S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 1 I HC THI NGUYN TRNG I HC NNG LM NGUYN TH HON TI: NH GI VIC QUN L V THC HIN PHNG NQUY HOCH S DNG T GIAI ON 2006-2010 CA KHU VC TRUNG TM THNH PH THI NNGUYN Thi Nguyn - 2011 S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 2 I HC THI NGUYN TRNG I HC NNG LM NGUYN TH HON TI: NG GI VIC QUN L V THC HINPHNG N QUY HOCH S DNG T GIAI ON 2006-2010 CA KHU VC TRUNG TM THNH PH THI NNGUYN CHUYN NGNH: QUN L T AI M S:60.62.16 LUN VN THC S KHOA HC NNG NGHIP Hng dn khoa hc: PGS.TS. Nguyn Khc Thi Sn Thi Nguyn- Nm 2011 S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 3 M U 1. t vn Quyhochsdngtlmttrongnhngnidungquantrngtrong cngtcqunlNhncvtai.HinphpncCnghaxhich ngha Vit Nam nm 1992, ti Chng II, iu 18 quy nh: Nh nc thng nhtqunltaitheoquyhochvphplutnhmmbosdngt ng mc ch v c hiu qu [2], [10].Lut t ai 2003 dnh 10 iu, t iu 21 n iu 30 quy nh v nguyn tc, ni dung, trnh t, thm quyn lp v xt duyt quy hoch, k hoch s dng t cc cp [3]. Nhnthccvaitrvtmquantrngcaquyhochsdngt, nhiu a phng trong c nc nghim tc t chc trin khai cng tc ny. n nay,c63/63tnh,thnhphtrcthuctrungng(100%),505/753 huyn,qun,thx,thnhphthuctnh(67%)v6.865/12.588x,phng, thtrn(54,5%)honthnhcngtclpquyhochsdngt.Nhiua phng v ang trin khai lp quy hoch s dngt n nm 2020 v k hoch s dng t k u giai on 2011-2015 [2], [10].V mt s lng c th thy, mc d cn gp nhiu kh khn nhng vi s n lc rt ln ca cc a phng, vic lp quy hoch s dng t c trin khaitrndinrngvkhngb,cbitlcptnhvcphuyn.Tuy nhin, do nhiu nguyn nhn, cng tc lp quy hoch, t chc trin khai thc hin quyhoch,qunlvgimstquyhochnhiuaphngchacquan tm ng mc; kt qu ca nhiu d n quy hoch t c l rt thp; tnh trng quy hoch treo, quy hoch o ang l tm im ch ca d lun x hi. V vy vic nh gi kt qu thc hin quy hoch kp thi a ra nhng gii php nhm chn chnh li cng tc quy hoch, nng cao kh nng thc thi ca cc d n quy hoch s dng t hin nay l vic lm bc thit. S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 4 ThchinLuttai2003;Nghnhs181/2004/N-CPngy29 thng10nm2004cachnhphvthihnhLuttai;Thngts 30/2004/TT-BTNMTngy01thng11nm2004caBTinguynvMi trng v vic hng dn lp, iu chnh v thm nh quy hoch, k hoch s dng t [3], [4], [18].Hin nay, thnh ph Thi Nguyn gm 19 phng v 9 x. Trong , khu vc trung tm gm 5 phng loi 1, l: Trng Vng, Hong Vn Th, Phan nh Phng, Quang trung v ng Quang. Cc phng ny l trung tm kinh t, chnh tr, vn ha-x hi ca tnh v thnh ph. Thnh ph Thi Nguyn lp phng n quy hoch s dng t n nm 2010 ca cc phng khu vc trung tm. n nay l nm cui ca k quy hoch cn c nhng nghin cu, nh gi,nhnnhnlimtcchtondinhiuqucaphngnquyhochs dng t. ng thi ch ra nhng hn ch, tn ti, nguyn nhn v gii php khc phc cho quy hoch s dng t n nm 2020 v k hoch s dng t k u giai on 2011-2015; m bo cho qu t ai ca thnh ph Thi Nguyn c qun l cht ch, khai thc c hiu qu v bn vng. Xutphttnhngvntrn,victhchinti:nhgiquy hochsdngtgiaion2006-2010cakhuvctrungtmthnhph Thi Nguyn l cn thit. 2. Mc tiu nghin cu ca ti 2.1. Mc tiu tng qut ca ti nh gi vic qun l v thc hin phng n quy hoch s dng t giai on2006-2010cakhuvctrungtmthnhphThiNguynthyc nhng vic lm tt trong cng tc qun l v thc hin quy hoch cng nh nhng vic cha lm c ng trong cng tc ny ca thnh ph Thi Nguyn, ng thi ch ra nhng kh khn, tn ti v xut gii php khc phc. 2.2. Mc tiu c th ca ti ti nhm 2 nhm mc tiu c th sau: S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 5 1-nh gi c victhchin quyhoch s dng t giaion2006-1010 ca khu vc 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn theo s liu th cp, gm: - nh gi c vic thc hin quy hoch tnh theo loi t - nh gi c vic thc hin quy hoch tnh theo n v hnh chnh - nh gi c vic thc hin quy hoch chung ca c khu vc 5 phng trung tm 2-nhgicvicqunlvthchinquyhochsdngtgiai on 2006-1010 ca khu vc 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn theo s liu s cp, gm: - nh gi c vic qun l quy hoch theo phiu iu tra - nh gi c vic thc hin quy hoch theo tng nhm i tng iu tra khc nhau - nh gi c vic thc hin quy hoch theo tng a bn iu tra - nh gi c vic thc hin quy hoch chung ca c khu vc 5 phng trung tm theo phiu iu tra 3. Yu cu ca ti ti cn p ng c cc yu cu sau: 3.1- nh gi phi chnh xc, khch quan; 3.2- nh gi theo nhiu gc khc nhau: theo s chu chuyn cc loi t, theo thi gian; theo s liu th cp, theo s liu s cp; 3.3- Cc gii phpxutphi ph hp vithc ta phngvc tnh kh thi cao. S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 6 PHN 1 TNG QUAN TI LIU 1.1. C S KHOA HC CA TI 1.1.1. C s l lun ca ti Bt k mt vic g khi lm cng cn tng kt, nh gi vic giai on trchocnhngvictngtlmtrcyrtkinhnghim.Trong qun l t ai cng vy, khi lp quy hoch s dng t phi nh gi vic qun l v thc hin quy hoch giai on trc. Hn na, quy hoch s dng t l vic sp xp, phn b t ai cho tng lai nn kh c th thc hin c ng tt c theo quy hoch t ra. V vy, nh gi cng tc qun l v thc hin phng n quy hoch s dng t l vic lm cn thit tt c cc a phng. 1.1.2. C s thc tin ca ti Cng nh cc thnh ph trung tm khu vc khc, thnh ph Thi Nguyn hin ang l th loi 1, l trung tm khu vc min ni v trung du pha ng Bc.nhgivicqunlvthchinphngnquyhochsdngtl viclmnhkcacca phngtheoquynhcaphplut khichunb lpquyhochsdngtgiaionmi.ThiNguynlmttnhangpht trin.Tronggiaion2006n2010,tnhcbitchnvicxydng thnh ph Thi Nguyn t th loi 2 pht trin thnh th loi 1. iu ny cnggpphnlmchovicthchinphngnquyhochsdngtgiai on 2006-2010 ca khu vc trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn cng kh ng nhlpvoukquyhoch.Vvy,nhgivicqunlvthchin phng n quy hoch s dngt giai on2006-2010 ca khu vc trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn l ht sc cn thit. 1.1.3. C s php l ca ti nh gi vic qunlvthchinphngnquyhochsdngt giai on2006-2010cakhu vc5 phngtrung tmthnhphThiNguyn cn phi da vo cc vn bn quy phm php lut sau: S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 7 1.1.3.1. Nhm cc vn bn ca trung ng - Hin php nc Cng ha x hi ch ngha Vit Nam nm 1992, iu 17, 18. - Lut t ai ngy 26 thng 11 nm 2003. -Ngh nhs 181/2004/N-CPngy29thng10nm2004caChnh ph v thi hnh Lut t ai 2003. - Quyt nh s 10/2005/Q-BTNMT ngy 24 thng 10 nm 2005 ca B trng B Ti nguyn v Mi trng ban hnh nh mc kinh t, k thut lp v iu chnh quy hoch, k hoch s dng t. -Thngts30/2004/TT-BTNMTngy01thng11nm2004vvic hng dn lp, iu chnh v thm nh quy hoch, k hoch s dng t. - Thng t s 04/2006/TT-BTNMT ngy 22 thng 5 nm 2006 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng hng dn phng php tnh n gi d ton, xy dng d ton kinh ph thc hin lp v iu chnh quy hoch, k hoch s dng t. - Ngh nh s 84/2007/N-CP ngy 25 thng 5 nm 2007 ca Chnh ph quy nh b sung v vic cp giy chng nhn quyn s dng t, trnh t, th tc bi thng, h tr, ti nh c khi Nh nc thu hi t v gii quyt khiu ni v t ai. -Quytnhs100/2008/Q-TTgngy25thng7nm2008caTh tng Chnh ph ph duyt quy hoch tng th pht trin kinh t- x hi thnh ph Thi Nguyn n nm 2020. - Ngh nh s 69/2009/N-CP ngy 13 thng 8 nm 2009 ca Chnh ph quy nh b sung v quy hoch s dng t, gi t, thu hi t, bi thng, h tr v ti nh c. -Thngts14/2009/TT-BTNMTngy01thng10nm2009ca BTinguynvMitrngquynhchititvbithng,htr,ti nh c v trnh t, th tc thu hi t, giao t, cho thu t.-Thngts19/2009/TT-BTNMTngy02thng11nm2009ca BTinguynvMitrngquynhviclp,iuchnhvthmnh quy hoch, k hoch s dng t. S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 8 1.1.3.2. Nhm cc vn bn ca a phng Thi Nguyn - Bo co thuyt minh tng hp quy hoch s dng t chi tit n nm 2010, k hoch s dng t chi tit giai on 2006-2010 v nh hng s dng t n nm 2020 thnh ph ThiNguyn, tnh Thi Nguyn ca UBND thnh ph Thi Nguyn nm 2007. - Bo co thuyt minh tng hp quy hoch s dng t chi tit n nm 2010, k hoch s dng t chi tit giai on 2006-2010 v nh hng s dng tnnm2020phngngQuang,thnhphThiNguyncaUBND thnh ph Thi Nguyn nm 2007. - Bo co thuyt minh tng hp quy hoch s dng t chi tit n nm 2010, k hoch s dng t chi tit giai on 2006-2010 v nh hng s dng t n nm 2020 phng Hong Vn Th, thnh ph Thi Nguyn ca UBND thnh ph Thi Nguyn nm 2007. - Bo co thuyt minh tng hp quy hoch s dng t chi tit n nm 2010, k hoch s dng t chi tit giai on 2006-2010 v nh hng s dng tnnm2020phngPhannhPhng,thnhphThiNguynca UBND thnh ph Thi Nguyn nm 2007. - Bo co thuyt minh tng hp quy hoch s dng t chi tit n nm 2010, k hoch s dng t chi tit giai on 2006-2010 v nh hng s dng tnnm2020phngQuangTrung,thnhphThiNguyncaUBND thnh ph Thi Nguyn nm 2007. - Bo co thuyt minh tng hp quy hoch s dng t chi tit n nm 2010, k hoch s dng t chi tit giai on 2006-2010 v nh hng s dng tnnm2020phngTrngVng,thnhphThiNguyncaUBND thnh ph Thi Nguyn nm 2007. - Bo co quy hoch s dng t n nm 2020, k hoch s dng t 5 nm k u (2011-2010) thnh ph Thi Nguyn, tnh Thi Nguyn ca UBND thnh ph Thi Nguyn nm 2011. S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 9 - Bo co quy hoch s dng t n nm 2020, k hoch s dng t 5 nmku(2011-2010)phngngQuang,thnhphThiNguyn,tnh Thi Nguyn ca UBND thnh ph Thi Nguyn nm 2011. - Bo co quy hoch s dng t n nm 2020, k hoch s dng t 5 nm k u (2011-2010) phng Hong Vn Th, thnh ph Thi Nguyn, tnh Thi Nguyn ca UBND thnh ph Thi Nguyn nm 2011. - Bo co quy hoch s dng t n nm 2020, k hoch s dng t 5 nmku(2011-2010)phngPhannhPhng,thnhphThiNguyn, tnh Thi Nguyn ca UBND thnh ph Thi Nguyn nm 2011. - Bo co quy hoch s dng t n nm 2020, k hoch s dng t 5 nmku(2011-2010)phngQuangTrung,thnhphThiNguyn,tnh Thi Nguyn ca UBND thnh ph Thi Nguyn nm 2011. - Bo co quy hoch s dng t n nm 2020, k hoch s dng t 5 nmku(2011-2010)phngTrngVng,thnhphThiNguyn,tnh Thi Nguyn ca UBND thnh ph Thi Nguyn nm 2011. -Quytnhs2967/2007/Q-UBNDngy21thng12nm2007v vic ph duyt n gi d ton sn phm, lp v iu chnh quy hoch, k hoch s dng t ti tnh Thi Nguyn. -Quytnhs18/2008/Q-UBNDngy11thng4nm2008vvic ban hnh n gi bi thng cy ci hoa mu gn lin vi t khi Nh nc thu t trn a bn tnh Thi Nguyn. -Quytnhs50/2008/Q-UBNDngy19thng9nm2008ca UBND tnh Thi Nguyn v vic ban hnh quy nh v hot ng o c v bn trn a bn tnh Thi Nguyn. -Quytnhs3033/2007/Q-UBNDngy27thng12nm2007ca UBNDtnhThiNguynvvicphduytgiccloittrnabntnh Thi Nguyn nm 2008. S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 10 -Quytnhs72/2008/Q-UBNDngy29thng12nm2008ca UBNDtnhThiNguynvvicphduytgiccloittrnabntnh Thi Nguyn nm 2009. -Quytnhs37/2009/Q-UBNDngy29thng12nm2008ca UBNDtnhThiNguynvvicphduytgiccloittrnabntnh Thi Nguyn nm 2010. -Quytnhs01/2010/Q-UBNDngy05thng01nm2010ca UBNDtnhThiNguynvvicbanhnhquynhthchinbithng,h tr v ti nh c khi Nh nc thu hi t trn a bn tnh Thi Nguyn. -Nghquyts26/2009/NQ-HNDngy22thng12nm2009ca HNDtnhThiNguynKha11khpth13vthngquachnhschbi thng,htr,tinhckhiNhncthuhittrnabntnhThi Nguyn. 