1050 172 mndnr.gov/groundwatermapping150 by randy j. bradt ... · approximate equipotential...
TRANSCRIPT
1050
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H’
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Ele
vatio
n (fe
et)
H
Crow
Riv
er, S
outh
For
k
Crow
Riv
er, S
outh
For
k
Ceda
r Cre
ek
Cosm
os
MN
4
CSAH
10
CSAH
1
CSAH
26
Pipe
Lak
e
nts
gs4
wrtgt5
gs3
scs
nht
hwt
ms
mlt
gs4gt4
mt
hwtscs
mlt
sct
gt3
nt nt
mls
mths
pu
Ka
wes
mlssct
gt3
nht
mt1100
1075
p_u
9.38
23.124.7
3.17
25.5
106
1050
1000
1150
1100
1200
950
900
850
800
750
700
650
600
550
500
G’
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Ele
vatio
n (fe
et)
GFa
llon
Lake
Will
ie L
ake
Lake
Jenn
ie
CSAH
15
CSAH
18MN
4
CSAH
35
MN
15CSAH
9
MN
22
CSAH
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1
Belle
Cre
ek
Suck
er C
reek
gs4
mls
vs
hs
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Ka
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hs
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vs
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mltmlt
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nht
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mlt
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mt
mt
sct
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sct
wtegt4
scs
wte
gt3
wrs
ms
wesgs5
wrs
hsscs
wes
1100
105010
75
p_up_u
12.36.39
21.5
10.7
15.1
24.9
19.8
2.11
169183
262
208
sc
5500
1200
1050
1000
1150
1100
1250
1200
950
900
850
800
750
700
650
600
550
500
450
F’
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1000
1150
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950
900
850
800
750
700
650
600
550
500
450
Ele
vatio
n (fe
et)
F
Star
Lak
e
Man
uella
Lak
e
Colli
nwoo
d La
ke
Was
hing
ton
Cree
k
Belle
Cre
ek
CSAH
18
CSAH
14CSAH
1
CSAH
9
CSAH
15
CSAH
28
MN
4
MN
15MN
22
wrt
gs5
ms
wes
scs
ss
wte
scs
mlt
ss
psu
gt3
wte
mlt
vs
pu
Ka
KdKa
gt3
ms
mt
mlt
vt
pu
gt4
scs
mt
gt4
mt
gt5
mls
mt
scs
mt
gs3
wrs
nht
sc
hs
ms
hwt
nt
gs4
hs
hwt
nt
wrt
mls
hwtscs
gs4
hs
ms
sctsct
nts
10501125
1075
1150
1100
p_u
17.4
25.22.04
4.98
24.7
15.6
34.727.2
10.9
869
222
150
163
134164
110
18.4
5.26*
2500
1300
1050
1000
1150
1100
1250
1200
950
900
850
800
750
700
650
E’
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1000
1150
1100
1250
1200
950
900
850
800
750
700
650
Ele
vatio
n (fe
et)
E
CSAH
4
MN
4
CSAH
14
MN
15
CSAH
1
MN
22
CSAH
32
CSAH
24
US1
2
Long
Lak
e
Long
Lak
e
Thoe
n La
ke
Lake
Rip
ley
Lake
And
rew
Nel
son
Litc
hfiel
d
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d
Colli
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d Cr
eek
Was
hing
ton
Cree
k
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hs
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sctscs
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wrt
sct
wes
sct
hwt
hwt
wes
mls
ss
gs5
ss
gs4mls
hs
mls
ss
mlt
mlt
gs4
wrs
mt
gs3
ss
hs
nt
ntnt
sc
puKd
Ka
Kd
Kd
1125
11251175
1075
1150
10251100
1150
1050
p_u
11.7
24.3
51.3
3.23
5.77
3.2
49.0
3.04
20.0
269
136
358
270
