-*ien$e

-n*erstan* t,e %eanin& of t,e $o%%-ni$ationG

T,ere are t+o %ain +ritin& styles# for%al an* infor%al! T,ese

+ritin& styles are

f-n*a%ental to *e$i*in& ,o+ to +rite for *i5erent a-*ien$es an*

p-rposes!

For%al refers to a %ore KproperJ style of +ritin& t,at is &overne* y

r-les an*

re&-lations? +,ile infor%al *enotes a +ritin& style t,at is %ore

relaxe* an* is not

presi*e* over y stri$t &-i*elines!

T,e tar&et a-*ien$e an* p-li$ations +,ere yo- %ost often seefor%al +ritin& is

in a$a*e%i$7 -siness7 an* oL$ial &overn%ent p-li$ations!

Infor%al +ritin& is often seen in +e $ontent7 in pop-lar %a&a@ines7

an* in letter

an* e%ail $orrespon*en$e to frien*s an* fa%ily!

,en +ritin&7 it is also ne$essary to $onsi*er +,at is typi$al for t,at

type of

p-li$ation an* tar&et a-*ien$e! In ter%s of for%alities7 yo- s,o-l*

$onsi*er if

$itation an* referen$es are $o%%on in t,at type of +ritin&

Colora*o State

University7 .339! Do yo- nee* to *e0ne $ore ter%s or *oes t,ea-*ien$e

.

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

24/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

possess :no+le*&e of t,ose ter%sG Consi*er +,et,er it is

appropriate to +rite in

t,e 0rst or in t,ir* person Colora*o State University7 .339!

not,er $onsi*eration is t,e str-$t-re of t,e +ritin&! Per,aps t,ere

is an

expe$te* +ay of presentin& t,e $o%%-ni$ationG ny type of

*eviation fro% t,is

$o-l* loo: -nprofessional!

ritin& for *i5erent a-*ien$es $an e a learnin& experien$e! T,ere

are ti%es in

o-r lives7 espe$ially professionals7 +,ere +e are $alle* -pon to

+rite for an array

of a-*ien$es! Not only *o yo- nee* to +or: o-t t,e expe$te*

str-$t-re an*&-i*elines of t,e a$t-al +ritin& itself7 -t yo- also nee* to +or: o-t

+,o yo-r

tar&et a-*ien$e is! T,e ai% of +ritin& is to &et t,e %essa&e a$ross!

It is not to

i%press an* a%oo@le +it, i& +or*s! Bo- +ill a$,ieve +ritin&

s-$$ess if yo-

:eep t,is in %in*!

/!/ A ARIE#5 $% #E3#S ARE E3"L$RED AND E3"LAINED IN

#ER2S $% S$CIAL $R "ERS$NAL RELEANCE!

Texts play an i%portant role in ter%s of so$ial an* personal

relevan$e! Di5erent

people experien$e t,e sa%e %e*ia %essa&e *i5erently! -*ien$es

play a role in

.4

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

25/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

interpretin& %e*ia texts e$a-se ea$, a-*ien$e %e%er rin&s to

t,e %e*ia

text a -ni=-e set of life experien$es a&e7 &en*er7 e*-$ation7

$-lt-ral -prin&in&7

et$! +,i$,7 +,en applie* to t,e text>> or $o%ine* +it, t,e text>>

$reate -ni=-e

interpretations! orl* ar II veteran7 for exa%ple7 rin&s a

*i5erent set of

experien$es to a %ovie li:e Savin& Private Ryan t,an any ot,era-*ien$e

%e%er>>res-ltin& in a *i5erent rea$tion to t,e 0l% as +ell as7

per,aps7 &reater

insi&,t!

Even parents an* $,il*ren +at$,in& T< to&et,er *o not Msee t,e

sa%e pro&ra%!T,is $on$ept t-rns t,e tales on t,e i*ea of T< vie+ers as 8-st

passive M$o-$,

potatoes! e %ay not e $ons$io-s of it -t ea$, of -s7 even

to**lers7 are

$onstantly tryin& to M%a:e sense of +,at +e see7 ,ear or rea*! T,e

%ore

=-estions +e $an as: ao-t +,at +e are experien$in& aro-n* -s7t,e %ore alert

+e $an e ao-t a$$eptin& or re8e$tin& %essa&es! Resear$,

in*i$ates t,at7 over

ti%e7 $,il*ren of all a&es $an learn a&e>appropriate s:ills t,at &ive

t,e% a ne+ set

of &lasses +it, +,i$, t,ey $an Mrea* an* interpret t,eir %e*ia

$-lt-re!

.'

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

26/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

/!, RES"$NSES #$ "$IN#S $% IE7 IN #E3# ARE I2AGINA#IE

AND AN UNDERS#ANDING $% SUR%ACE $R E2?EDDED

2EANING IN #8E #E3# IS RE%LEC#ED IN "RESEN#A#I$NS $%

$7N IE7"$IN#S!

,ereas %any *is$-ss literary texts o8e$tively7 asol-tely an*

+it, respe$t to

,o+ t,e a-t,or *evelope* t,e i*eas on t,e pa&e7 rea*er response

$riti$is%

fo$-ses on t,e rea*er an* ,o+ s,e or ,e re$eives t,e literary text!

