1 water quality monitoring on pleasant grove and curry creeks: what the data is telling us presented...
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Water Quality Monitoring on Water Quality Monitoring on Pleasant Grove and Curry Creeks:Pleasant Grove and Curry Creeks:
What the data is telling usWhat the data is telling us
Presented by:Presented by:Edmund Sullivan – Placer County Planning Department, Edmund Sullivan – Placer County Planning Department,
David Baker – Dry Creek Conservancy, and David Baker – Dry Creek Conservancy, andChristian Carleton – Foothill AssociatesChristian Carleton – Foothill Associates
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Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline
Introduction Introduction (Edmund Sullivan)(Edmund Sullivan) Monitoring Program Overview Monitoring Program Overview (David Baker)(David Baker) Biological Biological (Christian Carleton)(Christian Carleton)
HabitatHabitat Benthic MacroinvertebratesBenthic Macroinvertebrates
Basic Water Quality Parameters Basic Water Quality Parameters (David Baker)(David Baker) Field TestsField Tests Nutrients & Other Lab ParametersNutrients & Other Lab Parameters
Extended Water Quality Parameters Extended Water Quality Parameters (Christian Carleton)(Christian Carleton) MetalsMetals OrganicsOrganics
What is Next?What is Next? Questions & AnswersQuestions & Answers
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Purpose of Water Quality Purpose of Water Quality Monitoring ProgramMonitoring Program
Ecosystem Restoration Ecosystem Restoration Plan (ERP)Plan (ERP)
Collect Baseline Collect Baseline Stream DataStream Data
Preliminary Preliminary Watershed Watershed AssessmentAssessment
by Edmund Sullivanby Edmund Sullivan
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Monitoring Program OverviewMonitoring Program Overview
Selection of Monitoring SitesSelection of Monitoring Sites Steps to a Reliable MonitoringSteps to a Reliable Monitoring Monitoring Equipment IssuesMonitoring Equipment Issues Quality Assurance Program Quality Assurance Program
Plan (QAPP)Plan (QAPP) Field Parameters Field Parameters Lab ParametersLab Parameters
by David Bakerby David Baker
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Selection of Monitoring SitesSelection of Monitoring Sites
Historical or current land use Historical or current land use (agriculture, municipal, industrial, (agriculture, municipal, industrial, mining, recreational, etc.) with mining, recreational, etc.) with potential WQ impairment?potential WQ impairment?
Is there previous WQ data that could Is there previous WQ data that could be used?be used?
Is access safe?Is access safe? Is permission to cross private Is permission to cross private
property granted?property granted? Is the sample representative of the Is the sample representative of the
water body of interest?water body of interest?
Map of PG/CC Monitoring SitesMap of PG/CC Monitoring Sites
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Steps to Reliable Steps to Reliable Monitoring DataMonitoring Data Quality Assurance Program Plan (QAPP)Quality Assurance Program Plan (QAPP) Standard Operating ProceduresStandard Operating Procedures Implement Appropriate Data Management Implement Appropriate Data Management Independent QA/QC ReviewIndependent QA/QC Review Routine Back-Up of All Monitoring Data Routine Back-Up of All Monitoring Data Select/Develop DatabaseSelect/Develop Database
DATAMON (Excel on Steroids)DATAMON (Excel on Steroids) SWAMP Database (Being Adapted for SWAMP Database (Being Adapted for
Watershed Groups)Watershed Groups) Develop Calibration Forms & Field SheetsDevelop Calibration Forms & Field Sheets
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Quality Assurance Program Quality Assurance Program Plan (QAPP)Plan (QAPP) The QAPP is not only about doing a good The QAPP is not only about doing a good
analytical job but also being able to prove itanalytical job but also being able to prove it With a qualified staff, watershed groups With a qualified staff, watershed groups
can produce data on par with professionalscan produce data on par with professionals Provide adequate training for all monitoring Provide adequate training for all monitoring
personnel and have them work under direct personnel and have them work under direct supervision of a qualified technical supervision of a qualified technical specialistspecialist
