1. vitamins a. sugars 2. minerals b. starches 3. water c ... · vitamins 2. minerals 3. water 4....
TRANSCRIPT
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1. Vitamins
2. Minerals
3. Water
4. Protein
5. Fat
6. Carbohydrates
a. Sugars
b. Starches
c. Fibers
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Intro to Vitamins, Minerals & Water
1. What is the main function of vitamins and minerals?
To regulate body functions
2. What foods are a lot of the vitamins and minerals we
need found in?
Fruits and Vegetables
3. Because different fruits and vegetables have
different vitamins and minerals, how can we
ensure that we get all the different vitamins and
minerals that we need?
Eat a variety of fruits and vegetables
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4. Which vegetables have the most vitamins and
minerals?
Dark greens, reds and oranges
5. What does water do for our body?
A. Carries water soluble vitamins
6. How much water should we drink every day?
At least 8 cups a day (or 64 fl. oz.)
B. Regulates body temperature
C. Carries waste products out
D. Prevents dehydration
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Vocabulary
1. Deficiency:
2. Toxicity:
3. Water Soluble:
4. Fat Soluble:
5. Macro:
6. Micro or Trace:
7. Electrolyte:
Not enough of something (shortage)
Too much of something (can become
toxic/poisonous)
Dissolves in water
Dissolves in fat
Large / Big amount
Small / Tiny amount
Minerals that help maintain fluid balance in
the body
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Vitamins and Minerals
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VITAMIN FUNCTION FOOD
SOURCES DEFICIENCIES TOXICITIES
VITAMIN FUNCTION FOOD
SOURCES DEFICIENCIES TOXICITIES
A (Fat Soluble)
D (Fat Soluble)
-Vision
-Nerves
-Growth
-Liver
-Cantaloupe
-Sweet Potatoes
-Yellow fruits and vegetables
-Blindness
-Stunted Growth
-Impaired immune system
-Loss of appetite
-Blurred vision
-Abdominal pain
-Hair loss
-Joint pain
-Helps body
absorb
calcium and
phosphorus
-Helps
strengthen
bones
-Milk
-Milk Products
-(Sunlight!)
-Rickets (bowed legs)
-Bones become too weak to support body weight
-Most toxic of all vitamins!
-Appetite loss
-Nausea & vomiting
-Kidney damage
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VITAMIN FUNCTION FOOD SOURCES DEFICIENCIES TOXICITIES
VITAMIN FUNCTION FOOD SOURCES DEFICIENCIES TOXICITIES
E (Fat Soluble)
K (Fat Soluble)
-Maintains
cell
membranes
-Fruits and Veggies
-Vegetable oils
-Fortified grains and cereals
-Nuts & seeds
-Nerve deterioration
-Can cause anemia in pre-mature babies
-Brain hemorrhages
-Stroke
-Headaches
-Muscle weakness
-Nausea
-Helps
blood
clot
-Dark green leafy vegetables
-Liver
-Hemorrhaging
-Breakage of red blood cells which causes skin to turn yellow-
(called jaundice in infants-can lead to brain damage)
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Jaundice
Phototherapy is a treatment with a special light that helps rid
the body of the bilirubin by altering it or making it easier for
the liver to get rid of it.
Bilirubin is produced
by the breakdown of
red blood cells.
Normally bilirubin
passes through the
liver. Jaundice occurs
when bilirubin builds
up faster than a
newborn's liver can
break it down and
pass it from the body.
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VITAMIN FUNCTION FOOD
SOURCES DEFICIENCIES TOXICITIES
VITAMIN FUNCTION FOOD
SOURCES DEFICIENCIES TOXICITIES
C Ascorbic Acid
(Water Soluble)
-Maintains
connective
tissues
-Protects
body
against
infection
-Citrus fruits
-Orange juice
-Strawberries
-Scurvy (spots on the skin and bleeding gums)
-Breakdown of collagen
-Kidney stones
-Interferes with actions of Vitamin E
-COENZYME!
-Used for energy metabolism
-Nerve function
-Helps digestive system
-Milk
-Bran
-Whole grains
-Poultry
-Fish
-Dried Beans
-Beriberi
(Swelling in legs, sore muscles, stiffness and weakness)
-None B1 Thiamine
(Water Soluble)
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Scurvy
Swollen and Bleeding Gums
Spots on Skin
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VITAMIN FUNCTION FOOD
SOURCES DEFICIENCIES TOXICITIES
VITAMIN FUNCTION FOOD
SOURCES DEFICIENCIES TOXICITIES
B2 Riboflavin
(Water Soluble)
-COENZYME!
-Promotes
growth
-Used for
energy
metabolism
-Milk
-Yogurt
-Cheese
-Green leafy vegetables
-Premature aging
-Cracks in the corner of mouth
-Inflammation of tongue and mouth
-None
-COENZYME!