In a sense7

t,is %oves t,e text fro% existin& on its o+n on7 for exa%ple7 t,e

p,ysi$al

pa&es of a oo: an* instea* ass-%es t,at t,e text exists only

+,en it is rea*!

T,is t,eory %a:es literary texts %ore li:e perfor%an$e art +,ere

t,e rea*ers a$t

of rea*in& an* interpretin& t,e text is t,e perfor%an$e! Criti$al

t,eorists

$ontin-e to *evelop t,is approa$,7 $onsi*erin& t,e nat-re of t,e

rea*er an*

+,at ,e or s,e rin&s to t,e text7 alon& +it, t,e *i5erent HlensesH

t,ro-&, +,i$,

t,e text $an e vie+e*!

1! %oundationa& ?e&iefs

T,e a$t of *erivin& s-rfa$e or e%e**e* %eanin& in texts is li:e a

*ialo&-e

et+een yo- an* t,e text t,at ,as %eanin& only +,en t,e t+o of

yo- are 8oine*

.6

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

27/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

in $onversation! It re*e0nes t,e role of t,e text fro% an

in*epen*ent o8e$t into

so%et,in& t,at $an only exist +,en it is rea* an* intera$ts +it,

yo-r %in*! In t,is

+ay7 yo- are not a passive re$ipient of +,at t,e text says7 -t

rat,er yo- ta:e an

a$tive role! T,e text t,en serves as a $atalyst to sp-r %e%ories an*

t,o-&,ts

+it,in yo- t,e rea*er allo+in& yo- to lin: t,e text to personalexperien$es an* t,erey 0ll in t,e spa$es left y t,e text! T,is

allo+s t,eorists to

explain +,y people $an ,ave *i5erent responses to an*

interpretations of t,e

sa%e text!

T,is for% of $riti$is% even &oes so far as to exa%ine t,e role t,at

in*ivi*-al+or*s an* p,rases in t,e text play +,en intera$tin& +it, yo-! T,e

so-n*s an*

s,apes t,at +or*s %a:e or even ,o+ t,ey are prono-n$e* or

spo:en yo- $an

essentially alter t,e %eanin& of t,e text7 it is s-&&este*! So%e

rea*er response

$riti$s &o so far as to analyse a text p,rase y p,rase in or*er to*eter%ine ,o+

%-$, of t,e experien$e of rea*in& it is pre*eter%ine* an* t,en

analyse ,o+

ea$, rea*ers experien$e $,an&es t,at initial %eanin&!

/! Aroaces 7itin Reader Resonse Criticism

.A

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

28/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

Rea*er response $riti$is% starts +it, +,at for%alist literary

$riti$is% $alle* t,e

Ha5e$tive falla$yH t,at yo-r response is relevant to

-n*erstan*in& a text

an* -ses it as t,e fo$-s of approa$,in& a +or: of literat-re! T,ere

are *i5erent

approa$,es +it,in t,is s$,ool of $riti$al t,eory7 ,o+ever? so%e loo:

at t,e +or:

fro% t,e in*ivi*-al rea*ers point of vie+7 +,ile ot,ers fo$-s on ,o+&ro-ps or

$o%%-nities vie+ t,e text! For t,ese s$,ools of $riti$is%7 its +,at

t,e text *oes

to yo- t,e rea*er t,ats i%portant7 an* not ne$essarily t,e +or:

itself7 t,e

a-t,ors intent7 or t,e so$ial7 politi$al7 or $-lt-ral $ontext in +,i$, it

+as +ritten!

T,e lael Hrea*er>oriente* $riti$is%H ,as e$o%e pop-lar sin$e yo-r

experien$es an* expe$tations often $,an&e as ti%e passes! In

a**ition7 yo- %ay

approa$, t,e text +it, *i5erent points of vie+7 or lenses! T,at is7

yo- %ay

e ale to see t,e val-e in ,is or ,er o+n personal response +,ilealso analysin&

t,e text ase* on anot,er $riti$al approa$,!

,! Individua& Readers

.

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

29/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

Bo-r experien$e an* intera$tion +it, t,e text $reates t,e tr-e

%eanin&! T,is i*ea

Is :no+n as Transa$tional Rea*er Response Criti$is%! ,ile yo- are

&-i*e* y

t,e i*eas an* +or*s t,at t,e a-t,or lai* o-t7 it is -lti%ately yo-r

in*ivi*-al

r experien$e in rea*in& t,e +or: t,at a$t-ally &ives it %eanin&!

Sin$e ea$, personrin&s -ni=-e :no+le*&e an* eliefs to t,e rea*in& transa$tion7 t,e

text +ill

%ean *i5erent t,in&s to *i5erent people! It is t,at %eanin& yo-r

%eanin& t,at s,o-l* e assesse*7 as oppose* to solely loo:in& at

t,e a-t,ors

text in a va$--%!

