1 mining: social issues - world...
TRANSCRIPT
1
MIN
ING
: S
OC
IAL
ISS
UE
S
pre
limin
ary
note
s on t
he
poss
ible
im
pac
ts o
f m
inin
g
dev
elopm
ent
on c
itiz
ens
Soci
al iss
ues
arisi
ng fro
m im
pac
ts o
n:
Acc
ess
to s
oci
al s
ervi
ces
Nat
ura
l re
sourc
esLi
velih
oods
2
Pop
ulat
ion
Influ
x
It is
estim
ated
that
the
popula
tion influx
will
be
80,0
00.
This
will
incl
ude
peo
ple
fro
m o
ther
ai
mag
san
d f
rom
outs
ide
Mongolia
Most
mig
rants
will
be
sear
chin
g f
or
inco
me-
gen
erat
ing o
pport
unitie
s both
within
and
around t
he
min
eTher
e m
ay b
e co
nce
ntr
atio
ns
of
peo
ple
in
exis
ting o
r new
cen
ters
M
igra
nts
may
tra
vel w
ith fam
ily o
r m
ay t
rave
l al
one
Ther
e w
ill b
e a
mix
of sk
illed
and u
nsk
illed
la
bore
rs
3
Pop
ulat
ion
Influ
x M
anag
ing
Acc
ess
to S
ervi
ces
Exis
tin
g f
aci
liti
es
wil
l n
eed
to
su
pp
ort
larg
er
po
pu
lati
on
s •
Exi
stin
g s
ervi
ces
in r
ura
l ar
eas
are
report
edly
str
etch
ed (
inad
equat
e m
edic
al p
erso
nnel
, sp
ecia
lized
tea
cher
s, a
nd m
edic
al e
quip
men
t)
If n
ot
pro
per
ly m
anag
ed,
incr
easi
ng t
he
load
without
stre
ngth
enin
g t
he
serv
ices
will
cau
se t
he
syst
em t
o w
eake
n a
nd p
erhap
s co
llapse
Po
ssib
le a
ctio
ns
Gove
rnm
ent:
Incr
ease
inve
stm
ents
in s
ervi
ces
in a
reas
affec
ted b
y popula
tion
incr
ease
s.
(Additio
nal
res
ourc
es s
hould
rec
ogniz
e th
e pote
ntial
num
ber
of unre
gis
tere
d
mig
rants
.)In
crea
se r
esourc
es a
vaila
ble
for
recu
rren
t sp
endin
g for
serv
ice
del
iver
y in
ar
eas
affec
ted b
y popula
tion incr
ease
s. (
Additio
nal
res
ourc
es s
hould
re
cogniz
e th
e pote
ntial
num
ber
of
unre
gis
tere
d m
igra
nts
.)Pr
ovi
de
ince
ntive
s fo
r se
rvic
e pro
vider
s to
work
in r
ura
l ar
eas.
Min
ing c
om
pan
ies:
Use
the
oppor
tunity
to c
ontr
ibute
to c
om
munity
dev
elopm
ent
(e.g
.co
nst
ruct
ion o
f hea
lth c
ente
rs,
schools
, et
c.).
Ensu
re t
hat
contr
ibutions
to s
ervi
ce d
eliv
ery
are
coord
inat
ed w
ith
rele
vant
min
istr
ies
espec
ially
vis
-à-v
is o
per
atio
ns
and m
ainte
nan
ce
4
Pop
ulat
ion
Influ
x M
anag
ing
Acc
ess
to S
ervi
ces
Inco
min
g m
igra
nts
wil
l re
qu
ire a
ccess
to
serv
ices
Those
work
ing in m
ines
will
lik
ely
have
acc
ess
to s
ervi
ces
pro
vided
by
the
min
ing c
om
pan
yM
igra
nts
not
work
ing f
or
the
min
es m
ay n
ot
hav
e th
e re
quired
docu
men
ts t
o r
egis
ter
as r
esid
ents
in a
new
soum
Unre
gis
tere
d m
igra
nts
may
not
hav
e per
sonal fu
nds
to a
cces
s se
rvic
esIn
form
al s
ettlem
ents
may
gro
w f
ar f
rom
exi
stin
g f
acili
ties
If n
ot
pro
per
ly m
anag
ed,
untr
eate
d illn
esse
s m
ay r
esult in t
hre
ats
to
public
hea
lth a
s w
ill p
oorl
y dis
pose
d s
olid
was
te.