109
699
174sc
sc
9.26*
13.0*
1050
1000
1150
1100
1250
1200
950
900
850
800
750
700
650
D’
1050
1000
1150
1100
1250
1200
950
900
850
800
750
700
650E
leva
tion
(feet
)
D
Was
hing
ton
Cree
k
Jew
itts C
reek
Long
Lak
e
May
nard
Lak
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ken
Lake
Big
Swan
Lak
eCSAH
24
US1
2
CSAH
1CSAH
32
CSAH
34
MN
15
CSAH
14
MN
22
CSAH
4
MN
4
Litc
hfiel
d
scs
gt4 sct
pu
gt5
sct
pu
hwt
wrs
ss
ss
wrt
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mls
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hs
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scs
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gs4 ms
hs
ss1
sct
hs
vs
gs5
mt
gs5
nt
nt
gs5
sct
wrs
gt4sct
pu
Ka
Kd
Kd
Kd
hs
wrs
1050
1025
1150
1100
1075
1175
1125
p_u
8.94
21.1
5.82
11.2
3.3
23.1
2.19 4.5413
15.0
248
701
116
146 324
172
sc
scsc
10.2*
12.7
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900
850
800
750
700
C’
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1150
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1200
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700
Ele
vatio
n (fe
et)
C
MN
4
MN
15
MN
24
MN
22
CSAH
34
CSAH
31
CSAH
27CSAH
14
CSAH
25
Mud
Lak
e
Mad
sen
Stat
e W
ildlif
e M
anag
emen
t Are
a
King
ston
Crow
Riv
er
Grov
e Cr
eek
Batt
le C
reek
Jew
itts C
reek
nt
mlshwt
scs
ntss
hwt
sct
pu
mlt scs
ss
hs
sc
sct
gt4
mt
scs
sct
wrsgs5
mlt
nt
mls
nt
mls
sct
hwt
sctmls
hsnt
ss
sct
hs
ss
hwtss
wrt
mls
hs sc
mlt
scs
hwt
pu
Ka
KdKd
10751100
1025
1050
1125
p_u
5.73 6.68
31.3
6.93
53.94.96
17.9
2.8711.3
180
284
369102
123
137 sc
6.90*
11.2*
1050
1000
1150
1100
1250
1200
950
900
850
800
750
Ele
vatio
n (fe
et) 1050
1000
1150
1100
1250
1200
950
900
850
800
750
B’B
Clea
rwat
er R
iver
Crow
Riv
er
Clea
rwat
er R
iver
Clea
rwat
er R
iver
Whi
tney
Lak
e
Clea
r Lak
e
Lake
Bet
sy
CSAH
17CSAH
25
CSAH
34
CSAH
2
MN
15MN
22
MN
4
CSAH
30
nt
nt
mlt
vt
hs
nt
mlt
mlt sshwt
wrs
hs
scs
gs5
sct
sctsct
mls
mt
vswrt
hs
gt4
ss
gs5 ms
hwtss
wrt
gt5
hs
gt4
nt
wrt
sct
mlsgs4 sct
ss1scs
wrs hsnt
wrswte
hs
pu
wrt
ss
mls mlspu
mlt
hwt hsnt
pu
hwtwrs
hwt
mlt scs
pu
KdKdKd
mlt
ss
1175
11501125
1050
1125
1075
1100
p_u
10.3
17.0
6.27
6.95
2.71
203
221
171255
272
124
2115.14
1.59
sc
scsc
15.3
9.51*
550
1050
1000
1150
1100
1250
1200
950
900
850
800
750
A’
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1000
1150
1100
1250
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750
Ele
vatio
n (fe
et)
A
MN
22CSAH
30
MN
4
CSAH
25
MN
55
CSAH
20
CSAH
2
Eden
Val
ley
Clea
rwat
er R
iver
Lake
Kor
onis
scs
scs
sct
sct
nt
wrt
hwt
pu
hs
mls
wrs
hs
wes
sct
ntnt
wrt
hwt
pu Kd
Kd
pu
scs
wrs
wte
ss
nt
hwt
ss
hs
vs
mltmlt
mlt
wrt
hwt
1125
11001150 1125
1150
1125
1150
1150
p_u
5.41
25.3
486
244
334
126129 sc
8.71*
9.82*151*
12.5*
Groundwater sample with evaporative signatureE
*aquitard
Aquifers and aquitards grouped by stratigraphyQuaternary unconsolidated sedimentInterpreted tritium age is indicated by the background color. See Figure 5 in the report for geologic unit correlation.
