1.1 classification of microbes
TRANSCRIPT
MICROORGANISM AND THEIR EFFCTS ON LIVING THING
CHAPTER 1
MICROORGANISM……?
Micro and Makro?
Micro mean…………….
small, very small, can’t see by naked eyes.
Makro mean……………
big,can see by naked eyes
How to see the tiny particle such as microorganism…..
It can be seen by using electron microscope..
The classification of microorganism.
The characteristic of microorganism include their…
1. Appearance ---- keadaan luaran2. Shape……………….. Bentuk3. Size…………………… saiz4. Method of
reproduction……………..cara membiak5. Nutrition ……………………. Nutrisi6. Habitat……………………….. Tempat
tinggal
Viruses
APPEARANCE OF VIRUSES
Is the smallest microorganism
The structure is simple
Viruses consist (mengandungi) of strands of nucleic acid (DNA) which protected(dilindungi) by a protein coat
SIZE OF VIRUSES
THE SIZE ARE TOO SMALL
SMALLER THAN BACTERIA
SHAPE OF VIRUSES
HELICAL POLYHEDRAL
CHARACTERISTIC OF VIRUSViruses do not make their own food
They obtain (mendapatkan) food from animals,plants and some bacteria.
So they are PARASITES (mendapat makanan dr individu lain sehingga membawa keburukan kepada individu tersebut)
The cell where the viruses are attached (melekat) are called as host cells…
This cell become the habitat of the viruses
Viruses and host cell
Viruses are parasites…They can infect
HumanAnimal Plant Bacteria
Viruses Infected on human
Viruses Infected on animal
Viruses infected on plant
Method of reproduction
It only reproduce when it is contact with living cell.
BACTERIACan be found everywhereThey are the simplest single celled organism
Appearance of bacteria
Surrounded with tough cell wallcell wall …… support and maintain the shape of the cell
Have hundred of hairlike called PILLIpilli……… enable(membolehkan) bacteria to stick (melekat) to certain surface (permukaan)
Also have a tailtail……….. Help them to move
Size The size is bigger than viruses..
Shape of bacteria
Shape of bacteria
Spherical(cocci)
Long chain(streptoco
cci)
Bunches of grape
(staphylococci)
Rod shaped
bacili
spiral
Nutrition
Carry out photosynthesis
Some live as parasites
Some are SAPROTROPHS…saprotrophs…absorb (serap) nutrient from dead organism
Method of reproductionBy binary fission
Habitat
PROTOZOA
PROTOZOA1. Are unicellular microscopic organism2. They have complex internal structures such
as nuclei containing genetic material
Size of protozoaRanges from 5 to 250 µmSo they are easily seen under low
magnification microscope.
Example of protozoa
HABITAT
AMOEBA SoilFresh waterOcean Other organism as
parasites
PARAMESIUMFresh water
Shape of AMOEBA
Does not have fix shape
Its shapes change when it moves
Use PSEUDOPODIA which help them to move
And use PSEUDOPODIA to capture and engulf(telan) makanan.
SHAPE OF PARAMESIUM
Shape like a slipperHas a tiny hair
called CILIACILIA was used to
move and draw food into its body.
METHOD OF REPRODUCTIONAMOEBA
Binary fission
PARAMESIUM
Binary fission
ALGAE
Characteristic of algaeSimple organism that make food through photosynthesis.
They have chlorophyll but it is not a plant….
Did algae have roots, stems and leaves?
They didn’t have roots, stems and leaves..
So, can we classified it as a plant?
Algae Can be UNICELLULAR such as euglena
OrMULTICELLULAR such as spirogyra
Method of reproduction
They reproduce asexually through BINARY FISSION
SPIRIGYRA reproduce SEXUALLY through CONJUGATION
CONJUGATION
1.TWO individual united by a tube formed by outgrowths from one or both of the cells.
2.Genetic materials are passed through the tube into the other cell.
and finally it will form 4 daughter cells
HABITAT
Fungi
Fungi
Are simple, plant like organism
Do not contain the chlorophyll
Feed (mendapat makanan) on the dead matter
Size
The size ranges from 10 to 100µm
Example of fungi…
Mould Yeast
Habitat of fungi