Ope

rato

r’s M

anua

l

THIS IS A MANUAL PRODUCED BY JENSALES INC. WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF GALION OR IT’S SUCCESSORS. GALION AND IT’S SUCCESSORS

ARE NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR THE QUALITY OR ACCURACY OF THIS MANUAL.

TRADE MARKS AND TRADE NAMES CONTAINED AND USED HEREIN ARE THOSE OF OTHERS, AND ARE USED HERE IN A DESCRIPTIVE SENSE TO REFER TO THE PRODUCTS OF OTHERS.

Operator’s Manual

104 Motor Grader S/n D-1001

GA-O-104 ERLY

. 1 ~

'. i

REVISED EDITION This ~dition of Manual No. 2021 for GALION No. 104 Motor

Grader has been revised to include new material covering changes

a,nci additions in specifications of this motor grader since publi­

cation of early editions of Manual 2021 •

In order that this issue of manual can be used with older

No. 104 Graders; Opeia~ion, Maintenance Text and Parts Lists as in

yrevious editions is retained.

The new material added in revision includes:

Operation, Maintenance Text & Parts Listing for:

Use of G.M. 3-71 Diesel Power Unit

Use of Eight Valve Hydraulic Control Valve Manifold

New Mounting & Control for Snow Plow and Bulldozer

New Front Axle

-1-

INDEX OPERATION & MAINTENANCE SECTIONS

Air Cleaner, I.H. Engine 18-87 Air Cleaner, G.M. Engine - 4GM4-79GMI Air Cleaner, Hydraulic Tank - - - - 50 Alignment, Front Wheels - - - - - 128 Anti-Freeze - - - - - - 4GM7-17 Axle, Grader Front 25-128 Axle, Transmission Rear - - - - 67

Bank Sloping - - - - - - - - - 32 Battery, Storage - - - - 4GM8-21-119 BEFORE STARTING G oM. Engine - 4GM4-4GM6 BEFORE STARTING I.H. Engine - - 12-98A Bleeding Fuel System 4GM4-97 Bleeding Hydraulic Brakes Brake Maintenance -Bulldozer - - -

Cab, Operatoris Clutch, Engine - - - - -Circle Adjustments COLD WEATHER OPERATION

- - 77 31-69

- - - - 29

- - 78 14-58

- - - 26 4GM7-16

- - - - - - - - 5-11 Controls, Engine Controls, Grader Cooling - - - - - -

4M-4p-5 - 4GM4-12-19-21-84

Diesel Fuel System, G.M. Diesel Fuel System, I.H. Draft Connection, Drawbar

Electrical Equipment Engine, G.M.

Before Starting- -Cold Weather Operation -Hot Weather Operation Lub. & Prevent. Maint. Trouble Shooting -Tune Up - - - -

Engine, I.H.

- 4-GM-4 - - 90

- - - 26

20-111

4-GM-4 4-GM-8

4-GM-IO - 79-GM-l

- - 79-GM-6 - 79-GM-5

Change to Diesel Controls - - -Gasoline Cycle Maintenance

Operation -. 11-15 - - - - - - 5-11

Noises - - - - -Operation - - - -Specifications - - - -Speed Regulation

- 15-18-88 80

- - - 127 - - - - 14

34 - 11-16

7-15-111 Starting -Stopping - - - - - - - - - - - - 16

Engine, I.H., Continued Timing Magneto - - - - -Timing Injection Pump Trouble Chart - - - - - -Valve Clearance Adjustment

103 - - 97

123 102

Fan Belt- - - - - - 12-79GM3-85 Filter, Fuel Oil 19-79GMl-91-97 Filter, Engine Lub. Oil - 18-79GM2-80 Fuel Oil Specifications, G.M. 4GM2 Fuel Oil Specifications, I.H. 7-8

Gear Shift - - - - - - - - - 4-6 Generator - - - - - - - - - - - 20-111 Grader Notes - Changes since Early

Editions of Manual - 4-K G.M. 3-71 Engine

Starting - - - ~ - - - - - - 4-GM-4 Operation - - - - - - - 4-GM-5 Lub. & Prevent. Maint. 79-GM-l Trouble Shooting - - - - - 79-GM-6 Tune Up - - - - 79-GM-5

Hang Rods - -HOT VlEATHER OPERATION -Hourmeter - - - - - -HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

