10.3 jaxa: gcom-c/sgli new developments - ioccg · feasibility study pre-phase-a . solar...
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10.3 JAXA: GCOM-C/SGLI
new developments
Hiroshi Murakami
JAXA/EORC IOCCG-21 Committee Meeting
Santa Monica College, CA, USA 1 - 3 March 2016
2
JAXA Earth Observation Satellite missions
Targets (JFY; Apr-Mar) 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Disasters & Resources
Climate Change & Water Cycle •Water Cycle
•Climate change
•Greenhouse gases
Study On orbit Mission status
[Land and disaster monitoring]
[Vegetation, aerosol, cloud, SST, ocean color]
[Cloud and aerosol 3D structure]
[CO2, Methane]
[Wind, SST , water vapor, precipitation]
[Precipitation 3D structure]
[CO2, Methane, CO]
Development
TRMM / PR 2013~
ALOS-2 / PALSAR-2
GPM / DPR
GCOM-W / AMSR2
GOSAT / FTS, CAI 2009~ GOSAT-2
GCOM-C / SGLI
EarthCARE / CPR
Optical
ALOS-Next
GCOM-C
Launch GCOM-C2
GCOM-C3 5 years
~13 years
Feasibility study
Pre-phase-A
Solar
calibration
window
Earth view
window
FOV: 80-deg
Deep space
window
Visible and Near-infrared Radiometer
(SGLI-VNR)
VNR-NP Non-polarization
tree telescopes Each has the same 11
channels
Solar diffuser
GCOM-C satellite
Total FOV: 70deg
= 24deg 3 telescopes
(~1150km@nadir)
Earth direction
Earth
Earth
45deg along-
track slant
observation
VNR-POL Polarization two
(670nm and 865nm)
telescopes Each has tree
polarization-angle filters
Scan
mortar
Black body
SWIR detector
TIR detectors
Optical bench
Earth
mechanical
cooler
FOV: 55deg
(~1150km@45deg
along-track slant)
InfraRed Scanner
(SGLI-IRS) 45deg
1. GCOM-C/SGLI development
Internal lamp (PD)
3
GCOM-C SGLI characteristics
Orbit Sun-synchronous (descending local time: 10:30),
Altitude: 798km, Inclination: 98.6deg
Launch Date JFY 2016
Mission Life 5 years (3 satellites; total 13 years)
Scan Push-broom electric scan (VNR: VN & P)
Wisk-broom mechanical scan (IRS: SW & T)
Scan width 1150km cross track (VNR: VN & P)
1400km cross track (IRS: SW & T)
Spatial resolution 250m, 500m, 1km
Polarization 3 polarization angles for POL
Along track tilt Nadir for VN, SW and TIR, & +/-45 deg for P SGLI/VNR daily coverage
SGLI Spectral bands
4
http://suzaku.eorc.jaxa.jp/GCOM_C/about/c_sgli_prod_01.html
Characteristics of SGLI spectral bands
CH
Lstd Lmax SNR@Lstd IFOV
nm W/m2/sr/m
K: Kelvin
-
K: NET m
VN1 380 10 60 210 250 250 /1000
VN2 412 10 75 250 400 250 /1000
VN3 443 10 64 400 300 250 /1000
VN4 490 10 53 120 400 250 /1000
VN5 530 20 41 350 250 250 /1000
VN6 565 20 33 90 400 250 /1000
VN7 673.5 20 23 62 400 250 /1000
VN8 673.5 20 25 210 250 250 /1000
VN9 763 12 40 350 1200* 250 /1000*
VN10 868.5 20 8 30 400 250 /1000
VN11 868.5 20 30 300 200 250 /1000
POL1 673.5 20 25 250 250 1000
POL2 868.5 20 30 300 250 1000
SW1 1050 20 57 248 500 1000
SW2 1380 20 8 103 150 1000
SW3 1630 200 3 50 57 250 /1000
SW4 2210 50 1.9 20 211 1000
TIR1 10800 700 300K 340K 0.2K 250/500/1000
TIR2 12000 700 300K 340K 0.2K 250/500/1000
Mul
ti-a
ngle
obs
. fo
r 674nm
and
869nm
Uchikawa, T., K. Tanaka, Y. Okamura, S. Tsuida, and T. Amano, "Proto Flight Model (PFM) performance and development status of Cisible and Near
Infrared Radiometer (VNR) on the Second-generation Global Imager (SGLI)", SPIE Asia-Pacific Remote sensing, Beijing, China, 9264-27, 2014.