Inad
equat
e sc
hoolin
g
will
res
ult in t
he
emer
gen
ce o
f poo
rly-
educa
ted y
outh
at
risk
of
par
tici
pat
ing in v
iole
nce
and c
rim
e.
Po
ssib
le a
ctio
ns
Gove
rnm
ent
Support
initia
tive
s to
pro
vide
emplo
ymen
t an
d r
egis
trat
ion d
ocu
men
tation
for
mig
rant
work
ers
Prom
ulg
ate
innova
tions
for
serv
ice
del
iver
y su
ch a
s m
obile
clin
ics
Tow
n d
evel
opm
ent
should
incl
ude
consu
ltat
ions
with r
elev
ant
min
istr
ies
to
ensu
re t
he
avai
labili
ty o
f re
sourc
es for
the
oper
atio
n a
nd m
ainte
nan
ce o
f new
fac
ilities
5
Pop
ulat
ion
Influ
x P
ublic
Hea
lth &
Law
and
Ord
er
A r
ise
in inco
me
among s
om
e, c
hro
nic
unem
plo
ymen
t am
ong o
ther
s; inco
me
ineq
ual
ity;
and
an influx
of
mig
rants
may
resu
lt in:
An incr
ease
in a
lcohol co
nsu
mption
An incr
ease
in d
om
estic
viole
nce
An incr
ease
in c
om
mer
cial
sex
An incr
ease
in x
enophobia
and h
ate-
crim
es
An incr
ease
in o
vera
ll cr
ime
If n
ot
pro
per
ly m
anag
ed,
this
may
lea
d t
o ‘fr
ontier
tow
ns’
wher
e vi
ole
nce
, vi
ce,
and c
rim
e ar
e ra
mpan
t.
Thes
e ac
tivi
ties
may
als
o r
esult in a
bac
klas
h a
gai
nst
min
ing c
om
pan
ies
from
loca
l re
siden
ts.
Po
ssib
le a
ctio
ns
Gove
rnm
ent
Str
ength
en a
nti-v
iole
nce
, an
ti-c
rim
e, a
nd p
ublic
hea
lth initia
tive
s In
crea
se c
apac
ity
and r
esourc
es o
f lo
cal gove
rnm
ent
to m
anag
e la
w a
nd o
rder
Incr
ease
capac
ity
of
loca
l la
w a
nd o
rder
off
icia
ls t
o m
anag
e cr
oss
-cultura
l co
nflic
tSupport
initia
tive
s on c
ross
-cultura
l ed
uca
tion a
nd m
anag
emen
tExp
lore
mec
han
ism
s to
dam
pen
price
hik
es o
r pro
tect
vuln
erab
le g
roups
from
price
hik
es
Gove
rnm
ent
and C
ivil
Soci
ety
Str
ength
en t
he
del
iver
y of
pre
venta
tive
and c
ura
tive
public
hea
lth m
essa
ges
Em
bar
k on c
ivic
and leg
al e
duca
tion c
ampai
gns
Support
initia
tive
s on c
ross
-cultura
l ed
uca
tion a
nd m
anag
emen
t
Min
ing C
om
pan
ies
Build
rec
reat
ional
cen
ters
in m
inin
g c
om
pounds
and m
inin
g t
ow
ns
and p
rom
ote
rec
reat
ional
ac
tivi
ties
Support
initia
tive
s on c
ross
-cultura
l ed
uca
tion a
nd m
anag
emen
tAdopt
det
erre
nce
polic
ies
for
vice
, so
cial
ly-d
isru
ptive
, an
d c
rim
inal
act
ivity
6
Nat
ural
Res
ourc
esLa
nd u
se is
chan
gin
g …
39,6
83,3
70 h
a of la
nd in t
he
Gobi ai
mag
sis
under
exp
lora
tion a
