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Text AText ATime-Conscious Time-Conscious AmericansAmericans

Unit 1, Book 2

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Time SayingsTime makes wonder.

Your greatest resource is your time.

You may delay, but time will not.

Time is what we want most, but … what we use worst.

Time is the fire in which we burn.

…

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Different Concepts of TimeAmericans …

Chinese …

Your conclusion …

procrastination

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New Words in Text A

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budgetvi. budget for …

n.on a budgeta family budget

adj. cheap, inexpensivebudget account

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chargecharge … for sth.They would charge 5 dollars for

the use of telephone.

charge high / low

Charge!

n. in charge of

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acute1.acute analysis of the current

situation

2. acute painacute relief

3. 急性的（医）an acute attack of (a disease) (anto.) chronic

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elbowvt.elbow one’s way

身体部位作动词shoulder, tiptoe, finger, eye, face,

foot, thumb…

n.give sb. the elbowout at the elbows

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abruptab- : off -rupt : breakbankrupt, disrupt, erupt, interrupt,

rupture

1. in an abrupt manner

2. an abrupt change in the weather

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interactionA Bact, action

A B react, reaction

A B interact, interaction

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leisure leisure time

at leisure

at one’s leisure

work and leisure

have no leisure to do sth.

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assessassess / estimate / evaluate

assess: 原意指对商品的估价，以决定课税，现指估计价值以更好利用estimate: 根据个人的知识、经验或认识而形成看法或者判断，强调结果可能是错的，甚至只是一种想法。 I estimated his age at 40.

evaluate: 评定某人、某物的价值

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tickvi. tick away / by tick off tick over

n. in two ticks

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conductv.conduct oneself (with n.)behave oneself

n. a bad conduct

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obtainobtain / get / secure / acquire / gain / win / earn

obtain: 经过长期的计划和努力得到向往已久之物get: 普通用词secure: 在竞争对手多而目的物少的情况下“获取”acquire: 虽为努力获得，但强调在原基础上的自然增长与增添gain: 强调努力奋斗得到有价值，特别是有物质价值之物win: 突出获得者具有的有利的品质earn: 获得物与花的力气成正比

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skillfulskillful / skilled

skillful: 指人聪明，做事很灵巧，尤指手的灵巧skilled: 受过正规训练，有多年的实践经验而掌握专门技术

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competentbe competent for sth.

be competent to do sth.

be able to do

be capable of doing

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Passage Reading

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Title ： Time-Conscious Americans

-conscious:

sensible, mindful, inwardly attentive

money-consciousbody-consciousprivacy-conscioussecurity-conscious fashion-conscious

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Text Structure AnalysisPart I (Para. 1~2)General idea of the whole passage: Americans regard time as precious resources.Part II (Para. 3~7) Illustrations of the general idea:para. 3: save time in daily lifepara. 4: save time in business talkpara. 5~7: produce labor-saving devicesPart III (Para. 8)Restatement and emphasis of the general idea

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Americans believe no one stand still. (v.) keep or stay in a particular position or state followed by adjectives or adjective-like

phrases

The room stands idle. 房间闲置着。Stand firm – don’t let them tell you what to do. 要坚定 , 不要让他们对你指手画脚。They stand opposed to the new law. 他们反对这项新法律。 In the sentences, "stand" used as a linking verb.

Para. 1

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We are slaves to nothing but the clock.

We are dominated by time only.We are under the control of time only.

be slave to sth.be completely influenced or dominated by

sth. a slave to drinka slave to money

Para. 2

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Don’t take it personally.

Don’t let it upset you because they’re not doing this to you in particular.

不要认为那是针对个人的。Try: 你不应该把她对你计划的批评当作对你个人的攻击。You mustn’t take her negative comments

on your plan personally.

Para. 3

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Americans do not assess their visitors in such relaxed surroundings over extended small talk; much less do they take them out for dinner, or around the golf course while they develop a sense of trust. (Tr.)

a chat which lasts for a long timemuch less: p11 sentence structure 高尔夫球场develop a sense of …

Para. 4

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…, which though pleasant, take longer – especially given our traffic-filled streets.

taking into accountgiven + n.: Given her interest in children,

teaching should be the right career for her. 看她对孩子们的兴趣，教书应是适合她的职业。given + that: Given that they are

inexperienced, they‘ve done a good job. 考虑到他们缺乏经验，这工作他们算做得不错了。

Para. 5

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In some countries no major business is conducted without eye contact, requiring face-to-face conversation. (Tr.)

a major difference

a major operation

a major illness

a major improvement

Para. 6

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This is due partly to the fact that the telephone service is superb here, whereas the postal service is less efficient.