1.2. KHI QUT V QUY HOCH S DNG T 1.2.1. Khi nim v quy hoch s dng t Hinnaycrtnhiukin,nhngha,khinimkhcnhauvquy hochsdngt.Mcdcrtnhiucchdintkhcnhaunhngnhn chung u cho rng quy hoch s dng t phi m bo s dng t ai hp l, tit kim, hiu qu v m bo v mt mi trng. Trc kia QHSD c hiu ch l nhng cng vic n thun nh: o v bn , sp xp li trt t s dng t. Ngy nay, quy hoch s dng t l mt hin tng kinh t - x hi c tnh cht c th. y l mt hot ng va mang tnh khoa hc, va mang tnh php l ca mt h thng cc bin php k thut, kinh t, x hi c x l bng cc phng php phn tch tng hp v sphnbhplcacciukintnhin,kinht,xhi,cnhngc trng ca tnh phn d gia cc cp vng lnh th theo quan im tip cn h thng hnh thnh cc phng n t chc li vic s dng t ai theo php lut ca Nh nc. Bn thn n c coi l cc gii php nh v c th ca t chc pht trin kinh t, x hi trn mt vng lnh th nht nh, c th l p S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 11 ng nhu cu mt bng s dng t hin ti v tng lai ca cc ngnh, cc lnh vc cng nh nhu cu sinh hot ca mi thnh vin x hi mt cch tit kim, khoa hc, hp l v c hiu qu cao. Quy hoch s dng t l mt hot ng va mang tnh k thut kinh t, va mang tnh php ch [2], [10]: - Tnh k thut ca quy hoch s dng t: t ai c o c, v thnh bn , tnh ton v thng k din tch, thit k phn chia khong tha giao cho cc mc ch s dng khc nhau. -Tnhphplcaquyhochsdngt:taicNhncgiao chocc tchc,h gianh v cnhn sdng voccmcch khcnhau. Nh nc ban hnh cc vn bn php quy iu chnh cc mi quan h t ai. Cc i tng s dng t c ngha v chp hnh nghim chnh cc ch trng chnh sch v t ai ca Nh nc. Khi giao t cho cc t chc, h gia nh, c nhn, cn xcnh r mc chcavicsdng.ylbinphpquantrngnhtnhmkhaithcmt cch trit v c hiu qu cao tim nng t. y th hin r tnh kinh t ca quy hoch s dng t. Song iu ch thc hin c khi tin hnh ng b cng vi cc bin php k thut v php ch. T , c th a ra khi nim v quy hoch s dng t nh sau: Quy hoch s dng t l mt h thng cc bin php kinh t, k thut v php ch ca Nh nc v t chc s dng t y , hp l, khoa hc v c hiu qu cao thng qua vic phn phi v ti phn phi qu t ca Nh nc, t chc s dng t nh mt t liu sn xut cng vi cc t liu sn xut khc gn lin vi t nhm nng cao hiu qu sn xut x hi, to iu kin bo v t v bo v mi trng. Tnh y : mi loi t c a vo s dng theo cc mc ch nht nh. Tnh hp l: c im tnh cht t nhin, v tr din tch ph hp vi yu cu v mc ch s dng. S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 12 Tnh khoa hc: p dng cc thnh tu khoa hc, k thut v cc bin php tin tin. Tnh hiu qu: p ng c ng b c 3 li ch v kinh t - x hi - mi trng. Nh vy, v thc cht quy hoch s dng t l mt qu trnh hnh thnh cc quyt nh nhm to iu kin a t ai vo s dng mang li li ch cao nht, thc hinng thi 2 chc nng: iu chnh cc mi quan h t ai v t chc s dng t nh t liu sn xut c bit vi mc ch nng cao hiu qu sn xut ca x hi kt hp bo v t v mi trng. [2], (Lng Vn Hinh v cs, 2000) [20]. 1.2.2. c im ca quy hoch s dng t Quyhochs dng tlmt hin tngkinh t x hi c thc tnh khngch vm,tnhcho, tnh tng hptrung vdi hn,lbphnhp thnh quan trngcah thngkhoch phttrin x hi v kinh tqucdn. Cc c im ca quy hoch s dng t c th hin nh sau [2], [10]: * Tnh tng hp Tnh tng hp ca quy hoch s dng t ch yu th hin hai mt: - i tng nghin cu ca quy hoch s dng t l khai thc, s dng, ci to v bo v ton b ti nguyn t cho nhu cu ca nn kinh t quc dn. Quy hoch s dng t cp n hai nhm t chnh l t nng nghip v t phi nng nghip. -Quyhochsdngtcpnnhiulnhvckhoahcnhkhoa hctnhin,khoahcxhi,kinht,dns,snxutnngnghip,cng nghip, mi trng sinh thi. Vi c im ny, quy hoch s dng t nhn trch nhim tng hp ton b nhu cu s dng t, iu ho cc mu thun v t ai ca cc ngnh, cc lnhvc.Xc nhviu phi phng hng, phngthc phn bs dng tphhpvimctiukinht-xhi,mbochonnkinhtqucdn pht trin n nh, bn vng v t tng trng cao. S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 13 * Tnh di hn Cn c vo cc d bo xu th bin ng di hn ca nhng yu t kinh t, x hi quan trng nh: s thay i v dn s, tin b k thut, th ho, cng nghip ho, hin i ho nng nghip, t xy dng cc k hoch trung v di hnvtchcsdngtai,raccphnghng,chnhschvbin phpctnhchinlc,tocnckhoahcchovicxydngkhochs dng t 5 nm v hng nm. Quy hoch di hn nhm p ng nhu cu v t pht trin kinh t, x hi lu di. c cu v phng thc s dng t c iu chnh tng bc cho nkhitcmctiudkin.Thi hncaquyhochsdngtc quy nh l 10 nm. * Tnh chin lc v ch o v m Victnhtrungvdihn,quyhochsdngtchdboc trccc xu th thay i phng hng, mc tiu, ccu v phn b s dng t mt cch i th ch khng th d kin c cc hnh thc v ni dung chi tit, c th ca nhng thay i . V vy, quy hoch s dng t l quy hoch mang tnh chin lc, cc ch tiu ca quy hoch mang tnh ch o v m, khi lc s dng t ca cc ngnh nh: - Phng hng, mc tiu v trng im chin lc ca vic s dng t trong vng. - Cn i tng qut nhu cu s dng t ca cc ngnh. - iu chnh c cu s dng t v phn b t ai trong vng. -Phnnhranhgiivcchnhthcqunlvicsdngttrong vng. - xut cc chnh sch, gii php t c mc tiu. -Dokhongthigiandbotngidi,chunhhngcanhiu yutkinh t, xhikhxcnh, nn tmvm,chtiuquyhoch cng khi lc ho th quy hoch cng n nh. S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 14 * Tnh chnh sch Quy hoch s dng t th hin r c tnh chnh tr v chnh sch x hi. Khixydngphngnquyhochphiquntritccchnhschvccquy nh c lin quan n t ai ca ng v Nh nc, m bo thc hin c th trn mt bng t ai cc mc tiu pht trin nn kinh t quc dn, pht trin n nh k hoch kinh t - x hi, tun th cc quy nh, cc ch tiu khng ch v dn s, t ai v mi trng. * Tnh kh bin Dostcngcanhiuyutkhdontrctheonhiuphng din khc nhau, quy hoch s dng t ch l mt trong nhng gii php nhm bin i hin trng s dng t sang trng thi mi thch hp hn cho vic pht trinkinhttrongmtgiai onnht nh.Khi xhipht trin, khoahck thut ngy cng tin b, chnh sch v tnh hnh kinh t thay i, cc d kin ca quy hoch s dng t tr nn khng cn ph hp na. vic chnh sa, b sung, hon thin quy hoch v iu chnh bin php thc hin l cn thit. iu th hin tnh kh bin ca quy hoch. Quy hoch s dng t lun l quy hoch tc ng,mtqutrnhlpilplitheochuk:Quyhoch-Thchin-quy hoch li hoc chnh l - Tip tc thc hin vi cht lng, mc hon thin v tnh thch hp ngy cng cao. * Tnh lch s x hi Lch s pht trin ca x hi chnh l lch s pht trin ca quy hoch s dng t ai. Mi hnh thi kinh t x hi u c mt phng thc sn xut x hi th hin 2 mt: Lc lng sn xut v quan h sn xut. Trong quy hoch s dng t ai, lun ny sinh quan h gia ngi v t ai cng nh quan h giangivingi.Quyhochsdngtaithhinngthilyut thc y pht trin lc lng sn xut, va l yu t thc y cc mi quan h sn xut, v vy n lun l mt b phn ca phng thc sn xut ca x hi. Tuynhin,trongxhicphnchiagiaicp,quyhochsdngt mang tnh t pht, hng ti mc tiu v li nhun ti a v nng v mt php l S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 15 (l phng tin m rng, cng c, bo v quyn t hu t, phn chia, tp trung t ai mua bn, pht canh thu t). nc ta, quy hoch s dng t ai phc v nhu cu ca ngi s dng t v quyn li ca ton x hi, gp phn tchccthayiquanhsnxutnngthn,nhmsdng,bovtv nngcaohiuqusnxutxhi.cbit,trongnnkinhtthtrng,quy hochsdngtgpphngiiquytccmuthunniticatnglich kinh t, x hi v mi trng ny sinh trong qu trnh s dng t cng nh mu thun gia cc li ch trn vi nhau (on Cng Qu v cng s, 2006) [2], [10]. 1.2.3. Tm quan trng ca quy hoch s dng t Quyhoch,khochsdngtcnghacbitquantrngkhng chchotrcmtmcholudi.Cncvocimiukintnhin, phnghng,nhimvvmctiuphttrinkinhtxhicamivng lnhth,quyhochsdngtaictinhnhnhmnhhngchocc cp, cc ngnh trn a bn lp quy hoch v k hoch s dng t ai chi tit ca mnh, xc lp s n nh v mt php l cho cng tc qun l nh nc v t ai, lm c s tin hnh giao t v u t pht trin sn xut, m bo an ninh lng thc, phc v cc nhu cu dn sinh, vn ho - x hi. Mtkhc,quyhochsdngtcnlbinphphuhiucaNhnc nhm t chc li vic s dng t ai ngmc ch, hn ch s chng cho gy lngphtai,trnhtnhtrngchuynmcchtutin,lmgimstnghim trng qu t nng, lm nghip; Ngn chn cc hin tng tiu cc dn n nhng tn tht hoc km hm sn xut, pht trin kinh t x hi v cc hu qu kh lng v tnh hnh bt n chnh tr, an ninh quc phng tng a phng, c bit l trong giai on chuyn sang nn kinh t th trng [10]. 1.2.4. Cc loi hnh quy hoch s dng t C2 loi hnhquyhochs dngt lquyhoch sdngt theo ngnh v theo lnh th. - Quy hoch s dng t ai theo lnh th bao gm: + Quy hoch tng th s dng t ai ca c nc S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 16 + Quy hoch s dng t ai cp tnh + Quy hoch s dng t ai cp huyn + Quy hoch s dng t ai cp x. - Quy hoch s dng t theo ngnh bao gm: + Quy hoch s dng t nng nghip + Quy hoch s dng t lm nghip + Quy hoch s dng t cc khu dn c nng thn + Quy hoch s dng t th + Quy hoch s dng t chuyn dng [10]. 1.2.5. Nguyn tc lp quy hoch, k hoch s dng t iu21Luttai2003quynhviclpquyhoch,khochs dng t phi m bo theo cc nguyn tc sau: 1. Ph hp vi chin lc quy hoch tng th, k hoch pht trin kinh t- x hi quc phng an ninh. 2. c lp t tng th n chi tit; quy hoch, k hoch s dng t ca cpdiphiphhpviquyhochkhochsdngtcacptrn;k hochsdngtphiphhpviquyhochsdngtccquan nh nc c thm quyn quyt nh, xt duyt. 3. Quy hoch k hoch s dng t ca cp trn phi th hin nhu cu s dng t ca cp di. 4. S dng t tit kim v c hiu qu. 5. Khai thc hp l ti nguyn thin nhin v mi trng. 6. Bo v, tn to di tch lch s danh lam thng cnh. 7. Dn ch v cng khai. 8. Quy hoch k hoch s dng t ca mi k phi c quyt nh xt duyt trong nm cui ca k trc . [3]. Theo on Cng Qu v cng s (2006) [10], cc quy lut pht trin kinh t khch quan ca phng thc sn xut x hi ch ngha l yu t quyt nh ni dungvphngphpquyhochsdngt.Nimtcchkhc,ccquylut S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 17 iu khin hot ng ca Nh nc trong lnh vc phn phi v s dng ti nguyn t. Quyn s hu Nh nc v t ai l c s b tr hp l cc ngnh, to iu kin chuyn mn ho su cc vng kinh t v l mt trong nhng iu kin quan trng nht ca bc qu t nn kinh t ngho nn lc hu ln sn xut ln x hi ch ngha. Trong qu trnh quy hoch s dng t ng vai tr quan trng. Thng qua quy hoch, Nh nc thc hin chc nng phn phi v ti phn phi qu t nhm p ng nhu cu s dng t ca cc ngnh, cc n v s dng t. Quy hoch s dng t l cng c Nh nc iu chnh cc mi quan h v tai,thitlpthchsdngtinguynt,cngcphpchxhi ch ngha. Nhnglunimcbnphnnhnhngntctrngnhtcaquy hoch s dng t chnh l nhng nguyn tc c bn sau: * Chp hnh quyn s hu Nh nc v t ai Nguyn tc ny l c s ca mi hot ng v bin php c lin quan n quyn s dng t, l nguyn tc quan trng nht trong hot ng quy hoch s dng t. N khng ch mang ngha kinh t, m l mtvn chnh tr quan trng,bivtinguyntcquchuholitngshuNh nc, ng thi l mt cn c quan trng pht trin sc sn xut, cng c v hon thin phng thc sn xut x hi ch ngha trong tt c cc ngnh, c bit l nng nghip. MttrongnhngnhimvtrngtmmngvChnhphtra trongngliphttrinnngnghiplcngcquanhtaixhich ngha, bo v tnh bt kh xm phm quyn s hu Nh nc v t ai, chp hnhtritquynshutcaNhnc.LutphpNhnctuyti nghim cm vic s dng t khng ng mc ch. Lut php bo v quyn bt kh xm phm quyn s dng t v tnh n nh ca mi n v s dng t v l c s quan trng nht pht trin sn xut. S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 18 Quy hoch s dng t cn c vai tr quan trng trong vic ngn nga cc hnhvixmphmstonvnlnhthcaccnvsdngt.Khiquy hoch s dng t, ngi ta lp nn ng ranh gii gia cc n v s dng t, gia sn xut nng nghip vi cc khu dn c, gia cc ch s dng t vi nhau, tc l xc nh vi quyn li ca mi ch s dng t. Mi ch s dng tchcquynsdngtchkhngcquynshut.Nhnccho php cc ch s dng t c 6 quyn l quyn chuyn i, chuyn nhng, tha k,thchp,chothuquynsdngtvquyngpvnut.Quyns dngtcaccchtcxcnhnbngccvnbnphplutvc Nh nc bo h. Mi thay i trong c cu n v s dng t phi c phn nh kp thi trong cc ti liu thch hp. * S dng t tit kim, bo v t v bo v thin nhin t ai c mt c im rt quan trng l nu c s dng ng v hp lthchtlngtngycngttln.Tnhchtcbitnycatihi chng ta phi ht sc ch trong vic s dng t. Mt trong nhng vn bo v t quan trng nht l ngn nga v dp tt cc qu trnh xi mn do gi v nc gy ln. Cc qu trnh xi mn c tc hi rt ln i vi sn xut nng nghip. Do hu qu ca cc qu trnh xi mn vratrilptmtmhngnmmtlngchtdinhdngkhnglb nc cun ra sng ra bin. Qu trnh xi mn tng nn t to thnh cc khe xi, lm tng tc dng chy b mt ca nc ma v lng t b cun tri s bi pgylnhintngbtcnghndngsnggystlcctrinsngln thuc vng h lu. Nnximndogigyracngmanglinhnghuqukhngnh. Nhng trnbo gyranhngcnlcbi,ctcunilp t mumtrnb mt, ph hoi hoa mu. ven bin, lc ct tn cng lng mc, ng rung, lm thayiahnh,thayicctnhchtt,edomamng,vilpcc ngun nc, ng giao thng. S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 19 Quyhochsdngtkhngchlmnhimvchngsimnmcn phi chng cc qu trnh nhim t, bo v cc yu t ca mi trng thin nhin. nhimtlmtvnngquantmcaxhi.tcthb nhim ca cht thi, nc thi, cc cht phng x, cc cht ho hc. Trong cc phng n quy hoch s dng t, cn d kin cc bin php chng nhim t mt cch c hiu qu. Bo v v ci to thm thc vt t nhin cng l mt nhim v quan trng caquyhochsdng t.Thmthcvttnhin,cbitlrngvichc nnglcschkhngkh,iutitnc,nhit,m,iutitchnccc dng sng ln. Ngoi ra l ngun cung cp nguyn liu cng nghip, cc lm sn qu. trnh lng ph, khi cp t cho cc nhu cu phi nng nghip, trong cc phngnquyhochsdngtphibtrhplcccngtrnhnhv phc v sn xut theo tinh thn ht sc tit kim t. * T