- - - - 27 - 4GMIO-17

6-106

Air Cleaner, Oil Tank - - 50 Cylinders - - 4P-25-56 Hyd. System Improvements 4M-4P Hose - - - - - - 53 Manifold - 6 Place 24-50 Manifold - 8 Place 4M-4p Motor, Hydraulic - 25-54 Oil Specifications - - - 10 Pump - - - - - - - - 23-50 Safety (Regulator) Valve - - 50 Tank, Oil Supply - I.H. - - 50 Tank, Oil Supply - GoMo 4-GM-ll Tubing & Fittings 24-53 Hyd. System Changes with GM 4-GM-ll

Instruments - - - - - - - - - - - 5-11 Indexing Turret - - - - - - - - - - 27 Inspections, Periodic 17-122

Leaning Wheels - - - - 25-128 Lifts, Moldboard - - 26-136 Lubrication Notes & Charts 2, 34 to 45 Lubrication Guide, I.H. Engine 44-80 Lubrication Oil Specif., G.M. - 4-GM-3 Lubrication Oil Specif., I.H. - 10-83

INDEX

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE SECTIONS, CONTINUED

Manifold, 6 Valve, Hydraulic -Manifold, 8 Valve, Hydraulic

24-50 4M-4p

Moldboard Adjustments Moldboard Lift Shafts - - - -

- - - 22

Muffler, Engine - - -

Nozzle, I.H. Injection

Odometer - - - - - - - -

- 26-136 106

99

6 Orientation, Engine & Grader 4-GM-l,8

Preventive Maintenance 49, 79-GM-l Pump, Hydraulic - - - - 23-50 Pump, I.H. Fuel Injection - - - 93 Pump, G.M. Fuel Injection 79-GM-5 Pump, Water - - - - - 82

Radiator & Curtain 12-21-84

Scarifier - - - - - - - - 28 Shipping Data - - - - - - 42 Side Shift- - - - - - - 26-134 Snow Plow - - - - - - 28 Snow Wing - - - - - - 28 SPECIFICATIONS:

G.M. Engine loR. Engine Fuel Oil - -Grader - - -Hydraulic Oil Lubricating Oil, Lubricating Oil,

Starting G.M. Engine Starting I.H. Engine

4-GM-11 - - - - 34

- - - - 4GM2-7-8

G.M. Engine LH. Engine

- - 42 - - 10 4-GM-3

10-83 4-GM-5

7-15

Starter, Electric - - 11-15-20-111 Starting Aid, Cold Weather 4-GM-9 Steering Control Unit - - 53 ,Steering Gear, Manual - - - - 130 stopping G.M. Engine - - - - 4GM6 Stopping IoH. Engine - 16 STORAGE

G .M. Engine I.H. Engine Fuel & Lubricants

Tandem Drive Throttle, Engine Tire Pres sure Tire Pump - - - - -Transmission

- -79-GM-6 10-98

- 34-98A

- - ~-67 - - 11

26-36 4

25-61 Notes of Transmission Changes:

61C-6 5C Trap, Diesel Fuel Water - - - - 18-90 Trouble Shooting, G .Mo Engine - 79-GM-6 Trouble Chart, I.H. Engine 123 Turret, Indexing - - - - - - - - 27 Transfer Drive (Drop Gear Case)

See Transmission Section

UD-14 A I.H. Engine Starting - - - - - - - 7-15-111 Operation - - - - - - - - - 14 Maintenance - - - 80

Valve Adjustment 79-GM-5, 102 Venting or Bleeding:

Diesel Fuel System - - - 4-GM-4, 97 Hydraulic Brakes - - - - - - 77

TWO "RANGE" GEAR SHIFT, See Fig. 4 The Galion Transmission range of gear ratios

are selected by a single shift lever.

Note in di~m that there are three neutral positions. Refer to Fig. 4

"SN" or starting Neutral is logical position to leave lever or to position lever when start­ing. With lever in this position operator can shift into the high range for road travel or into low range for suitable working ratio.

TIRE PUMP - - Air Compressor & Drive For Galion Motor Graders operatins far from

base of service and supply, a tire pump is available as an extra.

Tire pump is gear driven and is mounted on the transmission.

4

Hose is equipped with pressure gauge and tire valve connector.

Refer to Page 229 Parts List Section.

