11 extraccion mina 2

7/26/2019 11 Extraccion Mina 2

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EXTRACCION MINA

2


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UNIDADES DE APRENDIZAJE

1. ELEMENTOS DE TRONADURA, CONTROL DE CALIDAD DEPOZOS Y MEDICIONES DE VIBRACIN (30 hrs)

2. EUIPOS DE CAR!U"O Y TRANSPORTE EN MINER"A A

CIELO ABIERTO (32 hrs)

3. EUIPOS DE CAR!U"O Y TRANSPORTE EN MINER"ASUBTERR#NEA (20 hrs)


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SISTEMA DE EVALUACIN

1. 20$ PRUEBA TRONADURA

2. 1%$ TRABA&O !RUPAL

3. 2%$ PRUEBA RA&O

'. 20$ PRUEBA SUBTERRANEA

%. 20$ CONTROLES, ASISTENCIA, PARTICIPACIN ENCLASES


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APRENDIZAJE ESPERADO Y SUSCRITERIOS DE EVALUACION

1.1. E*+- +/s *r/-4/s /*r45/s *r srr/++r + 4r/6r -6r/ + *r/7-4/ r/4+8r9-/, *r/6-/ :/r s-r4,/r+ 7 -/r*/r+, s;s -/*+;, -/rs s46-/s 4r+/-64/rs + .

1.1.1. D: +/s *r/-4/s -sr/s *r r+?r + 4r/6r.

1.1.2. E*+- +/s s*-4/s s96r -sr/s *r r+?r +4r/6r.

1.1.3. E*+- +/s -r4r/s s@/ 4r/6r r r;/

=r4/ 7 s6=4rr


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1.- ELEMENTOS DE TRONADURA,CONTROL DE CALIDAD DEPOZOS Y MEDICIONES DE

VIBRACIONES.


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CONTENIDOS

1.1.1. MECANISMOS DE RA!MENTACIN DE ROCAS

1.1.2. TRONADURA A CIELO ABIERTO

1.1.3. INICIACIN

1.1.'. SECUENCIA DE INICIACIN

1.1.%. TRONADURA CONTROLADA

1.1.. TIROS UEDADOS EN MINER"A A CIELO ABIERTO

1.1.. TRONADURA EN MINER"A SUBTERRANEA

1.1.F. ASPECTOS DE SE!URIDAD EN MINER"A A CIELO ABIERTO

1.1.G. ASPECTOS DE SE!URIDAD EN MINER"A SUBTERR#NEA


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CONTENIDOS

1.2.1. EHPLOSIVOS Y ACCESORIOS EN TRONADURA A RA&O ABIERTO

1.2.2. EHPLOSIVOS Y ACCESORIOS EN TRONADURA SUBTERR#NEA

1.2.3. OPERACIN DE CAR!U"O DE EHPLOSIVOS EN MINER"A A RA&O ABIERTO

1.2.'. OPERACIN DE CAR!U"O DE EHPLOSIVOS EN MINER"A SUBTERR#NEA

1.3.1. VIBRACIONES PRODUCTO DE LA TRONADURA

1.3.2. INSTRUMENTOS DE MONITOREO DE VIBRACIONES

1.'.1. CONTROL Y MUESTREO DE POZOS DE TRONADURA


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MECANISMOS DE FRAGMENTACION DE ROCAPOR EXPLOSIVOS

1. U *rr :s, r*rs4 */r + *rs- 6 / 4/-> 7/r / /r 5+/-, -r-4rs4- r*rs445 9r + */r r/*/r + *+/s5/, 7

2. U s96 :s, r*rs4 */r + :/r-> 6 9r 5/+6 9ss +5 4*r46r.

EN LA DETONACIN DE UN EHPLOSIVO PODR"AN DIERENCIARSEDOS ASES

J C6/ + *+/s5/ s -64r -/:/ 4r/ 6 =rr/ 7 s4/, s 9r 6 / 4/-> 6 s *r/*9 4r5Ks +

r/- -r-64. E 6 *64/ *r>/ + =rr/ s / 4/->*r/6- 6 :-4/ -/*rs> + ++9r + s/, *r/ + s/=r*sr+/,s s:6r?/ s -/5r4 6 s:6r?/ 4r-->. Es4 *rr / -h/6 r-/rr + r/- -r-64 5+/-s 4r 3.000 7 %.000 s.


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Es4 1r s s = 76 / +-? 5+/rs s6*r/rs + 10$ + r9 4/4+ + *+/s5/, 8 + -s/ *+/s5/s +5/ */r r/*/r.