-Maintains nervous system
-Used for energy metabolism
-Milk
-Eggs
-Meat, fish, poultry
-Whole grains
-Enriched grains
-Pellagra (Skin disorder)
-Dermatitis
-Diarrhea
-Heartburn
-Nausea
-Ulcers
B3 Niacin
(Water Soluble)
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VITAMIN FUNCTION FOOD
SOURCES DEFICIENCIES TOXICITIES
VITAMIN FUNCTION FOOD
SOURCES DEFICIENCIES TOXICITIES
Folate Folic Acid or
Folicin
(Water Soluble)
-Makes new
cells
-Leafy green vegetables
-Legumes
-Seeds
-Can lead to neural tube defects like spina bifida in infants
-Anemia
-Heartburn
-Diarrhea
-Masks B12 deficiency
-Helps make red blood cells
-Good for overall health
-Green leafy vegetables
-Animal protein
-Anemia
-Abnormal brain wave pattern
-Irritability
-Depression
-Fatigue
-Impaired memory
B6 Pyriodoxine
(Water Soluble)
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Spina Bifida
The spinal cord begins
to develop within the first
28 days of pregnancy.
Since folate makes new
cells, it is vital that the
mother’s body already
has a supply of folate in
her system to prevent
this tragic condition.
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VITAMIN FUNCTION FOOD
SOURCES DEFICIENCIES TOXICITIES
B12 Cobalamin
(Water Soluble)
-Helps make
new cells
-Maintains
nerves and
cells
-Whole grains
-Animal foods
-Insomnia
-Fatigue
-Poor nerve function
-Water retention
Water
Retention
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MINERAL FUNCTION FOOD
SOURCES DEFICIENCIES TOXICITIES
MINERAL FUNCTION FOOD
SOURCES DEFICIENCIES TOXICITIES
Calcium
(Macro)
-Maintains
strength of
bones and
teeth
-Milk
-Milk & dairy products
-Dark green leafy vegetables
-Osteoporosis -Kidney stones
-Helps build body cells
-Works with calcium
-Dairy products
-Grain products
-Meat
-Osteoporosis -Can prevent calcium from working
Phosphorus
(Macro)
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MINERAL FUNCTION FOOD
SOURCES DEFICIENCIES TOXICITIES
MINERAL FUNCTION FOOD
SOURCES DEFICIENCIES TOXICITIES
Magnesium
(Macro)
-Helps build bones
-Helps nerves and muscles work normally
-Regulates body temperature
-Dark green leafy vegetables
-Whole grain products
-Heart disease
-Heart spasms
-Diarrhea
-Lack of Coordination
-Confusion
-Coma
-Helps carry oxygen to the blood
-Helps cells use oxygen
-Red meat
-Dark green leafy vegetables
-Anemia
-Helps make red blood cells
-Paleness
-Weakness
-Heart disease
-Elevated LDLs
Iron
(Trace)
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MINERAL FUNCTION FOOD
SOURCES DEFICIENCIES TOXICITIES
MINERAL FUNCTION FOOD
SOURCES DEFICIENCIES TOXICITIES
Zinc
(Trace)
-Helps body make proteins
-Heal wounds
-Affects sense of taste and smell
-Meat
-Liver
-Fish
-Dairy products
-Stunted growth
-Rash
-Hair Loss
-Low copper absorption
-Helps strengthen teeth and prevent cavities
-Fluoridated water
-Toothpaste
-Tooth decay -Staining of teeth during development
Fluorine
(Trace)
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MINERAL FUNCTION FOOD
SOURCES DEFICIENCIES TOXICITIES
MINERAL FUNCTION FOOD
SOURCES DEFICIENCIES TOXICITIES
Copper
(Trace)
-Helps iron make red blood cells
-Whole grain products
-Weak bones
-Weak blood vessels
-Vomiting
-Nervous system disorders
-Helps body use energy
-Iodized salt
-Saltwater fish
-Some dairy products
-Goiter
(Swelling of the thyroid gland in the neck)
-Thyroid gland stops working
Iodine
(Trace)
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MINERAL FUNCTION FOOD
SOURCES DEFICIENCIES TOXICITIES
MINERAL FUNCTION FOOD
SOURCES DEFICIENCIES TOXICITIES
Sodium
(Electrolyte)
-Maintains fluid balance in the body
-Salt
-Packaged foods
-Muscle cramps
-High blood pressure
-Maintains fluid balance in the body
-Salt -Can cause convulsions in infants
-High blood pressure
Chloride
(Electrolyte)
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MINERAL FUNCTION FOOD
SOURCES DEFICIENCIES TOXICITIES
Potassium
(Electrolyte)
-Maintains fluid balance in the body
-Fruits, especially bananas and oranges
-Meat, poultry and fish
-Dry beans
-Dairy products
-Irregular heart beat
-Loss of appetite
-Muscle cramps
-Slowing of the heart beat