G. M. MODEL, SERIAL AND UNIT DESIGNATIONS

Typical Unit Name Plate

There are two identification plates attached to G. M. Power units and Basic Engine Serial number is stamped on the cylinder block. See illustrations.

The unit name plate, illustrated above is attached to the cranking motor side of the flywheel housing. Stamped on this plate ar~ the uni t model number and the uni t serial number.

The unit model number designates the number of cylinders and the model type. The unit serial number indicates the number of cylin­ders, engine series, and numerical serial num­erical serial number of the unit.

The basic engine serial number and basic engine model number are stamped on the cylin-

6/1RC55 Basic Engine Serial No. & Model No.

der block of every engine at the upper right hand corner, blower side, see illustration above.

The basic engine serial number designates the number of cylinders, engine series, and the numerical serial number. Basic Engine model number designates the number of cylin­ders, engine series, rotation of the engine, type and location of standard accessories, and application.

An option and accessories plate, shown in illustration below, is attached to the valve rocker cover of each unit. All groups of parts used on a unit are standard unless listed on this plate.

The operator should include all data given on the name plates with any order for parts.

options and Accessories Plate

G. M· 3·71 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

PAGES 4·GM·l To 4·GM·I0, INCLUSIVE

4-GM-l

SELECTION OF DIESEL FUEL OILS

DIESEL POWER

The quality of the fuel oil used for high-speed diesel engine operation is a dominating factor for satisfactory engine life. Suitable fuel oils must be clean, completely distilled, well-refined and non-corrosive to fuel system parts.

To permit efficient combustion, the fuel oil selected must meet the volatility and ignition quality requirements of the engine which are governed largely by speed, load and atmospheric temperature. To avoid excessive deposit formation and premature wear, the sulfur content of the fuel oil must be as low as possible.

Distillatioa ,,_ge, cet_e allllllNtl" and S1IlI1U coateat are, therefore, the three most important properties of high-speed diesel engine fuel oils.

The large variety of fuel oils marketed for diesel engine use may be divided into four classes with their main properties as listed below in Table 1.

DISTILLATI°ti CETANE SULFUR

9OOJ, , FINAL NUMBER CONTENT

CLASS BOILING BOn.ING POINT -OR- POINT (MAX.) (MAX.) (MIN.) (MAX.)

A SSO"F 575"F 45 0.25% B 575°F 625"F 45 0.50% C 625"F 675"F 40 0.50% D 675"F 725"F 40 *0.75%

TABLE 1

In view of the large influence exerted upon combustion by the temperature of the intake air, and the various fuel oil requirements for different types of engine operation, the proper class of fuel oil should be selected from Table 2 below.

TYPE OF ENGINE AHBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE APPLICATION

ABOVE ABOVE ABOVE ABOVE +80°F + 40°F O°F _20°'

Marine Engines C B B A Industrial and R. R. Use C C B A Heavy Mobile Equipment *D C C B

TABLE 2

-----NOTES-----Engine operation at altitudes above 5000 feet requires use of nen lighter class of fuel oil.

cannot be avoided, lubricating oils Of the "Heavy-Duty" 8-1 type should be emplcyed. (See "List of Heavy.Duty Oils" Form 7SD26.) During cold weather enqine operation, the "cloud poinr' (the

temperature at which wax crystals begin to form in the fuel oil) must be belcw the lowest ezpected fuel temperature to prevent clogging of the fuel filters by wax ~als.

At temperatures belcw _20°F consult your nearest G. M. Dis­tributor or Dealer, since particular attention must be Given the cooling system, lubricating system. fuel system, electrical system, and cold weather starting aids for efficient enlJine operation. • Where use of fuel oils with higher sulfur content than 0.5%

FORM 76£100 LITHO IN U.S.A.

For lael ."ecilication. applying to die .. l engine. i_talled by tAe G. M. TRUCK & COACH DIVISION, con.ult veAicle manufacturer.

SERVICE DEPARTMENT

DETROIT DIESEL ENGINE DIVISION GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION

13400 WEST OUTER DRIVE DETROIT 28, MICHIGAN

4-GM-2

DIESEL POWER

SELECTION Of uHEAVY-DUTY"

LUBRICATING OILS

gl ! POWER I : !

Satisfactory long-time operation of Heavy-Duty Engines requires use of specially compOunded "Heavy-Duty Lubricants". These superior oils provide better lubrication, possess more heat resistance, and counteract sludge formation more effectively than regular or premium motor oils. Heavy-Duty oils hold foreign matter in suspen­sion and, thus, allow the contaminants to be drained out of the crankcase when the lubricating oil is changed.

