1 where do spatial context-models end and where do ontologies start? a proposal of a combined...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: 1 Where do spatial context-models end and where do ontologies start? A proposal of a combined approach Christian Becker Distributed Systems Daniela Nicklas](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dbb5503460f94aac29c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1
Where do spatial context-models end and where do ontologies start?
A proposal of a combined approach
Christian BeckerDistributed Systems
Daniela NicklasApplications of Parallel
and Distributed Systems
Universität Stuttgart, Germany
Center of Excellence 627:Spatial World Models for
Mobile Context-Aware Applications
![Page 2: 1 Where do spatial context-models end and where do ontologies start? A proposal of a combined approach Christian Becker Distributed Systems Daniela Nicklas](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dbb5503460f94aac29c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
University of StuttgartCenter of Excellence 627
2
ContextManagement
Starting Point
Context-Aware Applications: adapt their behavior depending context need context management
2 approaches of context management: context models:
database-style: applications can select/query context information for adaptation
contextual ontologies: knowledge representation and deduction:
applications can define complex situations
![Page 3: 1 Where do spatial context-models end and where do ontologies start? A proposal of a combined approach Christian Becker Distributed Systems Daniela Nicklas](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dbb5503460f94aac29c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
University of StuttgartCenter of Excellence 627
3
PhysicalWorld
ContextModel
Context Models
Applications
query (filter)
Update(id, value)
Sen
sors
(Fu
sion
)
Update(id, value)
Ap
pli
cati
on
Sta
te
![Page 4: 1 Where do spatial context-models end and where do ontologies start? A proposal of a combined approach Christian Becker Distributed Systems Daniela Nicklas](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dbb5503460f94aac29c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
University of StuttgartCenter of Excellence 627
4
Location, identity, and time
properties of each spatial object
location and ID: primary access path for context used for selection:
What is there? (location)
What is John doing? (ID)
time: often implicit ("now") explicit for history and prognosis
combined with location or ID: who was here yesterday? (location + time)
where was I yesterday? (ID + time)
lost key
![Page 5: 1 Where do spatial context-models end and where do ontologies start? A proposal of a combined approach Christian Becker Distributed Systems Daniela Nicklas](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dbb5503460f94aac29c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
University of StuttgartCenter of Excellence 627
5
Classification of Context Models
dynamics: low to high update rate
stationary vs. mobile objects/sensor values
spatial scope local to global
complexity of abstraction level of detail, #objects
![Page 6: 1 Where do spatial context-models end and where do ontologies start? A proposal of a combined approach Christian Becker Distributed Systems Daniela Nicklas](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dbb5503460f94aac29c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
University of StuttgartCenter of Excellence 627
6
Shared Context Models
GIS
data integration,schema matching
S
S
SS
sensorfusion
Federation
query
query
Application
![Page 7: 1 Where do spatial context-models end and where do ontologies start? A proposal of a combined approach Christian Becker Distributed Systems Daniela Nicklas](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dbb5503460f94aac29c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
University of StuttgartCenter of Excellence 627
7
Five tiers of spatial ontologies [Frank 2003]
Ontology Tier 0: Physical RealityOntology Tier 0: Physical Reality
Ontology Tier 1: Observable RealityOntology Tier 1: Observable Reality
Ontology Tier 2: Object WorldOntology Tier 2: Object World
Ontology Tier 3: Social RealityOntology Tier 3: Social Reality
Ontology Tier 4: Cognitive AgentsOntology Tier 4: Cognitive Agents
Inte
rpre
tatio
n
![Page 8: 1 Where do spatial context-models end and where do ontologies start? A proposal of a combined approach Christian Becker Distributed Systems Daniela Nicklas](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dbb5503460f94aac29c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
University of StuttgartCenter of Excellence 627
8
Context Models and Contextual Ontologies
Ontology Tier 0: Physical RealityOntology Tier 0: Physical Reality
Ontology Tier 1: Observable RealityOntology Tier 1: Observable Reality
Ontology Tier 2: Object WorldOntology Tier 2: Object World
Ontology Tier 3: Social RealityOntology Tier 3: Social Reality
Ontology Tier 4: Cognitive AgentsOntology Tier 4: Cognitive Agents
Con
text M
od
els
Con
textu
al O
nto
log
ies
![Page 9: 1 Where do spatial context-models end and where do ontologies start? A proposal of a combined approach Christian Becker Distributed Systems Daniela Nicklas](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dbb5503460f94aac29c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
University of StuttgartCenter of Excellence 627
9
Shared Context Models
GIS
data integration,schema matching
S
S
SS
sensorfusion
contextmodellayer
observationlayer
tier 1
tier 2
tier 3
Federation
query
federationlayer
query
Applicationtier 4
![Page 10: 1 Where do spatial context-models end and where do ontologies start? A proposal of a combined approach Christian Becker Distributed Systems Daniela Nicklas](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dbb5503460f94aac29c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
University of StuttgartCenter of Excellence 627
10
A Combined Approach
Federation
Inference Machine, Reasoning
Rules
query
interpretation
Application
query
Application
GIS
data integration,schema matching
S
S
SS
sensorfusion
contextmodellayer
reasoninglayer
observationlayer
tier 1
tier 2
tier 3
tier 4
federationlayer
![Page 11: 1 Where do spatial context-models end and where do ontologies start? A proposal of a combined approach Christian Becker Distributed Systems Daniela Nicklas](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dbb5503460f94aac29c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
University of StuttgartCenter of Excellence 627
11
Conclusion
context models: efficient management of large-scale context
contextual ontologies: support for reasoning
combined approach: select context based on context models
add semantic information and reason about selection
open questions how to represent semantic information? (Rules, ...)
consistency, coherence, data quality, trust, ...
![Page 12: 1 Where do spatial context-models end and where do ontologies start? A proposal of a combined approach Christian Becker Distributed Systems Daniela Nicklas](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dbb5503460f94aac29c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
University of StuttgartCenter of Excellence 627
12
www.nexus.uni-stuttgart.de