1: personal computer hardware
DESCRIPTION
1: Personal Computer Hardware. Networking for Home & Small Business. What do they have in common?. Common Features. Hardware OS- Required Application Software. Types of Applications. Business/Industry-specific Designed specially Medical CAD Educational Mitchell on Demand- Auto - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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1: Personal Computer HardwareNetworking for Home & Small Business
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What do they have in common?
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Common Features
• Hardware
• OS- Required
• Application Software
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Types of Applications
• Business/Industry-specific– Designed specially
• Medical• CAD• Educational• Mitchell on Demand- Auto
• General Use– Wide range use & home
• Word processing• Spreadsheet• Accounting
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Applications Classified
• Local Application– Stored on HD– Works on that PC
• Network Application– Runs over network (Internet)– 2 components
• One parts runs on local• Other part runs on remote host• Email is a good example
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Activity
1. Student chatting w/ friend in another room using IM.
2. Family keeping track of expenses using spreadsheet program on the HD.
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Activity
1. Construction company develops a program to estimate cost of building a home. Program loads from CD.
2. Person sends email to friend I other country.
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Activity
1. Real estate agent uses PC to post info about a house that other agents access.
2. Student types HW using word process program loaded from HD.
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Classes of Computers
• Mainframes
• Servers
• Desktops
• Workstations
• Laptops
• Hand-held portable devices
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Servers
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Servers
• Provides important services to end users/ clients– Quick response (multiple CPUs)– Large RAM– Multiple high capacity drives
• Used all the time– May have redundant parts to prevent failure
• File storage, email storage, web server, etc
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Workstations
• Business computers– 3-D, CAD
• Designed for special high-end apps
• Multiple CPUs, lots of RAM, multiple, high-capacity drives
• Workstations usually have very powerful graphics capabilities and a large monitor or multiple monitors.
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Workstation vs. Home PC• What do you have?• CPU• RAM• HD(s)• Monitor(s)• Video Card• Media Drive
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Activity
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Portable Devices
• Laptop, Tablet, PDA, Cell, Gaming
• Portable– Can plug into docking station
• Advantages?
• Disadvantages?
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Portable Devices
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Review
1. Where do workstations & servers keep data stored?
– Hard drive
2. Why would servers require duplicate parts?
– Needs to be accessible all the time
3. What’s another word for duplicate?– Redundant
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End of Day One
Review
1. Why hook a laptop to a docking station?– External monitor, more ports
2. Which are industry-specific applications for software?
– Excel, CAD, Word, Address Book, Medical Management
3. What are the 3 common features of computers?
– OS, Hardware, Applications
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Binary
• On (1) or Off (0) BITS• Used to represent letters, numbers, graphics, etc
– ASCII
• 8 bits = 1 byte• 1KB= 1024 bytes• 1MB= more than a million bytes• 1GB= more than a billion bytes• What’s after gigabytes?
– Terabytes (TB)
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Digital Representation
• More detail means more bits needed
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How does this relate?
• MP3 player with a song that’s 32MB– MP3 is a type of compression– 32 million bytes squeezes down to 3MB
without loss of quality– Download songs within minutes instead of
hours– Hundreds of MP3’s on a small device
• Transfer a song from PC with USB cable– USB is 480Mbps or 480 million bits per second– Less than a second speed
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Flashback
• Click Here
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Digital Communication
• Digital info transmits over distances without the quality becoming degraded.
• Modem converts bits for travel over media
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Bits: Data Transfer Rates
• kbps– Kilobits per second– Modem is 56kbps
• Mbps– Megabits per second– Cable modem is 6Mbps
• File download time theoretical
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Resolution & Frequency
• Graphic Resolution measured in pixels– Monitor– 1280 x 1024
• Analog Frequencies measured in cycles– How fast cycle or refreshes– CPU measured in Hertz– 1 Hz= one cycle per second– 300 MHz processor executes 300 million cycles per
second
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Lab
• Lab 1.3.2 Determining Data Storage Capacity
• Objectives– Determine the amount of RAM (in MB) installed
in a PC.– Determine the size of the hard disk drive (in
GB) installed in a PC.– Determine the used and available space on the
hard disk drive (in GB).– Check other types of storage devices (floppy,
CD-ROM, DVD).
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End of Day Two
Lab
• Lab 1.3.3 Determining the Screen Resolution of a Computer
• Objectives– Determine the current screen resolution of a
PC monitor.– Determine the maximum resolution for the
highest color quality.– Calculate the number of pixels needed for
resolution settings.– Identify the type of monitor and graphics card
installed.