A s4 *rr :s :/r-> 9r4s 7 s-/-h4/ + s966 2 s, 7 4*r46r *4r */r s4s :s6rs /r9+4 -rs */r+ / 4/->, =rK/+s 4/4+4 7 +?/ + r/- h-+4 s6 :r4 +=r.


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E+ *+/ Ch*&/6964, s 6 *+/ 4rs5rs+ 6 +4 + ?/+ *+/s5/ 4//, + / 4//. Es 84+ 6-h/s -s/s -//-r +s4- s + *r4 s6*r/r + *+/s5/ 7 s4 *+/, *6s4/ 6s=/ + 4*/ 6 /r/ 4/r s4 s-->, *//s*r/r + VOD (V+/- 4/->) + *+/s5/.

R-/rr 6


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1. R:+> +s /s -/*rs>

C6/ 6 / -/*rs> ++9 s 6 / 7/r*- -r-4rs4- /4r/ /r *-, *r4 ++ s4rs4 Ks4 -// / -/*rs>, *r/ /4r *r4 s r:+; h-4r.

2. E*s> +/s 9ss

L :r94-> + r/- s = s4/s /s :>/s 6 *r/5 - 6 +s :ss


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ETAPAS EN LA DETONACION DE 2 POZOS


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1. Tr46r-> r/- (/ -/*rs>)

2. A9r44/ r+ (/s -/*rs5s 7 4s/+s)

3. R:+> / -h/6 (4r--> 7 -?++)

'. E4s> 7 *r46r 9r4s r+s (!ss)

%. r94-> */r +=r-> -r9

. r94-> */r -?++

. R/46r */r :+>

F. R/46r */r -/+s>

LA RA!MENTACIN SE PRODUCE A TRAVS DE LOS SI!UIENTES

MECANISMOS


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IMPEDANCIA (Z)

L *- s : -// + *r/6-4/ + 5+/- 7 + s.Pr + *+/s5/, + *- s r:r + *r/6-4/ + s +4+r/ 7 + 5+/- 4/->, 4rs 6 + r/- +*- s : -// + *r/6-4/ + 5+/- +s /s P 7 +s.

T>r-4 + :r94-> /*4 5 */r

L69/, *r 6 Bs/ + s/ +

96+4/ +s *-s, r/-s s5s 7 +4 rss4- (-/5+/-s P + r9/ ',%00 ,000 s) s :r94 ;/r -/6 *+/s5/ -/ +4 s 7 +4 5+/- 4/->. L*- +/s *+/s5/s 6- +-? + *-


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Tipo de

Roc

De!"idd p#o$edio

%o!&$'

Vp

()$&"*

I$ped!ci Z (+&

($2"**Arenis! "#$ 2#% $&Ari''i! 2 2 &C!'i! 2 & *

Es+,is- 2#% .#% $#.%Gneis 2#/ ""#.&

Gr!ni- 2#%0 0 ".#20

M!r1! 2#%0 2#0 %#%20

Ep/o"i0oDe!"idd p#o$edio

%o!&$'VOD

()$&"*I$ped!ci Z (+&

($2"**ANFO

(-,n) 3#* .#0 2#*P-4ers5'i "#"0 & %F-r!n .3 "#" 0#" 0#%"F-r!n 03 "#. 0#0 /#"0

F'e6i1e' $3 3#$ .#/ .#..F'e6i1e'

""3 "#" . /.


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M6-hs r/-s, s =r9/, r6rs*+?4/ 7 *r s4 4*/ r/-s + 64+?-> + r9 -h/6 s */r4- s-6r -/*r -/ + 9r-> 764+?-> + r9 +544/ (h57). Es4s r/-s s=:- + 6s/ *+/s5/ =; 5+/- 4/-> 7 s

s4 *+--> 6 + 6s/ *+/s5/s +6?/s s -6 ;/r.


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FACTORES 7UE INFLUYEN EN ELMECANISMO DE ROTURA DE LA ROCA

-4/rs 4rs-/s + -?/ r/-/s/ !/- 4/-> I*- (s, 5+/-)

V/+6 9ss E4-.

E+ K4/ +/s rs6+4/s 6 5/+6r *sr< s*r */r s-/9r + ;/r*+/s5/ *r - 4*/ r/- (*-).


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TRONADURA MINERIA ACIELO ABIERTO

V/+6rs R;/s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NfWUaq0keTAhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NfWUaq0keTA


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TRONADURA

E+ *r/-s/ Tr/6r -/ss4 -r9r -/ *+/s5/s +/s */?/s9r/s + *r:/r->, -/ + /=;45/ :r94r + r/- 4@/s;=+s */r +/s 6*/s r/s, *+s 7 -/s *r-*+4.

