1 patterns of interregional unity 500 – 1300 c.e. big era four
TRANSCRIPT
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Patterns of Interregional UnityPatterns of Interregional Unity
500 – 1300 C.E.500 – 1300 C.E.
Big Era Four Big Era Four
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Patterns of Interregional UnityPatterns of Interregional Unity
Welcome to Era 4
Era 4 lasted from 500 CE to 1300
CE.
Big Era 2
300 CE – 1500 CE
Big Era 3 Big Era 5Big Era 4
1800 CE10,000 BCE 1000 BCE
Big Era 6Big Era 2
500 CE – 1300 CE
Big Era 3 Big Era 5Big Era 4
1800 CE10,000 BCE 1000 BCE
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From 500-1300 AD many connections From 500-1300 AD many connections were established among regionswere established among regions
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Beginning in the year 500 AD, numerous
inventions, trade goods, ideas, and religions
were starting to spread from their regions of
origin.
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…
By the end the 1300s, many of these important ideas and useful things had spread all across
Afroeurasia…(Africa, Europe, and Asia0
…That spread of ideas and things is
part of cultural exchange.
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Cultural exchange had many aspects.Cultural exchange had many aspects.
People shared ideas People shared ideas across regions.across regions.
Population increased Population increased and people migrated.and people migrated.
Trade networks expanded Trade networks expanded and cities grew.and cities grew.
Huge empires brought many Huge empires brought many different groups of people different groups of people
together.together.
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PopulationPopulation
IdeasIdeas
TradeTrade
EmpiresEmpires
Let’s take a closer look at each of these causes of
cultural exchange.
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World World population population grew from grew from about about 250 million to 250 million to 460 million 460 million between between 200 CE 200 CE and 1500 CE.and 1500 CE.
PopulationPopulation
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The The population population of the of the Americas Americas was much was much smaller than smaller than the the population population of of Afroeurasia.Afroeurasia.
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
3rdc.
4thc.
5thc.
6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th
PopulationPopulation
World Population
American Population
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As a result, cultural exchange in the Americas
was less extensive than in
Afroeurasia.
PopulationPopulation
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PopulationPopulation
So, we’ll look at cultural exchange
in Afroeurasia, and then return to the Americas
later.
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Population growth in Afroeurasia Population growth in Afroeurasia affected affected the environmentthe environment..
PopulationPopulation
Deforestation happened when Deforestation happened when cities and farming expanded.cities and farming expanded.
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People migrated to new People migrated to new lands in (and out) of lands in (and out) of Afroeurasia.Afroeurasia.
Vikings
Bantu-Speaking People of Africa
Mongols
Turkic Groups
People of Oceania
Arabs
Germanic Tribes
Chinese
PopulationPopulation
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• Migrating groups moved Migrating groups moved into other groups’ into other groups’ territories, forcing them territories, forcing them to go elsewhere.to go elsewhere.
• Migrating groups Migrating groups introduced new plants introduced new plants and animals into their and animals into their new homes.new homes.
• Migrations diffused Migrations diffused technologies for farming, technologies for farming, warfare, and crafts.warfare, and crafts.
• Migrations diffused Migrations diffused languages, styles of languages, styles of living, and arts.living, and arts.
PopulationPopulation
Migrations encouraged more cultural exchanges across Afroeurasia.
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EmpiresEmpires
Building states and empires involved
cultural exchanges in Afroeurasia.
During this time many, many countries and empires came… and
went.
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New ruling groups New ruling groups built on the built on the foundations of foundations of earlier states and earlier states and empires.empires.
EmpiresEmpires
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Sui ChinaSilla
Parhae
Yamoto Japan
Harsha’ Empire
Chalukya
Avar Kingdom
Frankish Kingdoms
GhanaAxum
Sassanid Empire
Byzantine Empire
States and Empires in 600 CEStates and Empires in 600 CE
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Ghana
Carolingian
Byzantine
Abbasid Caliphate
Axum
Gurjara-Pratihara
Tang China
Srivijaya
Parhae
Silla
Cordoba Caliphate
Heian Japan
States and Empires in 800 CEStates and Empires in 800 CE
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Mongol Empire
Russia
Sung China
Koryo
Kamakura Japan
Delhi Sultanate
Scandanavian Kingdoms
Mali
Zimbabwe
BeninOyo
France
Ethiopia
Ayyubid Caliphate
Almohad Caliphate
Poland
Rum
H.R.E.