Tanaka, K., Y. Okamura, T. Amano, T. Hosokawa, and T. Uchikita, "The development status of Second Generation Global Imager Infrared Scanning
Radiometer (SGLI-IRS)", SPIE Asia-Pacific Remote sensing, Beijing, China, 9264-15, October, 2014.
VNR-POL
VNR-NP
SGLI-IRS
1. GCOM-C/SGLI development
• Proto-flight tests of GCOM-C satellite-system (SGLI Scanning
Radiometer Units, SRUs (VNR-NP, VNR-POL, and IRS), and
Electrical Units, ELUs, are on-going in JAXA Tsukuba Space Center
• The radiometric tests are carried out using integrating spheres to
characterize the SGLI radiometric performances
The integrating spheres are precisely calibrated by the fixed point
blackbody to ensure the traceability to the standard light source.
SNR, dynamic range, linearity, gain stability, etc. are evaluated
• Preliminary results of SNR meet the specification with some margin
(ref. next page)
5
6
Yoshihiko Okamura ; Kazuhiro Tanaka ; Takahiro Amano ; Koichi Shiratama and Tamiki Hosokawa, " Development and
pre-launch test status of Second Generation Global Imager (SGLI) ", Proc. SPIE 9639, Sensors, Systems, and Next-
Generation Satellites XIX, 96390I (October 12, 2015); doi:10.1117/12.2193387
1. GCOM-C/SGLI development
specification
Results
low NEdT is better
high SNR is better
high SNR is better
JFY April-March
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
GCOM-C
Milestone
Development
phase
GCOM-C1 Project start
Initial development Performance development Launch version development Improvement and application
System definition
algorithm
selection
PLI-1 PLI-2 Initial
cal/val
GCOM-C
launch
Validation & Improvement
Research product development
EORC
research &
development
Research & trial by other
satellite data and simulation
inte
ract
ion
C1 RA#1 GCOM-RA4 (C1 RA#2) C1 RA#3
PI alg submission v0.1 alg v0.2 alg v1
PI research
Submission to
the ground system Interaction
(flow, volume)
Ver. 1 Ver. 0.0 Ver. 2
Data
release
Initial
cal/val
define I/F integration test
of the ground system
L1B draft data
interaction
SGLI engineering model SGLI pre-flight model
Implement to the
operation system
Ground system
SGLI
Development
Announcement
Ver. 0.0
Pre-launch
Development
Completion
Confirmation
C1 RA#4
Design
prepa-
ration
2. Product development
7
GCOM-C Launch
GCOM-C2 GCOM-C3
5 years ~13 years
Ver. 0.1
Review
Test Review
GCOM-C1 Project end
Ver. 3
GCOM-C2 launch Review Review
SST module
Research parameters
Ocean color module
Atmospheric corr. module
Level-1B
L1B1 VNI
Normalized water
leaving radiance
L1B1 SWI L1B1 TI L1B1 POL
Atmos. aerosol
Chlorophyll-a conc.
EZD
PAR
Sea surface temp.
CDOM absorption
Total Suspended Matter PFT
Net Primary Productivity
Redtide
Daytime Day&Night time
Incl. cloud detection
1km 1km/500m/250m 1km/250m
Blue: standard products, red: research products and double-line boxes are subject for level-3 production
Incl. cloud detection
8
GCOM-C Ocean product operation flow and PI (JFY2016-)
IOP shape
aph
Toratani (Tokai U.)
Hirata (Hokkaido U)
Calibration by JAXA
Hirawake (Hokkaido U) Hirawake (Hokkaido U)
JAXA
Hirata (Hokkaido U)
Hirata (Hokkaido U)
Toratani (Tokai U.)
JAXA
Ishizaka (Nagoya U.)
Frouin (SIO, US)
Suzuki (Hokkaido U.): HPLC
JAXA
Ishizaka (Nagoya U.)
Hirata (Hokkaido U)
M. Wang (NOAA): Atm.corr, VIIRS
B. Franz (NASA): multi sensor
Kobayashi (Yamanashi U.)