chc phn phi qu t cho cc ngnh Khi phn b qu t cho cc ngnh, cn m bo nguyn tc t chc s dng ti nguyn t v li ch ca nn kinh t quc dn ni chung v tng ngnh ni ring, trong u tin cho ngnh nng nghip. Khi giao t cho cc nhu cu phi nng nghip, hu nh bao gi cng lm thay i ccu t s dng ca n v bmt t. Do , khi xy dng d n giaotcnlu hotngsnxutcacccs khngbhoctb nhhng nht.Nhngkhonh t giaochoccnhucuphi nng nghipnn lyttcha sdnghocsdngkmhiu qu trongnng nghip.Trong trnghpnuvicgiaotchonhucuphinngnghiplmchoccus dngtbthayinhiu,tchclnhthbntrongbolnthphiquy hoch li ton phn hoc tng phn cho n v s dng t . Trong trng hp giao t cho nhu cu khai thc khong sn, ngi ta phi lng trc mi hu qu c th xy ra cho cc n v b mt t v t xut cc bin php khc phc hu qu hoc gim bt nh hng xu ca n. S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 20 Ch s dng t b mt t c quyn i hi ch c giao t phi bi thngtonb nhngkhonthit hido victhuhi t vgiao gyravc nhng chi ph quy hoch li. Vic bi thng nhng khon chi ph trn cho ch b mt t l ngha v v trch nhim ca ch c giao t. * To ra nhng iu kin t chc lnh th hp l Khiquyhochsdngtcntoranhngiukintchclnhth hplthchinnhngnhimvkhochcaNhnc,caringngnh nng nghip v tng n v sn xut c th. Trn cs c th p dng cc hnh thc qun l kinh t tin tin, ng dng nhng cng ngh mi, cc tin b khoa hc k thut nhm nng cao hiu qu sn xut, hiu qu s dng t v s dng lao ng. Quy hoch s dng t phi nhm mc ch to ra nhng iu kin v t chc lnh th thc y cc n v sn xut thc hin t v vt mc k hoch Nh nc. Khi quy hoch s dng t, ngi ta d kin phng hng s dng t trong mt thi gian di. tng lai pht trin ca cc n v l cn c xy dng cc phng n thit k. Quy hoch s dng t phi c phi hp cht ch vi vic t chc cc ngnh trng trt, chn nui to ra nhng iu kin tt nht cho cc ngnh pht trin, nng cao nng sut lao ng. Khi gii quyt mi ni dung ca n quy hoch s dng t phi cn c vo yu cu t chc hp l sn xut. Vic t chc s dng hp l t ai ph thuc vo vic t chc s dng cc t liu sn xut khc v ton b qu trnh sn xut ni chung. Bn cnh , vic s dng t c nh hng n vic pht trin v b tr cc ngnh ngh, n vic t chclao ng v nngsutlaong, n hiu qu sdngcctliu snxut.Nhvy,taichcthtchcsdngngvhpltrong trng hp nu nh gn n vi vic t chc s dng ng cc t liu sn xut khc, vi t chc lao ng v qun l n v. S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 21 Quy hoch s dng t phi to ra cc iu kin p dng cc bin php kthutnngnghipmitintin.Khigiiquytnidungcaquyhochs dng t cn da trn cc hnh thc t chc lao ng tin b nht, c gii ho snxuttnghp,ngdngchiuqumymc,thitb,inkhho nng nghip. * Ph hp vi cc iu kin t nhin, kinh t, x hi ca vng lnh th Mi vng, mi n v s dng t u c nhng im khcbit v iu kin t nhin, kinh t, x hi. Nu khng tnh n iu th khng th t chc s dng hp l t ai. Quy hoch s dng t phi m bo iu kin s dng hiu qu tng tc t. t c mc tiu , cn nghin cu k cc iu kin t nhin nh: c im th nhng, c im a hnh, c im tiu kh hu, tnh cht thm thc vt t nhin v h thng thu vn. Cc c s sn xut nng nghip thng u t rt ln cho xy dng nh , cng trnh phc v i sng v sn xut, xy dng c s giao thng, thu li. Nhng cng trnh ny lin quan trc tip vi t v chng ch c khai thc ht cng sut nu v tr xy dng ca chng l hp l. Do , khi quy hoch s dng t cn phi tnh ton sao cho chng c s dng c hiu qu cao nht, ng thi cng phi tnh n c kh nng u t m rng sn xut trong tng lai. Trongscciukinkinht phiknccyutnh:Quymsn xut v chuyn mn ho, t chc sn xut, quy m v c cu ngnh, dn s, lao ng 1.2.6. Cn c lp quy hoch, k hoch s dng t Theo iu 22 Lut t ai 2003 quy nh vic lp quy hoch k hoch s dng t phi tun theo cc nguyn tc sau: 1. Chin lc, quy hoch tng th pht trin kinh t x hi, quc phng, an ninh ca c nc; quy hoch pht trin ca cc ngnh v cc a phng. 2. K hoch pht trin kinh t x hi ca Nh nc. 3. iu kin t nhin, kinh t, x hi v nhu cu ca th trng S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 22 4. Hin trng s dng t v nhu cu s dng t. 5. nh mc s dng t. 6. Tin b khoa hc v cng ngh c lin quan n vic s dng t. 7. Kt qu thc hin quy hoch s dng t k trc. [3]. 1.2.7. Ni dung ca phng n quy hoch s dng t iu 23 Lut t ai 2003 quy nh ni dung lp QHSD nh sau: 1. iu tra, nghin cu, phn tch, tng hp iu kin t nhin kinh t x hi v hin trng s dng t, nh gi tim nng t ai. 2. Xc nh phng hng mc tiu s dng t trong k quy hoch. 3. Xc nh din tch cc loi t phn b cho nhu cu pht trin kinh t- x hi- quc phng an ninh. 4. xc nh din tch t phi thu hi thc hin cc cng trnh, d n. 5.Xcnhccbinphpsdng,bov,citotvbov mi trng. 6. Gii php t chc thc hin quy hoch s dng t. [3]. 1.2.8. Thm quyn lp quy hoch, k hoch s dng t * iu 25 Lut t ai quy nh thm quyn lp quy hoch, k hoch s dng t nh sau: 1.Chnhphtchcthchinquyhoch,khochsdngtcac nc. 2.Ubannhndn tnh, thnhphtrcthuctrungngt chcthc hin vic lp quy hoch, k hoch s dng t ca a phng. 3. U ban nhn dn huyn thuc tnh t chc thc hin vic lp quy hoch k hoch s dng t ca a phng v quy hoch, k hoch s dng t ca th trn thuc huyn. U ban nhn dn huyn, qun thuc thnh ph trc thuc trung ng, U ban nhn dn th x, thnh ph thuc tnh t chc thc hin vic lp quy hoch, khochsdngtcaaphngvquyhoch,khohsdngtca cc n v hnh chnh cp di, tr trng hp quy nh ti khon 4 iu ny. S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 23 4. U ban nhn dn x khng thuc khu vc quy hoch pht trin th trong k quy hoch s dng t t chc thc hin vic lp quy hoch, k hoch s dng t ca a phng. 5. Quy hoch s dng t ca x, phng, th trn c lp chi tit gn vi tha t (sau y gi l quy hoch s dng t chi tit); trong qu trnh lp quy hoch s dng t chi tit, c quan t chc thc hin vic lp quy hoch s dng t phi ly kin ng gp ca nhn dn. K hoch s dng t ca x, phng, th trn uc lp chi tit gn lion vi tha t (sau y gi l k hoch s dng t chi tit). 6.Ubannhndncpctrchnhimtchcthchinviclpquy hoch, k hoch s dng t trnh hi ng nhn dn cng cp thng qua quy hoch, k hoch s dng t trc khi trnh C quan Nh nc c thm quyn xt duyt. 7.Quyhochsdngtphictrnhngthivikhochpht trin kinh t x hi. [3]. *iu26Lut t ai2003 quynhthmquynquytnh,xt duyt quy hoch, k hoch s dng t nh sau: 1. Quc hi quyt nh quy hoch, k hoch s dng t ca c nc do Chnh ph trnh. 2.Chnhphxtduytquyhoch,khochsdngtcactnh, thnh ph trc thuc trung ng. 3. U ban nhn dn tnh, thnh ph trc thuc trung ng xt duyt quy hoch, k hoch s dng t ca n v hnh chnh cp di trc tip. 4.Ubannhndnhuyn,thx,thnhphthuctnhsxtduytquy hoch, k hoch s dng t ca x quy nh ti khon 4 iu 25 ca Lut ny. [3]. 1.2.8.Quytrnhlpviuchnhquyhoch,khochsdngt cp x Theo quyt nh s 04 ca b Ti Nguynv Mi Trng, quy trnh lp v iu chnh QHSD, KHSD cp x nh sau: S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 24 1)Quytrnhlpquyhochsdngt,khochsdngtku cp x Trnh t trin khai lp quy hoch s dng t chi tit, k hoch s dng t chi tit k u ca x, gm 6 bc: Bc 1: Cng tc chun b; Bc 2: iu tra thu thp cc thng tin, ti liu, s liu, bn ; Bc 3: nh gi iu kin t nhin, kinh t- x hi, hin trng s dng t v tim nng t ai; Bc 4: Xy dng v la chn phng n quy hoch s dng t chi tit; Bc 5: Xy dng k hoch s dng t chi tit k u; Bc 6: Xy dng bo co thuyt minh tng hp, hon chnh ti liu quy hoch, k hoch s dng t chi tit, trnh thng qua, xt duyt v cng b quy hoch, k hoch s dng t chi tit; 2)Trnhttrinkhaiiuchnhquyhochsdngtchitit,lpk hoch s dng t chi tit k cui ca x gm 5 bc: Bc 1: Cng tc chun b; Bc 2: iu tra thu thp thng tin v nh gi b xung v iu kin t nhin, kinh t - x hi, hin trng s dng t, kt qu thc hin quy hoch, k hoch s dng t chi tit; Bc 3: Xy dng v la chn phng n iu chnh quy hoch s dng t chi tit; Bc 4: Xy dng k hoch s dng t chi tit k cui; Bc 5: Xy dng bo co thuyt minh tng hp, hon chnh ti liu iu chnhquyhochsdngtchitit,khochdngtchititkcuitrnh thng qua, xt duyt v cng b diu chnh quy hoch, k hoch chi tit k cui; 3)Trnhttrinkhailpkhochsdngtchititkcuicax trongtrnghpkhngcsiuchnhquyhochsdngtchititgm 4 bc: Bc 1: Cng tc chun b; S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 25 Bc 2: iu tra thu thp thng tin v nh gi b xung v iu kin t nhin,kinh tx hi,hintrngsdngt,ktquthchinkhochs dng t chi tit k trc; Bc 3: Xy dng k hoch s dng t chi tit k cui; Bc 4: Xy dng bo co thuet minh, hon chnh ti liu k hoch s dng t chi tit k cui, trnh thng qua, xt duyt v cng b k hoch s dng t chi tit. [8]. 1.3. TNH HNH NGHIN CU V QUY HOCH SDNG T TRN TH GII V VIT NAM 1.3.1. Tnh hnh nghin cu v quy hoch s dng t trn th gii Cng tc QHSD gn cht vi s pht trin kinh t x hi ca cc quc giatrnthgii,nhnthcsmcvaitr,tmquantrngcacngtc QHSD. V vy cng tc QHSD lun l mc tiu phn u, l nhim v ca mi quc gia ng thi n cng ng vai tr quyt nh i vimi qu trnh pht trin. Mcdc nhiuquan imkhcnhaunhng ttcu hng n mctiuchungl victchc lnhth hpl,raccbinphpbovs dng t, tit kim nhm em li hiu qu s dng cao. bt c quc gia no th quy hoch s dng t u gi mt vai tr quan trngtrongchinlcpht trin kinhtcaminc,cngtcquyhoch s dngt cccnccbit quantmthchintrtsm.Miqucgia u c cc c im ring bit khc nhau t iu kin t nhin, kinh t- x hi n cu trc b my Nh nc. Do vic quy hoch s dng t khng phi quc gia no cng ging nhau. Hin nay trn th gii c hn 200 quc gia v vng lnh th, mi quc gia v vng lnh th ny u c cc chnh sch, cng c qun l t ai khc nhau, trongquyhochsdngtlmttrongnhngcngcrtquantrng. Cng tc quy hoch s dng t c tin hnh nhiu nm trc y, Anh, Php, Nga xy dng c s l lun ca ngnh qun l t ai tng i hon chnh v ngy cng tin b. S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 26 Theo t chc Lng Nng Lin hp quc (FAO), quy hoch s dng t ai l bc k tip ca phng php nh gi t. Kt qu ca vic nh gi t saramtloihnhhplnhtivitaitrongvng.cmt phngphpchunglmcskhoahcchocngtcquyhochtaitrn phmvitonthgii,FAOaraquanimquyhochsdngtai nhmsdngtaiy,hplvchiuqu,bnvng.Phngphp quy hoch t ai ny c p dng c 3 cp l: cp quc gia, cp vng v cp a phng. [10] 1.3.1.1. Quy hoch s dng t cc nc chu u Cc nc chu u tn ti hai loi hnh quy hoch tiu biu sau: - Tin hnh quy hoch tng th kinh t x hi m bo pht trin cc mc tiumtcchhiho,saumiisuvonghincuquyhochchuyn ngnh, tiu biu cho loi hnh quy hoch ny l Anh v c. - Tin hnh quy hoch nng nghip l nn tng sau lm quy hoch c bn, lp s pht trin v phn b lc lng sn xut theo yu cu ca c ch, k hoch ho tp trung. t ai v lao ng tr thnh yu t c bn ca vn nghin cu. Tiu biu cho loi hnh quy hoch ny l Nga v mt s nc x hi ch ngha ng u trc y. * Quy hoch s dng t Lin X (c) Sau khi cuc cch mng v sn thnh cng Lin X c v cc nc ng u tin ln ch ngha x hi, mt trong nhng nhim v hng u t ra l xo b khongcchgiathnhth vnng thn.Saumtthi gianxydngpht trin theo quy hoch, i sng vn ho vt cht nng thnkhng xa cch so vithnhth.ylthctchngtllunvthctintrongvnquy hoch nng thn cc nc ny l mt thnh cng ln. TheoA.CondukhopvA.mikhalopphnthitkxydungquyhoch nng thn da trn c s iu kin t nhin v iu kin kinh t, vn ho x hi. Qu trnh thc hin quy hoch phi gii quyt mt lot cc vn sau: - Quan h gia khu dn c vi vng sn xut, khu vc canh tc. S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 27 - Quan h gia khu dn c vi giao thng bn ngoi. - H thng giao thng ni b, cc cng trnh h tng c s k thut. - Vic b tr hi ho cho tng vng khc nhau v mt a l, m bo s thng nht trong tng th kin trc. - Cc cng trnh vn ho cng cng (trng hc, trm x, sn th thao) to nn c mi rng sng trong lnh, yn tnh. - Quy hoch ca khu dn c mang nt ca th ho, gii quyt tho mn cc nhu cu ca con ngi. QuyhochnngthncaA.MikhalopvA.Condukhopthhinni dung:Mivngdnclng,x,cmttrungtmgmcccngtrnhcng cng v nh c dng ging nhau c nng trang vin. n giai on sau trong cc cng trnh quy hoch nng thn ca G.Deleur v Ikhokhon a ra s quy hoch ca vng, lnh th cc huyn gm 3 cp trung tm: - Trung tm huyn. - Trung tm th trn ca tiu vng. - Trung tm ca lng x. Trong thi k ny trn a bn nng thn ca Lin X chia cp trung tm theo quan h t trung tm huyn qua trung tm tiu vng n trung tm lng, x. QH nng thn khai thc trit mt bng tng th cc nh , khu sn xut, khu vn ho c b tr hp l theo kiu t chc quy hoch