Hungary
England
Portugal
Spain
States and Empires in 1237 CEStates and Empires in 1237 CE
Angkor
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Mali
Oyo Benin
Zimbabwe
Zanj City-States
Ethiopia VijayanagaraSiam
Majapahit
Ashikaga Japan
Korea
Marinids HafsidsMamluk Sultanate
Granada
Portugal Castile
France
ScotlandEngland
Union of Kalmar
Holy Roman Empire
Poland-Lithuania
Hungary
Ottoman Emp.
Russian States
Khanate of the Golden Horde
Jagatai Khanate
Ming China
Timurid Empire
States and Empires in 1400 CEStates and Empires in 1400 CE
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How did states and empires
stimulate cultural exchanges in Afroeurasia?
• Strong governments Strong governments protected trade protected trade routes and stabilized routes and stabilized currencies.currencies.
• Kings and Queens Kings and Queens were patrons of were patrons of science, religious science, religious institutions, and arts.institutions, and arts.
• Large empires Large empires brought together brought together many ethnic, many ethnic, language, and language, and religious groups.religious groups.
EmpiresEmpires
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Trade was also closely linked to
cultural exchange.
TradeTrade
Empires supported trade in
Afroeurasia. Merchants traveled great distances in search of wealth.
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The number of cities grew, as The number of cities grew, as well as trade networks between well as trade networks between
them.them.TradeTrade
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From 300-1500 CE, trade routes extended From 300-1500 CE, trade routes extended farther and were used by more travelers.farther and were used by more travelers.
TradeTrade
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• Trade helped spread Trade helped spread religions, religions, languages, ideas, languages, ideas, and arts.and arts.
• Trade stimulated Trade stimulated use of natural use of natural resources.resources.
• Cities and Cities and manufacturing manufacturing centers grew centers grew bigger.bigger.
• Banks, credit, and Banks, credit, and money systems money systems encouraged regional encouraged regional and long distance and long distance trade.trade.
TradeTrade
How did expanding trade networks bring about cultural exchanges in
Afroeurasia?
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During this time universal religions
spread across Afroeurasia.
Universal religions are belief systems
that anyone can join – they’re not limited to any one group.
IdeasIdeas
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The spread of universal religions The spread of universal religions from 300-1500 CEfrom 300-1500 CE
IdeasIdeas
Buddhism
Hinduism
Islam
Christianity
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Who spread these universal Who spread these universal religions across Afroeurasia?religions across Afroeurasia?
Monks spread Monks spread Buddhism.Buddhism.
Traders and Sufi Traders and Sufi orders spread orders spread
Islam.Islam.
MissionariesMissionariesspread spread
ChristianityChristianity..
IdeasIdeas
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• Universal faiths gave Universal faiths gave members a sense of members a sense of community beyond community beyond political, class, or political, class, or ethnic identities.ethnic identities.
• Religious scholars Religious scholars gathered and recorded gathered and recorded knowledge and knowledge and founded institutions of founded institutions of learning.learning.
• The spread of religions The spread of religions stimulated production stimulated production and exchange of arts, and exchange of arts, literature, philosophy, literature, philosophy, and the sciences.and the sciences.
How did the spread of religion
encourage cultural exchange
in Afroeurasia?
IdeasIdeas
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You might say that by 1500 CE the world was
connected, right?
If you had to put the changes in
this era into one sentence, what
would it be?
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Is that why people from Afroeurasia discovered the
Americas, and not the opposite?
Stern-Stern-rudderrudder
CompassCompass
Lateen SailLateen Sail
MapmakingMapmaking
Cultural exchange in Afroeurasia before 1500 CE made possible the technologies that in turn permitted transoceanic voyages.