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Review
1. Describe how a server is different from a workstation.
2. Name the 3 types of servers we discussed.
3. What are the two measures for the size of a file?
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The Computer System
• Preassembled
• Advantages:– Lower cost– Good for most applications– No wait for assembly– Typical for basic consumers
• Disadvantages:– Often lack the performance level that can be
obtained from custom built computers
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The Computer System
• Custom Built
• Advantages:– You can specify exact components you need– Generally support higher performance
applications such as graphics, gaming, and server applications
• Disadvantages:– Generally more costly than preassembled PC– Longer wait for assembly
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Your Considerations
• What do you consider to be most important when building a PC?
– Motherboard– Processor– RAM– Storage– Adapter Cards– Case & Power
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Motherboard
• Large circuit board– Connects electronics – Allows components to attach– It moves data between components
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Motherboard
• Slots for cards– Sound, Video– Most come integrated
• When selecting a motherboard it must:– Support the selected
CPU type and speed– Support the amount
and type of RAM – Have sufficient slots
to accept required cards
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CPU
• CPU– Decide 1st
– Speed measured in GHz– Faster= more heat & consume more power
• What’s the path data moves on called?– Bus
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RAM
• 2nd most important
• What’s multitasking?– May require more RAM
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Adapter Cards
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Storage Devices• What happens to RAM when no power?• Non-volatile
– Does not go when no power
• Magnetic storage devices– HD, Floppy, Tape
• Optical storage devices – Read only: CD, DVD– Write once: CD-R, DVD-R– Write many: CD-RW, DVD-RW
• Static memory (flash) drives– USB
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Peripheral Devices
• Input devices– Trackball, joystick, scanner, digital camera,
digitizer, barcode reader, microphone
• Output devices– Printer, plotter, speakers, headphones
• Storage devices– Secondary hard drive, external CD/DVD
devices, flash drives
• Networking– External modems, external NIC
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Input, Output, Storage or Networking Device
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Case & Power Supply
• Usually sold together
• Power supply must handle all devices plus future upgrades
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Surge Suppressor
• What about electrical surges?– Surge suppressor– Remove voltage spikes & surges from power
line– Surges can go through cable, phone, network
lines
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Uninterruptible Power Supply:UPS
• Internal battery
• If power goes out, kicks in
• Gives you time to save & shut down– Also protects against surge
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Review
1. Which component is the nerve center of the PC?
– CPU
2. Name 2 advantages of buying a preassembled computer.
3. You want to multitask. Which component is more important, RAM or HD?
– RAM
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Review
1. Which component connects you to a network?
• NIC
2. Name 2 output devices.
3. What does a UPS have that a surge protector doesn’t?
• Internal battery
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End of Day Three
Lab 1.4
• Handout
• Research specific components/peripherals
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Safety & Best Practices• Before you open the case…
– Shut power off & remove cable
• DO NOT OPEN MONITORS OR POWER SUPPLIES!!!!
• Devices that can be removed while power is on are called…– Hot-swappable
• Static electricity transferred from body to components is called…– ESD
• Review 1.5.1 (1,2,3)
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Installing Components
1. Hot swap or not?– If not, unplug power
2. Attach grounding strap
3. Remove old component
4. Put new one in
5. Connect cables, close case, power up
6. Driver might be in OS– Will prompt if not– Get current driver
7. Test
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What if it doesn’t work?
• Problems?– System Resources
are assigned automatically
– Check drivers– Power down &
reseat device
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Peripherals
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Installing Peripherals
• Connect on outside of PC
• Review 1.5.3
• PnP Device– PnP driver installed 1st
– Legacy, driver after connection
• If PnP device doesn’t work, what next?– Check cables- is it connected?– Check power- is it on?– Use a testing function- Print test page
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Review
• Which component process all data?– CPU
• You want to run Office & PhotoShop at the same time. Which component is most important?– RAM
• Which card allows connection to other PC’s?– NIC
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Review
• Which device protects from power line surges?– Surge suppressor
• A ____ provides backup power.– UPS
• ______ code represents characters with bits.– ASCII
• What device has duplicate parts & why?– Server, should always be accessible
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Review
• Name 2 industry specific software.– Medical, CAD
• A _____ allows you time to shut down a computer in a failure.– UPS
• How many binary digits are there?– 2- 0 or 1
• A CPU is measured in _____.– Hertz
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Review
• What is used to prevent ESD?– Grounding strap
• Your USB printer isn’t working. What do you check?– Power, USB cable, self test, drivers
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What to Study…
• Journal review questions
• This PPT
• Study Guide Handouts
• Chapter curriculum
• End of chapter summary
• End of chapter quiz
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1: Personal Computer HardwareNetworking for Home & Small Business