Ot,er $riti$s fo$-s on ,o+ yo-r %in* relates to t,e text7 in +,at is

:no+n as

Psy$,olo&i$al Rea*er Response Criti$is%! Bo- are seen as a

psy$,olo&i$al s-8e$t

+,o $an e st-*ie* ase* on yo-r -n$ons$io-s *rives ro-&,t to

t,e s-rfa$e y

,is or ,er rea$tion to a text! Rea*in& t,e text $an e$o%e al%ost at,erape-ti$

experien$e for yo-7 as t,e $onne$tions t,at yo- %a:es reveal tr-t,s

ao-t yo-r

personality!

Psy$,olo&i$al Rea*er Response Criti$is% in %any +ays f-elle*

anot,er si%ilar

.9

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

30/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

t,eory S-8e$tive Rea*er Response Criti$is% +,i$, ta:es t,e

personal7

psy$,olo&i$al $o%ponent even f-rt,er! In t,is t,eory7 yo-r

interpretation of a

text is t,o-&,t to e *eeply in2-en$e* y personal an*

psy$,olo&i$al nee*s 0rst7

rat,er t,an ein& &-i*e* y t,e text! Ea$, rea*in& is t,o-&,t to

rin&

psy$,olo&i$al sy%pto%s to t,e s-rfa$e7 fro% +,i$, yo- $an yo-ro+n -n$ons$io-s %otives!

4! #e Uniform Reader

Ot,er s$,ools of rea*er response $riti$is% loo: not at yo- t,e

rea*er as an

in*ivi*-al7 -t as a t,eoreti$al rea*er! T,e Hi%plie* rea*er7H for

exa%ple7 an i*ea

intro*-$e* y olf&an& Iser7 is t,e rea*er +,o is re=-ire* for t,e

text t,e

rea*er +,o t,e a-t,or i%a&ines +,en +ritin&7 an* +,o ,e or s,e is+ritin& for!

Bo- are &-i*e* y t,e text7 +,i$, $ontains &aps %eant for yo- to

0ll7 explainin&

an* %a:in& $onne$tions +it,in t,e text! Bo- -lti%ately $reate

%eanin& ase*

not only on +,at is in t,e text7 -t +,at t,e text ,as provo:e*

insi*e yo-!

3

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

31/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

T,eorist Stanley Fis, intro*-$e* +,at ,e $alle* t,e Hinfor%e*

rea*er7H +,o

rin&s prior7 s,are* :no+le*&e to t,e experien$e of rea*in&!

+! Socia& Reader Resonse

So$ial Rea*er Response Criti$is% fo$-ses on Hinterpretive

$o%%-nitiesH

&ro-ps t,at ,ave s,are* eliefs an* val-es an* ,o+ t,ese &ro-ps-se

parti$-lar strate&ies t,at a5e$t ot, t,e text an* t,eir rea*in&

e,avio-rs! It is t,e

&ro-p t,at t,en *eter%ines +,at an a$$eptale interpretation of

t,e text is7 +it,

t,e %eanin& ein& +,atever t,e &ro-p says t,at it is! oo: $l-

or a &ro-p of$olle&e st-*ents for exa%ple7 ase* on t,eir o+n $-lt-ral an* &ro-p

eliefs7 +ill

&enerally a&ree on t,e -lti%ate %eanin& on a text!

s an extension of t,e so$ial t,eory7 t,ese li:e>%in*e* &ro-ps $an

also approa$,

an* vie+ t,e text fro% *i5erent lenses! If t,e &ro-p 0n*s $ertainele%ents to e

%ore si&ni0$ant t,an ot,ers7 it %i&,t exa%ine t,e text fro% t,is

parti$-lar

vie+point7 or lens! For exa%ple7 fe%inist literary $riti$s %ay 0n*

fo$-s on t,e

fe%ale ele%ents of a +ritin&7 +,ereas ne+ ,istori$ists %i&,t fo$-s

on t,e $-lt-rean* era in +,i$, t,e text is rea*!

1

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

32/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

6! Ar-uments A-ainst Reader Resonse Criticism

Genera&&(

It is often ar&-e* t,at rea*er response $riti$is% allo+s for any

interpretation of a

text to e $onsi*ere* vali*7 an* $an *eval-e t,e $ontent of t,e text

as a res-lt!

Ot,ers ar&-e t,at t,e text is ein& i&nore* $o%pletely or t,at it isi%possile to

properly interpret a text +it,o-t ta:in& into $onsi*eration t,e

$-lt-re or era in

+,i$, it is +ritten! In a**ition7 a lar&er $o%plaint is t,at t,ese

t,eories *o not

allo+ for t,e rea*erJs :no+le*&e an* experien$e to e expan*e* y

t,e text atall!

/!4 #8E 7A5 IN 78IC8 "E$"LE RES"$ND DI%%EREN#L5 #$

#E3#S IS E3"L$RED AND DISCUSSED!

,en respon*in& to a text e!&! novels7 plays7 poetry an* 0l% yo-

are ai%in& to

s,o+ t,at yo-#

$an analyse an* -n*erstan* t,e topi$?

$an ans+er t,e =-estion7 i!e! *is$-ss t,e topi$?

*o :no+ t,e plot an* $,ara$ters?