nd
explo
itat
ion lic
ense
s as
of
January
2,
2009 (
Open
Soci
ety
Foru
m)
Som
e of
the
land c
urr
ently
use
d for
pas
ture
will
be
pla
ced u
nder
licen
se,
appro
priat
ed f
or
build
ing infr
astr
uct
ure
, or
use
d f
or
new
tow
ns
Ove
r tim
e, p
astu
re land m
ay d
ecre
ase
in s
ize
and p
roduct
ivity
asm
ore
la
nd is
appro
priat
ed f
or
oth
er u
ses
Wat
er is
a sc
arce
res
ourc
e …
Wat
er a
vaila
bili
ty m
ay d
ecre
ase
as h
erder
s, m
ines
, an
d o
ther
in
dust
ries
put
pre
ssure
on a
vaila
ble
res
ourc
es
Est
imat
es o
f m
ine
dem
and f
or
wate
r ar
e ap
pro
xim
atel
y 120,0
00m
3 p
er
day
by
2015 a
nd 2
00,0
00m
3 p
er d
ay b
y 2020
Wat
er q
ual
ity
may
dim
inis
h a
s a
resu
lt o
f co
nta
min
atio
n (
from
min
ing
activi
ty a
nd p
oor
sanitat
ion)
Curr
ent
estim
ates
note
that
ther
e is
suff
icie
nt
wat
er t
o m
eet
dem
and
for
appro
xim
atel
y 25 y
ears
7
Nat
ural
Res
ourc
esIm
pro
per
man
agem
ent
may
lea
d t
o:
Res
ourc
e dis
pute
s:Conflic
ts b
etw
een h
erder
s and m
iner
s/m
inin
g c
om
pan
ies
ove
r av
aila
bili
ty o
f la
nd a
nd/o
r w
ater
Impact
s on liv
elih
ood
s:
Her
din
g m
ay
bec
om
e le
ss v
iable
ove
r tim
e if p
ast
ure
land
dec
rease
s; o
lder
her
der
s m
ay f
ace
im
pove
rish
men
t Pu
blic
hea
lth c
once
rns:
Dis
ease
and p
ois
onin
g if
wate
r is
conta
min
ate
d
Po
ssib
le a
ctio
ns
Gove
rnm
ent
Incl
ude
her
der
s an
d o
ther
seg
men
ts o
f th
e lo
cal co
mm
unity
in t
he
pro
cess
of
gra
nting lic
ense
s (a
s per
the
Min
eral
s La
w A
rtic
le 2
2)
Dev
elop g
uid
elin
es f
or
com
pen
sation t
o h
erder
s to
ensu
re t
hat
com
pen
sation f
or
relo
cation
and/o
r re
duct
ion o
f pas
ture
lan
d c
ove
rs loss
of phys
ical
ass
ets
and p
rovi
des
liv
elih
ood s
upport
an
d w
her
e nec
essa
ry,
livel
ihood r
esto
ration
Req
uire
soci
al as
sess
men
ts f
rom
min
ing c
om
pan
ies
(and join
t so
cial
ass
essm
ents
wher
e nec
essa
ry)
to p
rovi
de
guid
ance
on a
deq
uat
e m
anag
emen
t of
pro
ject
aff
ecte
d p
eople
s
Gove
rnm
ent
and o
ther
act
ors
Monitor
the
impac
t of
all ac
tivi
ties
on w
ater
by
colle
ctin
g d
ata
(pro
ject
s ex
ist
, ex
plo
re s
calin
g
them
up)
Prom
ote
effort
s to
colle
ctiv
ely
and e
quitab
ly m
anag
e av
aila
ble
wat
er s
ourc
esSet
up a
mec
han
ism
to p
lan r
egio
nal
wat
er u
se a
nd m
anag
emen
t in
the
short
, m
ediu
m,
and
long t
erm
.