Quaternary aquitards
Grouped by texture ranging from highest to lowest sand content indicating relative hydraulic conductivity.
Surficial sand and gravel
Buried aquifers and aquitards
Geologic unit code Percent sandmt, hwt, wrt
nt, mlt, wte
nht, sct, gt3, gt4, gt5, vt
>50% and ≤60%
>40% and ≤50%
>30% and ≤40%
Groundwater conditions
Symbols and labels
Land or bedrock surface
General groundwater flow direction
Geologic contact
Approximate equipotential contour; contour interval 25 feet
1100
Water table
Tritium age
Darker color in small vertical rectangle (well screen symbol) indicates tritium age of water sampled in well. Lighter color indicates interpreted age of water in aquifer.
Mixed: water is a mixture of recent and vintage waters (greater than 1 TU to less than 8 TU).
Well not sampled for tritium.
Vintage: water entered the ground before 1953 (less than or equal to 1 TU).
Recent: water entered the ground since about 1953 (8 to 15 tritium units [TU]).
CROSS SECTION EXPLANATION
Chloride: if shown, concentration is ≥5 ppm.(* naturally elevated)
18.4
Arsenic: if shown, concentration is ≥2 ppb.3.17
Manganese: if shown, concentration is ≥100 ppb.
Carbon-14 (14C): estimated groundwater residence time in years.
1200
183
nht*
nts
nt*
ms
mt*
hs
hwt*
scs
sct*
mls
mlt*
gs3
gt3*
gs4
gt4*
gs5
gt5*
wrs
wrt*
wes
wte*
vs
vt*
psu
pu
sc*
ss
Groundwater discharges to a surface-water body.
Groundwater flowpath is unknown.
Groundwater flows laterally.
Bedrock Dakota Formation
Cretaceous undifferentiated
Precambrian crystallinep_u
Ka
Kd
)
7T. 117 N.
24
22
¤12
)4
)4
)55
22)
)
)15
))15
)55
Dassel
Greenleaf
Litchfield
Rosendale
CosmosCedar Mills
GroveCity
KingstonForest City
Eden Valley
Watkins
Darwin
94°22'30" W.
45°7'30" N.
45° N.
45°15' N.
94°37'30" W.94°45' W.
94°30' W.
T. 118 N.
T. 119 N.
T. 120 N.
T. 121 N.
R. 32 W. R. 31 W.
R. 30 W. R. 29 W.
B’BB’B
C’C
C’CD’D
D’D
E’E
E’E
F’F
G’G
H’
A’A A’A
H
1 0 1 2 3 4
SCALE 1:400 000
1 0 1 2 4 5 6 7 KILOMETERS3
5 MILES
Symbols
Well used to generate cross section
N
Part B line of cross section shown on Plate 7A A’
Part B line of cross section shown on this plateE E’
Part A line of cross sectionA A’
LOCATION DIAGRAM
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES
1 0 1 2 4 5 6 7 83 9 KILOMETERS
SCALE 1:100 000VERTICAL EXAGGERATION X 50
Groundwater sample with evaporative signatureE
*aquitard
Aquifers and aquitards grouped by stratigraphyQuaternary unconsolidated sedimentInterpreted tritium age is indicated by the background color. See Figure 5 in the report for geologic unit correlation.
Quaternary aquitards
Grouped by texture ranging from highest to lowest sand content indicating relative hydraulic conductivity.
Surficial sand and gravel
Buried aquifers and aquitards
Geologic unit code Percent sandmt, hwt, wrt
nt, mlt, wte
nht, sct, gt3, gt4, gt5, vt
>50% and ≤60%
>40% and ≤50%
>30% and ≤40%
Groundwater conditions
Symbols and labels
Land or bedrock surface
General groundwater flow direction
Geologic contact
Approximate equipotential contour; contour interval 25 feet
1100
Water table
Tritium age
Darker color in small vertical rectangle (well screen symbol) indicates tritium age of water sampled in well. Lighter color indicates interpreted age of water in aquifer.
Mixed: water is a mixture of recent and vintage waters (greater than 1 TU to less than 8 TU).