th. Nh c chia vng vi nhng l t c tng gia nh v xy dng theo h thng qun l nhnc,btrkhnggianrngritheothitkchung,khnggylnxn. y l nhng thnh cng ca Lin X trong QH nng thn.Ngoi ra, mt s nc chu u khc cn c cc phng php quy hoch mang tnh c th ring nh Bungary v mt s nc ng u cn li. nhng ncnyquyhochcphnchiathnhccvngctrnggnvibov thin nhin v mi trng. S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 28 * Quy hoch s dng t Php: Quy hoch s dng t ai c xy dng theo hnh thc m hnh ho nhm t c hiu qu kinh t cao trong vic sdngtinguynmitrngvlaong.Hcngpdngccbiton quyhochtuyntnhccutrchplnhmtnghiuqucasnphmx hi. * Quy hoch s dng t Thu in: Cng tc lp quy hoch thuc thm quyn ca chnh quyn a phng. Tuy nhin phi m bo nhng li ch quc gia v vng vo trong quy hoch, c bit i vi c s h tng v vng phi c bo v.Trongvinmgnyngidncthamgiatchccvoqutrnhquy hoch. Thyinlqucgiacsphncpmnhtrongcngtcquyhoch. Trchnhimlpquyhochlcaccquntrongcnctrongkhilpquy hoch iu chnh cc hot ng quy hoch t ai, p ng li ch quc gia v lichcngng.Ticcqunphicquyhochtngth,dilquy hoch pht trin chin lc ca cng ng v cc quy hoch pht trin chi tit. 1.3.1.2. Quy hoch s dng t cc nc chu Ti chu , c bit nhng nc ang pht trin, quy hoch tng th, quy hoch pht trin nng thn c c bit quan tm. * Quy hoch s dng t Thi Lan Trong nhng nm gn y Thi Lan c nhiu c gng ln trong xy dng QH nng thn pht trin nn kinh t, n nh x hi. Thi Lan c s u th tng i ln cho vic xy dng h thng mng li giao thng nng thn phc v sn xut, ni lin cc khu sn xut vi khu ch bin v th trng tiu th. Qu trnh QH nng thn ti cc lng x c xy dng theocc m hnh v nguyn l hin i mi. Khu dn c c b tr tp trung, trung tm lng, x l ni xy dng cc cng trnh cng cng, cc khu sn xut c b tr thun tin nm trong khu vc vng ngoi. Kt qu sau 7 ln thc hin k hoch 5 nm, Thi Lan t c s tng trng kinh t r rt, cc vng nng thn u c c s h tng v h thng giao S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 29 thng pht trin, dch v cng cng nng cao i sng nng thn c ci thin khng ngng. Ti Thi Lan, vic quy hoch s dng t c phn theo 3 cp (cp quc gia, cp vng v cp a phng). Quy hoch nhm th hin c th cc chng trnhkinht-xhicahonggiaThiLan,gnlinvivictchchnh chnh v qun l nh nc. D n pht trin ca hong gia Thi Lan xc nh vng nng thn chim mt v tr quan trng trong chnh tr Thi Lan, cc d n u tp trung vo mt s vn nh t ai, nng nghip v lao ng. * Quy hoch s dng t Philippin Philippinc3cplpQHl:Cpqucgiashnhthnhnhng phng hng ch o chung; Cp vng v cp huyn, qun s chu trch nhim trin khai cc n tc nghip. Chnh ph c vai tr quan trng trong vic thng nht cc ngnh v quan h cc cp lp QH ng thi Chnh ph cng to iu kin cc ch s dng t c th tham gia vo c vic lp QH cc cp nh chng trnh ti giao t vic thc thi cc n cng cng cc khu t dn c nhng phi m bo tun theo nhng quy nh php lut. iu cho thy Nh nccn phi thitlpmth thng phplutcht ch trongvics dngv qun l t ai. * Quy hoch s dng t Trung Quc ycngtcquyhoch tlu l vnrtcquan tmvch trng. chnh ph Trung Quc tp trung ngun vn xy dng c s h tng tun theoQH,KHSDlu di v bnvng. cbitlmngli giaothng, u tin pht trin cc c khu kinh t tun theo quy trnh QH t chuyn dng, t th vi quy trnh rt hin i v khoa hc. Chnh v vy, ngy nay Trung Quc c mt mng li giao thng, h thng th vi cc c khu kinh t pht trin rt mnh snh ngang tm vi cc cng quc c nn kinh t pht trin trn th gii. Nhvy,quanhngvnllunvthctinQHnngthnnc ngoichothyQHSDhinnayvangtrthnhmttrongnhngcng S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 30 vic khng th thiu thc y pht trin kinh t, x hi mi nc v n ang dndntngbckhngnhvtrcamnhtrongccchinlcphttrin kinh t. cc nc nh Lo v Campuchia cng tc quy hoch t ai ang tng bc hon thin v pht trin nhng mi dng li mc quy hoch tng th cc ngnh m khng tin hnh quy hoch cp nh hn nh Vit Nam. 1.3.1.3. Quy hoch s dng t cc nc chu M Ti cc nc Nam M lp n quy hoch mt bng cp quc gia, thit k vi s thamgia ca chnh quyn cp tnh, mt d n ch dn quc gia cho thy s phn b hp l ca cc khu vc s dng t ai. n quy hoch quc gia lm cn c cho chnh quyn cp tnh son tho cc n chi tit hn, vi d phi hp chnh quyn cp thit hn. Cc n quy hoch da vo iu tra thin nhin ca cp di lm c s quy hoch, sau cc nh chc trch aphngbsungchitithnchoccnvisphihpcachs dng t. -Canada,chnhphlinbangcanthipvoquyhochcptrung gian (cp bang). Hin nay, chnh ph a ra cc mc tiu chung cp quc gia ging nh ngi to iu kin thun li v khuyn khch cc hot ng lp quy hochcpbang.ngthichnhphlinbangcngnggpcckin mang tnh khoa hc v ng h v mt ti chnh c th nh vic phn tch kinh t theo vng v lp bn sinh thi c th hin cp quc gia. Ngoi ra chnh phcnc vaitrh tr c cs thamgiaca cckhuvc lin quan ccgiaionkhc nhaucaqu trnhlpquyhoch baogmccngnh cng nghip,nngnghip.Hinnay,khixydngccphngnquyhochthh c bit quan tm n vn mi trng. 1.3.2. Tnh hnh nghin cu v quy hoch s dng t Vit Nam Quy hoch s dng t ca c nc t lu c ng v Nh nc ta cbitquantmnhmqunlvsdngmtcchchiuqunngunti nguyn t ai ca t nc. Theo thi gian vic lp quy hoch s dng t S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 31 c thc hin y v chi tit hn, ph hp vi iu kin ca tng vng v tng a phng mt phn trong cng tc qun l nh nc v t ai. Nh nc banhnhnhngquynhcth,chitittrongvicthchincngtcquy hochsdngt,dotrongnhngnmquacngtcnytrnphmvic nctcnhngktqunhtnhtuyvncnkhngtnhngtnti cn khc phc. nctatinhnhlmquyhochtngthtrnphmvitonvng kinhtln,ccvngkinhttrngimvccvngnngthnnhiua phng trong c nc nh: -ChngtrnhquyhochtngthngbngsngHngdoLinHp Quc ti tr. -ChngtrnhquyhochtngthngbngsngCuLong,khuvc Ty Nguyn, khu vc duyn hi min trung di s ch tr ca b Nng nghip v pht trin nng thn do Vin quy hoch v thit k nng nghip thc hin cho thy nhng thnh cng bc u trong cng tc quy hoch tng th. Cc quy hoch tng th vng th hin r nh hng pht trin kinh t x hi ca t nc v ca tng vng trn c s khai thc c hiu qu mi tim nng ti nguyn thin nhin, cc iu kin kinh t, x hi v th mnh ca tng vng. Quy hoch tng th tng vng to iu kin n nh v nng cao i sng vt cht, tinh thn cng nh bo v mi trng sinh thi trong khu dn c. Nh c cc quy hoch c th lm nh hng m nhiu chng trnh, d n c thc hin gp phn pht trin sn xut, to cng n vic lm v tng thu nhp cho ngi dn. c s h tng v cc dch v x hi cng c u t pht trin. ThiktrckhicLuttai1993,trcnhngnm1980,quy hoch s dng t cha c coi l cng tc ca ngnh qun l t ai m ch ccpnnhlmtphncaquyhochphttrinngnhnnglm nghip. Trong cc phng n quy hoch thi k ny u cp n phng S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 32 hng s dng ti nguyn t, tuy nhin tnh kh thi thp v hiu qu khng cao do thiu cc ti liu iu tra c bn v thiu vn thc hin. T nm 1986 n nm 1991, thc hin ngh quyt i hi ng ton quc nm 1986 quyt nh xc tin cng tc iu tra c bn, lp tng s pht trin v phn b lc lng sn xut, nghin cu chin lc kinh t x hi, d tho k hoch chun b cho k hoch 5 nm ln th 4 (1986- 1990). Cc b, ngnh, cc tnh, thnh ph tham gia trin khai chng trnh lp tng s pht trin v phn b lc lng sn xut n nm 2000 trong u cp n vn s dng t ai v c tnh ton tng i c h thng cp tnh khp vi c nc, cc vng kinh t ln, cc huyn trong tnh, cc x ca huyn nn bc u nhgichintrngtimnngvaraccphnghngsdngqu t n nm 2000. Thi k ny hu ht cc qun, huyn, th x, th trn trong c nc tin hnh quy hoch tng th cp huyn, cp x. Tnm1987ntrcLuttai1993,nm1987Luttaiu tin c ban hnh v c hiu lc nm 1988 trong quy nh mt s iu v quy hoch s dng t ai, cng tc quy hoch s dng t ai c c s php l quan trng. Tuy nhin, cng tc quy hoch s dng t cng chac xc tinnhLuttaiquynh,nguynnhndonnkinhtnctaang ng trc nhng kh khn v th thch ca nn kinh t th trng, thi k ny cng cuc i mi nng thn din ra mnh m, cng tc quy hoch s dng t nilnnhmtvncpbchvcpt,giaot.ycnglthiim nhducngtctrinkhaiquyhochsdngtaicpxtrnphmvic nc. Thi kLuttai1993n nay,sauihingtonquclnth VIInm1992,Nh nctrinkhaicngtcnghincuchinlcphttrin, quy hoch tng th kinh t x hi hu ht cc tnh, thnh ph trc thuc trung ng v cc vng kinh t ln. y l thi im nh du cng tc qun l t ai i vo nn np. Thng 7/1993, Lut t ai 1993 c ban hnh quy nh c th y hn, khc phc nhng im cn thiu st trong Lut t ai 1988. S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 33 ngvNhncnhnthccrvaitrvtmquantrngcaquy hoch, k hoch s dng t ai. Quy hoch s dng t ai c thc hin thimtimtsaphnglmcncthngnhtmtsquytrnh thnh lp quy hoch s dng t di s ch o ca Tng cc a chnh. Theo bococngtcquyhoch,khochsdngtaicaBTinguynv Mi trng nm 2003, nm 1994chnh ph trin khai xy dng quy hoch, k hoch s dng t ca c nc n nm 2010 v c Quc hi thng qua k hoch s dng t 5 nm [17]. Cngvibocoquyhochsdngtcacnc,chonnayhu ht cc tnh, thnh ph trc thuc trung ng c th tng chnh ph ph duytquyhochsdngtnnm2010,khochsdngt5nmv hng nm. Sau khi Lut t ai 2003 c quc hi thng qua ngy 26/11/2003 v chnh thc c hiu lc thi hnh ngy 1/7/2004, cng tc qun l nh nc v t ai ngy cng i vo nn np hn trong c cng tc quy hoch s dng t. TrongLuttai2003quynhrvquyhoch,khochsdngtai cacccp,ivikquyhochl10nmvkkhochsdngtl5 nm mt ln gn vi k kim k t ai phc v cho vic qun l quy hoch, k hoch s dng t c tt hn. i vi quy hoch s dng t cp tnh, c 64/64 tnh, thnh ph trc thuc trung ng hon thnh quy hoch s dng t n nm 2010 c Th tng chnh ph ph duyt. Quyhochsdngtaicphuyn:c369huyn,qun,thx, thnh ph trc thuc tnh hon thnh lp quy hoch s dng t chim 59,1% s nvcphuyn,trongchyutptrunglpquyhochsdngtcc huyncnquyhochsdngtthcahuhtcctnh,thnhphcha lp. Quy hoch s dng t cp x, c 3.579 x, phng, th trn ca 36 tnh, thnhphtrcthuctrungnghonthnhquyhochsdngtchim S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 34 34,2%snvcpx,903x,phng,thtrnkhcca25tnh,thnhph ang trin khai chim 8,6% s n v cp x [10]. Tnhngnm60khiphongtrohptchonngnghipphttrin min Bc, cng tc QHSD bt u c ch xy dng v trin khai nht l ivikhuvcnngthn.LcucngtcQHcnmchnchdoVin Quy hoch thvNng thn B Xy dng thc hin, n nhng nm 80 cng tc QH pht trin mnh v rng khp c nc. Cthchiacng tcnghincuvquyhoch sdngtncta t trc ti nay thnh 3 giai on sau: * Nghin cu quy hoch s dng t trong nc giai on 1960-1970 Cng tc QH ly hp tc x lm i tng phc v ch yu theo phng chm phc v sn xut nng nghip, phc v i sng nhn dn lao ng, phc v phong tro hp tc ho. Trong QH chn ra nhng x c phong tro hp tc ho mnh thit k xy dng QH mi, tin hnh m rng QH. Ni dung QH thi k ny th hin: -Thitkxydngmicskinhtkthutphcvsnxuttheo hng hp tc ho. - QH khuyn khch khai khn m rng din tch t sn xut. - QH ci to lng, x di chuyn mt s xm nh, gii phng ng rung, acgiivocanhtc,xydngcccngtrnhsnxutvbtrcccng trnh cng cng cho trung tm x. - Ci thin i sng xy dng nh , sp xp cc l t ngn np, trt t, ci to ng lng, ng xm. * Nghin cu quy hoch s dng t trong nc giai on 1970-1988 ThchinnghquytcaihinglnthIVvV,tngcngt chc li sn xut, phn cng lao ng v c cu kinh t cng nng nghip, tp trungphttrinnngnghip,coinngnghiplmttrnhngu,anng nghipmtbclnsnxutln.CcB,Ngnhvcctnh,thnhph S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 35 tham gia trin khai chng trnh lp tng s pht trin v phn blc lng sn xut Vit Nam n nm 2000. Trong giai on ny ni dung QH c da trn c s pht trin sn xut nng - lm - ng nghip v tiu th cng nghip. - Tin hnh b tr h thng cng trnh phc v sn xut 3 cp: Huyn, tiu vng, cm kinh t v x - Hp tc x. - Ci to mng li dn c theo hng tp trung v t chc tt i sng nhn dn. -QHxydnghthngcngtrnhcngcngvphcvsnxutca huyn, tiu vng v x nh. H thng giao thng, cp in, cp thot nc. Nhnchung,tronggiaionnycngtcQHctrinkhairng khp, gp phn tch cc vo vic xy dng c s vt cht k thut cho vng QH, nng cao iu kin n , sinh hot cho i sng nhn dn. tuy nhin QH trong giai on ny cha bm st tnh hnh thc t pht trin sn xut v pht trio x hi. Cc n QH cn cng nhc, d n QH tp trung ch yu cc im dn c qu ln. * Nghin cu quy hoch s dng t trong nc giai on t nm 1988 n nay Thi k ny nc ta c nhiu chuyn bin ln trn con ng i mi t nn kinh t tp trung sang nn kinh t nhiu thnh phn. iu c nhng tc nglnncngtcqunlvQHSD.SaukhiLuttaisainm 