1. list and describe the 5 elements of a reflex arc. 2. list an example of a reflex. 3. what is the...
TRANSCRIPT
1. List and describe the 5 elements of a reflex arc.
2. List an example of a reflex.
3. What is the difference between a reflex and a voluntary reaction?
1. Cerebral Hemispheres
2. Diencephalon
3. Brain stem4. Cerebellum
L & R hemispheres Corpus callosum: large fiber tract;
connects 2 hemispheres Lobes: major regions (named for cranial
bones) ParietalParietal, frontalfrontal, occipitaloccipital, temporaltemporal
Gyri (gyrus) = elevated ridges of tissue Sulci (sulcus) = shallow grooves Fissures = deeper grooves, separate large
regions of brain Motor & sensory function: opposite
hemispheres
Grey matter“Executive suite” conscious mind
3 main structures:1.Thalamus: relay station for incoming info2.Hypothalamus:
A. Autonomic control center (heart rate, BP, digestion)B. Emotional response (limbic system)C. Body temperature regulationD. Regulate food intakeE. Sleep-wake cyclesF. Control endocrine system pituitary gland at base
3.Epithalamus: pineal gland (sleep-wake cycle)
Programmed, automatic behaviors for survival
3 regions:1. Midbrain: vision, hearing, reflex2. Pons: breathing3. Medulla oblongata: heart rate, BP, breathing,
swallowing, vomiting, coughing, sneezing
Balance, equilibrium, timing of skeletal muscle activity
Meninges: connective tissue covering CNS structures Dura mater (leathery outer), arachnoid
mater (web-like middle), pia mater (surface of brain)
Meningitis: inflammation of meninges; bacterial or viral infection
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF): watery cushion to protect NS from trauma Lumbar (spinal) tap – test for infection,
tumors, multiple sclerosis
Bacterial antibiotics Herpes meningitis antiviral meds IV fluids Prevention: vaccines for bacterial
infections (HiB)
NO: Urea Toxins Proteins White blood cells Bacteria Most drugs
YES: Water Glucose Amino acids Gases Fat-soluble
substances Some drugs:
anesthetics, alcohol, nicotine