1 lok-test & capo-test for in-situ...
TRANSCRIPT
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LOK-TEST & CAPO-TESTfor in-situ strength
Section 3Hardware
Testing ProceduresInstruments
Claus Germann PetersenGERMANN INSTRUMENTS A/S
April 15th, 2019
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In-Situ Strength, why?• Control of effects of transportation and compaction• Effects of curing, quality of the cover layer
protecting the reinforcement against chlorideingress
• Eliminate shortcomings of cylinders and cubes• Low strength of laboratory specimens• Changed mixes, intentionally / not intentional• Strength of existing structures for load carrying
capacity calculations• Timing of safe and early loading operations
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LOK-TEST CAPO-TEST
The two in place test systems presented
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LOK-TEST
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LOK-TESTfor new structures
• Install inserts• Ready the testing• Perform the LOK-TEST either to a
required strength or to top-peak loading,with or without pull-out
• Transform the kN pullforce to compressivestrength of lab cubes (or cores) or labcylinders by general correlation
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25 mm
25 mm
LOK-TEST
InsertDisc
Formwork
Stem
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LOK-TEST
Insert
ReactionRing Pullout
Force
Disc
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Clearance RequirementsASTM C900
25 mm db
>150 mm >100 mm
≥ dbor
NMSA
Edgedistance
Reinforcementclearance
Insert clearance
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LOK-TEST Inserts,<60 MPa cyl, strength
Nailed toformwork
Attached toformwork cutouts
Floatedinto surface
Or through a7 mm hole in the form
L-40 L-42 L-45 L-49
Max pullforce 55 kN, equiv. to 60 MPa cylinder strength or 80 MPa cube strength
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LOK-TEST inserts >60 MPa cyl. strength
L-41 L-43 L-46 L-50
Nailed toformwork
Attached toformwork cutouts
Or through a7 mm hole in the form
Floatedinto surface
Max pullforce 90 kN, equiv. to 105 MPa cylinder strength or 140 MPa cube strengthNote: Both sets of inserts <60 MPa and >60 MPa follow the general correlations(s)
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LOK-TEST Inserts
Nailed toformwork
Attached toformwork cutouts
Floatedinto surface
Or through a7 mm hole in the form
L-42 L-44 L-45 L-49
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L-40 insert for nailing towooden formwork
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LOK-TEST’ing
”H” is the peak-load, saved in thememory with timeand date oftesting fordocumentation
Duration of onetests includingpreparation is 3-5minutes
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Correlating the kN to MPausing the generel cylinder correlation
28.1 MPa
27.4 kN
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Nailed toformwork
Attached toformwork cutouts
Floatedinto surface
Or through a7 mm hole in the form
L-40 L-42 L-45 L-49
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Cut hole in formwork
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Attach backing plate and fasten insert
L-42 Insert
Plate
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• Attach insert support assembly to form• Apply sealant• Place concrete
Sealant
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Strength for Formwork Removal
Vice-President Mr. Sal Fasullo, C.E.T.,Davroc & Associates Ltd., Canada
Mr. Sal Fasullo has during the years been in charge of and responsiblefor testing of +200,000 LOK-TEST’ s
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• Remove backing plate• timed by maturity• Attach loading system• Apply load• Measure pullout strength
LOK-TESTPull Machine
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Peak Load, example H = 29.5 kN• At peak load, ≈ 0.2 mm surface displacement• Gradual decrease in load with continued
displacement
Surface Displacement
Pullo
ut L
oad
H Pu
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Correlating the kN to MPausing the generel cylinder correlation
30.6MPa
29.5 kN
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Floating Inserts
Nailed toformwork
Attached toformwork cutouts
Floatedinto surface
Or through a7 mm hole in the form
L-40 L-42 L-45 L-49
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Placement of L-49 inserts
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COMA-Meterfor maturity
Testing of L-49 insertsfloated in the top surface for QC
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Testing of L-49 insertsfloated in the top surface, tunnel slab
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Deeper testing than at thesurface 25 mm
Deeper embedment ofthe LOK-TEST insertcan be made using e.g.the L-49 insert asillustrated adjacent.
Using this insert thetesting surface will belowered 20 mm from thesurface.
20 mm
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CAPO-TESTCut And PullOut Test
Instruction video on Google”CAPO-TEST ASTM-C900”
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LOK-TEST to CAPO-TEST
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
CA
PO
-Tes
t, kN
LOK -Test, kN
Line of equality
Refs: Krenchel (1982), Bellander (1983), Yun (1990), & Meyer (1994)
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CAPO Test
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CAPO-TEST Failure
”Leaves” from the 2nd crack pattern with the concrete incompression STRUT being intersected in the softeningregime
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CAPO-TESTProcedure
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Prepare Concrete
2. Plane surface100 mm dia.
1. Core hole18.4 mm dia.
18 mm25 mm
Dia 25 mm
3. Cut slot
25 mm
r
10 mm
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Core Hole
Shown here using thevacuum plate, otherwise
perform the coringhandheld, stepping on
the flange
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Planesurface
Use governing tapfor centering if
performed handheld
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Planed surface
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Cut Slot
25 mm
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Cut Slot
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Cut Slot
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Insert Expansion Conewith Coiled Split-Ring
Coiled ring
Cone
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Ring Expansion Hardware
Coiled ring
Cone
Nut
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Expand Ring
Nut
Hold base/conepullbolt in thesame position andturn nut
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Expand Ring
Hold base/conepullbolt in the sameposition and turn nutwith the 45 mmwrench 9 rotationsclockwise. Back offslightly
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Coupleinstrument
ApplyPullout
Force, slowlyto failure
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45Pullout the Expanded Ring
against the 55 mm counterpressure
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AcceptableTest
Sharp 55 mmdiameter edge
fromcounterpressure
Crushedmaterial
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Max strength for CAPO-TESTand duration of test
• Max pullforce for the CAPO-TEST is90 kN, equiv. to 105 MPa cylinderstrength or 140 MPa cube strength
• Total duration of one test 15-20minutes
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LOK-TEST and CAPO-TESTInstruments
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LOK-TEST Instrumentin a suitcase
Additional is needed inserts for casting-in, slide 11-12
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CAPO-TEST Lite Instrumentin a suitcase
The pull machine is the same as for LOK-TESTCan also be used for BOND-TEST
Extra, C-112Expandableinserts
For handhelduse withoutthe suctionplate
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Test smart – Build right
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CAPO Equipment, complete set
Prep. Kit
DSV Kit withSurface Plannerand Suction Plate
Pullmachine
C-112 ExpandableInserts