19931998vnaylLuttai2003thicngtcQHSDtrthnh1 trong 13 ni dung ca qun l nh nc v t ai. - T nm 1987 n trc Lut t ai nm 1993, nm 1987 Lut t ai u tin ca nc Vit Nam ta ban hnh, cng tc QHSD c c s php l quan trng. Tuy nhin cng tc QHSD cng cha c xc tin nh Lut t ai quy nh. Nguyn nhn l do nn kinh t ca t nc ta ang ng trc nhng kh khn, th thch ca nn kinh t th trng. Tuy vy, thi k ny cng cuc i mi nng thn din ra su sc, cng tc QHSD cp x ni ln nh S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 36 mtvncpbchvgiaot,cpt.ycnglmcutinnhdu cng tc trin khai QHSD cp x trn phm vi c nc. - u nm 1994: Tng cc a chnh trin khai xy dng QHSD ai ton quc n nm 2010. ng thi xy dng k hoch s dng t ai c nc giai on 1996 -2000 theo ngh quyt s 01/1997/QH9. -Ngy12/10/1998TngccachnhraCng vn s 1814/CV-TCC vvicQH,KHSDcngvicchngdnkmtheovcngtcQH, KHSD -Ngy01/10/2001ChnhphbanhnhNghnh68/NCPcaChnh ph v vic trin khai lp QH. KHSD 4 cp hnh chnh. - Ngy 01/11/2001 Tng cc a chnh ban hnh Thng t 1842/2002/TT-TCC km theo quyt nh s 424a v 424b. - Ngy 14/02/2001 Tng cc a chnh ban hnh Thng t 2074/2001/TT-TCChngdnccaphngthchinQH,KHSDtheoNghnh 68/N-CP. - Ngy 01/07/2004 Lut t ai 2003 chnh thc c hiu lc. Lut ghi r Quy hoch, k hoch s dng t l 1 trong 13 ni dung qun l Nh nc v tai.Tmc2iu21niu30Luttai2003quynhcthv cng tc QH, KHSD. -Ngy09/02/2004ThtngChnhphbanhnhChths 05/2004/CT-TTg v vic thi hnh Lut t ai 2003. - Ngy 29/10/2004 Chnh ph ban hnh Ngh nh s 181/2004/N-CP v hng dn thi hnh Lut t ai 2003. -Ngy11/04/2004BTN&MTbanhnhThngts30/2004/TT-BTNMT v vic hng dn lp, iu chnh, thm nh QH, KHSD. Cng vi bo co QHSD ca c nc, n nay hu ht cc tnh, thnh ph troc thuc Trung ng c Chnh ph ph duyt QHSD n nm 2010, KHSD 5 nm v hng nm. S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 37 + i vi QHSD cp tnh 60/64 tnh, thnh ph trc thuc trung ng hon thnh vic lp QHSD n nm 2010 c Chnh ph ph duyt. +QHSDcphuync369huyn,qun,thx,thnhphthuctnh, thnh ph trc thuc trung ng hon thnh QHSD. + QHSD cp x c 3597 x, phng, th trn ca 36 tnh, thnh ph trc thuc trung ng hon thnh QHSD ca 903 x , phng, th trn khc ca 25 tnh, thnh ph ang trin khai. 1.3.3. Tnh hnh quy hoch s dng t ai ca tnh Thi Nguyn L mt tnh thuc vng trung du bc b, kinh t ch yu l sn xut nng lm nghip, h tng c s th thp km, i sng nhn dn kh khn. Nhng sau khi ti lp tnh, Tnh u, HND, UBND tnh Thi Nguyn xc nh cng tc QH, KHSD c vai tr rt quan trng trong s nghip pht trin kinh t- x hi. Chnhvth,UBNDtnhThiNguynchtrngchocccpkhn trngtinhnhQH,KHSDphnnh,xcnhqutaunhmphc v mc tiu pht trin kinh t v x hi. Ngy04/05/2007Chnhphraquytnh58/2007/Q-TTgvvic phduytquyhochtngthphttrinkinht-xhitnhThiNguynn nm 2020. Theo k hoch n nm 2020 nng cp thnh ph Thi Nguyn thnh thloiItngxngvivaitrtrungtmcatnh,cavngtrungduv min ni Bc B, nng cp th x Sng Cng thnh th loi III vo nm 2015. Dnsthttrn570nghnngivonm2020,hthngthThi Nguynphttrintheohnglycngnghipvdchvlmnntngvh thng th hin ti lm ht nhn v mt khng gian, h thng th pht trin theo hai chiu bm theo hai trc Quc l 3 v Quc l 1B, ly thnh ph Thi Nguyn lm trung tm. Quyhochvngnicao(gmhuynVNhai,huynnhHo,Bc huyn i T v Bc huyn Ph Lng) u tin pht trin kt cu h tng kinh t x hi, ngnh ngnh ngh nng thn, pht trin mnh cy cng nghip, cy nquvchnnuiigiasc,lmnghipvcngnghipchbinlm S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 38 nghip. Quy hoch vng thp,i cao (gm: huyn ng H,Nam huyn Ph LngvNamhuyniT)cngc,nngcp,honthintngbch thngktcuhtngnngthn,phttrinccloicyrau,ch,cynqu cungcpchokhucngnghip,th,phttrinchnnuiigiasc,y mnh kinh t trang tri, pht trin cng nghip ch bin. Quy hoch vng i g vtrungtm(gmhuynPhBnh,huynPhYn,thxSngCng,thnh phThiNguynvmtsxcahuynngH,huynPhLunggip thnh ph Thi Nguyn) tip tc u t, nng cp cng c kt cu h tng phc v sn xut nh h thng giao thng, cng trnh thu li, h thng trm, tri, k thut nng, lm nghip, hnh thnh cc khu cng nghip tp trung dc Quc l 3 vQuc l 1B, pht trin dulch,h thngdchv dcQuc l 3 niHNi vi Thi Nguyn.Dovicxcnhnhucusdngtphcvphttrinth,cng nghip, dch v, giao thng hp l pht huy li th v tr a l, pht trin kinh t x hi. n nay tnh Thi Nguyn c bn hon thnh vic lp quy hoch thcho thnh phThiNguynvth xSngCng,hnhthnhcc khucngnghiplntptrung,xydngmrngccconnggiaothng huyt mch m bo cho i li, sn xut ca ngi dn ng thi pht trin kinh t x hi. S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 39 Phn 2 I TNG, NI DUNG V PHNG PHP NGHIN CU 2.1. I TNG V PHM VI NGHIN CU * i tng nghin cu: ti nghin cu trn i tng l phng n quy hoch s dng t giai on 2006-2010 ca 5 phng loi 1 thuc khu vc trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn; * Phm vi nghin cu: ti nghin cu trong cc phm vi sau: - Phm vi v khng gian: ti nghin cu trong phm vi a gii hnh chnhca5phngtrungtmthnhphThiNguyn,l:TrngVng, Hong Vn Th, Phan nh Phng, Quang Trung v ng Quang; - Phm vi v ni dung: Cc ch tiu v qun l quy hoch; cc ch tiu v thc hin quy hoch theo cc loi t v theo cc phng; cc ch tiu v hiu qu ca vic thc hin phng n quy hoch s dng t. 2.2. THI GIAN V A IM NGHIN CU * Thi gian nghin cu: ti c tin hnh t thng 7 nm 2010 n thng 10 nm 2011. * a im nghin cu: ti nghin cu ti thnh ph Thi Nguyn 2.3. NI DUNG NGHIN CU CA TI ti d kin tin hnh nghin cu 4 ni dung sau: Ni dung 1. nh gi iu kin t nhin, kinh t - x hi ca khu vc 5phngtrungtmthnhphThiNguyntrongthikthchin phng n quy hoch s dng t 1.1. iukintnhincakhuvc5phngtrungtmthnhph Thi Nguyn - V tr a l;- a hnh, a mo;- Kh hu; - Thu vn; S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 40 - Cc ngun ti nguyn 1.2. Thc trng pht trin kinh t - x hi ca khu vc 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn -Thctrngthunhpcakhuvc5phngtrungtmthnhphThi Nguyn - Thc trng v dn s v mt dn s ca khu vc 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn Ni dung 2. nh gi tnh hnh qun l v hin trng s dng t ca khuvc5phngtrungtmthnhphThiNguyntrongthikthc hin phng n quy hoch s dng t 2.1.nhgitnhhnhqunltaicakhuvc5phngtrung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn* Hin trng cn b a chnh 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn - S lng - Trnh bng cp - Trnh chuyn mn * S lc v thc trng cng tc qun l t ai ca khu vc 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn - Cng tc ban hnh cc vn bn quy phm php lut v qun l, s dng t ai v t chc thc hin cc vn bn ; - Cng tc xc nh a gii hnh chnh, lp v qun l h s a gii hnh chnh, lp bn hnh chnh; - Cng tc kho st, o c, nh gi, phn hng t; lp bn a chnh, bn hin trng s dng t v bn quy hoch s dng t; - Cng tc qun l quy hoch, k hoch s dng t;- cng tc qun l vic giao t, cho thu t, thu hi t, chuyn mc ch s dng t; - Cng tc ng k quyn s dng t, lp v qun l h s a chnh, cp giy chng nhn quyn s dng t; S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 41 - Cng tc thng k, kim k t ai;- Cng tc qun l ti chnh v t ai; - Cng tc qun l th trng bt ng sn; - Cng tc qun l gim st vic thc hin quyn v ngha v ca ngi s dng t; - Cng tc thanh tra, kim tra vic chp hnh cc quy nh ca php lut v t ai v x l vi phm php lut v t ai; - Cng tc gii quyt tranh chp v t ai; gii quyt khiu ni, t co cc vi phm trong vic qun l v s dng t ai; - Cng tc qun l cc hot ng dch v cng v t ai. 2.2.Hintrngsdngtcakhuvc5phngtrungtmthnh ph Thi Nguyn- Hin trang nhm t nng nghip; - Hin trng nhm t phi nng nghip;- Hin trng nhm t cha s dng. Nidung3.nhgiktquthchinquyhochsdngt giaion2006-2010cakhuvc5phngtrungtmthnhphThi Nguyn theo s liu th cp 3.1. nh gi kt qu thc hin quy hoch s dng t ca khu vc 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 theo loi t -nh gi kt qu thc hin quy hoch s dng t nng nghip ca khu vc 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 -nhgiktquthchinquyhochsdngtphinngnghip cakhuvc5phngtrungtmthnhphThiNguyngiaion2006-2010 3.2. nh gi kt qu thc hin quy hoch s dng t ca khu vc 5 phngtrungtmthnhphThiNguyngiaion2006-2010theonv hnh chnh S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 42 - nh gi kt qu thc hin quy hoch s dng t ca phng Trng Vng, thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 -nhgiktquthchinquyhochsdngtcaphng Hong Vn Th, thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 - nh gi kt qu thc hin quy hoch s dng t ca phng Phan nh Phng, thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 -nhgiktquthchinquyhochsdngtcaphng Quang Trung, thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 - nh gi kt qu thc hin quy hoch s dng t ca phng ng Quang, thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 3.3. nh gi chung kt qu thc hin quy hoch s dng t giai on 2006-2010 ca khu vc 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn theo cc ch tiu bnh qun v t/ngi Ni dung 4. nh gitnh hnh qun l v thc hin quy hoch s dngtgiaion2006-2010cakhuvc5phngtrungtmthnh ph Thi Nguyn theo s liu s cp 4.1. nh gicngtcqunlquyhoch,khochsdngtca khu vc 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 - nh gi vic cng khai quy hoch theo phiu iu tra -nhgivickimtra,gimstthchinquyhochtheophiu iu tra 4.2.nhgivicthchinquyhochsdngtcakhuvc5 phngtrungtmthnhphThiNguyn giaion2006-2010 theo nhm i tng iu tra 4.3.nhgivicthchinquyhochsdngtcakhuvc5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 theo a bn iu tra 4.4. nhgivicthchinquyhochsdngtgiaion2006-2010 chung cho c khu vc 5 phng trung tm theo phiu iu tra S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 43 Cc ni dung 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 u s nh gi theo cc ch tiu sau: - Tnh hp l ca vic chuyn mc ch khi thc hin quy hoch - Kt qu thc hin so vi quy hoch t ra - n gi bi thng, h tr thu hi t khi thc hin quy hoch - Chnh sch ti nh c khi thu hi t thc hin quy hoch - nh hng ca quy hoch n cc vn kinh t, x hi v mi trng Ni dung 5. Nhng tn ti v gii php khc phc nh m nng cao hiu qu qun l v th c hin quy hoa ch sdu ng t giai on2006-2010cakhu vc 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn 5.1. Nhng kh khn, tn ti trong vic qun l v thc hin quy hoa ch sdu ng t giai on2006-2010 ca khu vc 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn - Nhng kh khn trong vic qun l v thc hin phng n quy hoch sdngtgiaion2006-2010cakhuvc5phngtrungtmthnhph Thi Nguyn - Nhng tn ti trong vic qun l v thc hin phng n quy hoch s dng t giai on 2006-2010 ca khu vc 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn 5.2. Nhng gii php khc phc nh m nng cao hiu qu qun l v th c hin quy hoa ch sdu ng t giai on2011-2020 ca khu vc 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi- Gii php v chnh sch. - Gii php v ngun ti chnh - Gii php v khoa hc cng ngh - Gii php v t chc thc hin 2.4. PHNG PHP NGHIN CU CA TI 2.4.1. Phng php thu thp s liu * Phng php thu thp s liu th cp iu tra, thu thp cc s liu, ti liu, bn c lin quan n iu kin t S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 44 nhin,kinhtxhi,hintrngsdngt,ktquthchinquyhochs dng t v cc ti liu, s liu khc c lin quan n nh gi kt qu thc hin quyhochsdngtcaccphngkhuvctrungtmthnhphThi Nguyn t cc c qua hu quan nh: Phng Ti nguyn v Mi trng, Phng Ti chnh - K hoch, Phng Thng k, Ban Bi thng gii phng mt bng thnh ph Thi Nguyn; y ban nhn dn 5 phng loi 1 ca thnh ph Thi Nguyn. * Phng php thu thp s liu s cp -iutrattc5phngloi1khuvctrungtmthnhphThi Nguyn, mi n v iu tra3 nhm l:+ Nhm 1: Cn b qun l t ai, gm: lnh o cc phng, cn b a chnhcc phng, t trng cc t dn ph (ly ngu nhin mi phng 10 t trng).