Civ
il so
ciet
y org
aniz
atio
ns/
com
munitie
sU
tiliz
e ex
isting leg
isla
tion t
o s
upport
her
der
s w
ho w
ant
to p
rote
ct p
astu
re land
8
Live
lihoo
ds
Ther
e w
ill b
e direc
t em
plo
ymen
t as
:M
inin
g c
om
pan
ies
pro
vide
jobs
for
both
ski
lled a
nd u
nsk
illed
la
bore
rsM
inin
g c
om
pan
ies
outs
ourc
e th
e pro
visi
on o
f goods
and s
ervi
ces
Ther
e w
ill b
e in
direc
t em
plo
ymen
t as
:O
pport
unitie
s fo
r la
bore
rs in b
uild
ing m
inin
g-a
ssoci
ated
in
fras
truct
ure
em
erge
Opport
unitie
s in
non-m
inin
g-r
elat
ed a
reas
em
erge
9
Live
lihoo
ds-T
he L
abor
Mar
ket
Ther
e is
a s
kills
gap
bet
wee
n t
he
loca
l la
bor
mar
ket
and s
om
e of
the
min
ing c
om
pan
y nee
ds
Per
pet
uat
ing t
his
gap
could
mea
n a
per
man
ent
pre
sence
of
mig
rant
work
ers
and
entr
epre
neu
rs w
hic
h c
ould
res
ult in r
esen
tmen
t bet
wee
n loca
ls a
nd m
igra
nts
and/o
r lo
cals
an
d m
inin
g c
om
pan
ies
Po
ssib
le a
ctio
ns:
Gove
rnm
ent:
Intr
oduce
short
-ter
m m
easu
res
to fill
the
skill
s gap
, fo
r ex
ample
, tim
e-bound in-m
igra
tion
polic
ies
for
sem
i-sk
illed
work
ers
Link
tert
iary
educa
tion a
nd v
oca
tional
tra
inin
g c
urr
icula
to t
he
nee
ds
of th
e la
bor
mar
ket
Engag
e in
eff
ort
s to
incr
ease
the
qual
ity
of se
condar
y-sc
hool le
aver
s
Gove
rnm
ent
and m
inin
g c
om
pan
ies:
Under
take
rap
id t
rain
ing p
rogra
ms
to s
upport
the
tran
sition fro
ma r
elia
nce
on m
igra
nt
work
ers
to o
ne
on loca
l w
ork
ers
Provi
de
schola
rship
s to
support
continuin
g e
duca
tion for
studen
ts a
nd e
mplo
yees
Min
ing c
om
pan
ies:
Exp
and o
n-t
he-
job-t
rain
ing o
pport
unitie
sD
evel
op m
ento
rship
pro
gra
ms
for
less
-exp
erie
nce
d s
taff
Provi
de
schola
rship
s to
support
continuin
g e
duca
tion for
studen
ts a
nd e
mplo
yees
Com
munitie
sStr
ongly
enco
ura
ge
school-
age
youth
to inve
st in t
hei
r ed
uca
tion r
ather
than
purs
uin
g s
hort
-te
rm g
ains
in m
inin
g w
ork
10
Live
lihoo
dsP
rivat
e S
ecto
r Dev
elop
men
t
Indirec
t em
plo
ymen
t ef
fect
s ar
e ex
trem
ely
import
ant
for
loca
l ec
onom
ies
Indirec
t em
plo
ymen
t in
cludes
em
plo
ymen
t in
firm
s th
at s
upply
goods
and s
ervi
ces
to m
ines
and n
on-m
ine-
rela
ted e
mplo
ymen
t
Po
ssib
le a
ctio
ns:
Gove
rnm
ent:
Pro
vide
ince
ntive
s fo
r m
inin
g c
om
pan
ies
to s
ourc
e lo
cal goods
and
serv
ices
Support
the
gro
wth
of
mic
ro,
smal
l, a
nd m
ediu
m s
ized
ente
rprise
san
d b
uild
thei
r ca
pac
ity
to e
ngage
with m
inin
g c
om
pan
ies
(e.g
. busi
nes
s dev
elopm
ent,
abili
ty t
o b
id for
contr
acts
)
Gove
rnm
ent
and o
ther
act
ors
(priva
te s
ecto
r, c
ivil
soci
ety)
Work
with h
erder
s to
dev
elop o
rgan
izat
ional
model
s th
rough w
hic
hth
ey c
an p
artici
pat
e in
eco
nom
ic a
ctiv
ity
11
Live
lihoo
ds-B
usin
ess
skills
Indiv
idual
s, h
ouse
hold
s, a
nd b
usi
nes
ses
should
be
wel
l-posi
tioned
to
reap
max
imum
ben
efits
from
the
emer
gin
g
econom
ic o
pport
unitie
s
Po
ssib
le a
ctio
ns
Gove
rnm
ent
Impro
ve t
he
envi
ronm
ent
for
doin
g b
usi
nes
s, e
.g.
by
mak
ing
it fas
ter
to s
tart
a b
usi
nes
s, p
rom
oting t
he
incr
ease
of
avai
labili
ty o
f cr
edit,
and m
akin
g it
easy
to e
mplo
y w
ork
ers
Gove
rnm
ent
and o
ther
act
ors
Build
entr
epre
neu
rial
and inve
stm
ent
skill
s Pr
om
ote
per
sonal
fin
anci
al m
anag
emen
t (e
.g.