Specialize work, such as initial equipment Specialize work, such as initial equipment calibrations and data review, are best done calibrations and data review, are best done by the technical staff or trained internsby the technical staff or trained interns
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Monitoring EquipmentMonitoring Equipment
HydroLab multi-sensor probeHydroLab multi-sensor probe Velocity MeterVelocity Meter GPSGPS CameraCamera Field Data SheetsField Data Sheets Sample Collection BottlesSample Collection Bottles
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Monitoring Equipment Issues Monitoring Equipment Issues
Hydro Lab Hydro Lab Probe Purchase Probe Purchase Was Delayed Was Delayed
Used Dry Creek Used Dry Creek Conservancy’s Conservancy’s Meters for Initial Meters for Initial MonitoringMonitoring
New Equipment New Equipment Successful for Successful for Second RoundSecond Round
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Laboratory Sample AnalysesLaboratory Sample Analyses
PG/CC Program Recognizes Analytical PG/CC Program Recognizes Analytical QA/QC Requirements Met by State QA/QC Requirements Met by State Laboratory Certification ProcessLaboratory Certification Process
Select Methods with the Appropriate Select Methods with the Appropriate Quantitation Limits for WQ ParametersQuantitation Limits for WQ Parameters
Coordinate with Analytical Laboratory Staff Coordinate with Analytical Laboratory Staff for Timely Processing of Samples for Timely Processing of Samples
Use Laboratory Containers, Chain-of-Use Laboratory Containers, Chain-of-Custody Forms and Sampling InstructionsCustody Forms and Sampling Instructions
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Field ParametersField Parameters
pHpH Electrical Conductivity (E.C.)Electrical Conductivity (E.C.) TurbidityTurbidity TemperatureTemperature Dissolved Oxygen (D.O.)Dissolved Oxygen (D.O.)
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Laboratory ParametersLaboratory Parameters
Solids (TDS, TSS, Settleable Solids)Solids (TDS, TSS, Settleable Solids) Oil & GreaseOil & Grease Alkalinity (Titration Method)Alkalinity (Titration Method) Nutrients (Nitrates, Nitrites, Ammonia-N & Nutrients (Nitrates, Nitrites, Ammonia-N &
Orthophosphate)Orthophosphate) Total Organic Carbon (TOC)Total Organic Carbon (TOC) Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) Metals, CAM 17 (ICP-MS Method) Metals, CAM 17 (ICP-MS Method) Pesticides (Organophosphorous, Pesticides (Organophosphorous,
Organochlorine & Glyphosate) Organochlorine & Glyphosate) Bacteria (Total Coliform and E. coli) Bacteria (Total Coliform and E. coli)
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Sampling MatrixSampling Matrix
Spring Summer Fall 1st Flush Winter Spring*
Habitat
BMI
Field Tests
Basic Lab
Nutrients
Metals Pesticides/ Herbicides
* As funding allows
LAB
OR
ATO
RY
Services
FIEL
D
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Biological MonitoringBiological Monitoring
Benthic Macroinvertebrates Benthic Macroinvertebrates (BMI)(BMI)
Habitat AssessmentHabitat Assessment
by Christian Carletonby Christian Carleton
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Benthic Macroinvertebrates Benthic Macroinvertebrates (Aquatic Insects & Other Critters)(Aquatic Insects & Other Critters) Surveyed upper and lower sections of Surveyed upper and lower sections of
PG/CC Watershed and selected sites PG/CC Watershed and selected sites to best reflect typical conditions to best reflect typical conditions throughout watershed throughout watershed
Access to private property Access to private property problematic and finding suitable problematic and finding suitable reaches with riffles difficultreaches with riffles difficult
Timing of initial BMI sampling not Timing of initial BMI sampling not quite optimal and previous selected quite optimal and previous selected sites in the lower watershed were dry sites in the lower watershed were dry
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Benthic Macroinvertebrates Benthic Macroinvertebrates Continued…Continued…
Standard CA Stream Bioassessment Standard CA Stream Bioassessment Procedure (CSBP) not really Procedure (CSBP) not really applicable to low gradient streamsapplicable to low gradient streams
Our expert, Wayne Fields, helped Our expert, Wayne Fields, helped adapt the current State sampling adapt the current State sampling methodmethod
Planning an optimal BMI sampling in Planning an optimal BMI sampling in early springearly spring
Some interesting critters foundSome interesting critters found Review of preliminary data?Review of preliminary data?