+Nhm2:Ngidnbthuhittrongcckhuquyhoch(lyngu nhin mi phng 10 ch h) + Nhm 3: Ngi dn khng b thu hi t trong cc khu quy hoch (ly ngu nhin mi phng 10 ch h) Nh vy, mi nhm iu tra t nht 30 ngi. - Phng vn nhng ngi c trch nhim v qun l quy hoch, gim st quy hoch, trin khai thc hin quy hoch a phng. Qua tm hiu nhng mt c v cha c cng nh nhng nguyn nhn, gii php khc phc cho nhng tn ti cng tc trin khai thc hin quy hoch. * Phng php chuyn gia Tranhththamvnkincanhngchuyngiacnhiukinhnghim trong lnh vc lp quy hoch, qun l quy hoch v gim st quy hoch trao i v cch nhn nhn, nh gi cng nh nhng gi xut v gii php. 2.4.2. Phng php tng hp, x l, nh gi v phn tch s liu * Phng php thng k v phn tch s liu: Trn c s cc s liu, ti liu thu thp c, tin hnh phn nhm, thng k din tch, cng trnh, d n S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 45 thc hin theo quy hoch, hoccha thc hin theo quy hoch; tng hp phn tch cc yu t tc ng n kt qu trin khai thc hin phng n quy hoch s dng t. * Phng php minh ha bng biu, bn : Thc trng s dng t v ktquthchinquyhochsdngtsctrnhbydidngnhng biu v bn minh ha. * Phng php chng xp bn : Chng xp bn quy hoch s dng t vi bn hin trng s dng t xc nh nhng yu t bin ng (thay i) theo quy hoch hoc pht sinh ngoi quy hoch. S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 46 Phn 3 KT QU V THO LUN 3.1. IU KIN T NHIN, KINH T - X HI CA KHU VC 5 PHNG TRUNG TM THNH PH THI NGUYN 3.1.1. iu kin t nhin ca khu vc 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn * V tr a l: Thnh ph Thi Nguyn l trung tm kinh t, chnh tr, vn ha, x hi ca tnh Thi Nguyn, c ta a l t 210 n 22027 v Bc v 105025n 106014 kinh ng,nmcchtrungtmHNi 80kmv pha ng Bc, c danh gii tip gip nh sau: - Pha Bc gip huyn i T, huyn Ph Lng v huyn ng H - Pha Nam gip huyn Ph Yn v th x Sng Cng - Pha ng gip huyn Ph Bnh v huyn ng H - Pha Ty gip huyn Ph Yn v huyn i T Trong , phng Trng Vng, phng Hong Vn Th, phng Phan nh Phng, phng Quang Trung v phng ng Quang(sau y gi l khu vc 5 phng trung tm) l 5 phng trung tm nht thnh ph Thi Nguyn c v tr ht sc trung tm v mt kinh t, chnh tr, vn ha, x hi ca thnh ph. Khu vc nm phng trung tm ny c danh gii nh sau: - Pha Bc gip x ng Bm v phng Quang Vinh - Pha Nam gip phng Gia Sng v phng Tn Lp - Pha ng gip phng Tc Duyn - Pha Ty gip phng Tn Thnh v x Quyt Thng * a hnh, a mo: Thnh ph Thi Nguyn c a hnh kh phong ph. Khu vc trung tm thnh ph v pha ng c a hnh bng phng. Khu vc pha Ty, pha Bc v pha Nam c a hnh i bt p. S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 47 Khuvcccphngtrungtmcahnhtngibngphng, caotrungbnht20-30msovimtncbin.HngdctBc xung Nam, t ng bc xung Ty nam. Nhn chung, a hnh ca khu va ccphngtrungtmrtthunlichoxydngcshtng,phttrin th. * Kh hu: Thnh ph Thi Nguyn v khu vc cc phng trung tm c kh hu nhit i gi ma nng m, mang c trng ca kh hu min Bc nc ta. Trong 1 nm c bn ma r rt: xun - h - thu - ng. - Nhit trung bnh trong nm t 22 - 230C. C s chnh lch nhit gia ngy v m khong 2- 50C. Nhit trung bnh thng cao nht 27,700C v trung bnh thng thp nht 160C.- S gi nng trong nm t 1.600 1.700 gi. Thng 5; 6; 7; 8 c s gi nng cao nht (t 170 200 gi) v thng 2; 3 c s gi nng thp nht (t 40 - 50 gi). -Lngmatrungbnhnml1.764mm,tptrungchyuvoma ma (thng 6, 7, 8, 9) chim 85% lng ma c nm, trong thng 7; 8 c s ngy ma nhiu nht.- m trung bnh t khong 82%, nhn chung khng n nh v c s binthintheoma,caonhtvothng7;8lnn86-87%,thpnhtvo thng 3 l 70%.*Thyvn:Trnabnthnhphnichungvkhuvcccphng trung tm ni ring c sng Cu vi chiu di on chy qua khu vc trung tm (stviphngTrngVngvphngHongVnTh)dikhong1km. Sng Cu ngoi vai tr cung cp nc, cn c ngha quan trng trong iu ho mi trng sinh thi v to cnh quan khu vc.* Tinguynt:ThnhphThiNguync18,9nghnha,trong nhiunhtltferalitxm(hn7nghnha,chimhn40%dintcht nhin).Khuvc5phngtrungtmvitngdintchtnhinl834,41ha, S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 48 chim4,4%tngdintchtnhincathnhph.Nmphngtrungtm thnh ph hu ht l cc phng c din tch t nhin nh nht thnh ph, ch t 102 n 270 ha. 3.1.2.Thctrngphttrinkinht-xhicakhuvc5phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn * Thctrngthu nhpcakhuvc5phngtrungtmthnhph Thi Nguyn Bng 3.1. Thc trng thu ngn sch ca 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 VT: Triu ng Phng200620082010 2010 so vi 2006 (%) Trng Vng4.8815.4816.029123,52 Hong Vn Th6.6588.5909.849147,92 Phan nh Phng7411.8343.055406,78 Quang Trung6.8547.1627.539110,01 ng Quang1.5872.8533.925247,32 Tng20.72125.92030.397146,70 Ngun: [21], [22], ..., [34], [35] Sliubng4.1chothythctrngthungnschca5phngtrung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006 2010 u tng. Ngun ngn sch tngtrongccnmnychngtnnkinhtca5phngtrungtmpht trin hn so vi nhng nm k trc . Ngun ngn sch ny c thu t cc khon thu mang tnh cht thu v c mt phn ln tin thu c do cho u thu cc khu t nn. Trong5phngkhuvctrungtmthnhphThiNguyntathyt 2006n2010thungnschtngtrungbnh46,7%.Trong,phngPhan nhPhngtngnhiunht,tihn300%(t741triuln3.055triu);iu nyldotronggiaion2006-2010phngPhannhPhnguginhiu S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 49 khu t . Phng Quang Trung tuy c nhiu tim nng nhng trong giai on 2006-2010 khng u gi khu t no nn thu ngn sch tng t nht, ch tng 10% (t 6.854 triu ln 7.539 triu). * Thc trng v dn s v mt dn s ca khu vc 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn Bng 3.2. Dn s 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyngiai on 2006 - 2010 Phng200620082010 2010 so vi 2005 (%) Mt 2010 (ngi/km2) Trng Vng6.6386.7877.022105,786.822 Hong Vn Th15.66916.36817.077108,9910.721 Phan nh Phng14.18514.30514.347101,145.294 Quang Trung19.57120.76922.383114,3711.122 ng Quang7.7487.8567.977102,965.336 Tng/Trung bnh63.81166.08568.806107,837.791 Ngun: [21], [22], ..., [34], [35] Mt (nghn ngi/km2)024681012Trng Vng Hong Vn Th Phan nhPhngQuang Trung ng Quangn v hnh chnh6.8225.92410.72111.1225.336 S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 50 Hnh 3.1. Hin trng mt dn s ca khu vc 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn Bng 3.2 v hnh 3.1 th hin dn s v mt dn s ca 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006 n 2010:- Phng Trng Vng: Dn s ca phng qua thng k nm 2010 tng 105,76 % so vi nm 2005, vi mt 6.822 ngi /km2. Ta thy rng phng Trng Vng l phng c dn s tng khng ng k t nm 2006 2010. - Phng Hong Vn Th: Phng Hong Vn Th l mt phng c dn s tng i ng vi tng s dn nm 2010 l 17.077 ngi, tng 108,99 % so vi nm 2005, vi mt 10.272 ngi/km2. - Phng Phan nh Phng: Phng Phan nh Phng l mt phng c dn s ng v kh n nh t nm 2006 n 2010 hu nh khng c s thay i vmtktcuthnhphndns.Nm2010dnsphngl14.347ngi tng 101,34 so vi nm 2005, vi mt trung bnh l 5.294 ngi/km2. -PhngQuangTrung:PhngQuangTrunglmtphngcdns ng v mt dn s ln, t l gia tng dn s ca phng rt nhanh. Trong 5 nmt2006n2010dnsphngtng2.812ngi.Vimtdns trung bnh 11.122 ngi/km2. -PhngngQuang:PhngngQuang l phngcdn s trung bnh v tng i n nh. Nm 2010 dn s phng l 7.977 ngi vi mt 5.336 ngi/km2, tng 102,96 % so vi nm 2005. Quabng4.2trntathyrngdnsca5phngcngtngin nh. Trong phng Hong Vn Th l phng c dn s ng nht 17.077 ngi. phng Trng Vng l phng c dn s t nht 7.022 ngi. Trong 5 phngc2phngdnsnnhnhthunhkhngcbinngl phngPhannhPhngvphngngQuang.Tlgiatngdnsnh hng rt ln ti tnh hnh pht trin kinh t ca a phng nht l trong thi i ngynay,dnstngsko theonhucu vt,viclm,gio dc trong khi t ai ngy cng khan him. V vy s gia tng dn s nhanh cng S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 51 lmtvnbongtrongthicuckinhtthtrngngynaycnphi c quan tm v kim sot. * Hin trng cc ch tiu v t/ngi ca khu vc 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn Bng 3.3. Hin trng bnh qun cc ch tiu v t ca 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn PhngDin tch t nhin (ha) t nng nghip/ngi (m2) t /ngi (m2) t phi NN khng phi t /ngi (m2) DT t nhin/ngi (m2) Trng Vng102,984,5632,97107,79146,65 Hong Vn Th159,288,2741,3442,4493,27 Phan nh Phng270,275,4597,0185,04188,38 Quang Trung201,1421,7529,2837,4889,86 ng Quang149,5059,0958,3869,35187,41 Tng/Trung bnh 883,1717,5950,1759,54128,43 [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41] Bng3.3thhinbnhqunccchtiuvtcakhuvc5phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn nm 2010: Thng qua bng bnh qun cc ch tiu v t ca khu vc 5 phng ta thy c tnh hnh phn b v s dng cc loi t ca 5 phng qua o nh gi xem nh vy hp l hay cha hp l. - Din tch t t nhin/ngi: Trong 5 phng th c phng Phan nh Phng vi 270,27 ha v phng Quang Trung vi 201,14 ha, l 2 phng c dintchtnhinlnnht,phngTrngVnglphngcdintcht nhin nh nht 102,89 ha. Tuy nhin, bnh qun din tch t nhin/ngi mi l ch tiu quan trng; do gn cc trng i hc, mt dn rt cao nn ch tiu nyphngQuangTrungvPhngHongVnThlrtnh,tngng ch t 89,86 v 93,27m2/ngi. Nh vy, hai phng ny li cng cn phi s dngtchiuquhnna.PhngPhannhPhngtuydns khng S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 52 (hn 14 nghn ngi) nhng do din tch t nhin ln nht nn ch tiu ny cao nht, ti 188,38 m2/ngi - t nng nghip/ngi: y l khu vc trung tm nht thnh ph Thi Nguynnnchtiunyrtthp.Sliubng4.3chothyTrngVng, Hong Vn Th v Phan nh Phng l 3 phng m bnh qun t nng nghip cnrttchtgn5nhn8m2/ngi.QuangTrungvngQuangcn tng ng l gn 28 v hn 59 m2/ngi. - t /ngi: Quang trung l phng c mt dn s cao nht nn bnh qun t thp nht, ch t 29,28 m2/ngi. Phan nh Phng c din tch t nhin ln nht nn bnh qun ch tiu ny cao nht, t 97,01 m2/ngi. -tphinngnghip:Ngclivichtiutnngnghip/ngi,5 phng l l khu vc trung tm nht thnh ph Thi Nguyn nn ch tiu t phi nngnghip/ngiscao.Quabng4.3chothytphinngnghipca phngTrngVngllnnhtvi107,79m2/ngi.iunyldoTrng Vng l phng c khu hnh chnh tnh v thnh ph nm trn a bn. Quang TrungvHongVnThl2phngcchtiunynhnht,tngngl 37,48 v 42,44 m2/ngi. 3.2. TNH HNH QUN L V HIN TRNG S DNG T CA KHU VC 5 PHNG TRUNG TM THNH PH THI NGUYN 3.2.1.Tnhhnhqunltaicakhuvc5phngtrungtm thnh ph Thi Nguyn3.2.1.1.Hintrngcnbachnh5phngtrungtmthnhph Thi Nguyn Bng 3.4. Hin trng cn b a chnh 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn n vV trnh V chuyn mn > i hcCao ng, trung cpQLKhc Trng Vng2020 S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 53 Hong Vn Th2020 Phan nh Phng2020 Quang Trung2020 ng Quang2020 Tng100100 (Ngun: S liu iu tra) Sliubng3.4chothykhuvc5phngtrungtmthnhphThi Nguyn u c 2 cn b a chnh trnh i hc, c o to ng chuyn mn qun l t ai/phng. Ngoi ra, nhng lc c nhiu cng vic th phng cn k hp ng thm ngi lm cng tc qun l t ai.y l mt iu kin gp phn cho cc phng ny thc hin tt quy hoch s dng t. 3.2.1.2. Slcvthctrngcngtcqunltaicakhuvc5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn * Tchcthchinccvnbnquyphmphplutvqunl,s dngt ai: Sau khi Lut t ai nm2003 v cc vn bn di lut c hiu lc, UBND thnh ph Thi Nguyn ni chung v UBND khu vc 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn t chc trin khai m cc lp tp hun cho cn b v tuyn truyn cho nhn dn, dn a cng tc qun l t ai i vo nn np.* Xcnhagiihnhchnh,lpvqunlhsagiihnh chnh, lp bn hnh chnh: n nay a gii hnh chnh gia cc phng/x trong thnh ph Thi Nguyn vi cc n v gip ranh c xc nh bi cc mc gii c nh trn thc a v u c chuyn v ln bn . Bn cnh , vic lp v qun l h s a gii hnh chnh v bn hnh chnh ca phng c thc hin theo ng quy nh ca php lut. * Kho st, o c, nh gi, phn hng t, lp bn a chnh, bn hin trng s dng t v bn quy hoch s dng t: n nay cng tc o c, lp bn a chnh c thc hin bng phng tin k thut tin tin vi cc t l t 1/500 v 1/2.000. Vic lp bn hin trng s dng t ca cc phng thc hin tt theo quy nh, nh k 5 nm cng vi cng tc kim S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 54 ktai;hinnayangtinhnhlpbnquyhoch sdngtphng n nm 2020 t l 1/2.000. * Qun l quy hoch, k hoch s dng t: K quy hoch trc (2006-2010),UBNDthnhphThiNguynlpquyhochsdngtnnm 2010 cho tt c cc phng, trong c khu vc 5 phng trung tm. Theo , UBND phng cng tin hnh lp k hoch s dng t hng nm v quy hoch chi tit ti mt s khu vc p ng nhu cu xy dng cc cng trnh kinh t - x hi theochtrngcathnhphvtnhThiNguyn.Bncnhphngcng thng xuyn kim tra r sot vic thc hin quy hoch, k hoch s dng t, gim st quyn v ngha v ca i tng s dng t. Hin nay, thnh ph lp xong quy hoch s dng t ca phng n nm 2020, k hoch s dng t chi tit 5 nm u (2011-2015). * Qun l vic giao t, cho thu t, thu hi t, chuyn mc ch s dngt: Cngtcgiaot,chothuttrnabnccphngcbnc trin khai theo ng trnh t, th tc theo quy nh ca php lut, qua hn ch v khc phc cc vi phm trong qun l, s dng t. Cng tc thu hi t ca cc c nhn v t chc s dng t khng ng mc ch c tin hnh thng xuyn lin tc; song vn thu hi t ca cc c nhn xy dng cc d n trng im vn cn chm do nhiu nguyn nhn, trong ch yu l do gi bi thng cn cha hp l v thng nht, thi gian bi thng hay ko di...