savi
ngs
and
inve
stm
ent)
at
the
house
hold
lev
el
12
Live
lihoo
ds-H
erdi
ngH
erdin
g m
ay b
ecom
e le
ss v
iable
as
a liv
elih
ood a
s her
der
s ar
e re
loca
ted,
pas
ture
land d
ecre
ases
, qual
ity
wat
er s
upplie
s dim
inis
h,
and h
erdin
g g
row
s le
ss a
ppea
ling
to
younger
gen
erat
ions
Po
ssib
le a
ctio
ns
Gove
rnm
ent
Pro
vide
guid
elin
es a
nd d
evel
op m
onitoring m
echan
ism
s to
ensu
re t
hat
co
mpen
sation a
nd r
eloca
tion e
nsu
res
livel
ihood r
esto
ration f
or
vuln
erab
le h
ouse
hold
s (t
his
may
incl
ude
requir
ing m
inin
g c
om
pan
ies
to
under
take
soci
al im
pac
t as
sess
men
ts)
Cre
ate
mec
hanis
ms
to m
onitor
the
com
pen
sation a
nd r
eloca
tion p
roce
ss
to e
nsu
re t
hat
her
der
s ar
e not
impove
rish
ed b
y re
loca
tion
Str
ength
en m
echan
ism
s to
monitor
and e
nfo
rce
the
envi
ronm
enta
l re
stora
tion r
equir
emen
ts o
f th
e M
iner
als
Law
Gove
rnm
ent
and m
inin
g c
om
pan
ies
Pro
vide
finan
cial
sec
urity
for
her
der
s ‘c
row
ded
out’
of her
din
g a
s a
resu
lt o
f re
loca
tion o
r en
viro
nm
enta
l deg
radat
ion
Est
ablis
h a
soci
al r
ehab
ilita
tion f
und t
o m
anag
e ad
vers
e so
cial
im
pac
ts
on c
om
munitie
s (p
erhap
s si
mila
r to
the
envi
ronm
enta
l re
hab
ilita
tion
fund)
13
Bus
ines
s A
dvis
ory
Cen
ter (
1)Th
e g
overn
men
t o
f K
aza
kh
stan
req
uir
es
larg
e m
ult
inati
on
al
org
an
izati
on
s to
pay a
man
dato
ry s
oci
al ta
x,
or
pro
vid
e d
irect
fu
nd
s in
to lo
cal d
evelo
pm
en
t p
roje
cts.
The
pro
ject
support
ed e
ntr
epre
neu
rs t
hro
ugh t
he
crea
tion o
f a
busi
nes
s ce
nte
r su
pport
ed b
y Chev
ron T
exac
o a
nd C
itig
roup
Kaz
akhst
an a
nd im
ple
men
ted b
y U
ND
P
Chev
ron T
exac
o g
ave
a $400,0
00 g
rant
to U
ND
P to
est
ablis
h a
nd
man
age
a b
usi
ness
cen
ter.
UN
DP
hired
a t
ech
nic
al ad
vis
er
to t
rain
lo
cal co
nsu
ltan
ts o
n s
ound b
usi
nes
s pra
ctic
esThe
cente
r pro
vides
dro
p-i
n s
erv
ices,
sem
inars
, tr
ain
ing
and
wo
rksh
op
sto
loca
l en
trep
reneu
rsChev
ron T
exas
pro
vided
res
ourc
es f
or
a p
ilo
t m
icro
-cre
dit
sch
em
efo
r gra
duat
es o
f th
e en
trep
reneu
rial
tra
inin
g s
emin
ar o
ffer
ed b
yth
e ce
nte
r an
d C
itig
roup p
rovi
ded
UN
DP
with a
furt
her
$100,0
00 for
loan
ca
pital
With a
dditio
nal
res
ourc
es fro
m b
oth
multin
atio
nal
s, S
MEs
hav
e ac
cess
to
sec
reta
rial
support
, w
ork
spac
e, leg
al h
elp a
nd o
ffic
e su
pplie
s
14
Bus
ines
s A
dvis
ory
Cen
ter (
2)
The
cente
r has
advi
sed h
undre
ds
of lo
cal firm
sIt
has
cre
ated
230 b
usi
nes
s pla
ns
More
than
$2 m
illio
n in loan
s have
bee
n d
isburs
ed530 n
ew jobs
have
bee
n c
reat
edN
ew b
usi
nes
ses
hav
e sp
rung u
p s
uch
as
a priva
te a
mbula
nce
ser
vice
, bow
ling a
lley,
and t
he
city
’s f
irst
super
mar
ket
Chev
ron T
exac
o now
pro
cure
s m
ore
goods
and s
ervi
ces
loca
lly,
ther
eby
reduci
ng c
ost
s.
