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The Federal System

Powers of the NationalGovernment

Powers Reserved toThe States

Shared Powers

-Regulate interstateAnd foreign trade-Set standard weightsAnd measures-Create and maintainArmed forces-Make copyright andPatent laws-Establish post offices-Establish foreign policy-Create federal courts-Coin money-Declare war-Admit new states

-Provide forPublic welfare-administerCriminal justice-Charter banks-Raise taxes-Borrow money

-Create corporationLaw-Regulate trade withinState-Maintain schools-Establish localGovernments-Make laws about marriageAnd divorce-Conduct elections-Provide for public safety

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State and Local Governments

State Government

Each state has it ownConstitution

State government made Up of:-executive (headed byGovernor)-Legislature-Judiciary

Powers of State Government:-create corporate law-regulate trade withinState-maintain schools-establish local Government-make laws about Marriage and divorceConduct elections-provide for public safety

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State and Local Governments

Local Government

Includes county, city and town.

Most of local budges are spent on education.

Local governments hire teachers, firefighters, police officers, and garbage collectors.

Local governments maintain roads and hospitals and provide public services.

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State and Local GovernmentsCitizenship

-A citizen is entitled to all rights and privileges of a particular nation.

-To be a citizen of the United States, a person must be one of the following:

1. Born in the United States. 2. Have a parent who is a citizen. Be 18 or younger when parents are naturalized.

Naturalization is the official legal process of becoming a citizen. Steps in process include:

1. Live in the United States for five years.2. Apply for citizenship.3. Take citizenship exam.4. Undergo interviews.5. Take a citizenship oath.

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State and Local GovernmentsCitizenship (cont)

- Some responsibilities of citizens are required by law.- Other responsibilities are not required by law. These

include serving the community, staying well informed, voting in elections and helping to create a just society.

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Amending the Constitution

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Amending the Constitution

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Amending the Constitution

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Amending the Constitution

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Amending the Constitution

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Amending the Constitution

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Amending the Constitution

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The Bill of RightsThe First 10 Amendments to the Constitution

• Take notes on the slides as they appear.

• Draw pictures to represent at least five of the amendments.

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1st Amendment

• The 1st Amendment guarantees freedom of religion, speech, the press, assembly, and petition.

• This means that we all have the right to:• practice any religion we want to• to speak freely• to assemble (meet)• to address the government (petition)• to publish newspapers, TV, radio, Internet

(press)

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QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

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2nd Amendment

• The 2nd Amendment protects the right to bear arms, which means the right to own a gun.

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3rd Amendment

• The 3rd Amendment says “No soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.”

• This means that we cannot be forced to house or quarter soldiers.

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4th Amendment

• The 4th Amendment protects the people from unreasonable searches and seizures.

• This means that the police must have a warrant to enter our homes. It also means the government cannot take our property, papers, or us, without a valid warrant based on probable cause (good reason).

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5th Amendment

• The 5th Amendment protects people from being held for committing a crime unless they are properly indicted, (accused)

• You may not be tried twice for the same crime (double jeopardy)

• You don’t have to testify against yourself in court. (Self-incrimination)

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6th Amendment

• The 6th Amendment guarantees a speedy trial (you can’t be kept in jail for over a year without a trial)

• an impartial jury (doesn’t already think you are guilty)

• that the accused can confront witnesses against them

• the accused must be allowed to have a lawyer

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7th Amendment

• The 7th Amendment guarantees the right to a speedy civil trial.

• A civil trial differs from a criminal trial. A civil trial is when someone sues someone else. A criminal trial is when the state tries to convict someone of a crime.

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8th Amendment

• The 8th Amendment guarantees that punishments will be fair and not cruel, and that extraordinarily large fines will not be set.

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9th Amendment

• All rights not stated in the Constitution and not forbidden by the Constitution belong to the people.

• This means that the states can do what they want if the Constitution does not forbid it.

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10th Amendment

• The 10th Amendment states that any power not granted to the federal government belongs to the states or to the people.