1 mining in sweden
TRANSCRIPT
Roger Holmberg
1 R. Holmberg, Lima, Nov 2010
Peru vs Sweden
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Peru ~30 million people 3 times Swedish area Sweden ~9,5 million people
Mines in production
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PRODUCTION Iron ore Sulphide ore Gold ore
Swedish share of total production in EU 2005
Metal Share % Placement
Iron 89.4 1st
Silver 17.2 2nd
after Poland
Lead 36.3 2nd
after Ireland
Copper 12 3rd
after Poland and Portugal
Zinc 26.9 2nd
after Ireland
Gold 36.9 1st
LKAB
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Luossavaara-Kirunavaara AB (LKAB) is an international high-tech minerals group, one of the world’s leading producers of upgraded iron ore products for the steel industry and a growing supplier of industrial minerals products to other sectors.
Most of the iron ore products are sold to European steelworks. Other important markets are North Africa, the Middle East and Southeast Asia. Industrial minerals are sold mainly in Europe but also to growing markets in Asia and the USA.
LKAB has around 3,700 employees, of which 600 outside Sweden.
LKAB Kirunavaara
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27 Mton crude ore per year
4 km long orebody in Kiruna, average width 80 m. 2 km deep
LKAB Malmberget
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16 Mton crude ore per year
20 ore bodies, ~10 are mined
LKAB The finished products are
transported from the ore processing plants to customers by rail and by ship via the shipping ports at Narvik and Luleå.
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LKAB
LKAB
LKAB LKAB produced 25.3 Mt of iron ore products in 2010.
87 % is pellets (66% Iron)
23% is Fines
Second- largest pellet manufacturer after Vale, Brazil
Will increase production initially to 37 Mt. 2015
Utilises large scale sublevel stoping.
Automatic and remotely controlled loading and transport. 30 % of all machinery are supervised and controlled from a surface office.
LKAB
LKAB
LKAB Production 2010
Boliden Mineral
In 2010 Boliden produced 30.4 Mt of ore in Swedish
mining operations.
10 R. Holmberg, Lima, Nov 2010
Boliden Aitik Mine The open pit mine Aitik, located outside Gällivare in northern Sweden, is one of the largest producers of copper in Europe.
Aitik is a low-grade copper mine, which means that the ore is mined on a large scale. In 2010 approximately 28 million tonnes of ore were mined.
67,000 ton Cu and 2,200 kg gold
In operation since 1968.
Aitik video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EGI0dN012Qk&fea
ture=player_embedded
http://www.boliden.com/www/en/BolidenEn.nsf/C3567DE84AFAA493C1256F5D003B566E/2CC662FB00F2AB82C125778B00493759?OpenDocument
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EGI0dN012Qk
Boliden Area The Boliden Area is located in the mineral –rich Skellefteå field where some 30 mines have been in operation since the 1920s.
Zn, Cu, Pb, Ag and Au
Mines today are;
Kristineberg, Renström, Maurliden and Maurliden Östra
2010
1.44 Mton ore mined
86,000 ton Zc produced
Boliden Garpenberg Mine The Garpenberg Mine is the oldest mine in operation in Sweden.
Mined as early as in the 13th century.
One of the owners of the mines was even Gustav Vasa, the first king of the Vasa Dynasty.
Boliden purchased the Garpenberg Mine from AB Zinkgruvor in 1957. Operations at the Garpenberg Norra mine started in 1972.
Garpenberg –mining method At the Garpenberg area a sulphide polymetallic ore is mined. Its main
constituents are zinc and silver, but the ore contains also lead, copper and gold.
Mining method has been Cut and Fill but is changing over to panel stoping with paste fill.
Six metres slices are mined from stopes 50-300m long and up to 15m wide.
The lowermost cut is filled with pure sand and later on with waste rock and sand; thereafter either plain or cemented tailings pumped from the surface are used and the water is drained off.
The coarse fraction of the mill tailings is used for backfill in the mines, while the fines are deposited in an adjacent tailing pond.
15 R. Holmberg, Lima, Nov 2010
Garpenberg More than 1.4 million tonnes of ore are processed at the concentrator
each year.