*o :no+ t,e t,e%es7 %essa&es7 iss-es +ell?

-n*erstan* t,e topi$ in relation to t,e text7 t,e $,ara$ters7

t,e%es?

.

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

33/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

$an *ra+ -pon appropriate evi*en$e fro% t,e text an* -se rief

=-otations +,i$, $an s-pport yo-r ar&-%ent!

In respon*in& to text people prove t,at t,ey are $apale of#

ritin& a s-staine* interpretation an ar&-%ent t,at *evelops?

Developin& a point of vie+ ,as so%et,in& to say ao-t t,e

text?

S-pportin& t,at vie+ t,ro-&, $lose text-al referen$es an*

analysis =-otes

an* exa%ples fro% t,e text are in$l-*e* to prove points yo-re

%a:in&!

Bo-r response s,o-l* s,o+ t,at yo- ,ave *evelope* a $lear -n*erstan*in&

of#

ta& +or*s t,at fra%e t,e topi$# Dis$-ss7 Do yo- a&reeG o+G ,yG

DoG DoesG

plannin& an* str-$t-rin& an essay?

,o+ to in$orporate =-otations into yo- essay? ,o+ to %o*ify

=-otations?

+ritin& stron& intro*-$tions t,at en&a&e +it, t,e topi$?

-sin& topi$ senten$es t,at relate to t,e topi$?

explainin& an* 8-stifyin& ea$, ar&-%ent?

-sin& spe$i0$ evi*en$e an* explainin& =-alifyin& t,e evi*en$e?

lin:in& evi*en$e to t,e topi$ an* to t,e next para&rap,?

rea$,in& stron& an* 0r% $on$l-sions?

*evelopin& vo$a-lary %etalan&-a&e +it, +,i$, to *is$-ss t,e text?

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

34/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

plannin& y $o%posin& at least 0ve %ain ar&-%ents relevant to t,e

topi$ t,at +ill serve as t,e topi$ senten$es for ea$, para&rap, of t,e

essay!

1! s a person tas:e* to +rite $o%%-ni$ative texts at yo-r +or:pla$e7

explain t,e i%portan$e of $onsi*erin& ,-%an experien$es an*

val-es in t,e texts yo- +rite!

.! Explain ,o+ +ritten texts $an o5en* $ertain in*ivi*-als if

%isinterprete* at +or:pla$es!

Assessment / Cec;oint Ans=er >e(

1

4

Assessment / Cec;oints

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

35/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

.

S"ECI%IC$U#C$2E

,, S"ECI%IC $U#C$2E' "R$DUCE $7N #E3#S IN

RES"$NSE #$ LI#ERAR5 #E3#S!

T,e p-rpose of t,is O-t$o%e is to enale yo- to pro*-$e o+n texts in

response to literary texts!

T,is Spe$i0$ O-t$o%e +ill enale yo- to ens-re#

1! Content is o-tline* an* relate* to t,e%e an* $,ara$ter

*evelop%ent!

'

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

36/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

.! &oo* &rasp of t,e si&ni0$ant i*eas of t,e texts is *e%onstrate*!

! Use of $ertain stylisti$ *evi$es is i*enti0e*7 an* t,e e5e$ts $reate*

are *es$rie*!

4! O+n -n*erstan*in& of $,ara$terisation is 8-sti0e*!

'! Sele$te* literary texts are -se* as a asis for +ritin&)si&nin& in

*i5erent for%ats an* re&isters!

,!1 C$N#EN# IS $U#LINED AND RELA#ED #$ #8E2E AND

C8ARAC#ER DEEL$"2EN#!

T,e%e refers to t,e $entral7 -n*erlyin& i*ea or insi&,t of a +or: of

literal texts a -niversal tr-t, or revelation ao-t t,e +orl*7 so$iety7

or ,-%an nat-re! On t,e ot,er ,an*7 $,ara$ter *evelop%ent relates

to t,e pro$ess y +,i$, a +riter %a:es a $,ara$ter see% real? also

refers to $,ara$ter &ro+t, an* $,an&e! C,ara$ter *evelop%ent is

t+o>fol*#

i! Dire$t Q a-t,or tells rea*er ao-t $,ara$ter!

ii!In*ire$t Q a-t,or s,o+s rea*er $,ara$terJs =-alities t,ro-&,

*ialo&-e7 a$tions 7 *es$ription in$l-*in& i%a&ery

,en yo- are pro*-$in& o+n texts in response to literary texts yo-

,ave to

6

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

37/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

ens-re t,e $ontent is relate* to t,e t,e%e of t,e text an* also ,o+

t,e *i5erent

$,ara$ters +ere *evelope* y t,e a-t,or! Content s,o-l* e relate*

to t,e

t,e%e an* $,ara$ter ot,er+ise t,e o-tline* $ontent +ill not &ive a

$orre$t vie+

of t,e text!