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Preliminary BMI ResultsPreliminary BMI Results
SiteSite DiversityDiversity AbundanceAbundance
PG-1PG-1 OKOK ModerateModerate
PG-2PG-2 ModerateModerate ModerateModerate
K-1K-1 PoorPoor HighHigh
C-1C-1 ModerateModerate LowLow
Freshwater ClamFreshwater Clam
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Habitat AssessmentHabitat Assessment
Part of the CSBPPart of the CSBP Method for placing a numerical Method for placing a numerical
value on stream habitat qualityvalue on stream habitat quality Qualitative assessment of 10 Qualitative assessment of 10
different stream habitat different stream habitat parametersparameters
Completed by committeeCompleted by committee
Habitat DataHabitat Data
Dat
e
Site
ID
Epi
faun
al S
ubst
rate
/
Ava
liavl
e C
over
Em
bedd
edne
ssV
eloc
ity/D
epth
Reg
ime
Sed
imen
t Dep
ositi
onC
hann
el F
low
Sta
tus
Cha
nnel
Alte
ratio
nFr
eque
ncy
of R
iffle
s
(or
Ben
ds)
Ban
k S
tabi
lity
(LB
)B
ank
Sta
bilit
y (R
B)
Veg
etat
ive
Pro
tect
ion
(LB
)
Veg
etat
ive
Pro
tect
ion
(RB
)
Rip
aria
n V
eget
ativ
e
Zone
Wid
th (L
B)
Rip
aria
n V
eget
ativ
e
Zone
Wid
th (R
B)
Tota
l
Per
cent
age
Max. 9 11 2 17 12 20 3 9 7 8 8 6 6 95 48%
Min. 2 0 1 12 6 0 0 3 2 0 0 1 1 37 19%Avg. 5.8 3.5 1.5 15.3 9.0 13.3 1.5 6.3 4.5 2.5 2.8 3.0 2.3 71.0 36%
4/28/2004 PG-1 4 11 2 16 10 20 2 5 3 1 1 1 1 77 39%
4/29/2004 PG-2 9 2 1 16 12 13 0 8 6 1 2 4 1 75 38%
4/29/2004 K-1 8 0 2 12 6 20 3 9 7 8 8 6 6 95 48%4/28/2004 C-1 2 1 1 17 8 0 1 3 2 0 0 1 1 37 19%
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Basic Physical Water Quality Basic Physical Water Quality ParametersParameters
Field TestField Test NutrientsNutrients BacteriaBacteria OthersOthers
by David Bakerby David Baker
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Field TestsField Tests
Basic physical and water quality Basic physical and water quality parameters that can be easily parameters that can be easily measured with field instrumentsmeasured with field instruments
TemperatureTemperature pHpH DODO %DO%DO Specific ConductanceSpecific Conductance
TDSTDS TurbidityTurbidity VelocityVelocity DepthDepth
Field DataField DatapH
5.005.50
6.006.50
7.007.50
8.008.50
PG-1 PG-2 PG-3 PG-5 K-1 C-1
Site
pH
Un
its
Temperature
17.0
18.0
19.0
20.0
21.0
22.0
23.0
PG-1 PG-2 PG-3 PG-5 K-1 C-1
Site
°C
Specific Conductance
0100
200300
400500
600700
PG-1 PG-2 PG-3 PG-5 K-1 C-1
Site
m s/c
m @
25°
C
Turbidity
0
50
100
150
200
PG-1 PG-2 PG-3 PG-5 K-1 C-1
Site
NT
U
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Nutrients & Other Basic Nutrients & Other Basic ParametersParameters Nutrients used by 1° producers Nutrients used by 1° producers
(aquatic plants and algae)(aquatic plants and algae) Excess nutrients cause Excess nutrients cause
eutrophicationeutrophication Biochemical Oxygen Demand Biochemical Oxygen Demand
(BOD) is a measure of the (BOD) is a measure of the biologically available organic biologically available organic mattermatter