Support
of
this
pro
gra
m im
pro
ves
com
munity
rela
tions
and c
ontr
ibute
s to
ast
able
eco
nom
ic a
nd p
olit
ical
envi
ronm
ent
for
the
com
pan
y’s
oper
atio
ns.
Key L
earn
ing
Po
int
When
a lar
ge
corp
ora
te e
stab
lishes
its
elf in
a r
egio
n t
hat
has
aw
eak
econom
y an
d s
upport
s SM
E d
evel
opm
ent,
it
is lik
ely
to b
enef
it f
rom
the
resu
ltin
g loca
l ec
onom
ic d
evel
opm
ent
thro
ugh incr
ease
d loca
l pro
cure
men
t an
d a
bet
ter-
educa
ted w
ork
forc
e.
(Sourc
e:
Part
ner
ship
s fo
r Sm
all Ente
rprise
Dev
elopm
ent)
15
Live
lihoo
dsIm
pro
per
man
agem
ent
may
lead
to:
Impove
rish
men
t of
her
der
s, e
spec
ially
old
er a
nd infirm
her
der
s w
ho a
re u
nab
le t
o t
ransi
tion t
o m
inin
g w
ork
Impove
rish
men
t or
econom
ic s
tagnat
ion if
the
loca
l popula
tion c
annot
gai
n a
footh
old
in t
he
emer
gin
g e
conom
y Soci
al c
onflic
t as
a r
esult o
f lo
cal re
siden
ts p
erce
ivin
g
them
selv
es a
s ‘c
row
ded
out’
by
outs
ider
s an
d r
isin
g inco
me
ineq
ual
ity
(par
ticu
larly
bet
wee
n m
igra
nts
and loca
l re
siden
ts):
Soci
al c
onflic
t bet
wee
n loca
ls a
nd m
igra
nts
(fr
om
within
and
outs
ide
of M
ongolia
)Soci
al c
onflic
t drive
n b
y unem
plo
yed a
nd d
isill
usi
oned
youth
(w
ho
may
hav
e flock
to m
inin
g c
ente
rs in s
earc
h o
f opport
unitie
s an
d
fail
to fin
d t
hem
)D
isco
nte
nt
among r
esid
ents
-m
anifes
ted in d
ispute
s, p
etty
crim
e an
d v
iole
nce
, xe
nophobic
crim
es,
and lar
ge
scal
e pro
test
16
Cro
ss-C
uttin
g Is
sues
Cal
ls fo
r Ben
efit
Sha
ring
Loca
l co
mm
unitie
s ar
e ca
lling f
or
a pro
port
ion o
f ben
efits
to
reve
rt t
o t
hem
thro
ugh:
Roya
ltie
s an
d lic
ense
fee
sJo
bs
and o
ther
inco
me
gen
erat
ing o
pport
unitie
s‘D
evel
opm
ent’
in e
xchan
ge
for
nat
ura
l re
sourc
es (
hosp
ital
s,
schools
, ro
ads,
tel
com
s, a
cces
s to
mar
kets
, et
c.)
Citiz
ens
are
calli
ng for
incr
ease
d g
row
th o
pport
unitie
s fo
r direc
tly-
affe
cted
are
a an
d c
ountr
y as
a w
hole
by:
Usi
ng a
dditio
nal
res
ourc
es t
o s
tren
gth
en e
xist
ing g
row
th
area
s (e
.g.