Several types of "Heavy-Duty" lubricating oils are provided. by the petroleum industry for the varying serv-ice requirements of gasoline and diesel engines.

Only "Heavy-Duty" lubricating oils complying with MIL-O-2104 specifications should be employed in engines manufactured by the Detroit Diesel Engine Division; however, only "Heavy-Duty" lubricating oils complying with MIL-0-2104 specifications which, in addition, are non-corrosive to silver alloy bearings should he employed in Model "6-110" engines equipped with centrifugal type blowers.

The recommended lubricating oil viscosity grade when operating under normal conditions, at normal tem­peratures, is SAE 30. However, when prolonged exposure of the engine to temperatures below freezing is unavoidable, it is permissible to use the following lighter grades in order to facilitate starting.

Atmospheric Temperature

Viscosity Grade

+30° to O°F ............... SAE 20W 0° to -20°F ............... SAE lOW

NOTE: FOR COMPLETE COLD STARTING INSTRUCTIONS CONSULT OUR NEAREST AUTHORIZED DISTRIBUTOR OR DEALER

All mineral oils deteriorate in service and it is, therefore, necessary to renew the crankcase content at regular intervals to dispose of the acidic and resinous materials formed. The frequency of these oil changes depends upon the severity of engine service, the quality of the lubricant, and the efficiency of filtration.

It is recommended that new engines be started with 100 hour oil change periods. The interval may then be gradually increased, following' the recommendations of the oil supplier (based on analysis of the drained oil) until the most practical oil change interval has been determined.

TO PREVENT DILUTION OF THE FRESH REFILL OIL SUPPLY FLUSHING OILS OR OTHER SOLVENTS SHOULD NEVER BE USED IN OUR ENGINES!

Heavy-Duty lubricants will always appear dark-colored in use due to their exceptional ability to hold fine carbon particles in suspension. Therefore, the color of the oil can no longer be used as an indicator for proper filter action. The removal of abrasive dust, metal particles, and carbon must be ensured by periodic replace­ment of the absorption filter elements. OIL FILTER ELEMENTS MUST BE CHANGED AT EVERY OIL CHANGE.

Selection of a reliable oil supplier, strict observation of his oil change period recommendations, and proper filter maintenance will ensure trouble-free lubrication, thus longer engine life for your G. M. Diesel Engine.

FORM 7SE99 LITHO IN U. S. A.

SERVECE DEPARTMENT

DETROIT DIESEL ENGINE DIVISION GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION

1 3400 WEST OUTER DRIVE

DETROIT 28, MICHIGAN 4-GM-3

TABLE OF CAPACITIES

GENERAL MOTORS 3-71 DIESEL ENGINE

Crankcase Lubricating Oil (Including Filters)

Fuel Oil Supply Tank

- 13 U.S. Std. Quarts

49~ U.S. Std. Gals.

Cooling System (Use soft water & Rust Inhibitor or Permanent Type Anti-Freeze)

Hydraulic System - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

- - 23 U.S. Std. Quarts

28 U.S. Std. Gals.

PREPARATION FOR STARTING When starting a new engine unit, or after a major overhaul of an engine; all

the following checks and engine services should be performed. For daily, or start of working shift service, refer to LUBRICATION & PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE schedule with intervals in hours.

AIR CLEANER - Fill air cleaner bowl to level mark with engine oil. overfill.

Do not

COOLING SYSTEM - Close drain cock and replace any drain plugs removed for stor­age or shipment.

Open cooling system vent at front end of water manifold. Re­move filler cap and fill cooling system with clean, soft water or with a protecting solution of non-evaporating type of anti­freeze if the engine will be exposed to below freezing temper­atures. Liquid Level in radiator should be kept to about two inches below the filler neck.

When using water alone in the cooling system, a reputable brand of rust inhibitor should be used to help retard formation of rust and scale

Close cooling system vent after filling.

ENGINE CRANKCASE - Check the oil level in crankcase by means of the bayonet oil gauge at side of crankcase. Remove the gauge, wipe lower end with a clean cloth, then insert and remove gauge to take level reading. Keep oil level to "FULL" mark on gauge.