Well not sampled for tritium.
Vintage: water entered the ground before 1953 (less than or equal to 1 TU).
Recent: water entered the ground since about 1953 (8 to 15 tritium units [TU]).
CROSS SECTION EXPLANATION
Chloride: if shown, concentration is ≥5 ppm.(* naturally elevated)
18.4
Arsenic: if shown, concentration is ≥2 ppb.3.17
Manganese: if shown, concentration is ≥100 ppb.
Carbon-14 (14C): estimated groundwater residence time in years.
1200
183
nht*
nts
nt*
ms
mt*
hs
hwt*
scs
sct*
mls
mlt*
gs3
gt3*
gs4
gt4*
gs5
gt5*
wrs
wrt*
wes
wte*
vs
vt*
psu
pu
sc*
ss
Groundwater discharges to a surface-water body.
Groundwater flowpath is unknown.
Groundwater flows laterally.
Bedrock Dakota Formation
Cretaceous undifferentiated
Precambrian crystallinep_u
Ka
Kd
Groundwater sample with evaporative signatureE
*aquitard
Aquifers and aquitards grouped by stratigraphyQuaternary unconsolidated sedimentInterpreted tritium age is indicated by the background color. See Figure 5 in the report for geologic unit correlation.
Quaternary aquitards
Grouped by texture ranging from highest to lowest sand content indicating relative hydraulic conductivity.
Surficial sand and gravel
Buried aquifers and aquitards
Geologic unit code Percent sandmt, hwt, wrt
nt, mlt, wte
nht, sct, gt3, gt4, gt5, vt
>50% and ≤60%
>40% and ≤50%
>30% and ≤40%
Groundwater conditions
Symbols and labels
Land or bedrock surface
General groundwater flow direction
Geologic contact
Approximate equipotential contour; contour interval 25 feet
1100
Water table
Tritium age
Darker color in small vertical rectangle (well screen symbol) indicates tritium age of water sampled in well. Lighter color indicates interpreted age of water in aquifer.
Mixed: water is a mixture of recent and vintage waters (greater than 1 TU to less than 8 TU).
Well not sampled for tritium.
Vintage: water entered the ground before 1953 (less than or equal to 1 TU).
Recent: water entered the ground since about 1953 (8 to 15 tritium units [TU]).
CROSS SECTION EXPLANATION
Chloride: if shown, concentration is ≥5 ppm.(* naturally elevated)
18.4
Arsenic: if shown, concentration is ≥2 ppb.3.17
Manganese: if shown, concentration is ≥100 ppb.
Carbon-14 (14C): estimated groundwater residence time in years.
1200
183
nht*
nts
nt*
ms
mt*
hs
hwt*
scs
sct*
mls
mlt*
gs3
gt3*
gs4
gt4*
gs5
gt5*
wrs
wrt*
wes
wte*
vs
vt*
psu
pu
sc*
ss
Groundwater discharges to a surface-water body.
Groundwater flowpath is unknown.
Groundwater flows laterally.
Bedrock Dakota Formation
Cretaceous undifferentiated
Precambrian crystallinep_u
Ka
Kd
Groundwater Atlas of Meeker CountyCounty Atlas Series C-35, Part B
Plate 8 of 8Hydrogeologic Cross Sections
E–Eʹ through H–Hʹ
To accompany atlas Report and Plates 6–7.
Hydrogeologic Cross Sections
By Randy J. Bradt
2019
Minnesota Department of Natural ResourcesCounty Atlas Program mndnr.gov/groundwatermapping
Buried sand aquifers are listed in each section from the surface down to include the deepest buried sand aquifer that may have detectable tritium. Additional aquifers discussed include those with relevant carbon-14 residence time.
Cross Section E–EʹA total of 10 wells were sampled for tritium along this cross section from wells ranging in depth from 56 to 312 feet.
The ss aquifer deposits are at the land surface in scattered locations on top of the nt aquitard. The most extensive and thickest deposits are located between MN 22 and CSAH 14 in the middle of the cross section. Recent tritium-age water was mapped in this aquifer.
