1 why do we need to understand the structure of viruses and how they replicate?
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Why Do We Need To Why Do We Need To Understand the Structure of Understand the Structure of
Viruses and How they Viruses and How they Replicate?Replicate?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kiG-c964ejQ&NR=1
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Things to Think about Things to Think about
How can understanding HIV replication How can understanding HIV replication help prevent or stop the progress of help prevent or stop the progress of the virus into developing AIDS?the virus into developing AIDS?
Are you thinking about getting an HPV Are you thinking about getting an HPV vaccine? What exactly is it?vaccine? What exactly is it?
How can viruses be used to treat How can viruses be used to treat cancer?cancer?
VIRUSES ARE THEY CONSIDERED LIVING?VIRUSES ARE THEY CONSIDERED LIVING? Not considered living because:Not considered living because:
How do they get their energy? They are How do they get their energy? They are parasitesparasites
So, what is a virus?So, what is a virus?
Characteristics of VirusesCharacteristics of Viruses
Strains of viruses are designed to Strains of viruses are designed to attack specific host organismsattack specific host organisms– Tobacco virus Tobacco virus → tobacco plant→ tobacco plant– Bacteriophage → bacteriumBacteriophage → bacterium
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DNA vs. RNA
DNA vs. RNA DNA – “blueprint” - codes for all the
proteins that the body requires to function
Structure of BacteriophageStructure of Bacteriophage
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REPRODUCTION OF VIRUSES:REPRODUCTION OF VIRUSES:LYTIC CYCLELYTIC CYCLE
Step 1
End Result
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LYSOGENIC CYCLELYSOGENIC CYCLE
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BOTH CYCLESBOTH CYCLES
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QuestionsQuestions
What are the advantages/disadvantages of What are the advantages/disadvantages of each cycle?each cycle?
Do the host cells have any defense Do the host cells have any defense mechanisms?mechanisms?
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How can we manipulate this process for How can we manipulate this process for our own purposes?our own purposes?
RNA VirusRNA Virus
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RetrovirusRetrovirus Genetic material = _____________Genetic material = _____________ Instruct host cell to use viral _________ to Instruct host cell to use viral _________ to
create viral _________create viral _________
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HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSVIRUS
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REPLICATION IN T CELLSREPLICATION IN T CELLS
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A.I.D.S.A.I.D.S. Affects immune system by weakening itAffects immune system by weakening it
T cells B cells antibodiesT cells B cells antibodies
Die from ______________________Die from ______________________
HIV is an international problem = HIV is an international problem = pandemicpandemic
Preventive measures can stop spreadPreventive measures can stop spread
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Most of the time it is a silent killerMost of the time it is a silent killer
Responsible for _____________________Responsible for _____________________
Can be prevented in caught in time!Can be prevented in caught in time!
Prevention: ________________________Prevention: ________________________
If you are sexually active get a PAP test!!!If you are sexually active get a PAP test!!!
PAP detects abnormal cells which lead to PAP detects abnormal cells which lead to cancercancer
IMMUNE RESPONSE
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VaccinesVaccines1.1. ACTIVE IMMUNITY: Stimulate the body to ACTIVE IMMUNITY: Stimulate the body to
produce antibodies against the diseaseproduce antibodies against the disease
2. PASSIVE IMMUNITY: antibodies are given from one 2. PASSIVE IMMUNITY: antibodies are given from one individual to the other individual, usually individual to the other individual, usually temporarytemporary
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Manipulating VirusesManipulating Viruses
E.g. herpes virus can be manipulated E.g. herpes virus can be manipulated to only infect cancer cellsto only infect cancer cells
Nanotechnology or bioengineering: Nanotechnology or bioengineering: using viruses to deliver drugsusing viruses to deliver drugs
Follow-up with HWFollow-up with HW
Textbook Page # 30 Textbook Page # 30
Question # 1-4Question # 1-4
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