ChristopherHas-ngs,PhD

L2TeacherMo,va,on:TeacherIden,ty&ItsRoleintheEnglish

LanguageClassroom

Whatismo,va,on?

Mo,va,onis“responsibleforwhypeopledecidetodosomething,howlongtheyarewillingtosustaintheac,vity,andhowhardtheyaregoingtopursueit”

Dörnyei,Z.(2014).Mo,va,onInSecondLanguageLearning.InCelce-Murciaetal.,TeachingEnglishAsA

SecondOrForeignLanguage(Pg.519)

Whatmo,vatesyourstudentstostudyEnglish?

Whatmo-vatesyourstudents?

I enjoy studying English and feel like I

can do well at it.

I’m interested in the language.

I want to outperform other students.

My parents/teachers will be happy

English will allow me to meet and talk with

more people.

It’s important because I’ll be able to

participate in the activities of other cultural groups.

I can get into a good school, get good job,

etc.

Other people will respect me more. Other

Mo-va-onsforLearninganL2

Intrinsic•  Enjoyment

Extrinsic•  Rewards

Integra,ve•  Joinaculture

Instrumental• Gradua,on,College,Job,etc.

PeriodsofL2Mo,va,onResearch

1950s-1990•  Socio-Educa,onalPeriod

1990s• Cogni,veSituatedPeriod

2000s•  ProcessOrientedPeriod

Current•  Socio-dynamicPeriod

TheSocio-DynamicPhase(Current)

•  L2 Motivational Self System •  Ideal Self •  Ought-to Self •  Feared Self

•  L2 Learning Experience

•  Vision Component

Whatwouldyourstudentssay?IdealSelf

“WhenIlearnEnglish,Iwill______.”

Ought-toSelf“__saysIshouldlearnEnglishbecause__.”

FearedSelf

“IfIdon’tlearnEnglish______.”

L2 Learning Experience “MyexperiencelearningEnglish________”

Whatmo,vatesyoutoteach?

L2 Teacher Motivation

Interrelated with student motivation The teacher is a class member and must find “stimulation so that learners will discover things they want to do for themselves” (Ushioda 2003)

“classroom motivation is a dynamic construct which emerges from student and teacher motivation in synergy” (Banegas, 2013)

SameTheoriesApplyIntrinsicMo-va-on -  Loveofsubject-  Interac,onw/students-  Self-respectofaccomplishment

-  Autonomy-  Personalgrowth-  Seeinglearninghappen

ExtrinsicMo-va-on-  Salary-  Benefits-  Physicalcondi,ons-  Teachinghours-  Recogni,on

SameTheoriesApply

L2Mo,va,onalSelfSystem (PossibleTeacherSelves)

–  IdealSelf(Internal)– Ought-toSelf(External)– FearedSelf

L2LearningExperience

L2TeacherMo-va-onResearchMarthaPennington•  LargescaleTESOLsurvey•  Sa,sfiedwithintrinsicnatureofjob•  Dissa,sfiedwithexternalfactors

TerryDoyle&YoungMiKim•  Cri,cizedPenningtonforignoringculture

•  Samefindings•  Statemandatedcurriculumlimitedautonomy&mo,va,on

L2TeacherMo-va-onResearchAmelShoaib•  TeacherMo,va,oninSaudi•  Strategiestomo,vateteachers

•  TeacherLevel•  ManagerLevel•  Ministry/Ins,tu,onallevel

MagdalenaKubanyiova•  PossibleSelvesinSlovakia•  FearedLanguageTeacherSelf•  Fearlimitschange

TheGood,TheBad,&TheUgly“wecandescribetheteachingprofessionasabodyofhighlyqualifiedprofessionalswithanintrinsicallymo,vatedandideologicallycolouredcommitmenttopursuewhattheyseeasalargelyfulfillingjob”

•  Highstresslevel•  Restric,onsonteaching

autonomy•  Fragileself-efficacy•  Difficultyofmaintaining

intellectualchallenge•  Inadequatecareer

structure•  Pooreconomiccondi,ons

(Dornyei&Ushioda,2011)

Whyisitimportant?

“theteacher’slevelofenthusiasmandcommitmentisoneofthemostimportantfactorsthatcanaffectlearners’mo,va,ontolearn”

(Dörnyei&Ushioda,2011,p.170).

Howdoyoumaintainyourmo,va,ontoteach?

SelfMo,va,ngStrategiesforTeachers•  Reflectonlessonsimmediately•  Observeotherteachersasalearningtool•  Rememberpreviouschallenges

•  Analyzeaspectsofworkthatcauseanxiety•  Changeapproachestoteachingmaterial•  Arrangeclassroomformaximalamen,on

•  Workwithotherteacherstoresolveproblems

Corno&Kanfer(1993)inDornyei&Ushioda(2011)

ClassroomPrac,cestoKeepStudentsMo,vated

10Commandmentsformo,va,nglanguagelearners

1.  Setapersonalexamplewithyourownbehaviour

2.  Createapleasant,relaxedatmosphereintheclassroom

3.  Presenttasksproperly

4.  Developagoodrela,onshipwiththelearners

5.  Increaselearner’slinguis,cconfidence

6.  Makethelanguageclassesinteres,ng

7.  Promotelearnerautonomy

8.  Personalisethelearningprocess

9.  Increasethelearner’sgoal-orientedness

10.  FamiliariselearnerswithTLculture

Dörnyei&Csizér1998

Crea,ngthebasic

mo,va,onalcondi,ons

Genera,ngini,al

mo,va,on

Maintainingand

Protec,ngMo,va,on

Encouragingposi,ve

retrospec,veself-

evalua,on

ZoltanDornyei,2001,Mo,va,onalStrategiesintheLanguageClassroom

Mo,va,onalTeachingPrac,ce

Today’sResourcesMo,va,onalstrategiesinthelanguageclassroom.

ByZoltanDornyei

www.americanenglish.state.gov