Use only "Heavy-Duty" lubricating oils, as specified under "LUBRICATING OIL SPECIFICATIONS".

VALVE & INJECTOR OPERATING MECHANISM - Remove valve rocker cover and pour two or three quarts of engine lubricating oil over rockers, valve springs, and push rods. Also apply a light oil, preferably SAE 10, to the individual valve stems by means of an oil can. Place the end of a screwdriver under the push rod lock nut and by exerting pressure on the handle of the screwdriver, work the valve up and down. CAUTION: Before actuating any valve, make sure the piston for

that particular cylinder is not at the top of its stroke.

FUEL SYSTEM - Fill the fuel tank with high-speed Diesel engine fuel as specified under "FUEL OIL SPECIFICATIONS".

Open fuel supply valve. To insure prompt starting, at least that portion of the fuel

system between the pump and the fuel return manifold should be filled with fuel. For an engine that has been in storage a

4-GM-4

PREPARATION FOR STARTING - Continued

FUEL SYSTEM, Continued

LUBRICATION

considerable length of time, the fuel oil filter (between the fuel pump and the injectors) should be primed. To prime the filter, remove the vent plug in top of filter cover and pour fuel through the opening slowly until filter is full.

FITTINGS - Lubricate any pressure fittings and grease cups with short fibre, high-speed, ball bearing grease. Lubricate hinge cap oilers, throttle linkage, and any exposed moving parts with engine oil in a hand oiler.

FAN & GENERATOR BELTS - Adjust all drive belts to proper tension before start­ing engine.

STORAGE BATTERIES - Check storage batteries; they should show 1.275 hydrometer reading or higher.

CLUTCH - Disengage clutch.

Clear power unit of all tools or other obstructions that might interfere with engirle operation. Set throttle in STOP pOSition, then press starter switch and allow starting motor to crank engine a few turns. Observe entire installation carefully while cranking. If there are no unusual noises and everything seems in order, the unit should be ready to start and run.

STARTING ENGINE: Open the throttle to idling position. Press starting switch firmly to start engine.

cranking motor more than 30 seconds at a time to ing motor.

Do not operate avoid overheat-

If engine does not start, repeat. starting operation at 30 second intervals.

If engine does not start after four periods of cranking, see Chart I and II in TROUBLE SHOOTING SECTION.

At air temperatures below 40 0 F., starting of this engine re­quires use of a cold starting aid. For use of Cold Starting Aid, Capsule Type, refer to "COLD WEATHER OPERATION".

OIL PRESSURE - Immediately after engine starts; observe the oil pressure on gauge. If no pressure is shown after 10 to 15 seconds, stop engine and check the lubricating system.

WARM-UP PERIOD - Run engine at part throttle and no load for four or five min­utes, allowing engine to warm up before applying load.

RUNNING ENGINE - Oil Pressure - See that the oil pressure, as indicated by the pressure gauge, does not fall below 25 lbs. at operating speed (5 Ibs. is satisfactory at idle).

Check Unit - With engine running at operating temperature, check unit carefully for water, fuel oil, or lubricating oil leaks. Tighten connections where necessary to avoid leaks.

Engine Temperature - Under normal working conditions the cool­ant temperature should range between 165 0 and l85°F. with cor­responding oil temperature about 40 0 above the water outlet tem­perature.

Crankcase - After engine has warmed up to operating tempera­ture, stop the engine and check the oil level. Replenish to "FULL" mark on bayonet oil gauge.

NOTE: This is necessary only for the first start after a crank­case refill.

4-GM-5

STOPPING ENGINE - Clutch - Reduce engine speed to idle and disengage clutch.

Throttle - If possible, set throttle at about half speed and allow engine to run without load for about two minutes before shutting down.

Move Throttle to NO FUEL position to stop engine.

Clean ~gine - Clean the outside of the engine, wiping off all dirt, oil and grease.

BEFORE STAR'TING The "BEFORE STARTING" instructions below apply to routine or daily starting of

the unit. They do not apply to starting a new unit or one that has been out of operation for a considerable period. For the latter conditions, see "PREPARATION FOR STARTING" Page 4-GM-4

NOTE: The time intervals given in this chart are actual operating hours of the unit. Example: If the unit is operating 24 hours a day on three 8 hour shifts, perform the 8 hour operations before each shift. During the fifth day when 100 hours have elapsed, perform the 100 hour operations at the same time as the 8 hour operations.