In-situ instrument
Applications and international collaboration
CEOS/OCR-VC, IOCCG, KJWOC/AWOC
NASA, NOAA, CNES, GISTDA. Australia..
Domestic: FRA, JCG, JMA..
IOP
Goes(Columbia Univ): Nitrate, NPP
Kahru (SIO): Regional alg &Val
Antoine (Curtin U.): Cal/Val
Matsuoka(U Laval): Arctic DOC&POC
Kuwahara (Soka U): Val at Sagami Bay
Isada (Hokkaido U): Val at Akkeshi-Bay
McKinna(NASA): IOP
3. Synergy with Himawari-8/AHI
• Himawari-8 data release: July 7 2015
• JAXA-CSIRO meeting: Aug. 25-26, 2015
• JAXA Himawari-monitor (http://www.eorc.jaxa.jp/ptree/index_j.html)
– Public open since Aug. 31 2015
– SST, Aerosol, PAR, OC.. are derived by GCOM-C algorithms
– (2016-) cloud properties, hotspot..
• Cross-calibration and cross-validation with GCOM-C
9 8-day average
Aerosol optical thickness NDVI & Chl-a
8-day average 8-day average
SST
8-day average
PAR
AHI hourly Chla on 20-27 July 2015
10
00H,
01H,
02H,
03H,
04H,
05H,
daily,
00H,
..,
daily,
8-day
AHI Chla: comparison with MODIS Chla (L3)
11
1-day 1-day 1-day 8-day
Good agreement in the summer time (upper figures)
SNR becomes lower in the winter time due to large solar zenith angle
4. Summary
• The mission targets of GCOM-C are contribution to the climate
system researches, the carbon cycle and the radiative forcing, through
series of satellites, GCOM-C, C2 and C3.
– It has 250-m resolution and along-track slant-view polarization observation to
improve the land and coastal monitoring, and aerosol estimation.
– Stable calibration: on-board diffuser with monthly moon observation
• GCOM-C/SGLI will be launched in Japanese Fiscal Year 2016.
• SGLI pre-launch tests, development of algorithms and ground
processing system, and post-launch cal/val planning are being
conducted by JAXA and GCOM-C PI.
• The new research period is going to start in the April 2016
(JFY2016-2018)
• Follow-on missions
– GCOM-C2, 3..., don’t have been approved yet: need long-term series missions
– We have to demonstrate the success of GCOM-C1
– International collaboration, e.g., JPSS, Sentinel-3, PACE.. 12
Backup slides
14
SGLI calibration
solar irradiance
SST
fixed-point
blackbody furnace
integration
sphere
AIST NIST
SGLI VN/SWR
diffuser BRDF radiometer
internal lamp
SGLI TIR
radiometer
standard blackbody onboard
blackbody
Moon
radiometer LST
Cloud Ocean Desert Snow
Other satellite sensors
GIRO
(GSICS/ROLO)
in-situ radiometer
buoy SST
Solar spectrum 2%
1% <2%
Post-launch Level-1 calibration will be based on the onboard calibration
Vicarious calibration will be used for
• confirmation of the onboard calibration,
• more accurate calibration (adjustment) required for the L2 algorithms
Cross calibration
Vicarious calibration
Onboard calibration
Ground characterization
in-situ
radiometers
once/month
at the same phase angle
GCOM-C data distribution
2. Japanese near-real time station
– Near-real time distribution to specific users*
– A backup of the Svalbard station
3. Direct downlink capability at other
local stations
– (3) and (4) are required to make agreement
individually with JAXA.
All standard products (L1, L2, L3) will be
distributed by S-FTP (released to the public
one year after the launch)
Free for both science and commercial
purposes
1. Svalbard downlink station
– Global observation data including
all the 250-m & 1-km observation
modes (Raw data ~6GB/path)
– 14 or 15 passes (~90GB)/day
15
(1) (2) (3) GCOM-C/SGLI data
GCOM-C
GCOM-C
(4)
*Near-real time users (can be increased)
a) JAFIC
• Products: SST, Chl-a, Rrs (Mapped)
• Area: Coverage of Katsuura Station
• Latency: 3 hours after observation
b) JMA (TBD)
• Product: L1B, aerosol, snow cover, SST, LST
• Area : global
• Latency: 70% by 3 hours and 95% by 12 hours
after observation