L :r94-> r/-s r6r *+--> r9, + -6+ s/=4, *r4r 6 r--> 6- rs6+44 h-r 4/r -r9s

*+/s5s sr4s + -?/ r/-/s/.

A*+--> + Er9


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C/4r/+r :/r :-4 + r9 + *+/s5/ *r /=4r 6 >*4:r94->, -6 :/r + *+ 7 s*/;4/ *r ?r +/sr4/s + 4 -r96/, ?r + +6-> + 7 s6r +@/ *r/6-/ + 4/r/ + s*r/

O=;45/s + 9/-/ J Pr/6-->J C+J C/s4/J s96r

O8JETIVOS DE LA TRONADURA


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C+s:--> P/+5/r?/s1 R*2,3,' Pr/6-->%, E4r/s,F C/4r/+ Pr

TRONADURA9 P-':-r!-s


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D + R/-J !/-


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!/K4r-sJ Dimetro e inclinacin del pozo

J Largo (Altura de banco + Pasadura)

J Burden y espaciamiento

J Taco (confinamiento)

J I:+6- Cr +=rJ !r4s + r/- 7 r-->

VARIA8LES 7UE AFECTAN LA TRONADURA YDE DISE;O


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J DL s+--> + , -r9 7-rr/, 4=K + =6r, s*-4/ s4r=6-> + -r9*+/s5, 9r6+/4r + :r94->, 4*/ *+r +*r:/r-> 7 9r+ + :-- 7 -// 4/ +/*r->.

< E6*/ *r:/r-> ( L4. *r/==+ 4r/s 6/s

P6@/ D 7 4r/6r. R4/ + *r:/r-> Q34r//. *r:. Cr96/ -?/.


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Pr:/r/r S5 D%S, G P6+9s

(Prs4r**9 Csr/s)


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specificaciones t!cnicas "and#ic$ D%&$sD G 11 P6+9s

Pr/:6 *r:/r-> s/=r %3 M

P6++/ 33' N

V+/- 9r/ '0G N

Ps/ 1GG00 9

M/4/r 31 N

'31 *C/*rs/r 33 Ps

'0% +s


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Pr:/r/r A4+s C/*-/ LF, P6+9s,

Prs4r**9 Csr/s


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specificaciones t!cnicas Atlas 'opco L

D

COP '' ' %1 % 1F P6+9.

COP %' % 1' P6+9.

COP ' 1F W P6+9.

Lr9/ %' M

P6++/ 33' N

A+4/ 6*/ ( 4rs*/r4) 3GG% M

A-h/ 6*/ 2'G0 M

Lr9/ 6*/ 112%0 M

Ps/ 3%03 9

M/4/r % 0F N 0 G%0 *

C/*rs/r 3F %, 3

G0 2'1' *


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Tamroc$ Pantera &** "and#i$


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J A+46r B-/

L +46r =-/ s 6 5r=+ 6 6 : -/s +*r/7-4/, 7 6 s r+-/ + M/+/ B+/6s, + s+--> 4//s +/s 6*/s 7 /=54 + 4@/ + .

L +46r =-/ 7 + s4r-4.


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S + r+-> R9? B s 9r, + s*+?4/ 7:/r-> + r/- s : 9r6s -/ *r/=+s s/=r-5-> 7 -++/s.

B


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Si &B 2, "e $i!o#! e"%o" e3ec%o",e/i$i!4!do"ee! "5 %o%/idd co! &B 6'.

B

B


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Es + s4- s + ; 6 4r/ + -r+=r

CARA LIBRE

E B

Vi"% de P/!%

B


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,mportancia Burden -ptimo

J S s -s5/, +/s 9ss + 4/-> -64r 6-hrss4- *r 9r4r 7 s*+?r + r/- 7 *r4 + r9s 4rs:/r 5=r-> 6 @ + r/- s4+-/s-r4-s.

J S s r6-/, +/s 9ss + 4/-> s-* 7 * 6 5+/- 67 +4 h- + :r4 +=r, *6+s/ +/s:r94/s r/- :/r -/4r/+, 7 *r/5/-/,64/ + s/=r*r:/r->, r=+s4 7 +4/s 5+s r6/.


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"obretama.o producto de un mal dise.o Burden

/cesi#o


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/r6+s *r -+-6+/ B6r

R6s4.