OPERATION

CHECK ENGINE

CRANKCASE OIL

CHECK COOLANT

LEVEL IN COOLING

SYSTEM

CHECK FUEL TANK

CHECK FUEL SUPPLY VALVE

CHECK CLUTCH

CONTROLS

REMARKS

Check oil level with engine stopped. Oil level should be to "FULL" mark on dipstick (Bayonet Gauge).

Never let oil level fall below "LOW" mark; re­plenish as necessary. Select proper viscosity grade of oil in accordance with the instructions under "LUBRICATING OIL SPECIFICATIONS" Page 4-GM-3

Remove radiator filler cap slowly and, if necess­ary, add soft water to within 2 inches of overflow pipe.

Always use soft water with good grade commercial inhibitor or permanent type anti-freeze.

Do not let fuel tank become EMPTY. Fuel pump will lose its prime and may be seriously damaged.

Select the proper grade of fuel in accordance with the instructions under "FUEL OIL SPECIFICATIONS" Page 4-GM-2

See that fuel supply valve is open.

Check to see that clutch is disengaged. Always disengage clutch before starting or stopping engine.

4-GM-6

DIESEL POWER

If£MPERATURE AROUND ENGINE ,...

o 10-c -50; E A N H T R I E G -40 N R H A E D I E T

0- 1~-32 NG rK~

-20

-10-

-10

~o

-20-

f--10

r-2O -30-

~-3O

-40- r-4O

r-5O

-50-

f--60

-FOltM 7S":101 LITHO IN U.S.A.

COLD WEATHER STARTING GUIDE 'OR

GENERAL MOTORS SERIES "71" AND "110" DIESEL ENGINES

EIIGINE LUIRICATING FUEL OIL PROPERTIES STARTING

COOLANT OIL CETANE CLOUD SULFUR BOILING RANGE AID

VISCOSITY NO. POINT CONTENT 9'% END

POINT POINT

WATER AND HEAVY DUTY 40 OR .50% 625°F 675°F

RUST INHI BITOR SAE 30 BETTER (max.) (max.) (max.)

(BEWARE OF COLD SNAPS)

WATER ANTI-

AND FREEZE BELOW

ETHYLENE REQ'D. HEAVY +20°F 20%

DUTY .50% 575°F 625°F

GLYCOL BELOW

(max.) (max.) (max.) PERMANENT 25%

SAE

TYPE 20W + 10°F

ANTI-FREEZE

CONTAINING 32% BELOW

45 OaF RUST

OR INHIBITOR \0 0

BELOW 0 co HEAVY BETTER (1"\!-<CO

3&% .c-..OO"\ -lOoF (1"\ (1"\

DUTY I I -< A

SAE fIl

43% BELOW

lOW -20°F

HEAVY BELOW 47% DUTY

SAE -30°F .25% 550°F 575°F

lOW BELOW (max.) (max.) (max.)

51% -40°F

54% BELOW

-sooF

57% BELOW

-sooF

DIESEL POWER

STARTINB MOTOR

AND IAnERY

*

12.Volt

* Batteries must be of the HEAVY-DUTY DIESEL TYPE-minimum capacity of 180 ampere hours based on twenty hour rate is required for each single engine. CAUTION: This information is not to be used for negotiation of military contracts (consult factory for required information).

Service Department DETROIT DIESEL ENGINE DIVISION

General Motors Corporation 13400 WEST OUTER DRIVE

DOROIT 28, MICHIGAN Page 4-GM-7

COLD WEATHER OPERATION

COLD WEATHER STARTING AID - CAPSULE TYPE - For ease of starting at air temperatures 40 0 F. or lower, use Capsule Type Starting Aid which is standard equip­ment on G. M. Diesel engines installed in Galion Motor Graders.

For instructions on use of Starting Aid refer to following page.

FUEL OIL SPECIFICATIONS - Pour Point, Cloud Point and Ignition & Volatility quality are Diesel Fuel Oil specifications of critical importance for satis­factory engine performance in cold weather.

Fuel Specifications for Cold Weather Operation should provide:

POUR POINT - lOoF. lower than minimum anticipated air temperature to insure normal flow of fuel through fuel lines, filters, pump and in­jectors.

CLOUD POINT - During cold weather engine operation, the "Cloud Point" (the temperature at which wax crystals begin to form in the fuel oil) must be below the lowest expected fuel temperature to prevent clogging of the fuel filters by wax crystals.

