1 pacific disaster center 590 lipoa parkway, suite 259 kihei, maui, hawaii 96753 - [email protected]...
TRANSCRIPT
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Pacific Disaster Center
590 Lipoa Parkway, Suite 259
Kihei, Maui, Hawaii 96753http://www.pdc.org - [email protected]
1-808-891-0525 - 1-808-891-0526 (Fax)
Natural Disasters in the Asia-Pacific Region: Trends and Prospects
International Seminar on Disaster Management:
Emerging Challenges for the Armed Forces
New Delhi, India
December 6, 2005
Craig Chellis
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Asia- Pacific Region Has High Risk
About 40% of all major natural hazards
About 60% of all deaths
• Natural Hazards– Typhoons/Cyclones
– Storm Surge– Flooding
– Earthquakes– Tsunamis– Landslides – Volcanoes– Heat/cold waves– Drought
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• Human Induced/Technological Disasters– Terrorism– CBRN (Chemical, Biological, Nuclear, Radiological,)– Oil/chemical spills– Fires– Transportation
• Biological Hazards– HIV/AIDS– Vector Borne Infectious Diseases (Influenza, Yellow,
Dengue, West Nile, and Lassa Fevers)– Hepatitis– Cholera– Diphtheria
Disaster Threats in the Asia - Pacific Region
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• Emerging Epidemics (?) –Avian Influenza–Ebola–Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome–Mad Cow Disease–West Nile Fever
• Re-occurring Epidemics (?)–Polio–Small Pox (?)
Disaster Threats in the A- P Region (Cont.)
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• Lives and Property– Catastrophic Damage– Loss of Life– Population Displacement
• Disruption of Social/Economic Processes– Food Production– Communications– Transportation
• Introduction of Health and Economic “Stressors”– Associated Diseases– Disruption/Stress of Health/Social Services– Economic/Governance Stability
Effects Are Local and Regional
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Global Economic Losses Increasing
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Economic Losses Highest in the A-P Region
Over 50% of Global Total in Asia
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Severe Weather the Main Global Threat
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Asia Leads in Weather- related Disasters
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Disaster Deaths Highest in the A-P Region
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Risk Is Increasing in the Region
• Asia-Pacific Region is Rapidly Changing– Population Growth– Economic Importance– Cultural/Political Impacts
• Pace of Development and Inability to Withstand Major Disasters are Leading to Increased Risk– Rapid, Poorly Planned Development– Marginal Support Infrastructure
• Regional Development and Natural/Technogenic Threats = Increased Number of Human Disasters
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Who is most affected?
• Of 2,557 natural disasters reported over the last ten years, • Two-thirds of those killed came from countries of low human
development (LHD) • Just 2 per cent came from highly developed nations.
• On average, 22.5 people die per reported disaster in highly developed nations, while each disaster in LHD countries claims an average of 1,052 people.
• By comparing the totals of reported killed with the total number of disasters, the relationship between development and disasters impacts becomes stark.
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Global Natural “Ultra Disasters”
Contrast the “Great Sumatra” Earthquake andTsunami”…• Over 250,000 killed• Damage estimated at US$16B
…With the recent “Katrina” Hurricane Cyclone that resulted in:
• Approximately 2,000 dead• Damage estimated at US$40B
Commonality:• Disproportional Impact on the Poor
Bearing the Brunt…
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Meeting the Challenges
• Become proactive not reactive– Anticipate Hazards– Manage Risk, Understand Vulnerability and
Social/Economic Impacts of Hazards down to the Community Level
– Prepare, and Adopt Mitigation Measures to Reduce Losses of Life and Property and Accompanying Disruption
– Build Resilience to Hazards into the Process of ALL Decision-Makers
• Create Partnerships Among Government, Military, Academia, Industry, and the Public ( Local, National and International)
• Enhance Information and Communications Infrastructure
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Resources & Possibilities
• Increased Access To Data & Information – Remote Sensing– In-Situ, Accessible Networks – Portable Collection & Viewing Resources
• Knowledge & Situational Awareness– Information Addressing Complex Issues
• Risk & Vulnerability Assessment • Land Use/Community Planning • Emergency Management • Health
– Knowledge-based Planning• Preparedness, Mitigation and Recovery, not just response• Linked to Sustainable Development
Meeting the Information Challenges