Bopt=18.1 d^0,689

D/,

B/*4.s + B6r /*4/ () 7

+


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L -6-> 6 64+? r9 r+45 s

D/B B6r ()

D D


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S98 L9:/r4 (1G3),

B 6 ((Dp21&7899) 2 (7e/p2 Pppr)8('2:28B))81

D/,D* D ()

=* Ds + *+/s5/ (9r--)

P**r P/4- *s/ + *+/s5/ (ANO 100$)

C C/s44 + r/- 6 s4 -s/ s 64+?/ 1,1%

C/s44 s98 -+-> 4r/s (4r/s 5r4-+s X 1)

EB R+-> s*-4/=6r


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+7r/- / R/- V6+/, *r/6-4/ 6 + Ds@/(B6r s/ P6@/)


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Es */r44 6 + =6r 49 s6 s> -6.V+/rs 7/rs / /rs *6 rs +s s964ss46-/sJ Err/r */s-/4/ + 6*/ *r:/r->

B'8 E'

B18 E1

B28 E2


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M67 r6-/s *r/6- 4r +s -r9s -s5/ 4r46r4/ 7:r-46rs s6*r:-+s.

S s 67 *+/, s *r/6- :r-46r4/ -6/ 4r +s-r9s, -/*@/ */r *r/=+s PATAS 7 6 :r4 67

rr96+r, -/ s/=rs+4s r/- + -r + =-/.

E+ s*-4/ 5 / */r + B6r, S s*-6+ 6 +//*4/ s4 6 r?> BE 1,1 1,'

J Es*-4/


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S -/sr *s6r + *r/:6 + -6+ s *r:/rr + 5+ *s/. E +7/r +/s -s/s s 64+? *s6r /s 6 s4

*/r -/-- 6 s4r4/ s65 5+ *s/.

V+/rs -/6s 5 4r 0,2 0,3 B

J Ps6r


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E+ 4-/ s + 4r+ r4 @/ + - + */?/ 4r/6r 6 4 -// : :-46r + -/:4/ +/s9ss + *+/s> 7 *r5r 6 *r/7--> 7 s/=r*rs> r -s5. E + 7/r +/s -s/s, 6 s4- 4-/ 0, 5-s + =6r s -6 *r 54r 6 s+9 +

4r+ *r46r4 + =rr

J T0 *%2B

D/

T T-/B B6r

J T-/


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U =6 -/4r/+ + 7--> 4-/ s /=49r+4 6s/ + s964 -6->.

Ls4X s4DD/

Ls4 Lr9/ + 4-/ ()s4 C/s44 6 5r 4r 2% 30

D D


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T-/s Lr9/s R6--> + -4 *r/7-->. S/=r4@/ r/-s */s44r/6r R6--> + -4 *+/s5/ +/s */?/s R6--> + r9 4/4+ s*/=+

Crs4s */-/ +*s

T-/s C/r4/s E-s/ Cr9 E*+/s5 M7/r ss-

M;/r 9r6+/4r M7/r :+7r/-, 7 7--/s 4-/s Crs4s +*s


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M4r+ + 4-/

E+ 4r+ + 4-/ s -r4-/ -6+6r s@/, 7 6 6-hs/*r-/s rs s 64+? + s/ 4r46s /=4/ +s*r:/r-/s *6s4/ 6 s 6=- + s =/- + */?/, *r/ +/s 6 + 4r46s /=4/ s 9r6s/ (12 1) , + 4r+ s-/sr :-4 7 r6r 6 -/+6 s9:-454 s 9r + 6 s /=4 -/ 6 4r+ 7 :r94-> + r/-.

E+ 4@/ >*4/ + 4r+ s *6 4rr + s964 r

"z6 D;8 (1* o 1&)

O4r/ 4 */r44 s + 96+/s s4 4r+, / 6 +s*r4-6+s = r/s, 4+s -// + 9r5 +65+, s/ 6-h/ /s:-45s 6 +


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Pr */?/s *r/6--> SD 5r 4r 0.G2 1.'0 (1.1) 7 + -s/ +s =6::r 5r 4r 1.'' 1.F0 ( r/- 6r =+)

Pr/:6 4rr/ s-+ SD


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Lsd6 * 2 De/p1Tcrit 6 "D289 ? @ Lsd

D/,

Ls1 E65+4 + +/946 -r9 10 5-s +


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E+ 9r s*r/ 5 / */r + 6=--> +/s 4r/s s-+ (A / / 64/-) 7 s6 s-6- s+, + ++ *r:/rr 5 */r +s s/s B E (E;*+/ 6++ F, s/ 4r/s B6r 7 F 4r/s s*-4/).