* ng k quyn s dng t, lp v qun l h s a chnh, cp giy chng nhn quyn s dng t: Vic ng k quyn s dng t, lp v qun lhsachnhccccpngnhaphngvngidnquantm, c thc hin theo ng quy nh ca Lut t ai. Cc phng u t chc cp giy chng nhn quyn s dng t cho hu ht s h ng trn a bn, n nay cng tc lp v qun l h s a chnh cng nh cng tc cp giy chng nhn quyn s dng t ca phng i vo n nh. * Thng k, kim k t ai: Cc phng u thc hin vic thng k t ai hng nm v kim k t ai nh k 5 nm theo ng quy nh ca Lut t S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 55 ai. Nm 2005, thc hin cng tc kim k t ai theo Ch th s 28/2004/CT-TTgngy15/7/2004caThtngChnhph,ktqucngtcnycacc phngtktqutt, hn ch c tnh trng sai lch v s liu, bn vi thc t. Nm 2010 ,cng tc kim k t ai ca cc phng hon thnh tt, s liu kim k phn nh ng thc t hin trng s dng t ca tng phng. * Qun l ti chnh v t ai: thc hin cc khon thu, chi lin quan n t ai, cc phng thc hin theo ng quy nh ca php lut hin hnh. * Qun l v pht trin th trng quyn s dng t trong th trng bt ngsn: Vicchuynnhng,chothuquynshunhvquyns dngttheokhunggicaUBNDtnhbanhnhcUBNDphng thc hin cht ch theo ch o ca UBND thnh ph. * Qun l, gim st vic thc hin quyn v ngha v ca ngi s dng t: CngtcnycUBNDccphngthchintheochocaUBND thnhphthngquavicqunl,gimstcchotngchuynnhng,cho thut,thuthu,thutinsdngt...,thchinnghavcangichs dng t, m bo ngun thu ngn sch Nh nc. Tuy nhin do cn nhng hn ch nht nh trong vic cp giy chng nhn quyn s dng t, cng nh cng tc lp quy hoch s dng t nn phn no nh hng n hiu qu ca cng tc ny. * Thanh tra, kim tra vic chp hnh cc quy nh ca php lut v t ai v x l vi phm php lut vt ai: Nhnchung,cngtckimtrac nhiu c gng vc thc hin kh tt, hnchtnh hnh lnchimt tri php. Tuy nhin, vn cn nhiu trng hp s dng t sai mc ch s dng, t chuyn mc ch s dng.* Giiquyttranhchpvtai;giiquytkhiuni,tcoccvi phm trong qun l v s dng t ai: Vn ng, gii thch, hng dn nhn dnhiuphplut,sngvlmtheophplut,ngthivichtrnggii quyt n th ng chc nng thm quyn, khc phc vic n th tn ng ko di. S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 56 * Qunlcchotngdchvcngvtai: SaukhicLutt ai nm 2003, cc phng trin khai thc hin c ch mt ca v iu chnh cngkhaiccthtcvnht.Hinti,trongtchcbmyqunlNh nc v t ai cc phng cha c n v no c chc nng chuyn v hot ng dch v cng trong lnh vc t ai.3.2.2. Hin trng s dng t ca khu vc 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi NguynBng 3.5. Hin trng s dng cc loi t nm 2010 STTLoi tM t Trng Vng Hong Vn Th Phan nh Phng Quang Trung ng Quang Tng 5 phng C cu (%) Tng din tch t nhin102.98159.28270.27201.14149.50883.27100.00 1t nng nghipNNP3.2014.127.8248.6847.14120.9613.70 1.1t sn xut nng nghipSXN2.497.146.3443.7644.32104.0511.78 1.1.1t trng cy hng nmCHN1.265.824.7215.9331.5159.246.71 1.1.1.1t trng laLUA4.082.0112.8612.8731.823.60 1.1.1.3t trng cy hng nm cn liHNK1.261.742.713.0918.6427.443.11 1.1.2t trng cy lu nmCLN1.231.321.6227.8312.8144.815.07 1.2t lm nghipLNP0.610.951.481.054.090.46 1.3t nui trng thu snNTS0.716.370.533.441.7712.821.45 1.4t nng nghip khcNKH1.402t phi nng nghipPNN98.84143.07261.18149.41101.89754.3985.42 2.1t OTC23.1570.59 139,1865.5146.57345.0039.06 2.2t chuyn dngCDG64.1763.3182.7576.2554.26340.7438.58 2.2.1t tr s c quan,cng trnh SNCTS28.927.018.255.621.1250.925.77 2.2.2t quc phngCQP0.691.329.7110.3822.102.50 2.2.3t an ninhCAN1.751.162.030.030.035.000.57 2.2.4t sn xut,KD phi nngnghipCSK2.3010.338.800.867.2129.503.34 2.2.5t c mc ch cng cngCCC31.2044.1262.3560.0335.52233.2226.41 2.2.5.1t giao thngDGT19.1629.1242.7330.2029.41150.6217.05 2.2.5.2t thu liDTL0.510.262.886.252.2212.121.37 2.2.5.3t cng trnh nng lngDNL0.230.230.03 2.2.5.4t cng trnh buchnh V.thngDBV0.093.510.40 2.2.5.5t c s vn hoDVH3.420.391.710.490.504.430.50 2.2.5.6t c s y tDYT1.340.917.850.039.721.10 2.2.5.7t c s gio dc - o toDGD0.9312.017.0522.333.3645.685.17 2.2.5.8t c s th dc - th thaoDTT4.250.404.650.53 2.2.5.9t c s dch v v x hiDXH0.030.030.00 S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 57 2.2.5.10t chDCH1.360.130.331.820.21 2.2.5.11t c di tch, danh thngDDT1.341.340.15 2.3t tn gio, tn ngngTTN1.610.670.302.580.29 2.4t ngha trang, ngha aNTD0.481.351.830.21 2.5t sng sui v mt nc CDSMN9.918.5038.156.301.0663.927.24 2.6t phi nng nghip khcPNK0.320.320.04 3t cha s dngCSD0.942.091.273.150.477.920.90 [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50] Hnh 3.2. Hin trng c cu cc nhm t ca khu vc 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn Bng3.5vHnh3.2thhinhintrngsdngcakhuvc5phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn nm 2010: Qua s liu tng kim k t ai nm 2010 ca 5 phng trung tm ta thy rng phn ln din tch ca5 phng c s dng ch con 0.9 % din tch t ca 5 phng l cha s dng trong tng s din tchtnhinca5phngl883,17ha.Phnlndintchtltphinng nghip chim 82,4 % tng din tch t t nhin ca 5 phng, din tch t nng nghip ca5 phng chim 13.7 % tng din tch t nhin . -tnngnghip:Nhmtnngnghipchyultsnxutnng nghip chim 11,78 %, t nui trng thy sn chim 1.45 %, t lm nghip chim t l rt nh 0.46 %. Din tch t nng nghip ca 5 phng tng i t v vy cn t nng nghipt phi nngnghipt cha s dng13.7 % 0.9 % 85.42 % S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 58 s dng c hiu qu hn, c bit trong cng tc qun l cn thit cht hn na gim chuyn mc ch s dng t t nng nghip sang cc loi t khc. - t phi nng nghip: Din tch t phi nng nghip ca nm phng trung tm chim 82.4 % tng din tch t nhin. Trong t chim 39.06 %, t chuyn dungchim38.28%,ttngiotnngng0.29%,tnghatrangnghaa chim 0.29 %, t phi nng nghip khc chim 0.04 %. - t cha s dng: Din tch t cha s dng ca 5 phng rt thp, chng t cc phng s dng ti a qu t ca a phng. Nh vy ta thy rng phn ln din tch t ca 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn s dng vo mc ch t v xy dng c s sn xut kinh doanh, hotngdchvcngcng.Ccphngtndngtritqutcaa phng mnh. 3.3.NHGIKTQUTHCHINQUYHOCHSDNG TGIAION2006-2010CAKHUVC5PHNGTRUNGTM THNH PH THI NGUYN THEO S LIU TH CP 3.3.1. nh gi kt qu thc hin quy hoch s dng t ca khu vc 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 theo loi t 3.3.1.1. nh gi kt qu thc hin quy hoch s dng t nng nghip v t cha s dng ca 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 Bng 3.6. Kt qu thc hin quy hoch t nng nghip v t cha s dng ca 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 Th tLoi tM Hin trng 2006 Quy hoch 2010 Thc hin 2010 Phi chu chuyn trong k QH Thc hin trong k QH T l thc hin so vi QH (%) 1234567=5-48=6-49=8/7*100 Tng din tch t nhin896.56896.56883.270.00-13.291t nng nghipNNP169.8750.21120.96-119.66-48.9140.87 1.1t sn xut nng nghipSXN149.1136.29104.05-112.82-45.0639.94 1.1.1t trng cy hng nmCHN109.812.0659.24-97.74-50.5651.73 S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 59 1.1.1.1. t trng laLUA69.55.5331.80-63.97-37.7058.93 1.1.1.2t trng cy hng nm khcHNK43.36.5327.44-36.77-15.8643.13 1.1.2t trng cy lu nmCLN39.3124.2344.81-15.085.50-36.47 1.2t lm nghipLNP9.088.104.09-0.98-4.99509.18 1.3t nui trng thu snNTS11.685.8712.82-5.811.14-19.62 1.4t nng nghip khcNKH00.001.400.001.403t cha s dngCSD9.984.727.91-5.26-2.0739.35 Ngun: [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41],[44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50] Bng 3.7 nh gi v kt qu thc hin quy hoch t nng nghip ca 5phngtrungtmthnhphThiNguyngiaion2006-2010:Tathy rng t nng nghip ca 5 phng trung tm n nm 2010 cn 120.96 ha, tng 70.75 ha so vi quy hoch 2010, trong : - t sn xut nng nghip chim 104.05 ha. - t lm nghip t 4.09 ha gim 4.01 ha so vi quy hoch. - t nui trng thy sn t 12.82 ha tng 5.87 % so vi quy hoch.- Din tch t nng nghip khc khng thay i. iu ny ng ngha trong5nmquyhochdintchtnngnghipkhcnyvncgi nguyn khng c s chuyn i no v c cu, mc ch.3.3.1.2. nhgiktquthchinquyhochsdngtphinng nghip ca 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 Bng 3.7. Kt qu thc hin quy hoch t phi nng nghip ca 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 Th tLoi tM Hin trng 2006 Quy hoch 2010 Thc hin 2010 Phi chu chuyn trong k QH Thc hin trong k QH T l thc hin so vi QH (%) 1234567=5-48=6-49=8/7*100 Tng din tch t nhin716.7841.53754.39124.8337.6930.19 2t phi nng nghipPNN339.22341.64345.002.425.78238.84 2.1t OTC336.02460.02337.74124.001.721.39 2.2t chuyn dngCDG55.8155.4350.92-0.38-4.891286.84 2.2.1t tr s CQ, cng trnh SNCTS20.9921.2927.100.306.112036.67 S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 60 2.2.2t quc phng, an ninhCQA24.7733.6229.508.854.7353.45 2.2.3t sn xut KD phi N.nghipSKC237.45349.71233.22112.26-4.23-3.77 2.2.4t c mc ch cng cngCCC2.282.382.580.100.30300.00 2.3t tn gio, tn ngngTTN1.991.191.83-0.80-0.1620.00 2.4t ngha trang, ngha aNTD33.7929.9563.83-3.8430.04-782.29 2.5t sng sui v mt nc CDSMN0.320.320.320.000.002.6t phi nng nghip khcPNK716.7841.53754.39124.8337.6930.19 Ngun; [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41],[44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50] Bng3.8nhgiktquthchinquyhochsdngtphinng nghipca5phngtrungtmthnhphThiNguyngiaion2006-2010: Trongvng5nmt2006n2010dintchtphinngnghipca5 phng trung tm gim ng k n 2010 ch cn 754.39 ha gim 87.14 ha so vi quy hoch 2010. Din tch ny gim ng k so vi nm 2006. -t : OTC chim 345 ha - t chuyn dng chim 337.74 ha. - t tn gio tn ngng chim 50.92 ha. - t ngha trang ngha a chim 27.1 ha. - t phi nng nghip khc ch cn 233.22 ha gim 119.49 ha. Chng t trong 5 nm t 2006 n 2010 din tch t phi nng nghip khc c a vo sdng sang cc mc ch khc nhau, cc phng tn dng ti a ngun lc t ai hin c. 3.3.2. nh gi kt qu thc hin quy hoch s dng t ca khu vc 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 theo n v hnh chnh 3.3.2.1.nhgiktquthchinquyhochsdngtca phng Trng Vng, thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 Bng4.8chothyktquthchinquyhochsdngtca phng Trng Vng giai on 2006 2010 ta thy rng phng khng c mt cht bin ng no v cc loi t ai, tnh hnh s dng t rt n nh khng c s thay i v c cu t ai. iu ny cho ta thy rng vic thc S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 61 hinphngnquyhochsdngtcaphngTrngVngquagiai on20062010chathiuqu.Mongrngtrongkquyhochny nhm cn b nh nc v lnh vc t ai ca phng s c phng n quy hochtthnvtrongqutrnhthchinphngnquyhochscs iuchnhphikthpvicctchc,banngnhlinquansaochothc hin quy hoch t hiu qu cao nht. Bng 3.8. Kt qu thc hin quy hoch s dng t ca phng Trng Vng, thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 Th tLoi tM Hin trng 2006 Quy hoch 2010 Thc hin 2010 Phi chu chuyn trong k QH Thc hin trong k QH T l thc hin so vi QH (%) 1234567=5-48=6-4 9=8/7*100 Tng din tch t nhin102.908 102.98 102.980.000.001t nng nghipNNP3.200.383.20-2.820.000.00 1.1t sn xut nng nghipSXN2.490.002.49-2.490.000.00 1.1.1t trng cy hng nmCHN1.260.001.26-1.260.000.00 1.1.1.1. t trng laLUA 1.1.1.2 t trng cy hng nm khcHNK1.260.001.26-1.260.000.00 1.1.2t trng cy lu nmCLN1.230.001.23-1.230.000.00 1.2t lm nghipLNP 1.3t nui trng