T,is $ontent o-tlinin& is also :no+n as literary $riti$is%! In t,is$ontext7

H$riti$is%H %eans a $lose rea*in& an* interpretation of a literary

text7 s-$, as a

poe%7 a s,ort story7 a play7 a novel7 or even a %ovie! T,e ele%ents

t,at %a:e -p

literary +or:s are $losely exa%ine* for t,eir %eanin& an*

si&ni0$an$e! So%e oft,ese ele%ents are t,e%e7 $,ara$ter7 an* plot! Re&ar*less of +,at

aspe$t yo-

$,oose to +rite ao-t7 yo-r essay +ill fo$-s on one $ontrollin& i*ea

t,at $an e

state* in one *ire$t senten$e! For exa%ple# Hlt,o-&, %ost $riti$s

re&ar*

S,a:espeares ntony an* Cleopatra as a &reat love tra&e*y7 it isa$t-ally a

%o$:ery of a tra&e*y7 for Cleopatra is in$apale of love7 an* ntony

is intereste*

only in sex!H

A

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

38/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

,!/ A G$$D GRAS" $% #8E SIGNI%ICAN# IDEAS $% #8E #E3#S IS

DE2$NS#RA#ED!

,en yo- ,ave analyse* texts it is i%portant to -n*erstan* an*

&rasp t,e

si&ni0$ant i*eas of t,e texts! oo* &rasp of si&ni0$ant i*eas is

*e%onstrate* y

i*entifyin& t,e follo+in

1! ,at :in* of person is t,e $,ara$ter ein& analyse*G T,is is

an inferen$e yo- %a:e ase* on t,e follo+in

.! ,at t,e person says +,at ,e or s,e says nee* not e ta:en

at fa$e val-e? t,e person %ay e ,ypo$riti$al7 or self>

*e$eive*7 or iase*

! ,at t,e person *oes!

4! ,at ot,ers in$l-*in& t,e narrator of t,e story say ao-t

t,e personG

'! ,at ot,ers *o t,eir a$tions %ay ,elp to in*i$ate +,at t,e

person $o-l* *o -t *oes not *o

6! ,at t,e person loo:s li:e > fa$e7 o*y7 $lot,es t,ese %ay

,elp to $onvey t,e personality7 or t,ey %ay in so%e %eas-re

,elp to *is&-ise it

A! Deter%ine t,e $,ara$ters appearan$e7 personality7 an*

et,i$al =-alities!

! Use *es$riptions of ot,er $,ara$ters sparin&ly

$o%parison)$ontrast to %a:e yo-r point ao-t t,e %ain

$,ara$ters! So%eti%es t,e environ%ent settin& even

f-n$tions as a $,ara$ter!

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

39/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

,!, USE $% CER#AIN S#5LIS#IC DEICES IS IDEN#I%IED@ AND #8E

E%%EC#S CREA#ED ARE DESCRI?ED!

In literat-re an* +ritin&7 a 0&-re of spee$, also $alle* stylisti$

*evi$e or r,etori$al *evi$e is t,e -se of any of a variety of

te$,ni=-es to &ive an a-xiliary %eanin&7 i*ea7 or feelin&!

So%eti%es a +or* *iver&es fro% its nor%al %eanin&7 or a p,rase

,as a spe$iali@e* %eanin& not ase* on t,e literal %eanin& of t,e

+or*s in it! Exa%ples are %etap,or7 si%ile7 or personi0$ation!

Stylisti$ *evi$es often provi*e e%p,asis7 fres,ness of expression7 or

$larity!

T,e follo+in& is a list of literary *evi$es t,at +riters -se to %a:e

t,eir +ritin&

%ore interestin& an* vivi*! I li:e to *ire$tly explain ea$, *evi$e to

st-*ents7 *ra+ attention to t,e *evi$e +,ile rea*in& in any rea*>

alo-* novel7 an* in$orporate -sin& t,ose *evi$es in +ritin&assi&n%ents! T,ese *evi$es $an e -se* no %atter +,i$, rea*in&

pro&ra% or literat-re>ase* rea*in& list yo- are -sin&

i! Si%ilesQCo%pares . t,in&s7 -ses li:e or as HT,e s-n +as li:e a

spotli&,t on t,e

+orl*!H

ii! "etap,orsQCo%pares . t,in&s as if t,ey are t,e sa%e ite% HT,e$lo-*s +ere

9

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

40/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

%ars,%allo+s!H

iii! I*io%sQP,rases t,at say one t,in& -t %ean anot,er MBo- ,it t,e

nail on t,e ,ea*!H

iv! lliterationQUsin& t,e sa%e e&innin& letter in a p,rase for

e%p,asis Me %a*e ,is spe$ial spi$y sala%i san*+i$,!H

v! Personi0$ationQritin& ao-t inani%ate o8e$ts as IF t,ey +ere a

PERSON! Stories +it, tal:in& ani%als or tal:in& trees7 s-$, as

fales or t,e i@ar* of O@ are t,e %ost $o%%on exa%ples!

vi! Fores,a*o+in&Qivin& a ,int t,at so%et,in& is $o%in& -p in t,estory! H(ittle *i* I :no+ I* e in for t,e a*vent-re of %y life!H

vii! Flas,a$:QTellin& a story of a previo-s experien$e insi*e a story in

present tense! HIll never for&et +,en I +as a $,il* an* I &ot %y

0rst *o&!H

viii! Sy%olis%QUsin& so%et,in& to represent an* &ive %eanin& or a

%essa&e ao-t so%et,in& else! H,at *oes t,e apple in t,e story

representGHix! IronyQSo%et,in& in a story ,appens in t,e opposite +ay t,an +as

expe$te*!

x! SatireQ"a:in& f-n of so%et,in& or %a:in& a state%ent ao-t

so%et,in& in anot,er &enre! -llivers Travels is a politi$al satire!

xi! Ono%atopoeiaQUsin& Hso-n*H +or*s! H;an&H HCr-n$,H

,!4 $7N UNDERS#ANDING $% C8ARAC#ERISA#I$N IS US#I%IED!