'uadrada0 6 B ectangular0 6 (1 / B) Triangular0 6 (B81)

J DIA!RAMA DE DISPARO


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J D:r4s S+s + s*r/ *r 96+ s4r=6-> */?/s


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Largo Total PerforadoL* X = [ & X = [ 0,3B ()

E -s/ 4r/s -+/s

L* X =S()

Largo total 'olumna de 'arga

L-X = [ & T ()g e/plosi#o por Pozo

L,0.+X 0,%0 =0)*(D())\2 L- ()

g /plosi#o por tronadura

L,0.+X 0,%0 =0)*(D())\2 L- ()N] */?/s

Total metros perforados

M*X (=[&) () N] */?/s

TonelaCe a Tronar

T/X B()E()=() rN] */?/s=

O4rs /r6+s


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M4 s4 4Kr/ s s-r= + -4 *+/s5/ 6s/ *r

r/*r 5/+6 / *s/ 64r/ r/-. E+ :-4/r -r9 s -4 6s 9r3/ 9r4/.

E Mr R;/ =r4/ 5r 4r 200 300 9r4/, s s/=r*s +s 300*6 9rr -s5 s/=r*rs> r, r/- 56+/ 7 5=r-/s.

ACTOR DE CAR!A


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INICIACION

L --> - */?/ s r+? 9r+ -/J APD -+r-/J E6+s> -r46-h ss=+?

Es4s s/ -=s -/ +/s 4//rs-/rrs*/4s + ss4 64+?/.


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SISTEMA DE INICIACION

L *r-s> + s-6- --> s 5 :-4*/r + ss4 -->J C/r> 7 -hJ P/r 46=/ -h/6J

E+K-4r-/J E+-4r>-/

E+ ss4 +-4r>-/ s + 7/r *r-s>, 6


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SECUENCIA DE INICIACION

L s+--> + s-6- --> s 6 +s 4rs s*/r44s 7 :-+s + s@/ 4r/6r. N/r+4 *r 4rr+/s tiempos de la secuencia, s r+? */r + *r- + -r9/ 4r/6r, / 64+?/ +/s =6/s rs6+4/s /=4/s /4rs rs, +/s-6+s -/ + 4*/ 7 *r- s 5 /:-/.

L/s s6s /+s *r:/r-> -/ B6r 7 Es*-4/, s/:- r-+4 -/ + s-6- -->, *s/ /4r/s5+/rs :-45/s, */r +/ -6+, + /*4?-> + s-6-, rs6+4 67:5/r=+ +/s -/s4/s 9+/=+s + *r/-s/, *6s4/ 6 :+67 r-44 +/s rs6+4/s + 4r/6r, -67/s /=;45/s *r-*+s s s4-

r94r + r/- 4@/s -6/s. Ds*+?r 7 s/+4r+ 6 *+ :


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Ms/ *4r> *r:/r-> -= r-+4 -/ + s-6- -->, +/ 6 s 64+? *r =6s-r :r94->, s*+?4/ 7 -/4r/+

@/s.

'ur#as ,sotiempo

P+s */-/s*+?

P+s


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I*/r4- S-6- I-->

'ontrol de la fragmentacin L/s r4r/s 76 + :r94->, + 4r/6-r 6 --> -/r4

4r +/s */?/s 7-4s. A+ r4rr + 4/-> 6 */?/7-4, = -/r4r 6 s94/ r/- +;/s + s *r-*+ r/-, *r/*/r-// 6 :r94-> ;/r. I4r5+/s 4*/s7/rs 6 + -sr/ *r 6 s*r-> :-45 6 */?/ +

s *r-*+ r/-, / 76r< + :r94->.

E+ -/4r/+ 6 :r94->, r6r 6 +/s */?/s 4/ 6s-6- -/4r/+, s -r, 6 +/s r4r/s s6*r:- 7 + ://+ */?/ s -/= 4+ r, 6 + s*rs> + 6 4r/+ */?/ / - + 4r5+/ r4r/ + s6*r:-, -/ + /=;45/

6 +/s */?/s / 4/ :6r s-6-.

A X -4/r r/-V/ X V/+6 r/-*/?/ X 9 *+/s5/*/?/E X P/4- *s/ + *+/s5/ $


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Desplazamiento de material E+ Ds*+?4/ + 4r+

4r// **r-*+4 C+s:--> 9/-


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"obreuiebre y control de da.o

E+ s/=r6=r 7 + @/, :r-644 s -r4 -/ 4r5+/s r4r/ 67-/r4/s 4r :+s, + 64/ + @/ s = */r 5=r-/s / */r s/=r -/:4/,s -r, s + 6+4 :+ s4 s/ -/:, + @/ s -r4.

D +/ 4r/r, s 6- 6 *r s6r + S/=r6=r 7 + @/, s =-/srr 4r5+/s +r9/s r4r/s 4r +s /s 8+4s :+s.