The hs aquifer was mapped as both mixed and vintage tritium age. All samples were collected from areas with very low pollution sensitivity. The mixed tritium-age results suggest lateral recharge from adjacent areas of higher sensitivity.
The scs aquifer is mostly well protected and was mapped as vintage tritium-age water. Mixed tritium-age water was found in a sample collected on the east end of the cross section where vintage tritium was expected. The source of mixed tritium is not discernable with the available information.
Cross Section F–FʹA total of 11 wells were sampled for tritium along this cross section from wells ranging from 65 to 158 feet deep.
The ss aquifer deposits are at the land surface on top of the nt aquitard near MN 22 in the middle of the cross section. Recent tritium-age water was mapped in this aquifer.
The nts aquifer is limited to locations near and slightly west of CSAH 1. The buried sands were all mapped as mixed tritium-age water.
The ms aquifer was mapped as vintage tritium-age water east of CSAH 14 where the nt aquitard is thicker, and west of CSAH 28 where the combined thickness of the nht and nt aquitards provide sufficient aquifer protection. Between these locations mixed tritium-age water is mapped where the aquifer is not as well protected. Groundwater recharge is likely moving laterally from adjacent higher sensitivity areas to the west where the overlying nts aquifer enhances recharge to this aquifer and possibly from Star Lake.
The hs aquifer was mapped as vintage tritium-age water in most locations. There is one exception just west of CSAH 1. A shallower nts aquifer appears to be connected to the underlying hs aquifer, thereby enhancing recharge to the deeper hs aquifer.
On the south shore of Lake Washington east of CSAH 14, two closely spaced wells had carbon-14 residence times of 1,300 years for the shallower 68-foot-deep well in the hs aquifer and 2,500 years for the deeper 130-foot-deep well in the scs aquifer.
Cross Section G–GʹNine wells were sampled for tritium in this cross section from wells ranging from 70 to 250 feet deep.
The ss aquifer deposits are at the land surface on top of the nt aquitard at three locations in the eastern portion of the cross section. Recent tritium-age water was mapped for this aquifer.
The nts aquifer was mapped as mixed tritium-age water for the single shallow buried aquifer found near CSAH 1.
The ms aquifer was mapped as vintage tritium-age water west of MN 22 because the nht and nt aquitards are both present. Mixed tritium-age water is mapped east of MN 22 where only the nt aquitard is present.
The scs and gs4 aquifers were mapped as vintage tritium-age water throughout. Just west of CSAH 1 two closely spaced wells having different depths were sampled for carbon-14 residence time. The shallower 97-foot-deep well in the scs aquifer dated 1,200 years old. The deeper 250-foot-deep well in the gs4 aquifer dated 5,500 years.
Cross Section H–HʹA total of 4 wells were sampled for tritium along this cross section from wells ranging from 60 to 195 feet deep.
The nts aquifer was mapped as mixed tritium-age water for these shallow buried aquifer units.
The ms aquifer was mapped as vintage tritium-age water with the exception of the far eastern Crow River, South Fork location where the overlying nht aquitard has been removed and the nt aquitard partially dissected.
This map was compiled and generated in a geographic information system. Digital data products are available from the DNR County Atlas Program at mndnr.gov/groundwatermapping.
This map was prepared from publicly available information. Every reasonable effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the factual data on which this map interpretation is based. However, the DNR does not warrant the accuracy, completeness, or any implied uses of these data. Users may wish to verify critical information; sources include both the references in the report and information on file in the offices of the Minnesota Geological Survey and the DNR. Every effort has been made to ensure the interpretation shown conforms to sound geologic and cartographic principles. This map should not be used to establish legal title, boundaries, or locations of improvements.
Base modified from Minnesota Geological Survey, Meeker County Geologic Atlas, Part A, 2015.
Universal Transverse Mercator projection, zone 15N, North American Datum of 1983. North American Vertical Datum of 1988.
500 Lafayette Road St. Paul, MN 55155-4025 888-646-6367 or 651-296-6157 mndnr.gov
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© 2019, State of Minnesota, Department of Natural Resources and the Regents of the University of Minnesota
Prepared and published with the support of the Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund and the Clean Water, Land and Legacy Amendment