IGNITION &: VOLATILITY - Cetane number is a measure of the ignition quality of a fuel. The ignition quality of the fuel influences ease of starting, smoothness of operation, and warm-up characteristics of the engine. As the cetane value of a fuel has important influence on engine performance during starting and warm-up, the higher cetane fuels should be used when available for cold weather operation. Volatility of Diesel Fuel Oil is related to distillation (boiling range). Increased volatility - lower boiling range.

LUBRICATING OIL SPECIFICA'I'IONS - Oil for engine crankcase and air cleaner for cold weather operation: Use SAE 20W for air temperatures from plus 300F. to OOF. SAE lOW for air temperatures from OOF. to minus 20 0 F.

ANTI-FREEZE - Use only Ethylene Glycol Permanent Type anti-freeze solution in cool­ing system. Mix solution in proportions to give protection for low­est expected temperature.

STORAGE BATTERIES - Keep batteries fully charged. Both Standard and High-Ou~put generator equipment is available for G. M. Engines. If burning extra lights with snow plow equipment, making numerous starts in cold weather, a high-output generator may be required.

Refer to operation of Fluid Starting Aid on following page.

Refer to Cold Weather Starting Guide chart on page 4-GM-7

4-GM-8

ST ARTING AID The fluid starting aid is designed to inject a highly volatile fluid into the

air intake system in order to assist ignition of the fuel at low ambient temperatures. The fluid is contained in suitable capsules to facilitate handling.

507

Fig. S -I-Schematic Diagram of Fluid Starting Aid.

500. Pump Any. 501. Container-Capsule. 503. Cop-Capsule Container. 504. Piercing Shaft-Capsule.

507. Tube-Capsule Container to Pump.

508. Tube-Pump to Air Valve . Intake Housing.

509. Capsule.

Figure at left shows the general arrangement of the fluid starting aid. It consists of a capsule container {501) which is a tight cyl­indrical chamber fitted with a screw cap (503) Inside the capsule container is located the sliding, plunger-like piercing shaft (504). From the capsule container a tube (507) leads to the piston type, hand-operated pump (500). Another tube (508) leads from the pump to the atomizing nozzle.

Galion installs the pump (500) in heel plate below operatorts seat. The capsule container is mounted vertically on outside of cab at left. The atomizing nozzle is screwed into a tapped hole in the air intake housing. The tank to pump tube is 3/161t O.D. copper tubing and the pump to nozzle tube is 1/8" O.D.

OPERATION

1. The cap (503) should be unscrewed from the capsule container (501) and a capsule (509) placed in the container.

2. With the piercing shaft (504) of the cap­sule container in the raised position (all the way out) screw the cap tightly on the container.

3. Push the piercing shaft down until it bot­toms. This will break the capsule and fill the container with starting fluid vapor.

4. Move the engine throttle to the full-fuel position.

5. Engage the starter and simultaneously pull back on the pump plunger all the way and then push the plunger in slowly, thus forcing the starting fluid through the nozzle and into the air intake. Continue to push the pump plun­ger in until the engine starts. If the plun­ger is not all the way in when the engine starts, push it in very slowly until it locks in the ItINIt position.

6. Unscrew the cap from the capsule container body and remove the used capsule. Do not leave the empty capsule in the container.

7. Reinstall the cap tightly on the container body.

NOTE: When not in use, the piercing shaft should be all the way down.

4-GM-9

HOT WEATHER OPERATION COOLING SYSTEM - Cooling system service is of special importance when engine is oper­

ating in high air temperatures. Service of cooling system should in­clude:

Check cooling system for leaks.

Keep cooling system full.

Flush and clean cooling system regularly.

Keep exterior of radiator core clean.

Maintain proper fan belt tension. Replace worn belts that ride on bottom of pulley grooves. Replace oil soaked belts.

LUBRICATING OIL - Oil for engine crankcase and air cleaner should be SAE 30

DIESEL FUEL OIL - Select fuel oil in accordance with specifications of fuel oil as outlined on page 4-GM-2

STORAGE BATTERIES - Check electrolyte level more frequently when operating in high air temperatures.

AIR CLEANER - If dust conditions are severe, shorten Air Cleaner service interval.

Fig. S-5 Front Axle, Showing Leaning Wheel Cylinder

4-GM-lO