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'ontrol de #ibracin y sobrepresin

E+ -/4r/+ + 5=r-> r6r + 6s/ r4r/s *r s96rr 6 +s5=r-/s (+ s6+/ 7 Krs) 6 */?/ s h7 s*/ +r94,4s 6 4/ /4r/ */?/. D s4 :/r, +/s :-4/s +/s */?/s56+s s/ *4s 7 / *6 h=r 6 r:/r?4/ +/s

5+s 5=r->. E+ *r// 7 + *rss4- + 5=r-> 6 */?/, s4 4=K

-/4r/+/ */r + s r/-/s. A 6 + /6+/ + r/-64, + *r// + *rss4- s67, 4*/s r/-s 67-/*44s r6r 4r5+/s r4r/s s -/r4/s 6 +s r/-s

=+s.


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L s-6- --> 4r + /r + -6+ +/s */?/s-r9/s 4/ 6 ++ 4r/6r. L/s :-4/rs 6 :+67 + s+--> + s-6- -+67^ + 8r/ -rs +=rs, r--> *r:r-+ s*+?4/ + r/- 6=r 7 + /r4-> +/s -/;64/s -+ss.

C6/ s4 2 -rs +=rs, + --> + 4r/6r -/?9r+4 + s6 +=r, *r/*/r-// 6 -/:4// +s -r9s *+/s5s. E+ /54/ + =6r s4 -s/4r sr 6


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T*/s r4r/

L -/rr-4 s+--> + 4r5+/ r4r/ s 6 +s 4rs s:-+s + s@/ + 4r/6r. E+ r4r/ 4 + -*- :+6-r - s*-4/ + 4r/6r, -// + :r94->,s4=+, -5=+, *-4/ =4+ 7 s/=r6=r.

L 4/-> */?/s 56+s (/ 9r6*/s */?/s) *6 r4rrs

*/r +s s964s r?/s

J Pr ;/rr :r94-> + *+J R6-r + 9r/ S/=r6=r 7 @/ 7 +/s 5+s 5=r-> + s6+/

7 + s/=r*rs>.

J Pr/*/r-/r 7/r -/4r/+ s/=r + s*+?4/ + *+J R6-r +/s 5+s 5=r-> + s6+/ 7 s/=r*rs>


71/105

S98 /7, +/s 4*/s 4r*/?/s *r//s 4 r-4r+-> -/ + 4*/ r/- 7 +s*-4/.

ThX 4hS

D/,

Th R4r/ */?/ */?/ (s)

4hIC/s44 r4r/ */?/ */?/(5r

4=+ 3.1) (s)S Es*-4/ ()

Tipo de RocCo!"%!%e T9($"&$*

C!r>?n %#0

A'1,n!s !'i!s# Es+,is-s 0#0

C!'i!s -5!!s @r-'es# !'1,n-s 1r!ni-s

@ >!s!'-s# C,!ri!#!'1,n-s 1neis

Fe'Bes5!-s 5-si-s#1neis -5!-s#!1nei!s .#0


72/105

Pr 4rr +/s r4/s

64+?r 4r :+ 7 :+ s 64+?+ s964 r+-> -/rs*-4/ + B6r

TrX 4B

D/

Tr s + r4r/ :+ :+ (s)

TRC/s44 r4r/ :+ :+(s)

B B6r ()

Re"5/%do

Co!"%!%e T#

($"&$*

Vi-'eni!# s->re5resi?n Be!ire e6esi:!# r-5iien-

r!ser- %#0

Pi'! Be !eri!' !'!er!n! ! '! !r!#

s->re5resi?n @r-5iien- -Ber!B- *

A',r! Be 5i'! 5r-eBi-#

s->re5resi?n @r-5iien- 5r-eBi- ""#0

Pi'! Be !eri!' Bis5ers!-n r-5iien- r!ser-

ni- "%#0


73/105

Tiempos cortos entre pozos ossmanitt (1**7)

C+-6+/ /=4/ 9rs/ + 5+/- / s-6r 7 +s*-4/.

T-X 0,% S 1000Vs

D/,

T- T*/ 4r */?/ 7 */?/ (s)

S Es*-4/ ()

Vs V+/- / s-6r (s)


74/105

'riterio de Aguilera y 'ampos (1**%)

A96+r 7 C*/s *r/*/ + s964 -6-> *r -/4rr + 4*/

T2.)X (1%.BV*)

D/,

T2.) R4r/ */?/s 6 :+ *r (s)

V* V+/- / -/*rs5 (s)

B B6r ()


75/105

*%97&E

71&F%EF9*

7*9&&1

%

EF

E**E%E97E&EEE&

%

E&FE%EEF9%*%1%

%* E7%9&%&1%EF

E71

&

,niciacin "ecuencia Duracin


76/105

Tr/6rs s -r +=r

Es*r+ / -/+ -h-/

D4

L// 4/r/


77/105

0

600

17

617634651668

34516885

Ss4 --> N/ +-4r-/ 4


78/105

2%

%0%10012%

'2 %0%10012%

2%%0%10012%

'2

'2

'2%

11

1%G

2%12%

1

10G20G

100 %0

1'2 G2

1F' 13'