tourism
) an
d e
xplo
re n
ew g
row
th o
pport
unitie
sIn
vest
ing in h
um
an c
apital
17
Cro
ss-C
uttin
g Is
sues
Sus
tain
able
Dev
elop
men
t
One-
off inve
stm
ents
by
min
ing c
om
pan
ies
(e.g
. eq
uip
men
t fo
r hosp
ital
s) s
hould
be
mad
e in
consu
ltat
ion w
ith r
elev
ant
gove
rnm
ent
agen
cies
and c
om
munity
mem
ber
s to
ensu
re t
he
avai
labili
ty o
f re
sourc
es t
o o
per
ate,
mai
nta
in,
and s
upport
those
in
vest
men
ts
Dev
elopin
g a
loca
l ec
onom
ic d
evel
opm
ent
pla
n t
o w
hic
h t
he
min
ing c
om
pan
y is
vie
wed
as
a co
ntr
ibuto
r ca
n c
ontr
ibute
to t
he
alig
nm
ent
of
com
pan
y pla
nnin
g a
nd g
ove
rnm
ent
priorities
Loca
l ec
onom
ic d
evel
opm
ent
pla
ns
should
be
mad
e in
co
llabora
tion w
ith loca
l gove
rnm
ent
and c
om
munity
mem
ber
s an
d t
hey
should
be
alig
ned
with a
ctual
and p
roje
cted
res
ourc
e al
loca
tions
within
gove
rnm
ent,
an
d e
xist
ing loca
l an
d r
egio
nal
pla
nnin
g
Inve
stm
ents
in s
oci
al a
sset
s sh
ould
consi
der
the
life
of th
e m
ine
to a
void
inve
stm
ents
that
will
surv
ive
the
tow
n in w
hic
h t
hey
are
m
ade
18
Cro
ss-C
uttin
g Is
sues
Gov
erna
nce
Mec
hani
sms
Sust
ainab
ility
is
close
ly r
elat
ed t
o loca
l par
tici
pat
ion o
f nei
ghboring c
om
munitie
s in
the
dec
isio
ns
affe
ctin
g t
hem
It is
critic
al t
hat
the
com
munity,
the
min
ing c
om
pan
y, a
nd t
he
gove
rnm
ent
dev
elop a
mec
han
ism
thro
ugh w
hic
h t
o:
Engag
e in
dia
logue
and s
har
e in
form
atio
nM
ake
dec
isio
ns
Res
olv
e dis
pute
s
To e
nsu
re a
str
ong m
echan
ism
:Str
ength
en loca
l gove
rnm
ent
capac
ity
to e
ngag
e w
ith m
inin
g
com
pan
ies
and c
om
munitie
s sh
ould
be
stre
ngth
ened
Incr
ease
citiz
en p
artici
pat
ion in d
ecis
ion-m
akin
gCla
rify
role
s an
d r
esponsi
bili
ties
i.e
. ro
les
of
min
ing
com
pan
ies
and g
ove
rnm
ent
(at
all le
vels
) vi
s-à-
vis
dev
elopm
ent
Incr
ease
info
rmat
ion-s
har
ing,
tran
spar
ency
and a
ccounta
bili
ty
Ensu
re e
xist
ence
of
cred
ible
dis
pute
res
olu
tion m
echan
ism
s
19
•Cal
ls f
rom
com
munitie
s fo
r st
ronger
info
rmat
ion d
iscl
osu
re a
nd c
om
munic
atio
n o
f th
e m
inin
g co
mpan
y’s
oper
atio
n in
Pad
cal
Min
e, th
e Phili
ppin
es le
d to
th
e cr
eation of
an
inte
r-dep
artm
enta
l co
ord
inat
ing d
ivis
ion c
alle
d t
he
Envi
ronm
ent
and C
om
munity
Rel
atio
ns
Div
isio
n (
ECRD
)
•ECRD
’sfu
nct
ion is
to p
urs
ue
com
munic
atio
n a
nd info
rmat
ion d
isse
min
atio
n p
roce
ss u
sing
a m
ulti-
sect
ora
lap
pro
ach invo
lvin
g a
nd s
upport
ing t
he
work
under
take
n b
y a
Multi-
par
tite
M
onitoring T
eam
(M
MT).
•E
CRD
runs
an info
rmat
ion
and e
duca
tion c
ampai
gn f
ocu
sed o
n:
•a
com
mitm
ent
to s
oci
al e
mpow
erm
ent
•pro
tect
ion o
f th
e en
viro
nm
ent
•ec
onom
ic e
ffic
iency
.
•ECRD
conve
nes
reg
ula
r vi
llage
dev
elopm
ent
foru
ms
(pulo
ng-p
ulo
ng)
to d
iscu
ss m
inin
g-
rela
ted iss
ues
such
as
pollu
tion,
min
e re
hab
ilita
tion,
taxe
s, w
aste
man
agem
ent,
etc
.
