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THE PLACE OF CARP CULTURE IN BANGLADESH

THE PLACE OF CARP CULTURE IN BANGLADESH

Bangladesh Shrimp Foundation

By

Mahmudul Karim

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2. TABLE OF CONTENTS2. TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Title slide – 1

2. Table of contents - 2

3. Introduction - 3

4. Area coverage and types of culture systems

5. Place of farm-raised carp

6. Contribution of carp to total and source-wise fish

production

7. Carp hatchling production

8. Year-wise hatchling production

9. Some issues requiring solution

1. Title slide – 1

2. Table of contents - 2

3. Introduction - 3

4. Area coverage and types of culture systems

5. Place of farm-raised carp

6. Contribution of carp to total and source-wise fish

production

7. Carp hatchling production

8. Year-wise hatchling production

9. Some issues requiring solution

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3. INTRODUCTION3. INTRODUCTION

• Fish accounts for 60% of the animal protein consumed

Bangladesh need at least 3,423,700 MT of fish to meet the minimum requirement of animal protein for its current population of 140 million

• In 2004, total fish production was 2,102,000 MT with a short-fall of 40%

• Inland open water fisheries, once No. 1 source of fish, have been declining

• Aquaculture is a high priority area

• By 2001, aquaculture exceeded inland open water catch

• Fish accounts for 60% of the animal protein consumed

Bangladesh need at least 3,423,700 MT of fish to meet the minimum requirement of animal protein for its current population of 140 million

• In 2004, total fish production was 2,102,000 MT with a short-fall of 40%

• Inland open water fisheries, once No. 1 source of fish, have been declining

• Aquaculture is a high priority area

• By 2001, aquaculture exceeded inland open water catch

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4. TREND OF AQUACULTURE PRODUCTION BETWEEN 1972-3 & 2003-4

10,000

117,025

914,752

0

200000

400000

600000

800000

1000000

Met

ric

To

n

1972-3 1983-4 2003-4

Years

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5. CHANGES IN FISH PRODUCTION BY SOURCES AND YEARS

Inland Open,

732,067; 35%

Marine 455,207;

22%

Culture,914,752;

43%

Inland Open,

709,000; 88%

Marine, 90,000;

11%Culture, 10,000;

1%

1972-3 2003-4

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6. CARP FARM AREA COVERAGE AND TYPES OF CULTURE SYSTEMS

6. CARP FARM AREA COVERAGE AND TYPES OF CULTURE SYSTEMS

• Aquaculture is strongly carp dominated

• Carp’s artificial spawning techniques introduced in 1970’s, triggered carp aquaculture initiatives

• Aquaculture farms: 510,000 ha

Carp : 310,000 ha; Shrimp and prawn: 200,000 ha

• Carp is cultured mostly in:

♣ Excavated ponds ♣ Ox- bow lakes ♣ Borrow-pits and canals ♣ Road-side ditches ♣ prawn farms

• Local and Chinese carp polyculture is the general practice

• Aquaculture is strongly carp dominated

• Carp’s artificial spawning techniques introduced in 1970’s, triggered carp aquaculture initiatives

• Aquaculture farms: 510,000 ha

Carp : 310,000 ha; Shrimp and prawn: 200,000 ha

• Carp is cultured mostly in:

♣ Excavated ponds ♣ Ox- bow lakes ♣ Borrow-pits and canals ♣ Road-side ditches ♣ prawn farms

• Local and Chinese carp polyculture is the general practice

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7. CONTRIBUTION OF CARP IN TOTAL AND FARM-RAISED FISH PRODUCTION

7. CONTRIBUTION OF CARP IN TOTAL AND FARM-RAISED FISH PRODUCTION

• 2004: Estimated qty of cultured carp: 680,253 MT

– 32% of the total fish production (2,102,000 MT) from all sources

– 85% of all farmed fish (914,752 MT)

• In carp ponds: Av. production / ha = 2.6 MT, carp alone 85%

• 2004: Estimated qty of cultured carp: 680,253 MT

– 32% of the total fish production (2,102,000 MT) from all sources

– 85% of all farmed fish (914,752 MT)

• In carp ponds: Av. production / ha = 2.6 MT, carp alone 85%

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8. PLACE OF CULTURED CARP IN TOTAL FISH PRODUCTION (21MT): 2003 - 4

8. PLACE OF CULTURED CARP IN TOTAL FISH PRODUCTION (21MT): 2003 - 4

Shrimp, 62,000; 3%

Carp, 694,253; 33%

Other cultured

fishes from shrimp and carp ponds 162,439; 8%

Inland capture,

732,067; 34%

Marine, 455,207; 22%

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9. OVERALL ROLE OF FARMED CARP

9. OVERALL ROLE OF FARMED CARP

Role of carp culture is very significant in:

• Rural employment of men and women• Poverty reduction• Exceeds marine catch by 52% • Captured carp quantity only 5% less than total

inland catch• Elevating nutritional status: Carp alone meet 33

% of the total fish intake

Role of carp culture is very significant in:

• Rural employment of men and women• Poverty reduction• Exceeds marine catch by 52% • Captured carp quantity only 5% less than total

inland catch• Elevating nutritional status: Carp alone meet 33

% of the total fish intake

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10. CARP HATCHLING PRODUCTION10. CARP HATCHLING PRODUCTION

• Until 1989: Wild source was more important; from 1990 onward, hatchery became the major source of fish fry

• In 2003: Total carp hatchling production was 302,727 Kg; only 1,044 Kg was of wild origin

• Hatcheries contribute 99.5% to total hatchling production

• Until 1989: Wild source was more important; from 1990 onward, hatchery became the major source of fish fry

• In 2003: Total carp hatchling production was 302,727 Kg; only 1,044 Kg was of wild origin

• Hatcheries contribute 99.5% to total hatchling production

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CARP HATCHLING PRODUCTION TREND

2003: Per cent contribution of wild and hatchery

2003: Per cent contribution of wild and hatchery

1984-85: Per cent contribution of wild and hatchery sources

1984-85: Per cent contribution of wild and hatchery sources

Qnty. in Kg.

Hatchery, 4000, 14%

Wild, 24000,

86%

Qnty. in Kg.

Wild, 1000, 0%

Hatchery, 301000,

100%

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SOME ISSUES SOME ISSUES Important issues needing solutions:

• Hatchling production far in excess of culture need

• Lack of a commercial systems for multi-species fingerling production close to the farming areas

• Inbreeding leading to low quality fry and the resultant poor fish growth

• Wild brood stocks declining

• Inadequate efforts for superior brood-stock development and management

Continued…..

Important issues needing solutions:

• Hatchling production far in excess of culture need

• Lack of a commercial systems for multi-species fingerling production close to the farming areas

• Inbreeding leading to low quality fry and the resultant poor fish growth

• Wild brood stocks declining

• Inadequate efforts for superior brood-stock development and management

Continued…..

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SOME ISSUES (Concluded….)SOME ISSUES (Concluded….)Important issues needing solutions: • Heavy dependence on monsoon for water

supply in pond

• Multiple ownership and uses of fish ponds preventing fish culture in 100,000 ha of ponds

• Over-flooding of ponds in many areas• Difficult institutional loans • Difficulty in direct marketing & low return to

farmers

Important issues needing solutions: • Heavy dependence on monsoon for water

supply in pond

• Multiple ownership and uses of fish ponds preventing fish culture in 100,000 ha of ponds

• Over-flooding of ponds in many areas• Difficult institutional loans • Difficulty in direct marketing & low return to

farmers

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THANK YOUTHANK YOU