2%

S-6- 4r/ 4r/S4/ + --> :69/


79/105

013'%1F

'2%GG3110

F'10111F13%1%2

11

1G

0013'%1FF%

1F

%GG3102

01 F'3%%2G

'2

F%

S- - V


80/105

0000000000

0000000000

F00F00F00F00F00

3%3%3%3%

3%3%3%3%

00

00

F00

00

00

F0F0

3% 3%

3% 3%

F3% F3%

S-6- V


81/105

D4/-> -/ N/+ (N/E+-4r-)


82/105

"=GHA" D ,I,',- J AKAI' D AIMA" P- GI NTH-


83/105

Disparo con "istema Ionel Gnidet ? retardos Gnidet de 1& ms en

superficie con detonadores Ionel de &** ms en el fondo de los taladrosO


84/105

CONSIDERACIONES PARADISE:O DE SECUENCIAS

A+;r/ !64Krr?


85/105

E+ s964, s 6 6+ -/sr-/s 4/r *r s@rs-6-s 4r/6rs s98 *r -+6s/ + s*+?4/ + 4r/6r.

Es4 6 5r s*-:--/s 4K--s 7 /*r-/+s 6 s*6 4/r -64 + r+?r + s@/ s-6- 6 4r/6r,+/ */r44 s 4rr s6 *r/r / + *r/r 6s4r/s -+4ss98 - s*r/, *r/rs 6 4rr


86/105

M;/r4/ +/s r4/s +/s6*/s -r96/

A66 s 6 r+ + 6 6 ;/r 9r6+/4r, 64+/s r4/s +/s 6*/s, s4 4 5 /r4/ +s*+?4/ 6 +s 4r/6rs = 4r, */ + 4*/6*/ -r96/ -/ + -6+ s *r4 4rr + 4r+ 4r//.

L/s E6*/s


87/105

Pr 4r/6rs / + 4r+ 4r// 4 6 +46rs6*r/r + +46r 4r--> + 6*/ -r96/ *+/

(*/r +/ 9r+ *r -r9/rs :r/4+s). S r-/ r+?r +s@/ 4+ r s*+?r + 4r+ +/9r/ 6 7/r:-+ -r96/. Es4/ s *6 +/9rr 4 + 6s/

Cr +=r, r 4r9r+ s*-/ + 4r+ *r s6

s*+?4/.

U4+?-> D9/+s +r9s *r r6-r + =6r :-45/, */r +/6 + -4 4r+ s*+?r s /r */r - :+ */?/s.

T*/s -/r4/s 4r */?/s 7 +r9/s 4r :+s ( 12% s), s +4r/6rs s+r< */r 4;s, 4r9


88/105


89/105


90/105


91/105


92/105

E+ s@/ 4r*?/+ s 6 =6 s@/ *r /=4r 4r/6rss*/;s 7 +54s, *r/ * + s 7 + :r-6- s4r6-46rs 6 49 + ?/ 4r/r. A66 + 4r+ 6:r94/ + :+4 s*+?4/ s4 4*/ s@/ *6*r/5/-r 64/s +/s r4/s +/s 6*/s -r96/. S s4:6s + -s/ */r + -/*/r44/ + 4rr/, 7 s =r9/ 4/5

s -sr/ /=4r *+s +54s. A 5-s s *6 r-6rrr +64+?-> 9/+s -/r4s 5? +r9s / 6 -/=-> s4s, 64/ + =6r :-45/.


93/105


94/105

E -s/ 6rr s6r + :r94-> 4 + s-6- 4/-> 6 4r/6r

B6r +5/ = s =;/s *r */?/s *r/6-->, / s6*r/r 30s, *r +/9rr 6 4r--> 4r +/s 9ss 7 /s *r/6-/s */r +s:r4s -r9s *+/s5s. Pr/ 4*/-/ = s4r B6rs /r 12s *r 54r 7--/s 4-/.

.T*/s *6@/s 4r :+s, s 6 =6 K4// *r r6-r +/s =6rs

+5/, 66 s = 4r -6/ s s 6 + /=;45/ + 4r/6r s *r/5/-r 6 s*+?4/ + 4r+.

3. S r-/ s*r r6-r +/s 4*/s 4r */?/s *r ;/rr +:r94->, s =r9/ s4 *6 *r/5/-r 6 64/ +s5=r-/s, */r +/ 6 s = 4r 4-> + sr /-6* 4r/6rs

-/4/r/ / ?/s -/ :++s 7 s4r6-46rs 9r -6/.