•The
villa
ge-
leve
l dev
elopm
ent
foru
ms
hav
e bee
n inst
itutional
ized
to p
rom
ote
the
acce
pta
nce
of re
sponsi
bili
ty for
impro
ving indiv
idual
wel
l bei
ng
thro
ugh s
elf-
sust
ainin
g
initia
tive
s.
Sourc
e:
Sta
kehold
er C
om
munic
atio
n
and C
onsu
ltat
ion,
World B
ank
EX
AM
PLE
Com
mun
icat
ion
with
com
mun
ities
20
The
Can
adia
n E
xper
ienc
eA w
ell-
esta
blis
hed
tripar
tite
pro
cess
am
ong c
om
munitie
s,
com
pan
ies,
and g
ove
rnm
ents
has
lai
d t
he
foundat
ion f
or
sust
ainab
le d
evel
opm
ent
in m
inin
g c
om
munitie
s
The
gove
rnm
ent
active
ly w
ork
ed t
o d
evel
op t
his
par
tner
ship
.
Com
pan
ies
must
neg
otiat
e im
pac
ts a
nd b
enef
its
agre
emen
ts w
ith
thei
r co
mm
unitie
s –
com
munity
bas
ed c
onsu
ltat
ion p
roce
dure
s hav
e bee
n d
evel
oped
Com
munitie
s hav
e re
ques
ted t
rain
ing p
rogra
ms
for
min
e w
ork
, as
sura
nce
s of
buyi
ng loca
l in
puts
, an
d a
polic
y of
even
tual
100
per
cent
regio
nal
em
plo
ymen
t.
Soci
o-e
conom
ic a
nd c
ultura
l im
pac
ts s
hould
be
inco
rpora
ted into
th
e dec
isio
n m
akin
g p
roce
ss r
ather
than
focu
sing o
nly
on t
he
envi
ronm
ent
21
It’s
Not
Ove
r Unt
il It’
s O
ver
Min
e C
losu
re P
repa
ratio
n B
egin
s N
OW
!M
inin
g C
om
pan
ies
Beg
in p
lannin
g f
or
closu
re a
t fe
asib
ility
Work
in p
artn
ersh
ip w
ith loca
l gove
rnm
ents
and c
om
munitie
s,
build
ing c
apac
ity
and s
oci
al
capital
Ensu
re a
vaila
bili
ty o
f finan
cial
re
sourc
es f
or
closu
reIm
ple
men
t cl
osu
re in lin
e w
ith
law
s, r
egula
tions,
and
agre
emen
ts w
ith g
ove
rnm
ent
and loca
l co
mm
unitie
s
Lo
cal G
overn
men
t
Prep
are
for
post
-clo
sure
Dev
elop s
ust
ainab
le s
ervi
ce
del
iver
ySupport
eco
nom
ic
div
ersi
fica
tion
Cen
tral G
overn
men
t
Provi
de
an a
deq
uat
e le
gal
and
regula
tory
fra
mew
ork
for
closu
re a
s w
ell as
monitoring
and e
nfo
rcem
ent
inst
itutions
Res
ponsi
bly
inve
st a
nd
dis
trib
ute
fis
cal re
venues
fro
m
min
ing
Prom
ote
sound loca
l an
d
regio
nal
pla
nnin
g
22
Min
e C
losu
re-K
ey Is
sues
Lo
cal C
om
mu
nit
ies
Avo
id d
epen
den
cyPa
rtic
ipat
e in
clo
sure
pla
nnin
gU
se inco
me
to p
repar
e fo
r th
e fu
ture
Civ
il S
oci
ety
Support
com
munitie
s in
re
duci
ng d
epen
den
cy o
n t
he
min
eEngag
e in
ser
vice
del
iver
y w
her
e ap
pro
priat
eM
onitor
min
ing a
nd c
losu
re
activi
ty
Do
no
rs a
nd
IFIs
Support
gove
rnm
ents
, as
nec
essa
ry,
to:
Est
ablis
h a
moder
n leg
al
fram
ework
for
min
e cl
osu
reFi
nan
ce c
losu
re c
ost
s an
d
soci
al s
upport
for
work
ers
leav
ing s
tate
-ow
ned
min
ing
oper
atio
ns
Faci
litat
e re
gio
nal
pla
nnin
gEnco
ura
ge
econom
ic
div
ersi
fica
tion
Dis
sem
inat
e good p
ract
ices