2010 was 86,000 ton Cu
Zn (%) 7,28
Cu (%) 0,07
Pb (%) 2,80
Ag (g/ton) 139
Au (g/ton) 0,25
An expansion is underway to double production.
16 R. Holmberg, Lima, Nov 2010
Garpenberg- Lappberget Between the two active mines a large deposit, called Lappberget, was discovered year 2001, with high grades of zinc, silver and lead, extending the area's operating life. This orebody is of a greater thickness then the other mines will allow for a larger scale mining method, i.e. panel stoping with paste fill. A connecting drift between the mines at 800-900 m level was completed in spring 2004 and production at Lappberget commenced on a wider scale. The Garpenberg area has around 275 employees.
?
850Z
Lappberget
Garpenberg
Norra
Garpenberg
Mine
?
850Z
Lappberget
Garpenberg
Norra
Garpenberg
Mine
Wireless Central Blasting System Garpenberg previously utilised a simple, but not the safest, method for
initiation of the rounds.
In the mines the NONEL-system is used and after charging the coupled rounds they earlier had the blasting crew driving around to the various blasting sites.
At the end of each shift, i.e. at 16.00 and at 04.00 the crew ignited the rounds with cap and fuse.
The new shifts started at 18.00 and 06.00, which gave a time gap of 2 hours to shoot the rounds and ventilate the blast fumes.
The old fashion cap and fuse was not considered safe and they installed a central blasting system.
18 R. Holmberg, Lima, Nov 2010
Safer blasting procedures Adjacent to the shaft at the 800 m level a control room for the central blasting system was established.
Cap and fuse method for initiation of Nonel rounds was abandoned
Avoiding people to enter the mine during the initiation sequences is a safer approach then previously used method.
A remote controlled central blasting system like DynoRem Mine was convenient to use and the safety has been increased in the mine.
Lundin Mining - Zinkgruvan Zinkgruvan Mining AB produced in 2010 ~1 Mton of
ore.
Metal production;
72 206 ton Zinc
36 636 ton Lead
540 ton Copper
56 ton Silver
20 R. Holmberg, Lima, Nov 2010
Lundin Mining - Zinkgruvan
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Gold Ore Resources Ltd. – Björkdalsgruvan
2010
1.1 Mton ore , surface and underground
1,300 kg Gold
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Gold line Svartliden Guld AB (Dragon Mining NL) and Lapland Goldminers have started production.
23 R. Holmberg, Lima, Nov 2010
Dragon Mining Sweden AB – Svartliden 2010
300 000 ton ore in open pit
produced ~1.250 kg Gold
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Lappland Goldminers Pahtavaara 2010
224 kg Au
Ersmarksberget Production start 2012
Fäbodliden Feasibility study
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Prospecting costs - Sweden
26 R. Holmberg, Lima, Nov 2010
Million US$
100
50
Exploration The exploration is focused on base metals . The
priorities are the following ;
1: 60% - Zn, Cu, Pb and Ni
2: 20% - Fe and energy minerals
3: -molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, tellurium, lithium……
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Why prospecting in Sweden? Political and economic stability
Excellent ore potential
Proven mineral resources of world class
High class data bases
Good infrastructure
Beneficial (simple) mineral laws
28 R. Holmberg, Lima, Nov 2010
LTI – Swedish Mining Industry
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LTI per million work hour
Ballast production
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
-94 -95 -96 -97 -98 -99 -00 -01 -02 -03
Mto
n
Crushed stones
Others + Morain
Natural gravel
2008 101,4 Mton
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2008 18.8 Mton Environmental Goal 2010 12 Mton
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Explosives deliveries
0
10
20
30
40
50
-90
-92
-94
-96
-98
-00
-02
-04
Kto
n
ANFO
Bulk emulsion
Cartridge
32 R. Holmberg, Lima, Nov 2010
Bulk emulsion
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
-97 -98 -99 -00 -01 -02 -03 -04
Kto
n
M ines
Others
kton
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Mines Others
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Mines Others Cartridges kton
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Mines Others
Mines Others
M pcs
M pcs
Non-electric detonators
Electric detonators