Coliform (bacteria) present in the Coliform (bacteria) present in the waterwater
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Some Laboratory ResultsSome Laboratory Results4/30/04 Ammonia BOD TDS Total Coliform TSS
PG1 0.37 <5.0 380 490 3.0PG3 0.30 <5.0 110 790 41PG5 0.35 <5.0 250 230 50K1 0.35 <5.0 140 3500 2.0C1 0.54 5.5 380 78 210
7/30/04 Ammonia BOD TDS Total Coliform TSS
PG1 <0.03 <5.0 360 N/A 7.0PG3 <0.03 <5.0 310 N/A 4.0PG5 <0.03 <5.0 120 N/A 42K1 <0.03 <5.0 120 N/A 5.0C1 <0.03 <5.0 330 N/A 120
Nitrate, Nitrite, Phosphate, Settleable Nitrate, Nitrite, Phosphate, Settleable Solids and Solids and E.E. colicoli were below detection were below detection limits in all samples analyzed to datelimits in all samples analyzed to date
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Extended Water Quality Extended Water Quality ParametersParameters
MetalsMetals
Organics Organics (Herbicides & Pesticides)(Herbicides & Pesticides)
by Christian Carletonby Christian Carleton
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MetalsMetals
Used in various industrial Used in various industrial processesprocesses
Present in some chemicals Present in some chemicals used as herbicides and used as herbicides and pesticidespesticides
Will bioaccumulateWill bioaccumulate Can be toxic at low levels to Can be toxic at low levels to
certain organisms and people certain organisms and people (e.g. mercury)(e.g. mercury)
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Metals ResultsMetals Results
Parameter PG1 PG3 PG5 Drinking Water Standard
Antimony ND ND NDArsenic ND ND NDBarium 140 71 110Beryllium ND ND NDCadmium ND ND NDChromium ND ND NDCobalt ND 0.86 0.50Copper 3.1 4.2 2.4Lead ND 1.5 NDMercury ND ND NDMolybdenum 0.98 0.70 1.0Nickel ND ND NDSelenium ND ND NDSilver ND ND NDThallium ND ND NDVanadium 1.9 3.7 3.2Zinc ND ND ND
*units in ug/L
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Organics (Pesticides & Organics (Pesticides & Herbicides)Herbicides)
Contain an organic chain Contain an organic chain within the moleculewithin the molecule
Will adsorb to detritus (benthic Will adsorb to detritus (benthic organic matter)organic matter)
Organochlorine HerbicidesOrganochlorine Herbicides Organophosphate PesticidesOrganophosphate Pesticides PesticidesPesticides Glyphosate (“Glyphosate (“Round-Up”Round-Up”))
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What is Next?What is Next?
Sampling in the Fall, First Sampling in the Fall, First Flush, WinterFlush, Winter
BMI in SpringBMI in Spring Possible Sampling in SpringPossible Sampling in Spring
Will be reviewing data and Will be reviewing data and update monitoring plan as update monitoring plan as needed needed
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Questions & AnswersQuestions & Answers
www.placer.ca.govwww.placer.ca.gov www.foothill.comwww.foothill.com www.drycreekconservancy.orgwww.drycreekconservancy.org