(conj.) but, in contrast: whileWe thought she did not like us, whereas in

fact she was very shy. 我们以为她不喜欢我们，然而事实是因为她很害羞。p11 sentence structure

Para. 7

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Unless a certain amount of time is allowed to elapse, it seems in their eyes as if the task being considered were insignificant, not worthy of proper respect. (Tr.)

(U) 重视，注重，关注 (of, for, to)He has a great respect for education (C) 方面 His failure in this respect did not upset him. (respects) 问候，敬意Give my respects to your parents.

Para. 8

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Usually the more important a task is, the more capital, energy, and attention will be poured into it in order to “get it moving”. (Tr.)

Para. 8

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Key to Exercises

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Vocabulary (III)1. charge lawyer clientcharge high fees

2. conventiona matter of convention 常规问题on formal occasion

3. efficient

4. obtain

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Vocabulary (III)5. competentbe competent for be qualified for

6. assessing

7. fulfill

8. conductingconduct a survey reaction to sth.promoted product 促销商品

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Vocabulary (III)9. consequently

10. significancebe of great significance to sth.对……至关重要

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Vocabulary （ IV ）1. fall behind2. at hand3. result in4. run out5. be slave to6. due to7. in person8. go with9. nothing but10. account to sb. for sth. 向某人解释某事

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Vocabulary (V)1. L

2. C

3. D

4. N

5. O

6. A

7. E

8. G

9. I

10. K

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Word Building (VI)1. commitment2. attraction3. appointmentappointment: 商务上的“约会”或与私人律师、私人医生等之间的“约会”date: 恋爱时的“约会”4. impression5. civilization -ize: … 化，如 modernize 现代化； urbanize 城镇化6. composition

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Word Building (VI)7. confusion

8. congratulation

9. consideration

10. explanation

11. acquisition

12. depression

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Word Building (VII)1. advisable It is advisable to do … …… 是明智的a safety belt 安全带2. desirable the sales representative 销售代表3. favorableon favorable terms 以优惠的条件 in good time = as early as possible4. considerable… object that …

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Word Building (VII)5. remarkable6. preferablebe preferable to7. drinkable8. acceptableacceptable to sb. reach an agreement

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Sentence Structure (VIII)1. much less can he write English

articles

2. much less can he manage a big company

3. much less could he carry it upstairs

4. much less have I spoken to him

5. much less to read a lot outside of it

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Sentence Structure (IX)1. Having meals at home can cost as little as

two or three dollars, whereas eating out at a restaurant is always more expensive.

2. We thought she was rather proud, whereas in fact she was just very shy.

3. We have never done anything for tm, whereas they have done so much for us.

4. Natalie prefers to stay for another week, whereas her husband prefers to leave immediately.

5. Some praise him highly, whereas others put him down severely.

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Translation (X)1. She wouldn’t take a drink, much less

would she stay for dinner.2. He thought I was lying to him, whereas

I was telling the truth.3. How do you account for the fact that

you have been late every day this week?4. The increase in their profits is due

partly to their new market strategy.5. such measures are likely to result in

the improvement of work efficiency.6. We have already poured a lot of time

and energy into the project, so we have to carry on.

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Translation (XI)1. 我认为他不会抢劫，更不用说暴力抢劫了。2. 男工平均工资每小时 10美元，而女工才每小

时 7 美元。3. 自然界的平衡一旦遭到破坏，就会带来很多不可预知的影响。4. 期末考试迫在眉睫，你最好多花点时间看书。5. 有趣的是，消费者发现越来越难以辨别某些品牌的原产国。其部分原因来自全球化带来的影响，部分原因是由于产地的变化。6. 最近一次调查表明，妇女占总劳动力的 40% 。

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Cloze (XII)1. C

2. B

3. B

4. A

5. D

6. B

7. C

8. D

9. A

10. C

11. D

12. C

13. C

14. B

15. A