thu snNTS0.710.430.71-0.280.000.00 1.4t nng nghip khcNKH 2t phi nng nghipPNN98.84 101.5998.842.750.000.00 2.1t OTC23.1523.8523.150.700.000.00 2.2t chuyn dngCDG61.1763.3161.172.140.000.00 2.2.1t tr s CQ, cng trnh SNCTS28.9228.9228.920.000.00 2.2.2t quc phng, an ninhCQA1.751.781.750.030.000.00 2.2.3t sn xut KD phi N.nghipSKC2.302.592.300.290.000.00 2.2.4t c mc ch cng cngCCC31.2033.0231.201.820.000.00 2.3t tn gio, tn ngngTTN1.611.611.610.000.00 2.4t ngha trang, ngha aNTD 2.5t sng sui v mt nc CD SMN9.829.829.820.000.00 S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 62 2.6t phi nng nghip khcPNK 3t cha s dngCSD0.930.910.93-0.020.000.00 Ngun; [40], [48] 3.3.2.2.nhgiktquthchinquyhochsdngtca phng Hong Vn Th, thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 Bng3.9nhgivktquthchnquyhochsdngtca Hong Vn Th, thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006 2010: Bng 3.9. Kt qu thc hin quy hoch s dng t ca phng Hong Vn Th, thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 Th tLoi tM Hin trng 2006 Quy hoch 2010 Thc hin 2010 Phi chu chuyn trong k QH Thc hin trong k QH T l thc hin so vi QH (%) 1234567=5-48=6-4 9=8/7*100 Tng din tch t nhin159.18 159.18 159.280.000.101t nng nghipNNP18.194.5814.12-13.61-4.0729.90 1.1t sn xut nng nghipSXN9.480.007.14-9.48-2.3424.68 1.1.1t trng cy hng nmCHN9.130.005.82-9.13-3.3136.25 1.1.1.1. t trng laLUA7.370.004.08-7.37-3.2944.64 1.1.1.2 t trng cy hng nm khcHNK1.760.001.74-1.76-0.021.14 1.1.2t trng cy lu nmCLN0.350.001.32-0.350.97-277.14 1.2t lm nghipLNP1.301.300.610.00-0.69 1.3t nui trng thu snNTS7.413.286.37-4.13-1.0425.18 1.4t nng nghip khcNKH0.000.00 2t phi nng nghipPNN138.17 152.94 143.0714.774.9033.18 2.1t OTC73.4478.2470.594.80-2.85-59.37 2.2t chuyn dngCDG55.6465.6163.319.977.6776.93 2.2.1t tr s CQ, cng trnh SNCTS7.267.427.010.16-0.25-156.25 2.2.2t quc phng, an ninhCQA0.951.041.850.090.901000.00 2.2.3t sn xut KD phi N.nghipSKC8.356.0310.33-2.321.98-85.34 2.2.4t c mc ch cng cngCCC39.0848.1244.129.045.0455.75 2.3t tn gio, tn ngngTTN0.670.670.670.000.00 2.4t ngha trang, ngha aNTD0.000.00 S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 63 2.5t sng sui v mt nc CD SMN8.428.428.500.000.08 2.6t phi nng nghip khcPNK0.000.00 3t cha s dngCSD2.821.662.09-1.16-0.7362.93 Ngun; [37], [45] Trong vic thc hin phng n quy hoch s dng t phng Hong VnThthchinkhttvtcktqugnnhphngnquy hoch. Theo kt qu tng kim k t ai nm 2010 nh sau:- Tng din tch t nhin ca phng nm 2010 l 159.28 ha tng 0.1 ha so vi quy hoch. - t nng nghip nm 2006 l 18.19 ha, nm 2010 l 14.12 ha. Thc hin/ quy hoch tng 9.54 ha. -tPhinngnghip:tphinngnghiptnglnngk143.87 ha,khngtsoviquyhoch9.87%.tuykhngtcktqunh monginhnglngtphinngnghipcaphngtnglnnhvy cnglmthayibmtkinhtcaphng,lschuyndchc cu cc ngnh kinh t nng nghip sang dch v. -tchasdng:Trongvong5nmt2006n2010phng a 0.8 ha t cha s dng vo cc mc ch khc. 3.3.2.3.nhgiktquthchinquyhochsdngtca phng Phan nh Phng, thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 Bng3.10nhgiKtquthchinquyhochsdngtca phngPhannhPhng,thnhphThiNguyngiaion2006-2010: PhngPhannhPhnglmttrongsnhngphngthchin tngittvicquyhochkhochsdngtcaphngtronggiai on20062010.Tngdintchtnhinnm2010l270.27hatng 0.07 ha. S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 64 - Din tch t nng nghip gim 7.82ha so vi nm 2006 vtng 3.22 ha so vi quy hoch. Qua thy rng t nng nghip ca phng gim do chuyn sang mc ch s dng khc. -t phi nng nghip: Din tch t phi nng nghip tng ln 261.18 ha so vi nm 2006 v gim 4.5 ha so vi quy hoch. Din tch tphi nng nghipcaphngtngldochuynmcchsdngtkhcsangt phi nng nghip. -tchasdng:tchas\dngtng0.9hasoviquyhoch 2010. Din tch t cha s dng n nm 2010 cn 0.62 ha.Bng 3.10. Kt qu thc hin quy hoch s dng t ca phng Phan nh Phng, thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 Th tLoi tM Hin trng 2006 Quy hoch 2010 Thc hin 2010 Phi chu chuyn trong k QH Thc hin trong k QH T l thc hin so vi QH (%) 1234567=5-48=6-4 9=8/7*100 Tng din tch t nhin270.20 270.20 270.270.000.071t nng nghipNNP44.504.607.82-39.90-36.689.19 1.1t sn xut nng nghipSXN42.083.006.34-39.08-35.749.15 1.1.1t trng cy hng nmCHN41.233.004.72-38.23-36.519.55 1.1.1.1. t trng laLUA26.142.412.01-23.73-24.1310.17 1.1.1.2 t trng cy hng nm khcHNK15.090.592.71-14.50-12.388.54 1.1.2t trng cy lu nmCLN0.850.001.62-0.850.77-9.06 1.2t lm nghipLNP1.701.600.95-0.10-0.7575.00 1.3t nui trng thu snNTS0.720.000.53-0.72-0.192.64 1.4t nng nghip khcNKH0.000.001.400.001.40 2t phi nng nghipPNN223.81 265.23 261.1841.4237.379.02 2.1t OTC 131.29 107.41 139.18-23.887.89-3.30 2.2t chuyn dngCDG85.27 153.4582.7568.18-2.52-0.37 2.2.1t tr s CQ, cng trnh SNCTS7.837.748.25-0.090.42-46.67 2.2.2t quc phng, an ninhCQA3.353.433.350.080.000.00 S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 65 2.2.3t sn xut KD phi N.nghipSKC9.2514.288.805.03-0.45-0.89 2.2.4t c mc ch cng cngCCC64.84 128.0062.3563.16-2.49-0.39 2.3t tn gio, tn ngngTTN0.000.100.300.100.3030.00 2.4t ngha trang, ngha aNTD0.640.110.48-0.53-0.163.02 2.5t sng sui v mt nc CD SMN6.303.8438.15-2.4631.85-129.47 2.6t phi nng nghip khcPNK0.320.320.320.000.00 3t cha s dngCSD1.890.371.27-1.52-0.624.08 Ngun; [38], [46] 3.3.2.4.nhgiktquthchinquyhochsdngtca phng Quang Trung, thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 Bng3.11nhgiktquthchinquyhochsdngtca phng Quang Trung, thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010: TrongBng 3.11. Kt qu thc hin quy hoch s dng t ca phng Quang Trung, thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 Th tLoi tM Hin trng 2006 Quy hoch 2010 Thc hin 2010 Phi chu chuyn trong k QH Thc hin trong k QH T l thc hin so vi QH (%) 1234567=5-48=6-4 9=8/7*100 Tng din tch t nhin201.14 201.14 201.240.000.101t nng nghipNNP47.8729.2848.68-18.590.81-4.36 1.1t sn xut nng nghipSXN43.5525.8043.76-17.750.21-1.18 1.1.1t trng cy hng nmCHN18.503.4515.93-15.05-2.5717.08 1.1.1.1. t trng laLUA18.821.4512.84-17.37-5.9834.43 1.1.1.2 t trng cy hng nm khcHNK2.682.003.09-0.680.41-60.29 1.1.2t trng cy lu nmCLN25.0522.3527.83-2.702.78-102.96 1.2t lm nghipLNP1.481.321.48-0.160.000.00 1.3t nui trng thu snNTS2.842.163.44-0.680.60-88.24 1.4t nng nghip khcNKH0.000.00 2t phi nng nghipPNN149.29 170.08 149.4120.790.120.58 2.1t OTC64.4464.9665.510.521.07205.77 S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 66 2.2t chuyn dngCDG77.2794.9476.2517.67-1.02-5.77 2.2.1t tr s CQ, cng trnh SNCTS5.705.555.62-0.15-0.0853.33 2.2.2t quc phng, an ninhCQA9.719.819.740.100.0330.00 2.2.3t sn xut KD phi N.nghipSKC0.003.530.863.530.8624.36 2.2.4t c mc ch cng cngCCC61.8676.0860.0314.22-1.83-12.87 2.3t tn gio, tn ngngTTN0.000.00 2.4t ngha trang, ngha aNTD1.351.081.35-0.270.000.00 2.5t sng sui v mt nc CD SMN6.236.076.30-0.160.07-43.75 2.6t phi nng nghip khcPNK0.000.00 3t cha s dngCSD3.981.783.15-2.20-0.8337.73 Ngun; [39], [47] k quy hach 2006 2010 phng Quang Trung thc hn tng i tt vi80%vtchtiuquyhoch.DintchtnhincaphngQuang Trung l 201.24 ha vt quy hoch 0.10 ha. - t nng nghip: nm 2010 t nng nghip ca phng l 48.68 ha. Tng 19.04 ha so vi quy hoch. - t phi nng nghip: Din tch t phi nng nghip ca phng nm 2010 l 149.41 ha gim 20.67 % so vi quy hoch. - t chua s dng: Trong giai on thc hin quy hoch 2006 2010 phnga0.83hatchasdngsangccmcchkhc.yl mt kt qu ht sc kh quan v s tng them c qu t s dng vo cc mc ch khc nh t phi nng nhip. 3.3.2.5.nhgiktquthchinquyhochsdngtca phng ng Quang, thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 Bng3.12nhgiktquthchinquyhochsdngtca phngngQuangTPThiNguyngiaion20062010:Nhnchung viktqutccaphngngQuangthtathytrongkquy hoch 2006 2010 phng thc hin phng n quy hoch tng i tt. Tuy cha dt c kt qu nh mong i nhng cng l s c gng v n lckhngngngcaingcnbqunlvtaivccbanngnh S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 67 lien quan. Tng din tch t nhin ca phng gim i cn 149.50 ha, gim 13.56 ha so vi quy hoch. -t nng nghip: Din tch t nng nghip t56.11 nm 2006 gim xung cn 47.14 nm 2010 vt quy hoch 35.77 ha. -tphinngnghipgimt106.59nm2006xungcon101.89ha nm 2010 gim 49.8 ha so vi quy hoch. -tchasdng:tchasdngcaphng0.11hasovinm 2006 vvt quy hoch 0.47 ha. Bng 3.12. Kt qu thc hin quy hoch s dng t ca phng ng Quang, thnh ph Thi Nguyn giai on 2006-2010 Th tLoi tM Hin trng 2006 Quy hoch 2010 Thc hin 2010 Phi chu chuyn trong k QH Thc hin trong k QH T l thc hin so vi QH (%) 1234567=5-48=6-4 9=8/7*100 Tng din tch t nhin163.06 163.06 149.500.00-13.561t nng nghipNNP56.1111.3747.14-44.74-8.9720.05 1.1t sn xut nng nghipSXN51.517.4944.32-44.02-7.1916.33 1.1.1t trng cy hng nmCHN39.685.6131.51-34.07-8.1723.98 1.1.1.1. t trng laLUA17.171.6712.87-15.50-4.3027.74 1.1.1.2 t trng cy hng nm khcHNK22.513.9418.64-18.57-3.8720.84 1.1.2t trng cy lu nmCLN11.831.8812.81-9.950.98-9.85 1.2t lm nghipLNP4.603.881.05-0.72-3.55493.06 1.3t nui trng thu snNTS0.000.001.770.001.77 1.4t nng nghip khcNKH0.000.00 2t phi nng nghipPNN106.59 151.69 101.8945.10-4.70-10.42 2.1t OTC46.9067.1846.5720.28-0.33-1.63 2.2t chuyn dngCDG56.6782.7154.2626.04-2.41-9.25 S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 68 2.2.1t tr s CQ, cng trnh SNCTS6.105.801.12-0.30-4.981660.00 2.2.2t quc phng, an ninhCQA5.235.2310.410.005.18 2.2.3t sn xut KD phi N.nghipSKC4.877.197.212.322.34100.86 2.2.4t c mc ch cng cngCCC40.4764.4935.5224.02-4.95-20.61 2.3t tn gio, tn ngngTTN0.000.00 2.4t ngha trang, ngha aNTD0.000.00 2.5t sng sui v mt nc CD SMN3.021.801.06-1.22-1.96160.66 2.6t phi nng nghip khcPNK0.000.00 3t cha s dngCSD0.360.000.47-0.360.11-30.56 Ngun; [36], [44] 3.3.3.nhgichungktquthchinquyhochsdngtgiai on2006-2010cakhuvc5phngtrungtmthnhphThiNguyn theo cc ch tiu bnh qun v t/ngi Bng 3.13. Bnh qun mt s ch tiu s dng t ca 5 phng trung tm thnh ph Thi Nguyn sau thi k quy hoch PhngNm t nng nghip/ngi (m2) t /ngi (m2) t phi NN khng phi t /ngi (m2) DT t nhin/ngi (m2) Trng Vng 20104,5632,97107,79146,65 20064,8234,87113,00155,14 2010 so vi 2006-0,26-1,90-5,21-8,49 Hong Vn Th 20108,2741,3442,4493,27 200612,7445,2841,74101,59 2010 so vi 2006-4,52-3,94+0,70-8,32 Phan nh Phng 20105,4597,0185,04188,38 200632,5192,2564,39190,48 2010 so vi 2006-27,06+4,76+20,65-2,10 Quang Trung201021,7529,2737,4889,86 S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu i hc Thi Nguynhttp://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn 69 200627,5531,9541,24102,77 2010 so vi 2006-5,80-2,68-3,76-12,91 ng Quang 201059,0958,3869,35187,41 200678.5855,0776,37210,48 2010 so vi 2006-19,49+3,31-7,02-23,07 Tng/Trung bnh 5 phng 201017,5850,1459,50128,36 200628,8551,7458,34140,51 2010 so vi 2006 m2-11,27-1,60+1,16-12,15 % -39,06-3,09+1,99-8,65 Ngun: [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41],[44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50] Bng3.13nhgimtschtiusdngtca5phngtrungtm thnh ph Thi Nguyn sau thi k quy hoch: Qua s liu trong biu 4.14 ta thy rng din tch t nng nghip/ngi rt thp thm ch cn khng c, l do nh hng ca qu trnh th ha v s chuyn dch c cu gia cc ngnh kinh t c th l xu hng chuyn t kinh t nng nghip sang thngmi, dch v. Do dn s tng nhanh nn nhu cu t l rt ln nhng qu t ca chng ta ch c giihnnndintcht/ngicnglrtthp.tnngnghipvang gimdndovicchuynmcch,doxydngcckhucngnghip,cckhu trungc.Vvynukhngcnhngbinphpqunlvbovthtnng nghip ca chng ta s dn cn kit. Phng c din tch t ln nht l phng PhannhPhngvi97.1m2/1ngivphngcdintchtnhnhtl phngQuangTrungvi29m2/1ngi.Vphngcdintchtphinng nghiplnnhtlphngTrngVngvi113m2/ngi,phngcdintch t phi nng nghip nh nht l phng Quang t