C,ara$terisation is si%ply t,e +ay t,e a-t,or paints a pi$t-re of

+,at a $ertain

$,ara$ter is li:e! Details of $,ara$terisation %i&,t in$l-*e

*es$riptions of +,at a

$ertain $,ara$ter +ears7 loo:s li:e7 *oes7 spea:s li:e7 s%ells li:e7

+al:s li:e7 eats7+,ere ,e)s,e lives!!! an* so on!

43

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

41/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

s an exa%ple7 let %e refer yo- to Di$:ens a %aster of vivi*

$,ara$terisation

an* HOliver T+istH > t,is is t,e 0rst ti%e Fa&in appears in t,e novel!

Rea* t,e

extra$t an* $onsi*er ,o+ ea$, $aref-lly>$,osen little *etail

s-&&ests so%et,in&

ao-t Fa&in ,i%self!

T,ere are t+o types of $,ara$teri@ation# *ire$t an* in*ire$t! Dire$t

$,ara$teri@ation expli$itly tells t,e rea*er +,at a $,ara$ters

=-alities are!

In*ire$t $,ara$teri@ation -ses 0ve *i5erent %et,o*s t,at $o%ine

*i5erent

ele%ents to reveal a $,ara$ters personality! To re%e%er t,ese

0ve ele%ents7si%ply re%e%er t,e a$rony% STE(7 +,i$, stan*s for spee$,7

t,o-&,ts7 e5e$t

on ot,ers7 a$tions an* loo:s!

1! Seec

C,ara$ters personalities $an e &reatly *e0ne* y t,e +or*s t,ey

say an* ,o+t,ey say t,e%! T,e +or*s t,ey -se $an point to intelli&en$e or a

la$: t,ereof7

+,i$, also reveals t,eir e*-$ational a$:&ro-n*! T,e spee* in

+,i$, $,ara$ters

spea: $an *es$rie if t,ey are &enerally nervo-s or lai* a$:!

Spe$i0$ a$$ents $an

set -p +,ere a $,ara$ter &re+ -p! If t,e spee$, is overly ,esitant7t,e $,ara$ter

41

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

42/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

%ay e s,y or -ns-re ao-t so%et,in&! T,in: ao-t t,e people yo-

:no+ in real

life7 an* ,o+ t,e +ay t,ey $o%%-ni$ate +it, yo- sets -p t,eir

personalities! Its

t,e sa%e for 0$tional $,ara$ters!

/! #ou-ts

(oo:in& into t,e %in*s of $,ara$ters in +ritten stories is a privile&e

often &iven torea*ers! ,en +e :no+ t,e inner t,o-&,ts an* feelin&s of a

$,ara$ter7 +e are

seein& a &li%pse of t,eir tr-e personality an* ,o+ t,ey really vie+

t,e +orl*!

Seein& t,ese t,o-&,ts s,o+s -s if t,e $,ara$ters are rational or

irrational7

$on0*ent or inse$-re7 ,appy or sa* an* %any ot,er i%portantpersonal

$,ara$teristi$s! T,e e%otions t,e $,ara$ter feels points to t,e +ay

t,e $,ara$ters

let people an* events a5e$t t,e%7 +,i$, *isplays t,e asi$ inner

str-$t-re of

,o+ t,e $,ara$ter t,in:s!

,! E

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

43/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

*es$ries ,o+ t,e $,ara$ters ,an*le t,e%selves so$ially7 an* t,e

relations,ips

t,ey are ale>>or -nale>>to for% +it, fello+ $,ara$ters! Does t,e

$,ara$ter

%a:e ot,er $,ara$ters feel ,appy7 -neasy7 rep-lse*7 ex$ite*7

anxio-s7 an&ry or

s$are*G T,is +ill tell a rea*er +,at expli$it aspe$ts of t,e

$,ara$ters

personalities are p-t fort, to all t,e ot,er $,ara$ters in a story7 an*,elps -s to

etter -n*erstan* ,o+ to vie+ t,e $,ara$ter!

4! Actions

T,e a$tions an* e,avio-rs of t,e $,ara$ters s,o+ +,at tr-ly *rives

an*

%otivates t,e $,ara$ters! o+ t,ey p,ysi$ally or verally intera$t+it, ot,er

$,ara$ters in t,e story s,o+s t,eir overall position as &oo*>nat-re*

or %ean>

spirite*7 sy%pat,eti$ or sel0s,! T,e e,avio-r t,at t,e $,ara$ters

s,o+ is 8-st a

pro*-$t of ,o+ t,ey feel insi*e7 +,i$, is +,y ,o+ t,e $,ara$ter a$ts

is s-$, a&reat in*i$ator of personality!

