1 protozoa part ii continously lecture. 2 class zoomastigophora leishmania leishmaniasis 12 million...
DESCRIPTION
3 Sand Fly Vector for leishmaniasis Genus PhlebotomusTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1
ProtozoaPart II
Continously Lecture
![Page 2: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
Class ZoomastigophoraLeishmania
• Leishmaniasis• 12 million people• Promastigote (above)
in insect vector• Amastigote in host
– Parasite in a macrophage (WBC)
![Page 3: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
Sand Fly
• Vector for leishmaniasis
• Genus Phlebotomus
![Page 4: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
![Page 5: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
• Parasites form skin ulcers.
![Page 6: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
As many as 200 lesions may form causing disability and social stigma
![Page 7: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis
• Central & South America
• Destroys mucous membranes of nose & mouth
![Page 8: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
Visceral Leishmaniasis Kala Azar
• Primarily occurs in Africa and Asia.
• Characterized by irregular fever, weight loss, swelling of spleen & liver, & anemia.
• Fatality can be 90% if untreated.
![Page 9: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
![Page 10: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
Subphylum Sarcodina
• Pseudopodia• Phagocytosis
![Page 11: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Subphylum Sarcodina
![Page 12: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
Subphylum Sarcodina Amoeba proteus
![Page 13: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
Subphylum Sarcodina Entomoeba histolytica
• Amoebic dysentery• Transmitted by food &
water contaminated with cysts
• Bloody diarrhea
![Page 14: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
![Page 15: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Freshwater Amoeba
![Page 16: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Variations in Pseudopodia
![Page 17: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
Subphylum Sarcodina Heliozoan
• Found most often in freshwater
• video
![Page 18: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
Subphylum Sarcodina Foraminifera
• Secrete a shell of calcium carbinate
• Grow new chambers as organism increases in size– Foramen (opening)
between chambers• Shells constitute vast
deposits on ocean floors
![Page 19: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19
White Cliffs of Dover, England
• Foramifera deposits uplifted from ocean floor
• Chalk
![Page 20: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
20
Pyramids of Egypt
• Made of limestone from foraminera
![Page 21: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
Subphylum Sarcodina Foraminifera
![Page 22: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
Phylum Apicomplexa• Apical complex
– Helps in penetrating host’s cells
• Endoparasites• Movement
– Male gamete• Male gametocyte
• Class Sporozoa– Plasmodium
• attacks red blood cells• malaria
![Page 23: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
Malaria
• Most important parasitic disease of humans today
• WHO estimates that 270 million new cases occur annually with 2 million annual deaths
• Parasite - species of genus Plasmodium• Transmitted by bite of infected mosquitoes
of genus Anopheles
![Page 24: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24
![Page 25: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
25
![Page 26: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
26
Mosquito feeds on blood of infected host & ingests
gametocytes
![Page 27: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
27
Gametes unite in mosquito stomach to form oocysts in wall
of stomach
![Page 28: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
28
Oocysts
![Page 29: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
29
![Page 30: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
30
Sporozoites produced in oocysts by sporogony move to salivary glands of mosquito &
are injected into next host
![Page 31: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
31
Sporozoites invade liver cells and undergo schizogony to
produce merozoites
![Page 32: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
32
Merozoites invade circulating RBCs
![Page 33: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
33
Each merozoite produces as many as 36 new merozoites through schizogony in RBCs
![Page 34: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
34
Merozoites rupture RBCs to invade other RBCs
Simultaneous lysing of RBCs causes the sudden chills & fever typical of malaria
![Page 35: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
35
Gametocytes are produced in blood & ingested by mosquito to
complete the cycle
![Page 36: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
36
Sporozoites from mosquito bite
Schizogony to make merozoites
Ingest gametocytes
Sporozoites to liver
Merozoites enter RBCs
Schizogony to make merozoites
Fertilization in stomach
Oocyst forms
Sporozoites by sporogony
Sporozoites invade salivary gland
Man Mosquito
Merozoites become gametocytesMerozoites become gametocytes Bites man
![Page 37: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
37
Malaria control involves:
• Eliminating the vectors
![Page 38: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
38
Malaria control involves:
• Reducing contact with the vectors
![Page 39: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
39
Malaria control involves:
• Administration of anti-malarial drugs
![Page 40: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
40
Phylum Cilophora
• Cilia for movement
![Page 41: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
41
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Ciliate (Paramecium)
![Page 42: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
42
Trichocysts
• Released as a defense
• Long threadlike• Release triggered by
mechanical or chemical stimulation
![Page 43: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
43
Phylum Cilophora Paramecium
• Movie
![Page 44: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
44
Phylum CilophoraVorticella
• Spiral stock attaches to substrate– Contract and extend
• Cilia used to sweep food into mouth (see arrow)
• Movie
![Page 45: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
45
Phylum CilophoraStentor
• Solitary• Use cilia to sweep
food into mouth• Movie
![Page 46: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
46
Phylum Cilophora Didinium
• Bands of cilia• Eats Paramecium
![Page 47: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
47
Phylum Cilophora Spirostoman
• Up to 3 mm long
![Page 48: 1 Protozoa Part II Continously Lecture. 2 Class Zoomastigophora Leishmania Leishmaniasis 12 million people Promastigote (above) in insect vector Amastigote](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061515/5a4d1b297f8b9ab0599985a1/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
48
The End