'. R+?r + s-6- :/r 6 +s /s 5; *r++4 +ss4r6-46rs s44s, 4+ r 6 / s *r + 4s /=/ + -64r/ -/ s4r6-46rs :/r *r*-6+r.(


95/105

U +s ;/rs :/rs r6-r + B6r +5/ 7 */r

;/rr + 9r6+/4r, s + 6s/ 9/+s +r9s + s@r +s-6- s*r/. Es4s 9/+s s67 + =6r :-45/ /r+, *r/5/-/ 6 + -4 r/5r 4r+ */r :+ h- +-r +=r 9r s /r, 7 */r 6 7/r :-45 +:6r?s - +/s 9ss -h/ 4r+.

A 4-/s -r4-/s / s6-> +/s 4-/s, + /*/r 6 /rrss4- + =6r :-45/, 54/ + 7--> +/s 4-/s 7*r/5/-/ + *s> +/s 9ss */r + 4r+ -/46/ +/s*/?/s 7 / */r + 4-/.


96/105

E *+=rs s*+s + 4r+ -/46/s/-/ + =6r /*//r rss4-, */r +/ 6 s *6

64+?r 6 7/r -4 *+/s5/ + r6-r + 4-/, s67/s + 9r6+/4r.

C +


97/105

C/sr-/s *r + -6/ *rs =-/ 4r/6rs -/4/r/.

L + 4r/6r s + *r/6-r + rr6 + r/-, s@r + r/- / 4r+ -/+4. Es4/ :/r 9r+, + @/4=K s *6 *r/6-r s4+-/s, :--/s / 6*/s+@/s + s-4/r + 4r/6r.

Us6+4 6/ +/s -6/s +/s 9ss


98/105

1. C/4r -/ + ss4 s4r6-46r+ *rs4 + s-4/r 4r/r 7 +*r =-/. Es =6/ -//-r A?] + ss4 s4r6-46r+ /4,-// + s*/s-> s*-+ - s4r6-46r *rs4. D 4+ r r--/r +s /s *r/6-s */r + 4r/6r r--> *r++ +s s4r6-46rs *rs4s, +/ 6 s -/s96 + /=4r +s ISO4*/ +/


99/105

2. Dr +5/ + :+


100/105

T*/ / rs*6s4

E+ T*/ / rs*6s4 *6 sr 6s/ -// 6 *r 4*/s 4r :+s */?/s 4r/6rs -/ -r +=r.


101/105

Pr -/srr 6 4/-> 4/s + */?/s ', s -sr/6 + */?/ 1 7 2 > 1 7 3 h7 4/ 7 6 4/-> 4/s 6 4r5+/ 4*/ 4r/r, / */r + 4*/ / rs*6s4 s*r/ (T)


102/105

E+ -r4r/ B6r +5/ - 6 *r 6 s4- +5/ */r + =6r :-45/ (s -r + s4- 4r +/s */?/s H), s4 66r/ / -r9s *+/s5s 6 = -rs 4s, *r 6+ */?/s *6 4/r -/ K4/. (D/s -r9s s + 8r/ / */r:-4/, 9r/ 6 4r96+/ *s> 5r), s4/s */?/s 4=K4r 6 h=r 4// 6 4r5+/ 4*/ 4r/r + +*/?/ -6s4>, :/ */r + 4*/ +5/ / 4*/ /

rs*6s4 (T).


103/105

J E+ 4*/ 4r :+s s -+-6+ -/ -


104/105

R9? + s r/-/s

M/6+/ Y/69

I4r--> E*+/s5/r/-

BD R?/ B6r4r/A,= -/s44s (2,'0F, 1,'%)

A*64s 4r/6r (*9 %F)

U 4++/ +/s 4/s s*/=+s 6s4r 6 + 4*/ rs*6s4 / (T), s :6r44 *4 +9/4r + 4r/6r (-r9 7 + *+/s5/ -/ + r/-.
http://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_6/Tronadura/Apuntes%20tronadura.pdfhttp://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_6/Tronadura/Apuntes%20tronadura.pdfhttp://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_6/Tronadura/Apuntes%20tronadura.pdfhttp://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_6/Tronadura/Apuntes%20tronadura.pdf


105/105

E + -6-> *r + - +++/9r4- *r 6 sr s6+-/s *r -s/s *r4-6+rs. A+

r-//-r + 46r+? *r- + /+/ *r/*6s4/, +s *r--/ss +4 +s 9/4rs + 4r/6r *6s4s */r + -/:-4B, + -6+ s = -/4rr 4r +/s 5+/rs 12 '% 7

11 extraccion mina 2

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