+! Loo;s

T,e loo: an* appearan$e of $,ara$ters $an tell a lot ao-t t,e%!

T,e *ress of

$,ara$ters also provi*e a loo: into t,eir personalities! For exa%ple7

if t,e

4

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

44/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

$,ara$ters are $onstantly *resse* -p in expensive $lot,in&7 t,is

$o-l* point to

&reat e*-$ation an* %oney7 +,ile t,e $,ara$ters *resse* in $lot,es

+it, ,oles in

t,e% $o-l* appear less +ell>o5! o+ever7 sin$e o-t+ar*

appearan$es $an e

*e$eivin&7 its also i%portant to ta:e expression an* o*y lan&-a&e

into

$onsi*eration!

,!+ SELEC#ED LI#ERAR5 #E3#S ARE USED AS A ?ASIS %$R

7RI#INGSIGNING IN DI%%EREN# %$R2A#S AND REGIS#ERS!

(iterat-re is a roa* ter% t,at refers to al%ost any +i*ely availale

+ritten +or:

t,at $entres on a $o%%on t,e%e! ll literary texts $an e sorte*

into one of t+o $ate&ories# non0$tion7 +,i$, *es$ries +ritin& ase*on fa$ts7 an* 0$tion7 +,i$, is fari$ate* to so%e *e&ree! (iterary

texts are ro:en *o+n f-rt,er into several ot,er types of literat-re

*epen*in& on t,e *e&ree to +,i$, t,ey %i%i$ reality7 as +ell as

t,eir str-$t-ral an* t,e%ati$ $,ara$teristi$s!

1! NonBction

Non0$tion literat-re refers to a variety of texts t,at strive to *epi$tinfor%ation t,at is 133 per$ent fa$t-ally a$$-rate! (i:e 0$titio-s

44

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

45/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

+or:s7 a +or: of non0$tion %ay tell a story? ,o+ever7 t,e fa$ts are

of -t%ost i%portan$e7 an* %ay e presente* -sin& storytellin&

ele%ents! oo* non0$tion literat-re is voi* of stereotypes or iases7

an* or&ani@e* in a %anner t,at is easy to follo+ an* -n*erstan*!

So%e exa%ples of non0$tion literat-re in$l-*e io&rap,ies an*

a-toio&rap,ies7 s$ienti0$ 8o-rnals an* %ost textoo:s!

/! Rea&istic %iction

Realisti$ 0$tion *epi$ts stories t,at never o$$-rre* in real life7 -tnonet,eless7 $o-l* exist +it,in t,e o-n*s of t,e +orl* in +,i$, +e

live! T,e %a*e>-p $,ara$ters in realisti$ 0$tion $onfront osta$les7

en&a&e in pleas-res7 ,ave interests an* parta:e in relations,ips

si%ilar to t,ose t,at +e >> or people +e :no+ >> experien$e in o-r

lifeti%es! T,ese $,ara$ters exist in a settin& t,at rea*ers $an

realisti$ally envision in t,e +orl* as t,ey :no+ it! oo* realisti$

0$tion feat-res a $on2i$t t,at $o-l* exist in t,e real +orl*7 a t,e%et,at rea*ers $an relate to t,eir o+n lives7 settin&s t,at $o-l* e

fo-n* in t,e real +orl*7 elievale *ialo&-e an* $onvin$in&

$,ara$ters! T,e Ni$,olas Spar:s novel7 HT,e Noteoo:7H is an

exa%ple of realisti$ 0$tion e$a-se t,e story is %a*e -p7 yet still

*eals +it, elievale $,ara$ters an* osta$les s-$, as l@,ei%ers

*isease7 +,i$, o$$-r in t,e real +orl*!

,! %antas(

(iterary fantasy7 -nli:e realisti$ 0$tion7 is a type of 0$tion $ontainin&

ele%ents t,at $annot possily exist in t,e real +orl*! or:s of fantasy

*o not ai*e y t,e s$ienti0$ an* nat-ral la+s of Eart,! T,ey %ay

possess $,ara$ters +it, s-pernat-ral ailities an*)or settin&s t,at

rea*ers $annot relate to e$a-se t,e environ%ents $an never exist in

t,e real +orl*! T,-s7 rea*ers %-st e ale to s-spen* t,eir *iselief inor*er to en8oy a +or: of literary fantasy! oo* fantasy stories are ale

4'

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

46/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

to $aptivate rea*ers interest7 ,ave a +ell>*evelope* plot an*

$,ara$ters an* possess so%e sort of i*enti0ale t,e%e! !/! Ro+lin&s

Harry PotterH series is a +ell>:no+n exa%ple of literary fantasy! Its

$,ara$ters possess s-pernat-ral ailities an* in,ait %a&i$al settin&s

t,at $o-l* never exist in t,e +orl* as +e :no+ it!

4! "oetr(

Poetry is -s-ally a 0$titio-s >> t,o-&, so%eti%es no 0$titio-s >> type of

literat-re t,at see:s to -se t,e +ritten +or* in a %ore $on*ense* an*artisti$ %anner t,an every*ay prose! It is :no+n for its often

%etap,ori$ an* 0&-rative -se of lan&-a&e to appeal to t,e senses7

oftenti%es +,ile e%ployin& r,yt,%i$ patterns an* r,y%e* +or*s! No

sin&le7 $o%pre,ensive *e0nition of poetry is possile e$a-se t,ere

are so %any types7 ea$, +it, t,eir o+n set of str-$t-ral r-les!

(i%eri$:s7 for exa%ple7 are ,-%oro-s7 nonsensi$al poe%s $o%prise*

of 0ve lines in +,i$, t,e 0rst7 se$on* an* 0ft, lines r,y%e +it, oneanot,er an* ,ave t,ree eats ea$,7 +,ile t,e t,ir* an* fo-rt, lines

r,y%e separately an* ,ave t+o eats ea$,! Conversely7 free verse

poetry is voi* of intentional r,y%in& an* si%ilar to every*ay spee$, in

r,yt,%! Ot,er $o%%on types of poe%s in$l-*e alla*s7 apanese

,ai:-s an* sonnets!

46

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

47/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

T,e tale elo+ s,o+s ,o+ *i5erent literary texts are -se* as a asis for +ritin& in *i5erent for%ats an*

re&isters!

#e)t t(e "urose Genera& structure Genera& &an-ua-e featuresReport To $lassify

an*)or

*es$rie

eneral state%ent or

$lassi0$ation!

Des$ription

te$,ni$al lan&-a&e

si%ple present tense

&eneralise* ter%s

Re$o-ntfa$t-al orliterary

To retell aseries ofevents

Orientation

Series of events

se=-en$e* in ti%e

*es$riptive lan&-a&e

past tense

ti%e +or*s to $onne$t events

+or*s +,i$, tell -s +,ere7 +,en7 +it, +,o%7 ,o+

Narrative To entertain7a%-se orinstr-$t

Orientation

Co%pli$ation

Eval-ation

Resol-tion

Co*a optional

-s-ally spe$i0$ parti$ipants

ti%e +or*s -se* to $onne$t events

a$tion +or*s pre*o%inate in $o%pli$ation an*resol-tion

no-n &ro-ps i%portant in *es$riin& $,ara$ters

an* settin&sPro$e*-re To instr-$t

so%eone on

,o+to *oso%et,in&

oal Steps

vers -s-ally at t,e e&innin& of ea$, instr-$tion

+or*s or &ro-ps of +or*s

+,i$, tell -s ,o+7 +,en7 +,ere7 +it, +,o%

Explanationfa$t-al orliterary

To explain ,o+or+,y so%et,in&o$$-rs

P,eno%enoni*enti0$ation

Explanationse=-en$e

te$,ni$al lan&-a&e

-se of +or*s s-$, as e$a-se7 as a res-lt7 toestalis, $a-se)e5e$t se=-en$es

Exposition To pers-a*e y T,esis +or*s t,at =-alify7 e!&! -s-ally7 proaly

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

48/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

ar&-in& onesi*eof an iss-e

r&-%ents Reinfor$e%ent of

T,esis

+or*s t,at lin: ar&-%ents7e!&! 0rstly7 on t,e ot,er,an*

Responsefa$t-al or

literary

To respon* to avis-al7 +ritten

orperfor%e*+or:

Context of artisti$+or:

Des$ription of artisti$+or:

-*&e%ent

+or*s +,i$, express 8-*&e%ents

*es$riptive lan&-a&e

Des$riptionfa$t-al orliteraryT,is texttype isoftene%e**e*+it,inot,er texts

To *es$rie t,e$,ara$teristi$sorfeat-res of at,in&or ap,eno%enon

Intro*-$tion to t,es-8e$t of t,e*es$ription

C,ara$teristi$feat-res of t,es-8e$t7 e!&! p,ysi$alappearan$e7=-alities7 e,avio-r7si&ni0$ant attri-tes

parti$-lar no-ns variety of a*8e$tives a$tion vers si%iles7 %etap,ors 0&-rative lan&-a&e

Dis$-ssion To exa%ineiss-esfro% %ore t,anoneperspe$tive

State%ent o-tlinin&t,e iss-e

r&-%ents for an*a&ainst

$on$l-sion

-se of t,in:in& vers7 e!&! feel7 elieve7 ,ope -se of $onne$tives7 e!&! on t,e ot,er ,an*7

,o+ever

4

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

49/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

49

7/25/2019 119466 - Learner Guide

50/50


REV 01

DATE 04/01/2013

1! Draft a s,ort *epart%ental +ee:ly report on yo-r +or:pla$e iss-es

for s-%ission to %ana&e%ent! Use t,e spe$i0$ations as s,o+n on

t,e tale on Pa&e 9!

Assessment , Cec;oint Ans=er >e(

1

Assessment , Cec;oints

119466 - learner guide

Documents